V1.

2b 16/10/2006
Mandatory Human Safety Requirements for Design Engineering

Mandatory Human Safety Requirements

for
Design Engineering

ATC CTEC CTS - TCEA

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Introduction
The purpose of this document is to define the Requirements for Design Engineering, in
order to ensure that the operators & personnel on Site, work in a safe condition and
environment. This specification does not address the safety requirements to be
implemented during the construction works. This document is not exhaustive.
National Standards prevail over the present document, where more stringent
The Site specifications supplements the requirements indicated in the present
document.

Content
1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 5
1.1 ACCESS & PLATFORMS 5
1.2 STAIRWAYS 7
1.3 HANDRAILS 8
1.4 ANTI-PANIC DOORS 8
1.5 PROTECTION COVERS FOR ROTATING PARTS 9
1.6 HOT SURFACES 9
1.7 EXPLOSION VENTS 9
1.8 INSPECTION & CLEAN OUT DOORS 10
1.9 WARNING PLATES 11
1.10 CAUTION COLOURS 11
1.11 LIGHTING 12
1.12 FIRE DETECTION 13
1.13 MAXIMUM SOUND EMMISSION 13
1.14 EQUIPMENT SUPPORT 13

2 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT 14
2.1 CONVEYING EQUIPMENT 14
2.1.1 ALL CONVEYING SYSTEMS 14
2.1.2 APRON AND PAN CONVEYORS 14
2.1.3 BELT CONVEYOR 14
2.1.4 BUCKET ELEVATOR 17
2.1.5 CHAIN CONVEYOR 18
2.1.6 ROTARY FEEDER 19
2.1.7 SCREW CONVEYOR 19
2.2 STORAGE 20
2.2.1 BINS, BUNKERS, HOPPERS AND SILOS 20
2.3 AIR HANDLING 22
2.3.1 AIR BLASTER 22
2.3.2 AIR COMPRESSOR 22
2.3.3 AIR RECEIVER T ANK 23
2.3.4 FAN & BLOWER 24
2.3.5 SAFETY EXHAUST BALL VALVE 24
2.4 LIFTING FACILITIES 25

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2.4.1 CRANES / HOISTS 25

3 MAIN EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES IN SHOPS 26

FOR ALL PROCESS EQUIPMENT 26
3.1 QUARRY & CRUSHING SHOP 26
3.1.1 DRILLING, STRIPPING , BLASTING, LOADING AND HAULING 26
3.1.2 PRIMARY & SECONDARY CRUSHER 26
3.2 RAW MIX SHOP 27
3.2.1 STACKERS AND RECLAIMERS 27
3.2.2 CROSS BELT ANALYSER 27
3.2.3 VERTICAL MILL 27
3.2.4 BALL MILL 27
3.2.5 SEPARATOR 28
3.3 COAL MILL SHOP 28
3.4 BURNING SHOP 30
3.4.1 PREHEATER 30
PREHEATER FLOORS, PLATFORMS AND STAIRWAYS 30
3.4.2 KILN 31
3.4.3 COOLER 32
3.5 CEMENT GRINDING SHOP 33
3.5.1 ROLLER PRESS 33
3.5.2 BALL MILL SEE 3.2.3 34
3.6 PACKING & SHIPPING SHOP 34
3.6.1 PACKER 34
3.6.2 SHIPPING 35
SHIPPING INSPECTION 35
3.6.3 BULK LOADING AND UNLOADING 35
3.7 LABORATORY 37
3.8 BAG HOUSE REVERSE AIR AND PULSE JET TYPE 37
3.9 LIQUID AND GAS STORAGE & HANDLING 38
3.9.1 PIPING 38
3.9.2 STORAGE 38

4 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 39
4.1 PREAMBULE 39
4.2 PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IN ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION 40
4.3 APPLICABLE STANDARD 41
4.4 POWER AND AUXILIARY VOLTAGES 41
4.5 DEGREE OF PROTECTION OF THE EQUIPMENT 41
4.6 NOISE LEVEL 42
4.7 INTERLOCKING SYSTEM 42
4.8 MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR 42
4.9 MEDIUM VOLTAGE T RANSFORMER 43
4.10 LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION BOARDS 43
4.11 EARTHING, LIGHTNING 43
4.12 LIGHTING, POWER O UTLETS 44
4.13 CABLING 45
4.14 VISIBLE CUT-OFF SWITCHES 46
4.15 EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN PUSH BUTTONS 47
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4.16 WARNING SIREN CUM FLASHER 49

4.17 ELECTRICAL ROOM & SUBSTATION 49
4.18 ELECTRICAL T EMPORARY INSTALLATION 50

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1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1 ACCESS & PLATFORMS

Buildings and facilities shall have a minimum of one main staircase from the lowest level to the highest
level, servicing each main level and adjacent intermediate levels. All stairs and landings shall be
provided with appropriate handrails and toe plates (perimeter kicking strips). The gap below the toe
plates shall not exceed 10 mm

Accesses and circulation to and around the equipment shall be direct, rational and consistent with
providing optimum efficiency of operation and maintenance with maximum safety of personnel.
Wooden boards shall not be used for walkways as they are slippery and the structural integrity cannot
be guaranteed.

The minimum headroom clearance required above platforms including passages, walkways and all
points in stairways shall be 2100mm for Asia and 2,400mm for the rest of the world. The minimum
access width shall be 800mm . Exceptions (restricted width for access dedicated to maintenance
purposes) must be submitted for Owners approval in writing.
Platforms shall be designed to provide maximum access space for unclogging and maintenance in
safe conditions.

Areas that need more than the minimum access (such as areas in front of access doors to dust
collectors and cyclones) shall be wide enough to ensure totally safe access or retreat. Special
consideration shall be exercised in providing ample access space for safely unclogging dust collector
hoppers and cyclones and in selecting the safest direction of escape from such points, wherever
possible ensure two points of egress.

There shall not be any floor openings in the platforms, which may cause injury to the workers.
All platforms shall be provided with handrails and toe plates.

Metal floors of indoor platforms shall be of chequered plate. Grating platforms shall be used for outside
areas where dust is prone to accumulate. All grating shall be welded to the support steel, except where
it is required to be removable,(bolted clips to be used). The welds are to be 6mm fillets x 20mm long
minimum, at each corner of the panel, plus a weld in the middle of the panel. The only exception is that
in some indoor areas, for small service platforms, grating shall be used to minimize dust accumulation.

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The sketch below shows a typical platform.

