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HomeDocumentsEstimate Guidelines

COST ESTIMATE GUIDELINES AND REFERENCESHow to Avoid Bidding ErrorsA. Read thoroughly
plans, specifications, and general conditions of contract, addendums, and invitation to bid. Study carefully the
following terms and conditions.1. Bid bond 5% to 10% Cash or managers check2. Time of completion
number of working days or calendar days3. Performance bond all risk insurance 10% to 20% of contract.a.
Work Guarantee Bond 20% to 30% of contract4. Construction Bond for Residential Subdivision
Requirements5. City Tax or Contractors Tax6. Contractors insurance Verify approved insurance company7.
Liquidated damages for 1% of 10% of bid8. Price Escalation/ Time Extension9. Revisions, changes, extra
works10. Last minute addendums, bid bulletins, time and date of the bid submission11. Owner-supplied
materials12. Terms of Payments Check Dpayments13. Permits Construction Permits (Architectural,
Structural, Plumbing, Mechanical & ElectricalOccupancy Permits Demolition & sidewalk Permits
City tax new codes14. Building Code Requirements/Boundaries 1

B. Look for confusing requirements or any discrepancies in plans and specifications. Refer to architect and
owner in writing ( black & white)C. Look for notations on plans general scope of work, changes,
alterations, impossible requirements, Building code requirementsD. Evaluate & study carefully specifications1.
Make list of trades, brand, type that can fulfill the contract2. Subdivide each trade list if needed3. Ask
quotations from subcontractors4. Electrical, plumbing and mechanical if required. Make sure you know the
subcontractor suppose to quote on you. Set forms to avoid gaps and mistakes E. Set procedures for preparing
bids1. Plan the bid like a project with checklist, target date and project checklist2. Check if bid required
itemized cost breakdown/ unit cost of materials. F. Check and double check take-off estimate. It might
have been overlooked. Spot check subcontractor proposals if complete. Take note of scope of works. Verify
items not included, unit cost of materials.G. Site inspections Verify thoroughly the following conditions.1.
Existing facilities to be demolished wood, concrete steel.2. Hauling In/ Out of matls Disposal of debris.
Location. Tools and Equipment to be Used3. Sources of Materials Verify materials unit cost of nearby
suppliers. Major materials from existing supplier and minor materials from new supplier. Verify terms of
payment. Prepare materials checklist. Always check Current Cost of materials, prepare checklist.2

4. Geographical conditions of site. Slopes, verify on plans, if backfilling is required. Check if adobe, soil of
backfill. Note depth of excavation requires. Hauling in/out of backfilling, Dumping of debris from site.5. Ideal
location of bunkhouse, temporary warehouse or storage. Temporary utilities. Dumping of materials to
site must not have conflict with the layout of proposed building.6. Sources of manpower, technical expertise,
tools and equipment7. Temporary facilities- power, water, telephone8. Future tapping of the following:- Power-
Water- Telephones- Sewer and DrainageVerify if in conformity with the plans. Check utility company
requirements. Project Study. Roads, sidewalks to be demolished. Permits and payments.Deposits c/o
OwnerH. Use the RULE OF THUMB method. Check the most contentious items of bid. Recheck
addition of subcontractors.I. Analyze the bid even if it is not successful. Update cost of materials.
Check file records and other historical data. Get result of bidding and prepare feedback for future
references.J. Major error in bid. Determine whether or not to continue work on the project. Determine if you
are willing to live with the error. Know the bid of other contractor.K. Take note of indirect cost, VAT and
other government taxes and requirements. Subdivision requirements, construction bonds, insurance, city
tax, performance bond.3

L. You may wish to withdraw the bid.Reminders before EstimatingA. Read first plans, specifications and
general conditions of contract to familiarize yourself with the general scope of works.B. Spot check
nebulous requirements if available in local market. Verify if imported, suppliers, type of materialsC. Rough
estimate to try. It must be 30-50% of what might be the ultimate cost.D. Preliminary estimate. Unit cost
obtained from past project. Recheck verify current unit cost.E. Always use the rule of thumb in the final
estimateF. RE-check your estimate. Let someone do it. Spot check multiplications and additions of
subtotalG. Ask for quotations of suppliers or subcontractors of specialty worksH. Use different techniques in
estimate1. By volume method2. BY area method sq. m.3. By direct countBe systematic. Breakdown
estimate or use the area method. Schedule organized breakdown.I. Begin estimate with fresh mind.
Difficult items first, easy items like addition of total cost can be done when you are tiredJ. Always use your
imagination, observation, take note of items lacking or errors in plans and specifications. Do not leave
items. Immediately look for unforeseen requirements before continuing to other portion.4
Estimate ChecklistA. Site Development/General Requirements1. Mobilization/Temporary facilitiesa. Temporary
Fence Total linear meter Sawali 4 x 5 or GI sheets Coco lumber 2x3/2x4 C.W. nails Check if
corr. GI sheet temp. fence2. ID / Uniforms/ Biodatas3. Workers Quarters Verify number of workersa.
Temporary Field Office Plywood 2 x 4 lumbers Roofing G.I. sheets or Lona 20 x 40 Emergency
Kit Drums Tools and Equipment b. Temporary Power, Water and Telephone Cost of utilities
during construction. Contractor or OwnerB.1 Checklist Temporary Power (Residential Only) Description Qty
Unit Unit CostRSC pipe x 10 1 PieceEntrance Cup 1 PieceRSC Conduit NippleSafety Switch 60 A 2p
1dia 1 SetTHW wire # 12 (5.5 mm) 1 RollElectric Tape (big) 1 RollOne way switch 2 PieceDuplex
Convenience Outlet 2 Piece5
Fluorescent 40 w 2 PieceMeter base 1 Set4 X 4 X 8 coco lumber or equal1 Piece B.2 Temporary
Toilet/Waterlines/SewerDescription Qty Unit Unit CostPVC pipe 3 x 102 PiecesPVC wye 3 x 3 3
PiecesPVC bend 4 PiecesPVC bend 2 PiecesPVC Cement 100 cc 1 QrtG.I. pipe x 20 2 PiecesG.I. tee 4
PiecesG.I. Elbow 4 PiecesTaplon Tape 3 RollsFlush Type Water Closet 1 SetDrums 3 SetWater Hose x 15
lmB.3 Checklist of tools and equipment to be used Concrete Mixer (1 bugger) Bar Cutter/Circular Cutter
or Hacksaw Blade Shovel Pick Mattock Leveling Hose Bareta/Pointed bar Angle Grinder
Vibrator Compactor Plastic ContainerB.4 Manpower Transportation/Cash Advance for MobilizationB.5
Temporary Bunkhouse for Workers and Storage of MaterialsB. Siteworks1. Demolition of Existing Structure2.
Hauling out/in6
Verify the following:a. Slab, beams, footing, etc.b. Materials that can be utilized wood/steel/doors/etc.c.
Hauling out of usable materials and debris (labor+delivery charges) location of disposald. Storage of
usable materials 3. Clearing and Grubbing 3.00 m around building a. Uprooting of trees and shrubsb. Soil
stripping if required4. Sheet Piling Verify adjacent existing structuresa. Near creek, beside high-rise building,
etcb. Piles to be used Concrete pre-cast, steel or apitong lumber 2 x 10 x 12 for property walls 5.
Verification of monuments, lot boundaries, slopes and topographical conditions. Prepare fixed reference
above the street level, building elevations.- Check if soil test is required for 4 storey buildings up.6.
Excavationa. Manuallyb. By machine Calculate number of hours requiredVerify Soil
Conditions7.Earthfill/Backfilling worksDescription Qty Unit Unit CostSoil Cu.m. 150Adobe Cu.m. 2007
a. Backfill Excavated portion of footing, wall footingb. Earthfill Slope of existing lot Elevations of
Proposed finished flooring from street line or other reference point.c. Type of filling materials Dump truck Or
Ten Wheeler Truckd. Tamping by Manual or MachineFormula: LOOSE VOLUME or VL =Length x
Width x DepthCompact Volume in Place or VC = VL + 25%Hauling In of Backfill Materials* Depending on the
type of Backfill escombro, soil, and lastillas?8. Gravel Fill a. 0.05 m thickness below slab on fill and
footingb. G.I. gravel or gravelTOTAL AREA OF SLAB = Length x Width x .05 m = Total Volume of
Gravel Fill 9. Soil Poisoning For application before pouring of footing and slaba. Type of Soil Poison
Lentrex/Chlordane or F3D14 Description Qty Unit Unit CostEscombro T/L*Banday Banda or Lastillas
T/L*Garden Soil for landscape/ Ordinary soilDescription Capacity (soil)Unit Unit Cost6 wheeler truck 4-6
cu.m T/L10 wheeler or dump truck12-16 cu.m T/LDescription Capacity (soil)Unit Unit Cost6 wheeler truck
4-6 cu.m Per cu.m.10 wheeler or dump truck12-16 cu.m8
10. Polyethylene Sheet under slab on fill for Ground floor S lab0.006 Thickness Polyethylene sheet
approximately 9 kgs/sq.m. Specially for narra parquet and vinyl tile floor finishReference Checklist:
Foundationa. Soil Bearing Capacity1,500 2,000 psf (pounds per sq. ft.) Most commonly used
assumptions at city engineers office3,000 to 4,000 psf - if adobe or hard soil depending on soil test
done by geotechnical Engineers b. Soil Test For high rise building (Boring Test)Cost P15,000
P20,000.00 per hole depending on the requirement of structural engineerc. Seismic Analysis if required
11. Other Outside Building Development Checklista. Fence Verify height and total lengthb. Special Fence
for Slope Area shear wall with perforated pipes ( verify detail)c. Concrete curb and gutter, roads,
walk, sidewalk d. Parking Areae. Rip rapping if requiredf. Water Tank/Genset Rooms/other base foundationsg.