Leave 5-10mm gap

Flooring to be either Welded Steel between toe plate and
Bar Grating or Chequered plate bottom floor for rain
water to escape

Sketch for Platform

Note: The above description and the sketch apply for all general accesses and platforms, specific
requirements apply to :
1. The walkways along conveyors including belt conveyors, section 2.1 conveying equipment.
2. The preheater platforms, section 3.4.1 Preheater.
-
To avoid material (bolts, nuts, screws, grinding media, etc.) falling through the openings, the opening
size of grating plates shall not be wider than 20mm on one side
This applies to working platform, staircase and walkways.
- Minimum carrying load of grating shall be considered as per international standard (kg/m)
- Position of the grating stiffeners flat bars shall be perpendicular to the shorter span of the support
beam structure

The sketch below shows a reference for a grating plate.

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1.2 STAIRWAYS

All stairways shall be a minimum of 800mm wide.

All stairs in a stairway flight shall incorporate identical riser and tread depth dimensions.

All stairways shall be equipped with right and left handrails (including concrete stairways).

Toe plates shall be installed for all stairs, minimum 100mm high.

The least dimension for landings in stairways shall be not less than the required width of the stairway.

Stairways shall have a maximum angle of 37 degrees with horizontal. Exceptions must be submitted
for Owners approval in writing.

Landing platforms shall be provided at a minimum of every 3,500mm of vertical travel. Exceptions
must be submitted for Owners approval in writing.

Stairways and pathways shall be equipped with Safety lighting, Ceiling and/or wall mounted, and shall
be backed-up with emergency power supply.

The sketch below shows a typical stairway.

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1.3 HANDRAILS

All handrails shall incorporate 3 horizontal circular members and posts of 1100mm high and toe plates
of minimum 100mm high

The sketch below shows a typical handrail detail.

1.4 ANTI-PANIC DOORS

All buildings, including Electrical substations shall be designed with at least two emergency exits,
having emergency exit doors equipped with an anti-panic bar opening system as shown on the
following sketch:
One Luminous EXIT sign (Safety lighting with incorporated power battery) shall be installed above
each emergency exit

The sketch below shows a typical anti-panic door.

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1.5 PROTECTION COVERS FOR ROTATING PARTS

All exposed rotating parts shall be protected; protection covers shall require the use of a tool to be
removed. The examples below are to be referred to.
All bearings shall be accessible for lubrication, without removing the safety guard

English,

Regards. Min.1m

Maurice PALIARD
Lafarge DPC
Engineering
Development & Performance Director Min.1m

Tel : 33 (0)4 74 82 16 20

(For transmission parts) (For B/C pulleys)

(For roller parts) (For wholly exposed moving parts)

1.6 HOT SURFACES

Contractor shall ensure that no workers can touch any surface having a temperature above 65C.

In case such a surface is accessible, these surfaces shall be either insulated (personal protection) or
have a mechanical protection (perforated grill etc).

1.7 EXPLOSION VENTS

In the case of the coal mill workshop, as a minimum, explosion vents shall be provided in the areas of
the coal mill exhaust duct, fine coal bins and coal mill bag filter.

Keeping human safety in mind, it is very important to locate the explosion vents in such a way that the
explosion waves propagate away from the building, into open areas, that are made inaccessible to the
workers during normal operation of the plant.

The picture below shows an explosion diverter, which opens or ruptures to release the pressure to
such an extent such that the residual explosive mixture is harmless when it reaches the main
equipment, such as a bag filter or a storage bin.

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1.8 INSPECTION & CLEAN OUT DOORS

All equipment shall incorporate inspection and clean-out doors as required, to assist in maintaining
equipment, locating potential problems such as clogs, and for verifying the proper operation of the
equipment, process and related instrumentation and control devices. All such doors shall be provided
with suitable platforms and accesses

The Inspection & clean out doors shall be designed and equipped as follows:

The doors shall be of quick-opening and hinged design.

Safety means shall be provided to limit opening of doors upon unlatching or releasing when
there is a potential for the door to swing open due to a force and/or weight of material inside.
Access manholes shall be designed to allow passage of a man through. Minimum dimensions
shall be as per the applicable regulations and not smaller than 610 mm diameter.
The doors shall be insulated when they are installed on insulated equipment.
All silo manholes shall be lockable and fitted with proper safety instructions.

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1.9 WARNING PLATES

Warning plates such as electric hazard, wear ear plugs, wear helmets, do not smoke etc. must
be in dual languages, i.e. the local language and English and installed where necessary, to satisfy the
relevant legislation, at minimum. All the warning plates shall be with standard pictorial signs.

The photos below are examples of some of the warning plates.

Typical Warning Plates at a Cement Plant

1.10 CAUTION COLOURS

Hazards must be identified by caution colors used according to local codes. The following are the
caution colours to be used to identify the type of hazard and typical locations.

General:

Colour Hazards Items

Fire alarms, fire fighting equipment, stop or
Red Danger or emergency
panic buttons, danger signs
Equipment guards, cutting edges, interiors of
Orange On guard
electrical boxes.
Safety zones, guardrails, caution signs,
Yellow Watch out
tripping or bumping hazards.
Waste cans, storage areas, traffic arrows,
White Storage
house keeping areas.
First aid kits or cabinets, safety equipment
Green First aid
location, safety bulleting boards.
Out-of-order tags, do-not-move signs,
Blue Information or caution
exteriors of electrical boxes.

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Piping:

Piping lines shall be identified at each manifold.

In the case of pipes carrying inherently hazardous materials comprising of flammable or explosive /
corrosive / toxic / materials or high temperatures or pressure and radioactive materials, Black letters
on Yellow background are recommended.

For pipes carrying low hazardous liquids and gases, White letters on Green background are
recommended.

For pipes carrying fire-quenching materials such as water, foam, CO2, Halon, etc., White letters on
Red background are recommended.

1.11 LIGHTING
Adequate lighting is necessary for all buildings and in open areas so as to:
Promote work and other activities carried out in the area;
Promote safety of people;

Adequate lighting will be achieved by:

Planning of brightness in relation to the task itself, immediate background of the task and the general
surroundings;
Avoiding glare produced by excessive contrast or abrupt and large changes in brightness; and
Planning of lighting for movement in and around a building.

The recommended values of illumination for different locations is given in the table below:
(Imperial equivalents may apply in certain areas)

Production areas 200 Lux

Platforms 200 Lux
Stairs and landings 150 Lux
Conveyor walkways 50 Lux
Roadway 25 Lux
General outside lighting
In the vicinity of buildings, along roads & 15 Lux
footpaths
Offices 500 Lux
CCR/Computer Room 400 Lux
Packing plant 250 Lux
Electrical substation 250 Lux
Transformer bay 50 Lux
Cable tunnels 15 Lux

See also Electrical Safety document on power supply of normal, back-up/emergency and safety
lighting

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1.12 FIRE DETECTION

The fire detection shall be designed and equipped as follows:
One control unit (including emergency battery- min.2 hours requirement), monitoring
evaluation & indication of the fire alarms and for activation of acoustic & optical annunciators,
located in the CCR or in the security room
A fire detector shall be provided in each electrical room and CCR above & under technical
floors if any, in cables tunnels, in each transformer room or any other enclosed section of the
plant where there could be a fire hazard.
Fire call points protected by releasable glass, shall be installed at the main entrance doors of
each substation and CCR
Annunciators : flashing light and audible signalling devices shall be provided in the CCR and
the security room if any.
In addition, appropriate fire extinguishers shall be provided in all the electrical rooms, CCR ,in
the diesel emergency generator room or any other enclosed section of the plant where there
could be a fire hazard.

1.13 MAXIMUM SOUND EMMISSION

Special attention shall be given to crushers,mills, compressors, and large fans

Noise protection shall be installed ensuring < 80 dB to all permanent work position indoors.
Noise emission measured at 1m from each individual equipment shall be less than 85dB except
otherwise agreed by the owner.
.

1.14 EQUIPMENT SUPPORT

If steel wire ropes are used to support equipment or equipment parts they must be crimped and
certified for the load to support

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2 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

2.1 CONVEYING EQUIPMENT

2.1.1 ALL CONVEYING SYSTEMS

All conveying systems must comply with 1.5 PROTECTION COVERS FOR ROTATING PARTS ,
this includes : Protection covers for head and tail pulleys or sprockets, gravity take-ups, couplings,
and transmission roller chains
Apron and belt conveyors must be protected by a guard along the conveyor on each side where they
are accessible from platforms or walkways.
All bearings shall be accessible for lubrication purposes without removing the safety guard.
Inclined or vertical conveying systems must be equipped with a non-return stop device.
All non enclosed conveyor systems must be equipped with a pull cord switch for emergency, on both
sides of conveyor where accessible.
For road or walkway crossings, a chequered plate must be installed under all open conveyors to
prevent spillage of material.
2.1.2 APRON AND PAN CONVEYORS

The sketch below is a reference for protection covers and safety devices on an apron conveyor.

Protection Cover
Protection Cover

Sketch for Apron Conveyor

2.1.3 BELT CONVEYOR

Each belt conveyor shall be equipped with the following
All the nip points between the moving belt and drums must be adequately guarded.
(A nip point is associated with a change a direction of the belt such as at the head or tail of the
conveyor).
A minimum standard for conveyor guard systems is to ensure that the guard will prevent access into
any nip point by forcing a reach distance of more than 1.0 m.

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The protection covers and safety devices on the belt conveyor shall comply with the enclosed typical
sketches.

Sketch 1 shows typical protection covers and safety devices for a belt conveyor.

Sketch 2 shows typical guard elements for a belt conveyor bend with adjacent walkway.

Sketch 3 shows typical guards for a gravity tensioning unit.

Sketch 1 - Belt Conveyor Protection Covers and Safety Devices

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Sketch 2 - Guard Elements for a Conveyor

Bend with Adjacent Walkways

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Sketch 3 - Guards for Gravity Tensioning Unit

to Prevent Crushing Injuries

2.1.4 BUCKET ELEVATOR

Each bucket elevator shall be equipped with:
An inching drive
Hold-to run control for inching drive or slow crawl system
Additional two access doors on both sides of the casing at the middle of the bucket elevator
Facilities to insert metallic bars (bars to be provided and available with each elevator) between the
chain links (or bottom of the buckets) through the access doors to block the chain from moving during
maintenance.
The casing at this area needs to be adequately stiffened, and strong enough to resist deforming of
the casing.
In the case of a belt bucket elevator, a suitable clamping system shall be provided to block the belt
during maintenance

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The protection covers and safety devices on the bucket elevator shall comply with the enclosed typical
sketches.

Sketch for Bucket Elevator

2.1.5 CHAIN CONVEYOR

Feed openings for shovel or other mechanical equipment shall be constructed such that the
conveyors rotating or moving parts are enclosed and access to the conveyor is restricted.
The sketch below is for reference to the protection cover on a chain conveyor.
The inspection door opening must be closed to prevent hand access, by fixed steel-mesh underneath
the cover

Protection Cover

Sketch for Chain Conveyor

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2.1.6 ROTARY FEEDER

Rotary feeders (or airlocks) shall be erected in such a way that they can be isolated from the preceding
equipment.

Each rotary feeder shall be equipped with:

A flanged connection with the equipment or chute at the inlet and the outlet.
The sketch below is for reference to the protection cover on the rotary valve.

Protection Cover

Sketch for Rotary Feeder

2.1.7 SCREW CONVEYOR

If the conveyor must have an open housing as a condition of its use, the entire open conveyor shall
be guarded by a railing, fence or rugged safety grating.
Feed openings for a shovel or front end loader shall be constructed in such a way that a rugged
grating covers the conveyor. If the material is such that grating cannot be used, then exposed
sections of conveyor shall be guarded by a suitable railing.
The inspection door opening must be closed to prevent hand access by a fixed steel-mesh
underneath the cover

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The sketch below is for reference to the protection cover on the screw conveyor.

Sketch for Screw Conveyor

2.2 STORAGE
2.2.1 BINS, BUNKERS, HOPPERS AND SILOS
Where bins, bunkers or hoppers are loaded by automotive truck or other wheeled equipment,
vertical concrete stopper walls of suitable height shall be installed at loading edge(s) in a
manner to prevent the equipment from running onto or over the hopper.
Hand rails and toe plates shall be provided all around the top of the bins, bunkers and silos.
Every open bin, bunker and hopper whose upper edge is less than 900 mm above floor or
working level shall be equipped with a standard railing around its edges or a grating or grille
shall cover the top.
The grating or grille shall be of strength sufficient to withstand any load that is customarily
imposed upon it.
Where employees are permitted or required to work in or above open top bins over 2500 mm
in depth, an upper working area consisting of a platform or walkway shall be provided, and
shall be guarded with a standard railing and toe plate.
In order to avoid falls, a metallic grid at each opening located at the top of silos shall be
provided, as shown in the sketch 1 below.
Suitable anchorages shall be provided on the top for fixation of lifelines for all the silos. Both
ends of fixation of the lifeline must be tested up to twice the resistance of the life line in vertical
pulling and vertical shearing directions. Sketch 2 shows a typical horizontal lifeline & fall
arrest system.