Landscaping 9
Note: Provide during construction permanent benchmark for elevation references.C. Concreting
WorksChecklist check strength required2,500 psi slab on fill3,500psi to 4000 psi for footing/
column/beam/slab/residential for high rise building1. Manual or concrete mixer Actual Site conditions if 2
storey building2. Ready Mixed Concrete for high rise buildinga. Interval of Delivery of Truck - 30 to 45
minutesb. Capacity of One truck 4 to 6 cu. mts.c. Retarder or additives fast curing if requiredd. Verification of
scaffolding work before pouring-safety precautions e. Dumping of excess cement if necessaryf. Emergency
Scaffolding/tools and equipment Checklist of Concrete Works for Estimatea. Footing, wall footing, footing tie
beamb. Columns per floor schedulec. Last Floor to roof or deckd. Shear Walls e. Concrete stairsf. Floor Beams
and Girder per floorg. Suspended slabh. Parapet walls and canopyi. Elevator shaftj. Slab on fill (includes
driveways and walksk. Cistern Tank and Septic tank10
l. Kitchen and Lavatory counterm. Lintel beam for doors and windowsn. Electrical and Plumbing lines
embedded in concrete, pullboxes and catch basinso. Concrete Curb and gutterp. Fence/electric postq. Others as
per plan- Computations shall be scheduled systematically to above items not included in the estimate.
Itemized per floor-Volume = Length x Width x DepthNote : To include all portion below natural grade line
(footing, column, walls, etc.. depth)Estimate References for Concrete WorksRatio : 1 part cement 2 part
sand 3-part gravelCompressive Strength of Concrete = Fc Psi- Pounds per square inchClass Fc@28
days Ratio Cement Sand GravelAAA 4000 psi (281 kgs/sq.cm) - ready mixed concrete1:2:3 11 bags .40 m
3.40 m 3AA 3,500 psi (special) 1:2:4 10 bags .41 m 3.82 m 3A 3000 psi(regular 211 kgs/sq.cm.)1:2:4 9
bags .42 m 3.84 m 3B 2,500 psi (176 kgs/sq.cm) 1:2 :5 8 bags .44 m 3.87 m 311
For estimate use.50 m 31.0 m 3Example :3,000 psi = Total Volume ( Concrete per computations) = 35
cu.mCement = 35.00 m3 x 9.0 m3= 315 = 315 bagsSand = 35.00 m3 x .42 m3= 14.7 = 15 m3Gravel =
35.00 m3 x .84 m3= 29.40 = 29.40 m3Note: Use only Local Brand Cement Portland cementBrand :
Dragon, Northern Cement, and Island CementGet one (1) concrete sample for every 10.00 cu. mts. of concrete
during pouring of concrete on 12 concrete cylinder for testing of strength as required for occupancy
permit.Capacity of Truck1 bag of cement = 1 cubic footNote: pump cute interval of delivery of concrete every
30 min. capacity of truck 4 6.00mCementGravel/ SandS-1 - for concreting worksWhite Sand - for
plastering/toppingConcrete MixedDescription Capacity (bags) Cost6 wheeler truck 100-200 bags10 wheeler or
dump truck 500 bagsDescription Capacity Unit Cost6 wheeler truck 2-4 m310 wheeler or dump truck 12-14
m312
For one bag of Cement = 40 kgs (weight)GravelG 1 to 1 gravel for foundationsSlab on fill gravel
3/8 to 3/14 for all structural members verify if crushed gravel or washed gravelD. Formworks1.
Estimate form lumber using 2x3/2x4/2x6 coco lumber per total volume of concrete to be used. Estimate first
total concrete volume as per guidelines.Coco lumber supplier to order coconut bark, avoid lumber at center2 x
3/2x4 - for vertical lateral ties and braces2 x 6 - for beam support and footingcost of coco lumber 12.5
to15.50 per bd. Ft.(jan 06)2. Normal coco lumber requirements150 board feet per cubic meter of concrete1
truckload of coco lumber Elf, -1,800 to 2,500 bd. Ft.Ten-wheeler -4,000 to 5,000 bd. Ft.Cost of cocol umber
6.50 to 7.50 per board foot3. Assorted C.W. NailsC.W. nails 1 C.W. nails 2C.W. nails 3C.W. nails 4For
scaffoldingsCommercial Sizes1 box = 20-25 kgs (small)1 box = 30-38 kgs ( large)13
Estimate Guide : 1 kilo per 50 board foot or lumber QTY = Total board foot / 50 = N o s. of kilos
/ 25 = No. of box50 bd. Ft. 25 or 38 kgs/box4. Concrete Nails 3 & 4 for CHB filing guide, concrete
walls ceiling joist and cabinet frames. Quantity depends on the actual requirementsNAILS CHARTCW Nails
Pieces per kilo Usage2D 1 1,680 pcs Forms Plywood4D 1 705 pcs Forms plywood6D 2 380 pcs T & G
flooring8D 2 260 pcs Ceiling joist10 D 3 120 pcs Trusses/Rafters20 D 4 55 pcs Floor JoistFinishing
nailsSize Usage1 ceiling1 T & G flooring2 Cabinet frames5. PLYWOOD - Use 3/8 to plywood.
Normal market/commercialize of is too thinSolve for Contact Surfaces. Columns/Beams/slabs as per plan.
See checklist for concrete works.Column Example: 4 sides or Perimeter(.20 + .20 + .40 + .40) x height =
sq.m.Beam Example 3 sides(.15 + .40 + .15) x height = sq.m. Slab = Length x Width = Sq.m.Summarize all
required formworksTotal Contact Surface in Sq. Mts. = Nos. of Pieces 14area required for
formsaarea required for formsa
2.88 or 1.20 x 2.42 Plywood Size of Plywood Required Note : Check if you can use it again if building is
large. Small buildings assume as per estimate. Formoil Normally to use USED oil Quantity approximate; 1
ltr. per 15 sq. mts.If steel scaffolding is to be used check rental per day of steel accessories. Verify to
supplier.Note : For residential, use good lumber for scaffolding, to be used later for rafters, purlins, ceiling joist,
etc.E. Steel Reinforcement/BarsSteel forms rental per piece /day. As per plan REBARS
DESIGNATIONAmerican Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)Philippine StandardYield Point
StrengthTensile StrengthUsageKgs/ mm2Psi Kgs/ mm2PsiStructural Grade Grade 23024.452 33,000 39.77
55,000 For residential onlyIntermediate Grade (Grade 40)Grade 27528.042 40,000 48.95 70,000 Depend on
structural designGrade 60 Grade 41041.80 60,000 63.22 90,000 For high-rise buildingStandard Length of
BarsFeet Meter Most commonly used available in hardware 6.00m20 6.00 m Special Length, per order
to supplier26 7.50 m30 9.00 m35 10.50 m40 12.00 m15
20 (6.00m) 9mmd, 10mmd, 12mmd20 and above 16mmd, 20mmd, 25mmdCommercial Sizes of
RebarsNominal Diameters(metric)Designation(English)Unit weight per meter(Kilos per meter)Cross Sectional
area insq Inch8 mm Substandard Commercial Sizes9 mm (2.3 kgs)10 mm (standard) 3/8 # 3 0.616 0.1112 mm
(standard) # 4 0.888 0.1216 mm (standard) 5/8 # 5 1.579 0.3120 mm (standard) # 6 2.466 0.4425 mm
(standard) 1 # 8 3.854 0.7928 mm (standard) 1 1/8 # 9 4.83332 mm (standard) 1 # 10 6.313Example:20 pcs
16 mm dia. X 6.00 bars20 x 1.576 x 6.0 = 189.46 kgs.To get quantity of G.I. wire # 16a. G.I. wire # 16,
through use of Concrete Volume2 kilograms per cu. m. of concrete = NO. OF ROLLS25 30 kilos per roll
(Check commercial weight to supplier)b. Estimate thru Rebars20 kilos of G.I. wire per metric tons1 metric ton
= 10,000 kilos1 kilo of wire = + 53 linear meter1 roll = 35-40 kilograms or current commercial kilos per roll
= 38 kgs/roll c. G.I. wires for CHB walls4 chb - 10 length of tie wires5 or 6 chb - 12 length of tie
wiresSpacing of rebars16
Vertical @ 0.60 m. o.c.Horizontal every third layerGI wires Kilos per sq. mts 0.04 Example : Total
Area of CHB walls 230 m2 x 0.04 = 9.2 kilos, or 10 kilos of G.I. wire # 16 d. Welding Rodse. Rust
Proofingf. Post Tensioning per plan special Construction, quotation per suppliersRebars substitutionSay 12-16
To 20 mm Reinforcement/Rebars DataHow to Determine Bar Splicing LengthType Minimum Splice
Length1. Tension Bars 25 x bar size +150 mm2. Compression Bars 20 x bar size + 150 mmExample : Column
20 mm = 20 x 20 mm + 150 mm Compression = 550 mm or .55 mNO FOOTING SHALL REST
ON FILLING MATERIALSY spacing of bars 1 @ 0.05 2 @ 0.10 3 @ 0.15 rest @ 0.20 m on
centerF. Masonry Works17
Estimating CHB walls4 chb interior chb partition6 chb exterior chb partition for buildings5 chb
exterior chb partition for residential Example : A1 = L X H= SQ. M. GROSS AREAA-1 LESS (A-2+ A-3)=
SQ. M. NET AREAA-1 = 3.0 X 4.0= 12.0 SQ.MA-2 = 1.60 X 1.20 Take note of portion below grade line=
1.68A-3 = 0.80 X 2.10 = 1.92 A-2 + A-3 = 3.60A-1 LESS (A-2 + A-3) = 12.00- 3.60 = 8.40 SQ. M. = NET
TOTAL AREAFORMULAS1 cubic foot 0.0285 cu. mts1 cubic meters 35.28 cu. Feet1 bag of cement 1 cu.