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Sketch 1 Metallic Grid at Opening Over Roof of Silo

Sketch 2 Horizontal Lifeline & Fall Arrest System

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2.3 AIR HANDLING

2.3.1 AIR BLASTER
Each Air blaster shall be tightly secured by installing a restraining cable, as shown on the
following sketch.
Each Air blaster shall be equipped with at least one quick exhaust valve, one safety relief
valve, and one manual ball valve on the body of the tank.
It should be possible to shut down the air supply by closing a ball valve on the air supply pipe,
and relieving the pressure via a manual discharge valve.
The air supply isolation valve should be lockable.

The sketches below are for reference to the safety devices on the air blaster.

Sketch for Restraining Cable Sketch for Air blaster Assembly

2.3.2 AIR COMPRESSOR

Each air compressor shall be equipped with:
A pressure-limiting switch to shut down the compressor when the system's working pressure
has been reached.

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The sketch below is for reference to the protection cover on the air compressor.

Protection Cover

Sketch for Air Compressor

2.3.3 AIR RECEIVER T ANK

The maximum allowable working pressure of air receivers should never be exceeded except when
being tested. Only hydrostatically tested and certified (by relevant authority) tanks shall be used as air
receivers.
Air tanks and receivers should be equipped with inspection openings, and tanks over 900mm in
diameter should have a manhole.
Air tanks should be located so that the entire outside surface can be easily inspected. Air tanks
should not be buried or placed where they cannot be seen for frequent inspection.
A safety (spring type) release valve shall be installed to protect the tank against exceeding the
maximum allowable working pressure. The release valve must vent to the outside of the building.
At least one pressure gauge and safety valve of the proper design shall be installed.
The photo below is an example for the air receiver tanks.

Air Receiver Tanks

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2.3.4 FAN & BLOWER

Each fan & blower shall be equipped with the following, for personnel protection:
Removable inlet and outlet guards.
A device enabling the shaft to be blocked during a maintenance operation shall be provided,for large
process fans.
The sketch below highlights the above protection systems for a centrifugal fan.

2.3.5 SAFETY EXHAUST BALL VALVE

In order to release air pressure from pneumatic equipment for inspection or repair work, safety exhaust
ball valves shall be installed before the compressed air tank.

When the valve is turned off (closed), it shall vent the residual air on the down-stream, through a
perforation at the bottom. The lockout handle shall be lockable in this position.
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The sketches below show the principle of a safety exhaust valve.

2.4 LIFTING FACILITIES

2.4.1 CRANES / HOISTS
Each electrical crane and hoist shall be equipped with
An overload device, which cuts off the power if the load exceed the rated SWL (Safe Working Load).
The hook shall have a safety catch to prevent the wire rope from jumping out.
Long travel and cross travel stoppers and limit switches.
Upper and lower limit switch, which prevents the hook from hitting the hoist unit.
In case of more than one crane on a runway, an anti collision feature shall be available.
A siren, which is activated whenever, the crane is in motion.
If the crane has more than one hoisting unit, each hoist shall have its rated load marked on it or its
load block.
Cranes and hoists must be tested and certified
The operating area of a hoist shall be marked on the floor by coloured marking and/or an enclosure
safety guard
Remote control boxes (wire or wireless) shall be equipped with an emergency stop button
Maintenance access platforms shall be provided at the end of the runway; access to this maintenance
platform shall be by a stair.
Where only a hooking point is provided (for the installation of a maintenance hoist for unusual
maintenance operation), an access platform to each hooking point shall be provided.

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3 MAIN EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES IN SHOPS

FOR ALL PROCESS EQUIPMENT

All the main process equipment shall be supplied with the following safety systems:
An emergency stop device
Emergency telephones to be located in suitable places in each workshop
The start-up sequence shall include sound and light flashing alarms before the equipment is started
Fire extinguishers suited to the potential risks (ordinary combustible, flammable liquids, electrical
equipment)
3.1 QUARRY & CRUSHING SHOP
3.1.1 DRILLING, STRIPPING , BLASTING, LOADING AND HAULING
Heavy mobile equipment (trucks, loaders, etc) shall be equipped with:
Safety belts.
A low air pressure warning alarm for brake.
A secondary breaking system.
A cab with a dust filtration system, and noise protection ensuring < 80 dB, rollover protection system.
An audible reverse warning alarm and backup lights

Drills shall be equipped with:

A cab with a dust filtration system and noise protection ensuring < 80 dB.
A dust collection system with adequate shrouds and skirts
An audible reverse warning alarm and backup lights

3.1.2 PRIMARY & SECONDARY CRUSHER

Primary & Secondary Crushers shall be equipped with:

A fixed enclosure guard (only removable by using a tool) around the open feeding access that does
not require maintenance access during operation
A ventilation system confined areas, if any, such as material extraction and the transport tunnel

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3.2 RAW MIX SHOP

Raw mix shops shall be equipped with:
Isolating dampers to isolate the mill from hot gas ducts.
3.2.1 STACKERS AND RECLAIMERS
Stackers and Reclaimers shall be equipped with:
A safety trip device at accessible stacker and re-claimer sides
A hold-to run control if inching drive or slow crawl system is being used.
A ventilation system in the confined areas, if any, such as raw material extraction and the transport
tunnel
A sound alarm before and during reversing displacement and before start-up
3.2.2 CROSS BELT ANALYSER
If a crossbelt analyser is supplied, it shall be installed in an access restricted perimeter for only
authorized people, protected by a safety guard enclosure.
Warning plates with gamma Ray Safety sign shall be installed at the enclosure access and on the
equipment

3.2.3 VERTICAL MILL

Vertical mills shall be equipped with:
An hydraulic system Safety warning sign if operating at high pressure
An inching drive
A hold-to run control for inching drive or slow crawl system
3.2.4 BALL MILL
Ball mills shall be equipped with:
A fixed enclosure guard (only removable by using a tool) around the area that does not require
maintenance access during operation, and to prevent access around and under the mill shell, where
the space beneath the mill is less than the normal head clearance.
A platform installed above the mill to give safe access to the mill manhole (inspection, maintenance,
load adjustment).
An inching drive
An hydraulic system safety warning sign for equipment operated under high pressure
A hold-to run control for the inching drive or slow crawl system
The sketch below is for reference for a safety platform over the ball mill.

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3.2.5 SEPARATOR
Separator shall be equipped with:
An hydraulic system safety warning sign if operating at high pressure

3.3 COAL MILL SHOP

O and CO analyzers shall be installed to monitor the gas composition upstream and downstream of
the mill in a suitable location (most of the time one at preheater gas exit duct and one at the filter
outlet).CO analyzers shall be installed on each pulverized storage silo
- Coal mill, ducting / chutes and any equipment not equipped with explosion vents shall be designed
to resist explosions. All other equipment such as filters, cyclones, separators, silos shall be
provided with explosion vents. These explosion vents shall vent into safe areas (outside the
building, and far from access and walkways)
- Monitoring of the temperature at the mill inlet and outlet shall be recorded by 3 temperature probes
with a two out of three temperature validation.
- Fast acting isolating dampers shall be installed at filter inlet and outlet
- An isolating damper shall be installed at the shop inlet on the gas duct.
- A fire suppression system shall be provided (CO or equivalent); its volume shall be in accordance
with the sizing of the complete system. A sound and light flashing alarm with time delay must be
connected if CO2 is selected.
- The control system shall shut down the plant in case of high temperature or high O level.
- All equipment shall be properly earthed in order to avoid any sparks.

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Coal Mill shop safety equipment chart

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3.4 BURNING SHOP

Burning shops shall be equipped with:
A heat insulation or personal protection of the equipment parts exceeding 65C in accessible area
A fuel supply skid Safety warning sign
Eye, face & body washers shall be provided at each of the three lowest stages of the preheater, at the kiln
back end and at the firing hood level. They shall be supplied with non-contaminated water maintained at a
suitable temperature.
3.4.1 PREHEATER
Preheater shall be equipped with:
Air blasters Safety warning signs
A fuel supply skid Safety warning sign
A manually actuated alarm system with sound and flashing light for clean out operations
A gamma Ray Safety sign and access restricted perimeter for only authorized people, protected by a safety
guard enclosure, where gamma ray probes are used

PREHEATER FLOORS, PLATFORMS AND STAIRWAYS

-All the steel floors and main platforms for the three lowest stages shall be made of chequered plates or
concrete to prevent possible outflow of hot raw meal. Further, in addition, toe plate of 200 mm shall be
provided around any opening going through these floors in order to retain possible outflows of hot raw meal.
This is to ensure that in case of a hot meal spillage it will be confined.

-A steel grating platform shall be provided at a min of 200 mm above the roof of the cyclone for enabling
access to measurement points over the cyclone roof.

-All the access platforms for the clean out holes shall be made of steel grating, so that it remains clear of
material at all time. Clean out holes shall be provided at the same level as the platform, so that the access
will be better.

-Outflow of hot raw meal may be subjected to wind and may be carried in shifting directions. Hence in front
of a clean out door the platforms shall be wide, door opening space + 1m. Emergency exits shall be
provided in two directions in the case of a clean out door. Good lighting shall be provided near the clean out
holes.

The doors' design must allow opening by one person, without hoisting equipment (hoist)

Stair flights shall be located at the same position for all floors, and preferably outside of the main structure.

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3.4.2 KILN

A safety lifeline shall be installed above the whole length of the kiln in order to allow safe and reliable
maintenance operations.
Both end fixations must be tested up to twice the lifeline resistance in vertical pulling direction and vertical
shearing direction.
A working wire shall be installed beside the lifeline for hanging tools etc.
Accessible platforms and necessary stairs shall be installed on both side of the lifeline in order to allow a
safe access to the kiln.
The sketch below is for reference to the lifeline on the kiln and the photo shows a typical double horizontal
lifeline arrangement.
In case a diesel engine is provided as inching drive, a lockable clutch shall be provided
A manually actuated sound alarm to be operated before starting the inching drive shall be provided
Fuel supply skid safety warning signs shall be installed

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Photo showing double lifeline arrangement for maintenance

3.4.3 COOLER
Cooler shall be equipped with:
An air blaster safety warning sign
A ventilation system in the confined areas such as the hydraulic house, clinker extraction and transport
tunnel
A fixed enclosure guard (only removable by using a tool) around the area that does not require maintenance
access during operation
An hydraulic system safety warning sign for equipment operated under high pressure
Visit glasses for under grate inspection during operation, to give protection against clinker dust blasting
All visit glasses at lower and upper parts shall be made of security-glass (throwing resistant)
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3.5 CEMENT GRINDING SHOP

3.5.1 ROLLER PRESS

Roller presses shall be equipped with
-
- A door allowing safe access to the rollers for maintenance, while enclosing the rollers during operation.
- Pressure relief devices fitted for security on hydraulic cylinders and accumulators.
- An inching device for the maintenance of the press.
- Hold to run control for inching drive
- A hold to run control if the inching device is being used
- A stair case approach to the feeding point of the hopper.
- An hydraulic system Safety warning sign for cylinders, accumulators and hydraulic drives, if any

The sketch below is for reference of guards on a roller press

Guard at non-drive end of the roller press

Safety guards at the drive end

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3.5.2 BALL MILL SEE 3.2.3

3.6 PACKING & SHIPPING SHOP

3.6.1 PACKER
Accessible moving parts shall be fully enclosed in metallic covers.

Access to the rotary path of the roto-packer shall be restricted during operation.
A safety pull cord rope switch shall be installed around the packer...

Bag placer Roto packer Bag exit

Pull cord rope

Machine enclosure

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3.6.2 SHIPPING
SHIPPING INSPECTION

In case of inspection from a stand over platform, a permanent check post shall be installed to allow the
person to count the number of bags or inspect the top of the truck.

3.6.3 BULK LOADING AND UNLOADING

Signboards and physical devices shall be installed to guide truck movement to the platform.
Warning signs shall be posted at the truck loading area explaining the potential hazards.
Safe access shall be provided to reach the top of the trailer.
In case of retracting lifelines, it shall be possible for the operators to connect to the lifeline at ground level
and be protected from fall, while climbing as well as while working, on top of the trailer.

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The following views are examples of this safety equipment:

Permanently installed multi-span horizontal lifeline system as given below provides continuous fall protection
or fall prevention to any worker requiring horizontal mobility over the truck.

Movable access platforms enables the operator to open and close the truck hatches in safe conditions; the
following sketches show the principle of such a movable platform.