Foot1. CHB FillerRatio 1: 3 or 1 part cement to 3 parts sandCement Sand4 chb 25 pcs. Per bag 0.0855 m3
per bag cement6 chb 20 pieces per bagExample:2,200 pcs. 4 chb = 88 bags cement-----------------------2588
bags x 0.0855 = 7.52: say 8.00 cu. mts. sand 2. CHB PlasteringRatio 1: 2 or 1 part cement to 2 part
sandCement - thk plastering0.50 bags per sq. m.Sand 0.057 cu. mts per bagExample:18
Say, 200 sq. m x 2: both face--------------------------------0.50= 200 bags cement200 x 0.057 = 11.4 says, 12
cu.m.3. CHB Type/ StrengthNLB or non load bearing 400-500 psi Available in local marketLB or Load Bearing
(Jackbuilt), etc. 700-1000 psi Locally available special chbNote : Verify delivery cost within Metro Manila or
outside Metro Manila 4. Floor ToppingMortar Per cu.m . Volume Sand UsageClass A 1:2* 16 bags/cu.m. 0.80
cu.m. For topping, finishing works, tiles, etc.Class B 1:3** 12 bags/ cu.m. 0.89 cu.m For topping over slab to
level flooring after pouring*1:2 Ratio 1 part cement for every 2 part sand** 1:3 Ratio 1 part cement for every 3
part sand 5. Rebars for CHB4 chb 10 mm diameter at every 3rd layer horizontal bars10 mm diameter at 0.80 m
vertical bars6 chb 12 mm diameter at every third layer horizontal bars12 mm diameter at 0.80 m. vertical
barsAssume : 4.25 LM per sq.m. of chbSay : 210 sq.m. x 4.25 lm= 892.50 LM--------------------------- 6.00
m: standard length of bars= 148.75 pieces, 19
say 150 pieces 10 mm dia.x 6.0 m def bars 6. G.I. wire Masonry works Ga # 16Tie Wire 10 to 12 length.
Included in rebars wire computation (see checklist) 7. Firewalls/ Toilets. Floor Toppinga. Requirement for
waterproofingSahara Compound 1 pack per bag of cement for plastering of firewallsb. Plaster Board .
Assume 5 sq. meters per gallons for floor toppingG. Steel Trusses. Verify details as per plan.1. Type of
trussesSteel trussesOpen Web Rigid Frame Built Up2. Checklist for Estimate per Plan. Always verify if roof
framing is correct/ economical. Angular BarsTop and bottom chordsWeb MembersCross
BracingTurnbucklesBaseplate (Thickness)Bolts and nutsSag rodHanger or support for ceiling with
boltsWelding rodOxygen AcetyleneC Purlins 2 x 4/ 2 x 6 1.5 mm thicknessAngular bars for
fascia board connection* Preferable to get quotation from qualified subcontractorWooden Trusses. Checklist
per planTop Chord/ Bottom ChordWeb Members/ Collar Plate/ StrutsWood Plate20
GirtersFascia Board Tanguile KD S4SWood BracesPurlinsMachine Bolts, nuts and washersEaves ventilation
wood slots with US Aluminum ScreenTension Rod and Sag RodsSpecial Trusses Fabricated for Low Cost
Gang nail/OthersTo get board foot of lumberExample:1 pc 2 x 3 x 162 x 3 x 16121 pc 8 bf/pc8 bf5 pcs 2
x 5 x 142 x 5 x 141211.66 bf x 6 pcs58.33 bf6 pcs 1 x 2 x 141.5 x 2 x 14123.50 bf / pc x 6 pcs21
bfConversion FactorsCu.ft x 0.02832 Cu. mts.Bf ft. x 0.0833 Cu. ft.Cu. mts x 35.314 Cu. ft.Cu. ft x 2.8317 x
10-2Cu. mts. H. Roofing WorksOrdinary Corrugated GI sheet Ga.# 16Standard Market Sizes WidthStandard
LengthCorr. GI sheet Ga # 26 x 32 Standard 7 feet-do- 8 feet-do- 9 feet-do- 10 feet-do- 12 feet 0.30 meters
standard overlap21
1 1 . 5 0 0.70 side lapped 2 or 2 corr.= 16.42, say 17 pcs. X 2 side= 34 pieces Ga# 26 x
32 x 10 Corr GI sheet 5.40 m. = 18 2 pcs.- 10 length2. Plain GI sheet Ga. # 26 x 32
x 8 standard. Solve for flashing and counter flashing for firewalls and parapet. Verify actual plan.3. G.I. gutter
Ga. # 26 x 8 -Standard Gutter- Special Gutter ( Spanish type) 4. Ridge Rolls x 85. Valley gutter. Verify if
outside gutter or inside gutter6. Others per plan. To include fascia board for estimate.7. Accessoriesa. GI roof
nails 3 - kilosb. Lead Washer - kilosc. GI washer ( medium or thick)- kilod. GI rivets x 3/16e. GI
strap Ga # 26f. Nicolite Barg. Muriatic Acid22
h. Roof Cement ( Vulcanized)i. Red Oxide or red lead primerj. Silicon SealantFor Color roof Verify type to be
used. Ask for quotation of supplier. Standard Sizes BrochuresType 1 Rib type long span ; most common for
residentialChecklistGa. # 26 (Thickness)Width Lengtha. 0.40 mm X 1.040 m X ___ LM Rib Type roofb. 0.40
mm X 0.610 m X 2.44 S type gutterc. 0.40 mm X 0.610 m X 2.44 V type gutter valleyd. 0.40 mm X 0.610 m
X 2.44 Ridge rolle. 0.40 mm x 0.915 m x 2.44 Capping/FlashingAccessoriesa. Tek Screw (Metal Screw) 12 pcs
per sq mb. Blind Rivetsc. Silicon Sealant Per tubed. Touch Up Painte. Vulcaseal gallonTake note of delivery
charge Around P 2,000.00 2,500 per trip, within Metro Manila or outside Metro ManilaOrder roofing one
month in advance. Delivery is 2 3 weeks after order and payment.Always estimate as per actual plan.
FormulasA2 = c2 b223
B2 = c2 a2 C2 = a2 + b2Roofing by area methoda. Determine total flat area requiredL x W + pitch factor
solve for linear feet requiredRoof pitch Add to total flat area(Height) meters (Percent)0.32 2%0.40 4%0.45
5%0.50 6%0.55 7%0.60 8%0.70 11%0.80 14%0.90 18%1.00 21%b. Verify type of roofing as per plan
Tegula 11.50/m Rib type Banaue type Others per brochures or specifications I. Windows as per
plan1. Verify if the window jambs are required2. Checklist on type of windows to be usedK. Jalousie windows
7/32 thk clear or smoked glass- Verify if operator type- Jalousies with steel grilles or aluminum- Grilles with
or without design normally grilles shall be 10mm square bar (3/8) or 12 mm square bars (1/2) To
compute: L x W= area in m x 10.76 = area in ft24
Jalousie Windows SpecificationsHoover alloy 6063-T-5 Anodized natural Anodized natural color
lever type operator with 7/32 clear glass 4 bladeStandardNo. of bladesSingle controlStandard heightIn
metersWidthMinimum of 0.80 m4 0.3785 0.4666 0.5667 0.6448 0.7339 0.82210 0.91011 1.0012 1.08013
1.17814 1.26615 1.35516 1.44417 1.53318 1.62219 1.71020 1.80021 1.88822 1.97823 1.060Note: verify of
aluminum screen for windows is included in contractL. steel casement windows (casement or awning type)1/8
x 7/8 or T & 2 mild steel section1/8 thick clear or smoked glass12mm square bar grilles with or with out
design or as specifiedaluminum screen if with u frame or detachedA= L x H= area in m x 10.76= ftM.
aluminum frame windows (sliding or fixed)verify if anodized (white), analok (brown) or powder coated25
7/32 or thick glass bronze or clear glass green or blueweather strip vinyl (mohair)N. French type
windows(wood or steel)7/32thick glass hingesspeciallocks and boltsO. Window casing if required on
plans(wood or concrete)P. Other special type windows(local or imported)I. Doors and JambsA1. Door jambs
4 2 x 6 yakal or quijo2. Door casings per plan/ mouldings 1x 5 / 1 x 63. Wood preservatives solignum or
black coal4. Flush type doors 1.3/4 thick or height per plan1. Hollow core ordinary both face2. Hollow core 1
face marine3. Hollow core both face narra4. Hollow core with glass for kitchen5. Narra panel floor solid core 1-
3/4 thick per plan1. Tang. KD panel door solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan6. 1 louver door for toilets tang.
Kd/aluminum, door.7. metal louver door for pump room, electrical etc.8. accordion door1. metal with or with
out plates GA # 142. wooden accordion26
9. aluminum doors1. anodized kawneer finish2. analok finish3. with or with out grilles10. roll-up door1. metal
manually operated/machine operated11. sliding doors/windows per design12. aluminum screen doors13.
metal clad doors14. special doors for vaultsB. Accessories1. 3 x 3 loose butt hinges us or local2. 3 x 3
double action hinges3. door track and hanger set4. lockset per specification-local or imported5. door closer6.
door bumper and stopper7. master keys for buildings 2 sets8. barrel bolts9. foot bolts / head bolts10.
padlocks11. peepholes12. night-latch / privacy lock for toiletsJ. Miscellaneous hardware1. stair nosing- brass or
non slip/ carborandum2. Washington hinges or hettich hinges piano hinges27
3. closet/cabinets, handles and pulls roller catches an magnetic catches4. finishing nails and concrete nails5.
railing for stairsK. Thermal and moisture protection1. vapor barrier polyethylene sheet 4 width - > 7.8 m/kgs.
107.8 kgs. Per roll2. Sahara cement 1 pack per bag of cement for firewall plastering3. ceiling insulation
(thickness to verify)1 roll = 5 x 15mts1. sisalation or aluminum foil2. fiberglass3. styropor boards4. cauling
and sealants5. fireproofing materials1. elastomeric2. membrane3. asphalt (hard) 30kgs. / bagsnote : guarantee 5
to 10 yrs preparation and cleaning of surface before application L. Carpentry worksA. WALLSa. Vertical
& horizontal studs 2x3 / 2x4 S4S b. Plywood panel - per plan ord. Or narrac. Baseboards 1x6 with or without
design d. C.W, Nails 2" and finishing nails 1 " e. Concrete nails 3"I rat proofing PLN GI SHT 1. Ordinary or
narra or marine for ext. 2. Danarra 1 tempered lawanit 28
3. 5-cut KD LBR 4. Wood lattice with design 2.Wooden Post 4"x4" per plan Post strap - 3116 x 1 1/2x
24" 3. Special Walls - CorkboardB. CEILING WORKS1. 2x2 Apitong RO or S4S @ 0140 x0.60 / 140 x 140
Ordinary or treated - Wolmanized tanalized 2. 2x3 / 2x4 Runner 3. Hanger 1/2 " PLN Round bar with thread
and nuts 4. Concrete Nails 5. Exterior Ceiling a. 1x1TANGKDWoodSlats b. 1/4" x 4' Screen wire (welded)c.
1x2 Frame 6. Ceiling niouldings size Per plan Ordinary - 1" to 1 112," to 3" special design 7. False
beam per design8. T and G or S-cut for ceiling 9. Cover lights " - 1/4 plywood Acrylic diffusers .30 x
1.20 / .60 x 1.20 per plan10. Special ceiling design a. Mirror b. architectural Glass c. Acoustic board - T runner
C. FLOORING 1. Wood girter and corbel plates 29
2. Machine bolts with nuts and washer 3. Floor Joist Apitong Ro 4. T and G Flooring a. Sanding of T & 0 b.
Wood Filler and Paints D. CLOSETS & HANGING CABINETS PER DESIGN1. Plywood 2. Hardwares -
drawer slides / handles / hinges 3. Weldwood glue 4. Hanger rod and bracket5. Drawer locks / bolt6. Secret
drawer E. HANGING CABINETS 1. Bar counter per design 2. Kitchen Hanging cabinetF. WOODeN
STAIRS 1. Handrails 3x8 narra or guijo S45 2. Riw 3. Threads 4. Balusters 5. Flat bars and screw G. KITCHEN
COUNTERS PER DESIGN 1. Wood / Concrete a. Frame 2x3 b. Plywood 3/4 c. Cabinet louver door d. Formica
top / Adhesives f. Tiles inside counter white 30
2. Marble/Granite tilesa. Countertop 1 b. Splashboard 4" to 6" A. Area method1. board ft of studs / m @
0.60 m.o.c.b.w.2. 2 x 3 5.38 bf/m3. 2 x 4 - 7.30 bf/mB. wooden partition1. 2 x 3 9 bf/m2. 2 x 4
12bf/mC. ceiling plywood joist1. 2 x 2 @0.60m o.c b.w = 7bf/m2. 2 x 2 @ 0.40 m o.c. b.w.=9bf/mD.
plywood ceiling by sheet method (bf/sheet)@0.60 B.W. @0.60 & 0.40 @0.402x2 12bf/sheet 15bf/sheet 18
bf2x3 18bf/sheet 22bf/sheet 27bf2x4 24bf/sheet 30bf/sheet 36 bfE. T & G flooring / V-cutNos. of
T&G/meter runBf/m1 x 4 12.11 pcs. 13.851 x 6 7.70 pcs. 13.20F.G.H. C. W. nailsUsage Unit Required
kilosSize Kind Floor joist 1000 bf10.354CWNFlooring 1000 bf14.342 fV/H studs 1000 10.43 2 CWN31
bfRafters/Purlins 1000 bf18.384CWNTrusses 1000 bf7.934CWNFacia BD 1000 bf9.572 CWNCeiling joist
1000 bf16.302 CWN1000 bf12.934fPlywood ceiling8 pcs. 1.001fBaseboard 1000 bf6.081 CWNscaffolding
1000 bf25.003CWN4 CWNI. Bolts Wooden columnsbolt length L = w + 2(t) 1Example: L = 4 + 2 (3 ) 1
= 4 + 5 = 9 bolts take note of commercial sizes of lumberJ. TrussesL = thickness of lumber in layer + 132
FLOOR JOIST (WASTE FACTOR & BRIDGING CONSIDERED)Per m methodSpacing @ 0.30 O.C.2 x 6
16.10bf/m2 x 8 21.33bf/m2 x 10 26.73bf/mGirter, corbel; plate by direct countM. Specialty roofing
Verify discount for Archt.A. SHIN YEE METALGA # 0.40 /GA # 0.50mm1. length maximum or 60 feet2.
width = 30 (760mm)3. minimum roof 3%B. accessories1. gutter with design 0.50 x 0.914x_______2. ridge roll
0.40mm x 0.577x________3. ridge wall flushing 0.40m x 0.577m x 3.30m4. end flushing5. End flushing
wall6. counter flushings7. Counter nails8. blinds rivets 1/89. type 17 self drilling screw no. 12x2 (50mm)10.
tek screw #10x1/833
11. wire basket strainer 12. silicon rubber sealant / acrylic paintsC. for walls spandrel1. Rib2. Plain3. V
spandrelN. Downspouts, catch basins, manholes, septic tank and cistern tankA. Downspouts1. 3 or 4 per
plan2. 1/8 x _______PVC bend3. x_______PVC bend4. PVC coupling5. epoxy and PVC cementB. catch
basins/ drainage per plan1. .4 to 10 concrete pipe x1.00 non-reinforced or reinforced2. perforated PVC pipe
for basement walls3. cement4. sand5. gravel6. steel grating if required angular barsC. manholes for electrical
or plumbing *Concreting for embedded electrical and PCBG LinesO. FinishesA. Walls- exterior and
interior1. plain cement finish2. tooled finish (plaster)3. patch on jointsB. synthetic adobe / adobe rubble
finish34
1. with or without shells2. with or with out grooves3. color schemeC. pebble or boracay washout bohol or
ordinary1. white or ordinary cement2. size #5, 10, 15D. anay finish1. with pebbles2. fissured finishE. bricks
tiles finish / cal-tilesF. mactan stone 2x8G. marble tiles 4x8 / 6x12 etc Bulacan or RomblonH. wall tiles
4x8 1. colored or white 4 x 4 2. with or without design 6x6 / 8 x 83. white cement 350 pcs/kilo4.