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(UP Position)

Spring loaded cantilevered Guard rails

access platform integral with
hinged
cantilevered
access
platform or fixed
in position

Safe Access for the operator

(DOWN Position)

3.7 LABORATORY
A fume hood (or cupboard) fixed with laminated safety glass shall be supplied for the purpose of acid-
digestion and wet-chemistry works. All exhaust air shall be vented directly into the atmosphere (not mixed
into the building ventilation system).

Solvents, chemicals and fuels shall be stored in a separate building, adequately ventilated, and with spillage
containment. It shall be located in a safe area and constructed of fire-resistant materials. It shall be
connected to a fire detection system with an alarm reported into the main CCR or security room.

3.8 BAG HOUSE REVERSE AIR AND PULSE JET TYPE

- All doors giving access to areas requiring on-line maintenance and inspections shall be equipped
with positive safety locking device.
- If a multi-compartment filter is selected, and online maintenance is foreseen, each compartment shall
be isolated by an inlet and an outlet damper.

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3.9 LIQUID AND GAS STORAGE & HANDLING

3.9.1 PIPING
All piping shall be colour coded. For Greenfield projects where no other norm applies the French norm will
apply

3.9.2 STORAGE
This document does not describe requirements for tanks that are ancillary to equipment such as transformers
and hydraulic oil tanks.
National regulation must be followed for the storage tanks and its handling system, based on the size and
use of the tank. In addition the below minimum safety requirements need to be considered for their
installation.

Minimum Distance from Property Lines / Buildings

Fuel tanks must be at least 6m from a building or property line.

Vent pipes
The vent pipe should be located at a minimum distance of 5m from any electrical equipment, sparkling
potential emission or hot temperature source.

Earthing:
Tanks containing flammables shall be properly earthed

Warning plates
Sufficient signboards should be displayed around the installation to reinforce the safety aspects.

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4 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

4.1 PREAMBULE

Electric current has always been regarded as dangerous stuff and has therefore been fenced in by strict
rules to improve safety.

It is important that those who are placed in charge of work in the electrical field should also be aware of rules
on human safety, plant safety and electrical competence and that these rules be catered for at the stage of
determining organisational arrangements.

The risks with electrical equipments are:

- direct/indirect contact
- arcing, explosion, heat
- fire as a risk factor
- operating voltage and mains type

The most important factors from human safety point of view are:
- enclosure classes
- short tripping times
- de-energisation checks
- earthing
- safety switches
- arc monitors
- lock-out/tag-out facilities

The following chapters purpose is to define the minimum human safety requirements for the design
engineering.
Responsibility for the design and testing of installations falls within the requirements concerning electrical
competence, means use the right person having the appropriate skills.

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4.2 PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IN ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION

Each Electrical Sub Stations shall be equipped with Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) as shown on the
following sketch:

PPE include the following but not limited: must comply with the local regulation:

2 boxes with insulation gloves

Gloves
(conform to IEC 60903 standard)

1 MV insulating stool/platform

Insulating mats on front and back electrical

panels

1voltage tester up to MV 1 MV rescue insulated

stick/perch

2 earthing equipment set (1 LV & 1 MV)

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4.3 APPLICABLE STANDARD

All electrical equipment shall meet IEC standards (International Electrotechnic Code) requirements, which
has been established by medical and engineering experts of all countries in the world comparing their
experience at an international level.
Equipment testing procedure must comply with the IEC standards.

Moreover, in most countries, electrical installations shall comply with more than one set of regulations, issued
by National Authorities or by recognized private bodies. It is essential to take into account these local
constraints before starting the design.

4.4 POWER AND AUXILIARY VOLTAGES

The following power voltages shall meet for:
- medium voltage: neutral earthed through a resistor, fault current limited to 50A, 5s.
-low voltage: neutral solidly earthed (TNS), not distributed
- lighting, power outlets: neutral solidly earthed

The following auxiliary voltages shall be considered:

230 V AC normal: Contactor coils, solenoid valves, small power anti-condensation
(neutral solidly earthed) heaters
230 V AC from UPS: Control system devices, circuit breakers' rearming motors,
(neutral solidly earthed) weighing systems
24 V DC from UPS and redundant regulated Control system Input/Output circuits, MV control, transducers and
rectifier transmitters (2 wires), auxiliary relays, signaling lamps or LEDS.
(minus pole earthed)

4.5 DEGREE OF PROTECTION OF THE EQUIPMENT

The following class of protection of the electrical equipment shall be considered:

MV Swithchboard IP 31
MV Drives IP 21
MV Motors IP 44
Rotor Starters tank / cabinet IP 32 / IP 44
MV Capacitors bank - indoor IP 31
LV Switchboards: MCC & PCC - door close / open IP 31 / IP 20
Other LV cabinet indoor / outdoor IP 31 / IP 44
LV Drives - indoor IP 31
LV Motors IP 44
Diesel Generator Set (Alternator-class F) - outdoor / indoor IP 44 / IP 31
Lighting fixtures IP 44
Visible Cut-Off Switches IP 44

In area where there is a risk of explosion such as coal mill shop (see chapter 3.3) and storage facilities or
flammable product handling and storage facilities:
classification of Hazardous zone applicable shall be formally carried out to determine the degree of
protection for the electrical equipment in the area.
Intrisincally safe electrical equipments will be installed in accordance with zone classification to meet
the applicable regulation.

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4.6 NOISE LEVEL

The sound pressure level in dB(A) (decibel acoustic) shall comply:

- for the small motors

The sound pressure at 1meter when motor is at no-load shall be limited to following values:

Rated power (kW) P < 11 11 P < 75 75 P < 160

Motor with 4 poles 70 dB(A) 75 dB(A) 80 dB(A)

- for the large motors

The sound pressure at 1meter when motor is at no-load shall be limited to following values:

Rated power (kW) 160 P < 500 500 P < 1000 1000 P < 2500 P > 2500
Sound pressure (dB) 80dB(A) 83dB(A) 86dB(A) 90dB(A)

- for the variable speed drive (converter + cabinet)

The sound pressure emitted by the frequency converter and its cabinet shall not exceed
80 dB(A) with the VSD at full load with all auxiliaries in operation, measured at 1 meter distance, and 1 m
eter above the ground with cabinets doors closed.

- for distribution transformer (MV/LV)

Sound pressure shall be limited to 60 dB(A) at 1meter.

- for power incoming transformer (HV/LV)

Sound pressure shall be limited to 80 dB(A) at 1meter when the transformer is energised at its rated
voltage with all auxiliaries (cooling equipment) in operation.