tile adhesiveI. marble ashlar finish 2x81. flooring per plana. plain cement finish or colored red green cement
1:2 5 m / kilob. marble tiles c. vinyl tiles 1.5mm thick x 1x 1 3.6mm thick x 1x1Adhesive:
gallons per m x 0.042 = gallonsd. stone inlay finish 2 to 3e. wood parquet per design sandingf. mosaic tile 1
x 1g. narra wood planks 1 x 6 to 8 nailers/insulation/c. winnails35
h. floor tiles 4 x 8 class a or class b6 x 6 colored light or darki. terrazzo finish or marble
chips washoutj. others per design2. Ceiling Finishesa. acoustic boards with or without designaluminum T-
runner/if plywood with adhesivesb. 1 x 4 t&gc. S-cut or v-cut finish 1x6d. Acrytex finishe. Mirrorf. False
beams3. FLOOR FINISHES verify specs & Plan4 tiles 86 pcs. Per sq. mwhite cement 0.80 kilo/m or 250
pcs. / kilocement 0.076 bags /mcement tiles:Tiles/m Cement Bag/mSandM/m x 6 x 6 45 pcs, 0.3375
0.0191 x 8 x 8 25 pcs. 0.3400 0.0191 x 10 x 10 16 pcs. 0.3400 0.019Vinyl adhesive x gals /m x 0.042 =
Or 200 pcs. Per gallon =P. Grille worksA. Fence grilles with or with out design to square bars or 1
x flat barsB. gate with mailbox GA # 16 or per designC. window grilles ordinary or pregnant grillesD.
fire escape ladder36
E. air con frames / manhole coverF. open court grilles flat bars and angular barsG. stair railings with designH.
cyclone or interlink wireG.I pipes/ Welding rodI. others per planbrass nosing for stair / screwsQ. Electrical
worksNote : if floor plan has no electrical layoutAssumptionNos. of c.o Nos. of light outletResidential 0.38/m
0.18/mCommercial 0.42/m 0.22/mIndustrial 0.60/m 0.40/m1. Get total nos. of C.O. outlet x unit cost2. Get
total nos. of ceiling outlet x unit costR. Add 30% of 1 & 2 for load center and panel boards1. Add 40% of 2 for
lighting fixtures2. Add 15% of 1 & 2 for wiring devices3. add 12% of 1 & 2 for fire alarm4. add 12% of 1 & 2
for telephone5. add 10% of 1 & 2 for music and paging system6. add 8% of 1 to 8 for miscellaneous and
contingenciesnote: verify MeRalCo / PLDT for tapping 1. Transformer37
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COST ESTIMATE GUIDELINES AND REFERENCES How to Avoid Bidding Errors A. Read thoroughly
plans, specifications, and general conditions of contract, addendums, and invitation to bid. Study carefully the
following terms and conditions. 1. 2. 3. a. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. submission 11. 12. 13. Owner-supplied materials
Terms of Payments Check Dpayments Permits Bid bond 5% to 10% Cash or managers check Time of
completion number of working days or calendar days Performance bond all risk insurance 10% to 20% of
contract. Work Guarantee Bond 20% to 30% of contract Construction Bond for Residential Subdivision
Requirements City Tax or Contractors Tax Contractors insurance Verify approved insurance company
Liquidated damages for 1% of 10% of bid Price Escalation/ Time Extension Revisions, changes, extra works
Last minute addendums, bid bulletins, time and date of the bid Construction Permits (Architectural, Structural,
Plumbing, Mechanical & Electrical Occupancy Permits Demolition & sidewalk Permits City tax new codes 14.
Building Code Requirements/Boundaries 1
B. Look for confusing requirements or any discrepancies in plans and specifications. Refer to architect and
owner in writing ( black & white) C. Look for notations on plans general scope of work, changes, alterations,
impossible requirements, Building code requirements D. Evaluate & study carefully specifications 1. Make list
of trades, brand, type that can fulfill the contract 2. Subdivide each trade list if needed 3. Ask quotations from
subcontractors 4. Electrical, plumbing and mechanical if required. Make sure you know the subcontractor
suppose to quote on you. Set forms to avoid gaps and mistakes E. Set procedures for preparing bids 1. Plan the
bid like a project with checklist, target date and project checklist 2. Check if bid required itemized cost
breakdown/ unit cost of materials. F. Check and double check take-off estimate. It might have been overlooked.
Spot check subcontractor proposals if complete. Take note of scope of works. Verify items not included, unit
cost of materials. G. Site inspections Verify thoroughly the following conditions. 1. Existing facilities to be
demolished wood, concrete steel. 2. Hauling In/ Out of matls Disposal of debris. Location. Equipment to be
Used Tools and 3. Sources of Materials Verify materials unit cost of nearby suppliers. Major materials from
existing supplier and minor materials from new supplier. Verify terms of payment. Prepare materials checklist.
Always check Current Cost of materials, prepare checklist. 2
4. Geographical conditions of site. Slopes, verify on plans, if backfilling is required. Check if adobe, soil of
backfill. Note depth of excavation requires. Hauling in/out of backfilling, Dumping of debris from site. 5. Ideal
location of bunkhouse, temporary warehouse or storage. Temporary utilities. Dumping of materials to site must
not have conflict with the layout of proposed building. 6. Sources of manpower, technical expertise, tools and
equipment 7. Temporary facilities- power, water, telephone 8. Future tapping of the following: Power Water
Telephones Sewer and Drainage Verify if in conformity with the plans. Check utility company requirements.
Project Study. Roads, sidewalks to be demolished. Permits and payments.Deposits c/o Owner H. Use the
RULE OF THUMB method. Check the most contentious items of bid. Recheck addition of subcontractors. I.
Analyze the bid even if it is not successful . Update cost of materials. Check file records and other historical
data. Get result of bidding and prepare feedback for future references. J. Major error in bid. Determine whether
or not to continue work on the project. Determine if you are willing to live with the error. Know the bid of other
contractor. K. requirements. Take note of indirect cost, VAT and other government taxes and Subdivision
requirements, construction bonds, insurance, city tax, performance bond. 3
L. You may wish to withdraw the bid. Reminders before Estimating A. Read first plans, specifications and
general conditions of contract to familiarize yourself with the general scope of works. B. Spot check nebulous
requirements if available in local market. Verify if imported, suppliers, type of materials C. Rough estimate to
try. It must be 30-50% of what might be the ultimate cost. D. Preliminary estimate. Unit cost obtained from past
project. Recheck verify current unit cost. E. Always use the rule of thumb in the final estimate F. RE-check your
estimate. Let someone do it. Spot check multiplications and additions of subtotal G. Ask for quotations of
suppliers or subcontractors of specialty works H. Use different techniques in estimate 1. By volume method 2.
BY area method sq. m. 3. By direct count Be systematic. Breakdown estimate or use the area method.
Schedule organized breakdown. I. Begin estimate with fresh mind. Difficult items first, easy items like addition
of total cost can be done when you are tired J. Always use your imagination, observation, take note of items
lacking or errors in plans and specifications. Do not leave items. Immediately look for unforeseen requirements
before continuing to other portion. 4
Estimate Checklist A. Site Development/General Requirements 1. Mobilization/Temporary facilities a.
Temporary Fence Total linear meter Sawali 4 x 5 or GI sheets Coco lumber 2x3/2x4 C.W.
nails Check if corr. GI sheet temp. fence 2. ID / Uniforms/ Biodatas 3. Workers Quarters Verify number of
workers a. Temporary Field Office Plywood 2 x 4 lumbers Roofing G.I. sheets or Lona 20
x 40 Emergency Kit Drums Tools and Equipment b. Temporary Power, Water and Telephone Cost of utilities
during construction. Contractor or Owner B.1 Checklist Temporary Power (Residential Only) Description RSC
pipe x 10 Entrance Cup RSC Conduit Nipple Safety Switch 60 A 2p 1dia THW wire # 12 (5.5 mm)
Electric Tape (big) One way switch Duplex Convenience Outlet Qty 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 Unit Piece Piece Set Roll Roll
Piece Piece Unit Cost 5
Fluorescent 40 w Meter base 4 X 4 X 8 coco lumber or equal 2 1 1 Piece Set Piece B.2 Temporary
Toilet/Waterlines/Sewer Description PVC pipe 3 x 10 PVC wye 3 x 3 PVC bend PVC bend PVC Cement
100 cc G.I. pipe x 20 G.I. tee G.I. Elbow Taplon Tape Flush Type Water Closet Drums Water Hose x
15 lm Qty 2 3 4 2 1 2 4 4 3 1 3 Unit Pieces Pieces Pieces Pieces Qrt Pieces Pieces Pieces Rolls Set Set Unit
Cost B.3 Checklist of tools and equipment to be used Concrete Mixer (1 bugger)
Bar Cutter/Circular Cutter or Hacksaw Blade Shovel Pick Mattock Leveling Hose Bareta/Pointed bar Angle
Grinder Vibrator Compactor Plastic Container B.4 Manpower Transportation/Cash Advance for Mobilization
B.5 Temporary Bunkhouse for Workers and Storage of Materials B. Siteworks 1. 2. Demolition of Existing
Structure Hauling out/in 6
Verify the following: a. Slab, beams, footing, etc. b. Materials that can be utilized wood/steel/doors/etc. c.