4.7 INTERLOCKING SYSTEM

A key interlock shall be provided for the HV & MV Switchgear, HV/MV & MV/LV transformer and the Incoming
PCC or MCC LV Switchgear.

Note: this means in principle, access to medium voltage and low voltage bushings of each transformer is
interlocked with the position of the MV cubicle earthing isolator and with the position of the LV circuit breaker.
If such interlock does not exist, the transformer room shall be equipped with a door locked when the MV
earthing isolator is not closed or the LV circuit breaker not open. This is similar for the HV/MV transformers.
4.8 MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR
The MV switchboards shall be modular and shop prefabricated metal clad with arc flash protection and
interlocking type as defined in IEC 60298 standard.
Metal clad means the switchgear shall comprise 4 fully self contained compartments:
control compartment
circuit-breaker compartment
busbar compartment
cable compartment

Interlocking means the cubicle integrates the different interlocking to prevent incorrect operation by the
operator:
access to cable compartment
rack in and out
operate the earthing switch
open the CB (circuit breaker) door

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Arc flash protection means the cubicle shall be design to eliminate & minimize as much as possible arc-flash
burn & arc-blast impacts.
An electrical arc-flash can occur if a conductive object gets too close to a high amp current source or by
equipment failure (for instance, while opening or closing disconnects). The arc can heat the air to
temperatures as high as 19 500C/35 000F, and vaporize metal in the equipment. The arc flash can cause
severe skin burns by direct heat exposure and by igniting clothing.
Arc-blast impacts. The heating of the air and vaporization of metal creates a pressure wave that can
damage hearing and cause memory loss (from confusion) and other injuries. Flying metal parts are also
hazard.

The front door and covers shall be reinforced to ensure the personnels safety (according to the 6 criteria of
IEC standard).
The necessary mechanical and key interlocks shall be provided for equipment and personnel safety. The
shutters shall be lockable with padlock.

4.9 MEDIUM VOLTAGE T RANSFORMER

The MV & LV terminals shall be protected to avoid contacts with live parts (cover or plug in terminals on MV
side with interlock with medium voltage protection cell and covers on LV terminals).

4.10 LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION BOARDS

Low voltage distribution boards must be minimum form 2A (separation of busbars from the functional units)
according to IEC 60439 standard, and type tested in line with the 7 standard test requirements as defined by
IEC Standard 60439:
- temperature rise
- dielectric properties
- short-circuit withstand strength
- effectiveness of the protection circuit
- clearance and creepage distance
- mechanical operation
- degree of protection

Draw-out type W and 3b form according to IEC 439-1 standard is preferred where economically achievable.

4.11 EARTHING, LIGHTNING

Lightning Protection:
Lightning protection resistance shall be designed to be less than 10 Ohm.
The lightning protection shall be provided in order to cover all buildings of the cement plant.
All ionising bars on masts of suitable height, the copper ribbon down leads with the whole fastening and
protection material, the triangular crossbracing type earth connections to lead the current to the ground

Earthing:
Earthing grid resistance shall be designed to be less than 1 Ohm for the Main Incoming Substation and less
than 4 Ohms for all other substations and construction must follow the sketches hereafter (IEEE Standart
142-1991-Recommended practice for grounding).

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4.12 LIGHTING, POWER O UTLETS

Lighting:
Normal lighting will originate from the normal plant power supply (switched off during stand-by generator
operation)
Back-up/Emergency lighting: kept in operation during stand-by emergency diesel generator operation
Safety lighting: safety blocks on battery will be single or double-faced, ceiling and/or wall mounted and will
be supplied with individual batteries power. Location will be emergency exit door, stairways and pathways.
Aviation warning light(s) shall be installed at the higher point(s) of the plant.

Power Outlets:
Welding outlets (3 phase + E, 63A/400V), at least two per workshop. These power outlets should be located
as to limit the maximum welding cable length to 30 m. Each power outlet shall be equipped with an on-load
power switch, a mechanical interlock preventing from removing the plug when the power switch is not off
and a dust / watertight cover to protect the outlet when the plug is not in.
Common purpose outlets (1-phase+N+E, 16A/230V and 1-phase+N with 24V safety transformer). At least
one per workshop level.
Note: The type of the power outlets will depend upon the country and shall be submitted to the Owners
approval. Each circuit, means each power outlets circuit except for voltage lower than 50 Volt CA, shall
be protected with a differential circuit breaker of high sensitivity type
(30 mA).

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4.13 CABLING
A detailed protection and selectivity study coordination type 2 of the whole MV&LV distribution network
shall be done.
Selectivity means that series connected overcurrent protection should operate successfully during short-
circuit and earth faults and isolate as small part of the system as possible. (Also known as Coordination of
overcurrent devices or Relay coordination).

For LV distribution network the protection must satisfy two criteria:

coordination between the circuit breaker, contactor and thermal relay in the event of an electrical fault.
The different devices must not be damaged or subject to only known and acceptable damage. Standard
IEC 60947-4 regulates this coordination.
coordination between the protection and control assembly and the upstream distribution protective
devices. The objective of this coordination is to ensure the best combination of safety and continuity of
service through current limiting, cascading and discrimination technique. The coordination shall follow
the type 2, accordingly the standard IEC 60947-4. Type 2: only minor welding of the contactor or starter
contacts is permissible and the contacts must be easily separated. Following type 2- coordination tests,
the switchgear and control gear functions must be fully operational.

Cabling marking:
Cables colors shall be as follow or as per country regulation:
Red for high voltage and medium voltage cables
Black for low voltage 3 phase power cables
Light Grey for low voltage 1 phase power cables
white for control, analog and other small current carrying cables

labels installation shall be:

located at both ends of each cables, and every 25 to 30 meters when installed on cables trays
labels shall be made of stainless metal or plastic material with indications engraved or indelibly marked
labels shall be fixed to the cables with rilsan collars

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4.14 VISIBLE CUT-OFF SWITCHES

A VCS shall be installed close to each LV motor (consider 2 meters distance as a maximum) including: belt
conveyors, bucket elevators, weighfeeders, bag filters (fan, rotary feeder, screw conveyor), compressors,
blowers, gantry crane (each motor), packing line.
Its metal box shall contain a rotating visible cut-off switch connected on the feeder between the MCC and the
motor. It shall be possible to lock this switch in open position with up to 3 padlocks.

This box shall also contain push buttons for starting and stopping the motor in local control mode (for
maintenance purpose).