Hauling out of usable materials and debris (labor+delivery charges) location of disposal d. Storage of usable
materials 3. a. b. Clearing and Grubbing 3.00 m around building Uprooting of trees and shrubs Soil stripping
if required Sheet Piling Verify adjacent existing structures a. Near creek, beside high-rise building, etc b. Piles
to be used Concrete pre-cast, steel or apitong lumber 2 x 10 x 12 for property walls 4. 5. Verification of
monuments, lot boundaries, slopes and topographical conditions. Prepare fixed reference above the street level,
building elevations. 6. Excavation a. Manually b. By machine Calculate number of hours required Verify Soil
Conditions Description Soil Adobe Qty Unit Cu.m. Cu.m. Earthfill/Backfilling works Unit Cost 150 200 Check
if soil test is required for 4 storey buildings up. 7. 7
a. Backfill Excavated portion of footing, wall footing b. Earthfill Slope of existing lot Elevations of
Proposed finished flooring from street line or other reference point. c. Type of filling materials Description
Escombro Banday Banda or Lastillas Garden Soil for landscape/ Ordinary soil Dump truck Or Ten Wheeler
Truck d. Tamping by Manual or Machine Formula: LOOSE VOLUME or VL =Length x Width x Depth
Compact Volume in Place or VC = VL + 25% Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or truck Hauling In of
Backfill Materials Capacity Unit Unit (soil) Cost 4-6 cu.m T/L dump 12-16 cu.m T/L Depending on the type of
Backfill escombro, soil, and lastillas? Qty Unit T/L* T/L* Unit Cost * 8. Gravel Fill a. 0.05 m thickness
below slab on fill and footing b. G.I. gravel or gravel TOTAL AREA OF SLAB = Length x Width x .05 m =
Total Volume of Gravel Fill Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or truck dump Capacity (soil) 4-6 cu.m 12-
16 cu.m Unit Per cu.m. Unit Cost 9. Soil Poisoning For application before pouring of footing and slab a. Type
of Soil Poison Lentrex/Chlordane or F3D14 8
10. Polyethylene Sheet under slab on fill for Ground floor S lab 0.006 Thickness Polyethylene sheet
approximately 9 kgs/sq.m. Specially for narra parquet and vinyl tile floor finish Reference Checklist:
Foundation a. Soil Bearing Capacity 1,500 2,000 psf (pounds per sq. ft.) Most commonly used assumptions at
city engineers office 3,000 to 4,000 psf if adobe or hard soil depending on soil test done by geotechnical
Engineers b. Soil Test For high rise building (Boring Test) Cost P15,000 P20,000.00 per hole depending on
the requirement of structural engineer c. Seismic Analysis if required 11. Other Outside Building Development
Checklist a. Fence Verify height and total length b. Special Fence for Slope Area shear wall with perforated
pipes ( verify detail) c. Concrete curb and gutter, roads, walk, sidewalk d. Parking Area e. Rip rapping if
required f. Water Tank/Genset Rooms/other base foundations g. Landscaping 9
Note: Provide during construction permanent benchmark for elevation references. C. Concreting Works
Checklist check strength required 2,500 psi slab on fill 3,500psi to 4000 psi for footing/
column/beam/slab/residential for high rise building 1. building 2. a. b. c. d. e. f. Ready Mixed Concrete for
high rise building Manual or concrete mixer Actual Site conditions if 2 storey Interval of Delivery of Truck -
30 to 45 minutes Capacity of One truck 4 to 6 cu. mts. Retarder or additives fast curing if required Verification
of scaffolding work before pouring-safety precautions Dumping of excess cement if necessary Emergency
Scaffolding/tools and equipment Checklist of Concrete Works for Estimate a. Footing, wall footing, footing tie
beam b. Columns per floor schedule c. Last Floor to roof or deck d. Shear Walls e. Concrete stairs f. Floor
Beams and Girder per floor g. Suspended slab h. Parapet walls and canopy i. j. k. Elevator shaft Slab on fill
(includes driveways and walks Cistern Tank and Septic tank 10
l. Kitchen and Lavatory counter m. Lintel beam for doors and windows n. Electrical and Plumbing lines
embedded in concrete, pullboxes and catch basins o. Concrete Curb and gutter p. Fence/electric post q. Others
as per plan Computations shall be scheduled systematically to above items not included in the estimate.
Itemized per floor Volume = Length x Width x Depth Note : To include all portion below natural grade line
(footing, column, walls, etc.. depth) Estimate References for Concrete Works Ratio : 1 part cement 2 part sand
3-part gravel Compressive Strength of Concrete = Fc Psi- Pounds per square inch Class AAA AA A B Fc@28
days 4000 psi (281 kgs/sq.cm) ready mixed concrete 3,500 psi (special) 3000 psi(regular 211 kgs/sq.cm.)
2,500 psi (176 kgs/sq.cm) Ratio 1:2:3 1:2:4 1:2:4 1:2 :5 Cement 11 bags 10 bags 9 bags 8 bags Sand .40 m
3 .41 m 3 .42 m 3 .44 m 3 Gravel .40 m 3 .82 m 3 .84 m 3 .87 m 3 11
For estimate use Example : 3,000 psi Cement Sand Gravel Note: = = = = Total Volume ( Concrete per
computations) 35.00 m3 x 9.0 m3 = 315 35.00 m3 x .42 m3 35.00 m3 x .84 m3 = = 14.7 29.40 .50 m 3
1.0 m 3 = 35 cu.m = 315 bags = 15 m3 = 29.40 m3 Use only Local Brand Cement Portland cement Brand :
Dragon, Northern Cement, and Island Cement Get one (1) concrete sample for every 10.00 cu. mts. of concrete
during pouring of concrete on 12 concrete cylinder for testing of strength as required for occupancy permit.
Capacity of Truck 1 bag of cement = 1 cubic foot Note: pump cute interval of delivery of concrete every 30
min. capacity of truck 4 6.00m Cement Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or dump truck Capacity
(bags) 100-200 bags 500 bags Cost Gravel/ Sand Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or dump truck
Capacity 2-4 m3 12-14 m3 Unit Cost S-1 White Sand - for concreting works - for plastering/topping Concrete
Mixed 12
For one bag of Cement = 40 kgs (weight) Gravel G 1 to 1 gravel for foundations Slab on fill gravel
3/8 to 3/14 for all structural members verify if crushed gravel or washed gravel D. Formworks 1. Estimate
form lumber using 2x3/2x4/2x6 coco lumber per total volume of concrete to be used. Estimate first total
concrete volume as per guidelines. Coco lumber supplier to order coconut bark, avoid lumber at center
2x3/2x4 2x6 for vertical lateral ties and braces for beam support and footing cost of coco lumber 12.5 to15.50
per bd. Ft.(jan 06) 2. Normal coco lumber requirements 150 board feet per cubic meter of concrete 1 truckload
of coco lumber Ten-wheeler Elf, -1,800 to 2,500 bd. Ft. -4,000 to 5,000 bd. Ft. Cost of cocol umber 6.50 to
7.50 per board foot 3. Assorted C.W. Nails C.W. nails C.W. nails C.W. nails C.W. nails Commercial Sizes 1 box
= 20-25 kgs (small) 1 box = 30-38 kgs ( large) 1 2 3 4 For scaffoldings 13
Estimate Guide QTY box 50 bd. Ft. = : 1 kilo per 50 board foot or lumber / 50 = N o s. of kilos / 25 = No. of
Total board foot 25 or 38 kgs/box 4. Concrete Nails 3 & 4 for CHB filing guide, concrete walls ceiling joist
and cabinet frames. Quantity depends on the actual requirements NAILS CHART 2D 4D 6D 8D 10 D 20 D CW
Nails 1 1 2 2 3 4 Pieces per kilo 1,680 pcs 705 pcs 380 pcs 260 pcs 120 pcs 55 pcs Size 1 1 2
Usage Forms Plywood Forms plywood T & G flooring Ceiling joist Trusses/Rafters Floor Joist Usage ceiling T
& G flooring Cabinet frames Finishing nails 5. PLYWOOD of is too thin - Use 3/8 to plywood. Normal
market/commercialize Solve for Contact Surfaces. Columns/Beams/slabs as per plan. See checklist for concrete
works. Column Example: 4 sides or Perimeter (.20 + .20 + .40 + .40) x height area required for formsa Beam
Example 3 sides (.15 + .40 + .15) x height Slab = Length x Width Summarize all required formworks area
required for formsa = sq.m. = = sq.m. Sq.m. Total Contact Surface in Sq. Mts. Pieces = Nos. of 14
2.88 or 1.20 x 2.42 Plywood Size of Plywood Required Note : Check if you can use it again if building is large.
Small buildings assume as per estimate. Formoil Normally to use USED oil Quantity approximate; 1 ltr. per
15 sq. mts. If steel scaffolding is to be used check rental per day of steel accessories. Verify to supplier. Note :
For residential, use good lumber for scaffolding, to be used later for rafters, purlins, ceiling joist, etc. E. Steel
Reinforcement/Bars Steel forms rental per piece /day. As per plan REBARS DESIGNATION American
Philippine Yield Point Society for Standard Strength Testing Kgs/ Psi Materials mm2 (ASTM) Structural Grade
24.452 33,000 Grade 230 Intermediate Grade (Grade 40) Grade 60 Grade 275 28.042 40,000 Tensile Strength
Kgs/ Psi mm2 39.77 55,000 Usage 48.95 70,000 Grade 410 41.80 60,000 63.22 90,000 For reside ntial only
Depen d on structu ral design For highrise buildin g Standard Length of Bars Feet 20 26 30 35 40 Meter 6.00
m 7.50 m 9.00 m 10.50 m 12.00 m Most commonly used available in hardware 6.00m Special Length, per order
to supplier 15
20 (6.00m) 9mmd, 10mmd, 12mmd 20 and above 16mmd, 20mmd, 25mmd Commercial Sizes of Rebars
Unit weight per meter (Kilos per meter) Cross Secti onal area in sq Inch 0.11 0.12 0.31 0.44 0.79 Nominal
Diameters (metric) 8 mm 9 mm (2.3 kgs) 10 mm (standard) 12 mm (standard) 16 mm (standard) 20 mm
(standard) 25 mm (standard) 28 mm (standard) 32 mm (standard) Example: Designation (English) Substandard
Commercial Sizes 3/8 #3 #4 5/8 #5 #6 1 #8 1 1/8 #9 1 # 10 0.616 0.888 1.579 2.466 3.854 4.833 6.313
20 pcs 16 mm dia. X 6.00 bars 20 x 1.576 x 6.0 = 189.46 kgs. To get quantity of G.I. wire # 16 a. G.I. wire #
16, through use of Concrete Volume 2 kilograms per cu. m. of concrete 25 30 kilos per roll (Check
commercial weight to supplier) b. Estimate thru Rebars 20 kilos of G.I. wire per metric tons 1 metric ton =
10,000 kilos 1 kilo of wire = + 53 linear meter 1 roll = 35-40 kilograms or current commercial kilos per roll =
38 kgs/roll c. G.I. wires for CHB walls 4 chb 10 length of tie wires 5 or 6 chb 12 length of tie wires
Spacing of rebars = NO. OF ROLLS 16
Vertical @ 0.60 m. o.c. Horizontal every third layer GI wires Kilos per sq. mts 0.04 Example : Total
Area of CHB walls 230 m2 x 0.04 = 9.2 kilos, or 10 kilos of G.I. wire # 16 d. Welding Rods e. Rust Proofing
f. Post Tensioning per plan special Construction, quotation per suppliers Rebars substitution Say 12-16 To
20 mm Reinforcement/Rebars Data How to Determine Bar Splicing Length Type 1. Tension Bars 2.
Compression Bars Minimum Splice Length 25 x bar size +150 mm 20 x bar size + 150 mm Example : Column
20 mm = 20 x 20 mm + 150 mm Compression = 550 mm or .55 m NO FOOTING SHALL REST ON FILLING
MATERIALS Y spacing of bars 1 @ 0.05 2 @ 0.10 3 @ 0.15 rest @ 0.20 m on center F. Masonry Works 17
Estimating CHB walls 4 chb interior chb partition 6 chb exterior chb partition for buildings 5 chb
exterior chb partition for residential Example : A1 = LXH = SQ. M. GROSS AREA A-1 LESS (A-2+ A-3) =
SQ. M. NET AREA A-1 = 3.0 X 4.0 = 12.0 SQ.M A-2 = 1.60 X 1.20 Take note of portion below grade line =
1.68 A-3 = 0.80 X 2.10 = 1.92 A-2 + A-3 = 3.60 A-1 LESS (A-2 + A-3) = 12.00- 3.60 = 8.40 SQ. M. = NET
TOTAL AREA FORMULAS 1 cubic foot 0.0285 cu. mts 1 cubic meters 35.28 cu. Feet 1 bag of cement 1 cu.
Foot 1. CHB Filler Ratio 1: 3 or 1 part cement to 3 parts sand 4 chb 6 chb Example: 2,200 pcs. 4 chb
----------------------25 88 bags x 0.0855 = Cement 25 pcs. Per bag 20 pieces per bag 88 bags cement Sand 0.0855
cement m3 per bag = 7.52: say 8.00 cu. mts. sand 2. CHB Plastering Ratio 1: 2 or 1 part cement to 2 part sand
Cement - thk plastering Sand 0.50 bags per sq. m. 0.057 cu. mts per bag Example: 18
Say, 200 sq. m x 2: both face -------------------------------0.50 = 200 bags cement 200 x 0.057 = 11.4 says, 12
cu.m. 3. CHB Type/ Strength NLB or non load bearing LB or Load Bearing (Jackbuilt), etc. 400-500 psi 700-
1000 psi Available in local market Locally available special chb Note : Verify delivery cost within Metro Manila
or outside Metro Manila 4. Floor Topping Class A Mortar 1:2* Per cu.m . Volume 16 bags/cu.m. Sand 0.80
cu.m. Usage For topping, finishing works, tiles, etc. For topping over slab to level flooring after pouring Class
B 1:3** 12 bags/ cu.m. 0.89 cu.m *1:2 Ratio 1 part cement for every 2 part sand ** 1:3 Ratio 1 part cement for
every 3 part sand 5. Rebars for CHB 4 chb 6 chb 10 mm diameter at every 3rd layer horizontal bars 10 mm
diameter at 0.80 m vertical bars 12 mm diameter at every third layer horizontal bars 12 mm diameter at 0.80 m.
vertical bars : : 4.25 LM per sq.m. of chb 210 sq.m. x 4.25 lm = 892.50 LM --------------------------6.00 m:
standard length of bars = 148.75 pieces, Assume Say 19
say 150 pieces 10 mm dia.x 6.0 m def bars 6. G.I. wire Masonry works Ga # 16 Tie Wire 10 to 12 length.
Included in rebars wire computation (see checklist) 7. Firewalls/ Toilets. Floor Topping a. Requirement for
waterproofing Sahara Compound 1 pack per bag of cement for plastering of firewalls b. Plaster Board .
Assume 5 sq. meters per gallons for floor topping G. Steel Trusses. Verify details as per plan. 1. Type of trusses
Steel trusses Open Web Rigid Frame Built Up 2. Checklist for Estimate per Plan. Always verify if roof framing
is correct/ economical. Angular Bars Top and bottom chords Web Members Cross Bracing Turnbuckles
Baseplate (Thickness) Bolts and nuts Sag rod Hanger or support for ceiling with bolts Welding rod Oxygen
Acetylene C Purlins 2 x 4/ 2 x 6 1.5 mm thickness Angular bars for fascia board connection * Preferable to get
quotation from qualified subcontractor Wooden Trusses. Checklist per plan Top Chord/ Bottom Chord Web
Members/ Collar Plate/ Struts Wood Plate 20
Girters Fascia Board Tanguile KD S4S Wood Braces Purlins Machine Bolts, nuts and washers Eaves
ventilation wood slots with US Aluminum Screen Tension Rod and Sag Rods Special Trusses Fabricated for
Low Cost Gang nail/Others To get board foot of lumber Example: 1 pc 2 x 3 x 16 2 x 3 x 16 12 2 x 5 x
14 12 1.5 x 2 x 14 12 1 pc 8 bf/pc 8 bf 11.66 bf x 6 pcs 58.33 bf 3.50 bf / pc x 6 pcs 21 bf 5 pcs 2 x 5 x 14 6 pcs
1 x 2 x 14 Conversion Factors Cu.ft x 0.02832 Bf ft. x 0.0833 Cu. mts x 35.314 Cu. ft x 2.8317 x 10-2 H.