For bucket elevators with a height >50m, a VCS shall be installed for main drive and for inching drive, at the
top and the bottom of the elevator, that is 4VCS.
For all bucket elevators equipped with an inching drive, when there is no visual contact between the VCS of
the inching drive (installed close to the motor) and the door used for buckets maintenance, a second inching
drive VCS will be installed close to this door.

For belt conveyors of length>200m , a VCS shall be installed at each end (head + tail) that is 2 VCS.

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4.15 EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN PUSH BUTTONS

To prevent accidents during work on installations, emergency stop devices shall be designed and positioned
so that people coming dangerously near to areas of risk or putting themselves in a risk situation apply the
devices unconsciously.
Emergency stop devices for machines should be designed and installed so that:
- operating them switches off dangerous machine functions and prevents their restart
- danger is eliminated before the area of risk is reached or harm caused, and
- restarting after stoppages caused by emergency stop devices cannot be caused automatically
by ceasing to operate the device, if this might cause danger.

In Lafarge Cement Plant, the emergency shut-down circuits shall be installed as follows.
Each of them shall operate on the fail safe mode, which means that each repeat relay shall be energized in
normal condition and be tripped in case of emergency condition. These relays shall be of safety type.

Individual emergency shut-down (ESD)

There shall be an ESD facility on each motor (fixed speed or variable speed); triggered:
By the lever of the visible cut-off switch of LV motors
By a red mushroom PB on the local control box of MV motors
By a red mushroom PB on the VSD cabinet
By a switch triggered by a pull rope for belt conveyors.
The action of each ESD shall be individually signalled by an alarm in the CCR.
Repeat relays shall be installed respectively in each MCC , in each MV switchboard and in each VSD
cabinet

Departmental shut-down (DESD)

There shall be a DESD facility on each department which stops each motor of this department whatever
is the motor (LV, MV, VSD, including packages).
Each DESD shall be be triggered by any red mushroom PB located in the department area (at least
3 push-buttons per floor).
The action of each DESD PB shall be individually signalled by an alarm in the CCR.
Repeat relays (of safety type) shall be installed in corresponding ACCs.

Medium Voltage shut-down (MVESD)

There shall be a MVESD facility on each MV switchboard which will deenergise this MV switchboard by
tripping its feeder in the main MV.
Each MVESD shall be triggered by any red mushroom PB located:
On the incomer of this switchboard.
In the departmental substation electrical room, close to the access door and to the emergency exit.
Out of the departmental substation, close to the access doors to the transformer rooms (MV/LV).
In the CCR, on a dedicated panel.
Repeat relays shall be installed in MV switchboards incoming cubicle.

The following diagram show you the emergency shut downs in a department.

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E m ergency shut-dow ns in a departm ent

D epartm ent substation electrical room

A uxiliary Con trol C entre (A CC)
( a lso know n as A uxilia ry Voltage B oard )
24 V DC 230 V A C (Norm al or UP S )

M V E m ergency D epartm ent Em ergency

Shut-Down (M VES D) S hut-Down (D ESD)

M V ES D DE SD
DE SD
M V ESD

M CC or P CC LV

M V S witchboard
Door 1 M VE SD
Trip coil
Door 2
M
VSD "cabinet"
Sub Control
DE SD P ackage LV
Trip coil
Alarm (P CS) DE SD D ES D
Dep artm ent
Substation
Transform er room

M M M
Alarm (P CS) Note:
C CR Field -This diagram does not include the individual
equipm ent shut-downs : these are developped
(departm ent) in specifications m entioned above
Legend:
-VSD :m eans Variable S peed Drive
-PCS : m eans Process C ontrol System
-CCR :m eans C entral Control Room
Alarm (P CS) -M CC: m eans M otor C ontrol Centre
-UPS :m eans Uninteruptible P ow er Supply
-PCC : m eans P ower Control Centre

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4.16 WARNING SIREN CUM FLASHER

Warning siren and flasher shall be installed in each section or department: it is used to notify the personal
into the section or department of the start of the main process equipment.
Bipper and flasher shall be installed on all mobile equipment (stacker, reclaimer, overhead crane): this bipper
will be active just before and during any longitudinal movement.

4.17 ELECTRICAL ROOM & SUBSTATION

In order to protect the personnel during electrical operation, it is required to have adequate maintenance
access place/space.
This shall allow the operator(s) to open and close the electrical equipment in a safe manner.

All the electrical equipment such as MV Switchboard, MV VSD cabinet, MV capacitor bank, PCC, MCC, ACC
(auxiliary voltage board), UPS, weighfeeder cabinets, etc shall be installed by respecting a minimum distance
between the equipments and/or walls, as indicated in the country/local regulation.

For the transformer bays a minimum distance shall be respected between the transformer and the walls as
indicated in the country/local regulation.

In the event there is no local regulation, the distance between:

two electrical equipments shall be 1500 mm,
an electrical equipment and a wall shall be 1700 mm
the distribution transformer and the wall & door gate shall be 800 mm

Electrical rooms and transformer rooms, staff access:

- Staff will access the electrical room through an airlock. Both airlock doors shall open towards outside and
shall be equipped with antipanic bars at inside. This outside door shall be equipped with a lock.
- The transformer rooms shall be equipped with staff access doors identical to these ones described for
electrical rooms.
Note: a common key (pass key) shall make authorized people able to open any door of any substation or
transformer room on the site (Master Key system). Locks shall be of dust resisting type.
This common key shall be given only to the right electrical persons having the appropriate skills.

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4.18 ELECTRICAL T EMPORARY INSTALLATION

It is very important that temporary installations are inspected at regular intervals and that the greatest
possible care is taken to use first-class equipment, to avoid any botching of connections and to check that
protective earthing is properly connected;
It is also important that electrical central units have the right forms of protection (degree of protection: IP xx)
and that electrical equipment and cables systems are protected from mechanical damage. Connection
devices shall be conforming to the IEC 60309 system.

The system for IEC connection devices for operating voltages over 50V includes each individual off take
being only usable for a certain specific type of current, voltage and frequency.

Temporary installations that have a system voltage of not more than 1000V and are set up in the open air or
in spaces not presenting any fire or explosion hazard are governed by applicable provisions of IEC 60439.
Other temporary installations are governed, where applicable, by the same regulations as permanent
installations with regard to:
- design of installation
- protective earthing of exposed items
- movable protective transformers and intermediate transformers for protective purposes
- transportable generator units
- lines
- connection devices
- tripping conditions
- care and maintenance of installation

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