Roofing Works Ordinary Corrugated GI sheet Ga.# 16 Standard Market Sizes Corr. GI sheet Ga # 26 x 32 -do-
do-do-do0.30 meters standard overlap Cu. mts. Cu. ft. Cu. ft. Cu. mts. Width Standard Standard Length 7 feet
8 feet 9 feet 10 feet 12 feet 21
11.50 0.70 side lapped 2 or 2 corr. = = 16.42, say 17 pcs. X 2 side 34 pieces Ga# 26 x 32 x 10 Corr GI
sheet 5.40 m. = 18 2 pcs.- 10 length 2. Plain GI sheet Ga. # 26 x 32 x 8 standard. Solve for flashing and
counter flashing for firewalls and parapet. Verify actual plan. 3. G.I. gutter Ga. # 26 x 8 Standard Gutter 4. 5.
inside gutter 6. for estimate. 7. a. GI roof nails 3 b. Lead Washer kilos kilos Accessories Others per plan. To
include fascia board Special Gutter ( Spanish type) Ridge Rolls x 8 Valley gutter. Verify if outside gutter or c.
GI washer ( medium or thick)- kilo d. GI rivets x 3/16 e. GI strap Ga # 26 f. g. Nicolite Bar Muriatic Acid 22
h. i. j. Roof Cement ( Vulcanized) Red Oxide or red lead primer Silicon Sealant For Color roof Verify type to
be used. Ask for quotation of supplier. Standard Sizes Brochures Type 1 Rib type long span ; most common
for residential Checklist Ga. # 26 (Thickness) Width X X X X x 1.040 m 0.610 m 0.610 m 0.610 m 0.915 m X
X X X x Length ___ LM 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 Rib Type roof S type gutter V type gutter valley Ridge roll
Capping/Flashing a. 0.40 mm b. 0.40 mm c. 0.40 mm d. 0.40 mm e. 0.40 mm Accessories a. b. Tek Screw
(Metal Screw) 12 pcs per sq m Blind Rivets c. d. e. Silicon Sealant Per tube Touch Up Paint Vulcaseal gallon
Take note of delivery charge Around P 2,000.00 2,500 per trip, within Metro Manila or outside Metro
Manila Order roofing one month in advance. Delivery is 2 3 weeks after order and payment. Always estimate
as per actual plan. Formulas A2 = c2 b2 23
B2 = c2 a2 C2 = a2 + b2 Roofing by area method a. Determine total flat area required L x W + pitch factor
solve for linear feet required Roof pitch (Height) meters 0.32 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 b.
Verify type of roofing as per plan Tegula 11.50/m Rib type Banaue type Others per brochures or
specifications I. Windows as per plan 1. 2. K. Verify if the window jambs are required Checklist on type of
windows to be used Jalousie windows 7/32 thk clear or smoked glass Verify if operator type Jalousies with
steel grilles or aluminum Grilles with or without design normally grilles shall be 10mm square bar (3/8) or 12
mm square bars (1/2) Add to total flat area (Percent) 2% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 11% 14% 18% 21% To compute:
L x W= area in m x 10.76 = area in ft 24
Jalousie Windows Specifications Hoover alloy 6063-T-5 Anodized natural Anodized natural color lever type
operator with 7/32 clear glass 4 blade Single control Standard height In meters 4 0.378 5 0.466 6 0.566 7
0.644 8 0.733 9 0.822 10 0.910 11 1.00 Width 12 1.080 Minimum of 0.80 m 13 1.178 14 1.266 15 1.355 16
1.444 17 1.533 18 1.622 19 1.710 20 1.800 21 1.888 22 1.978 23 1.060 Note: verify of aluminum screen for
windows is included in contract Standard No. of blades L. steel casement windows (casement or awning type)
1/8 x 7/8 or T & 2 mild steel section 1/8 thick clear or smoked glass 12mm square bar grilles with or
with out design or as specified aluminum screen if with u frame or detached A= L x H= area in m x 10.76= ft
M. aluminum frame windows (sliding or fixed) verify if anodized (white), analok (brown) or powder coated 25
7/32 or thick glass bronze or clear glass green or blue weather strip vinyl (mohair) N. French type
windows(wood or steel) 7/32thick glass hinges special locks and bolts O. Window casing if required on
plans(wood or concrete) P. Other special type windows(local or imported) I. Doors and Jambs A 1. Door jambs
4 2 x 6 yakal or quijo 2. Door casings per plan/ mouldings 1x 5 / 1 x 6 3. Wood preservatives solignum
or black coal 4. Flush type doors 1.3/4 thick or height per plan 1. Hollow core ordinary both face 2. Hollow
core 1 face marine 3. Hollow core both face narra 4. Hollow core with glass for kitchen 5. Narra panel floor
solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan 1. Tang. KD panel door solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan 6. 1 louver door for
toilets tang. Kd/aluminum, door. 7. metal louver door for pump room, electrical etc. 8. accordion door 1. metal
with or with out plates GA # 14 2. wooden accordion 26
9. aluminum doors 1. anodized kawneer finish 2. analok finish 3. with or with out grilles 10. roll-up door 1.
metal manually operated/machine operated 11. sliding doors/windows per design 12. aluminum screen doors
13. metal clad doors 14. special doors for vaults B. Accessories 1. 3 x 3 loose butt hinges us or local 2. 3
x 3 double action hinges 3. door track and hanger set 4. lockset per specification-local or imported 5. door
closer 6. door bumper and stopper 7. master keys for buildings 2 sets 8. barrel bolts 9. foot bolts / head bolts 10.
padlocks 11. peepholes 12. night-latch / privacy lock for toilets J. Miscellaneous hardware 1. stair nosing- brass
or non slip/ carborandum 2. Washington hinges or hettich hinges piano hinges 27
3. closet/cabinets, handles and pulls roller catches an magnetic catches 4. finishing nails and concrete nails 5.
railing for stairs K. Thermal and moisture protection 1. vapor barrier polyethylene sheet 4 width - > 7.8
m/kgs. 107.8 kgs. Per roll 2. Sahara cement 1 pack per bag of cement for firewall plastering 3. ceiling
insulation (thickness to verify)1 roll = 5 x 15mts 1. sisalation or aluminum foil 2. fiberglass 3. styropor boards
4. cauling and sealants 5. fireproofing materials 1. elastomeric 2. membrane 3. asphalt (hard) 30kgs. / bags
note : guarantee 5 to 10 yrs preparation and cleaning of surface before application L. Carpentry works A.
WALLS a. Vertical & horizontal studs 2x3 / 2x4 S4S b. Plywood panel - per plan ord. Or narra c. Baseboards
1x6 with or without design d. C.W, Nails 2" and finishing nails 1 " e. Concrete nails 3"I rat proofing PLN GI
SHT 1. Ordinary or narra or marine for ext. 2. Danarra 1 tempered lawanit 28
3. 5-cut KD LBR 4. Wood lattice with design 2.Wooden Post 4"x4" per plan Post strap - 3116 x 1 1/2x 24" 3.
Special Walls - Corkboard B. CEILING WORKS 1. 2x2 Apitong RO or S4S @ 0140 x0.60 / 140 x 140
Ordinary or treated - Wolmanized tanalized 2. 2x3 / 2x4 Runner 3. Hanger 1/2 " PLN Round bar with thread
and nuts 4. Concrete Nails 5. Exterior Ceiling a. 1x1TANGKDWoodSlats b. 1/4" x 4' Screen wire (welded) c.
1x2 Frame 6. Ceiling niouldings size Per plan Ordinary - 1" to 1 112," to 3" special design 7. False beam per
design 8. T and G or S-cut for ceiling 9. Cover lights " - 1/4 plywood Acrylic diffusers .30 x 1.20 / .60 x
1.20 per plan 10. Special ceiling design a. Mirror b. architectural Glass c. Acoustic board - T runner C.
FLOORING 1. Wood girter and corbel plates 29
2. Machine bolts with nuts and washer 3. Floor Joist Apitong Ro 4. T and G Flooring a. Sanding of T & 0 b.
Wood Filler and Paints D. CLOSETS & HANGING CABINETS PER DESIGN 1. Plywood 2. Hardwares -
drawer slides / handles / hinges 3. Weldwood glue 4. Hanger rod and bracket 5. Drawer locks / bolt 6. Secret
drawer E. HANGING CABINETS 1. Bar counter per design 2. Kitchen Hanging cabinet F. WOODeN STAIRS
1. Handrails 3x8 narra or guijo S45 2. Riw 3. Threads 4. Balusters 5. Flat bars and screw G. KITCHEN
COUNTERS PER DESIGN 1. Wood / Concrete a. Frame 2x3 b. Plywood 3/4 c. Cabinet louver door d. Formica
top / Adhesives f. Tiles inside counter white 30
2. Marble/Granite tiles a. Countertop 1 b. Splashboard 4" to 6" A. Area method 1. board ft of studs / m @ 0.60
m.o.c.b.w. 2. 2 x 3 5.38 bf/m 3. 2 x 4 - 7.30 bf/m B. wooden partition 1. 2 x 3 9 bf/m 2. 2 x 4 12bf/m C.
ceiling plywood joist 1. 2 x 2 @0.60m o.c b.w = 7bf/m 2. 2 x 2 @ 0.40 m o.c. b.w.=9bf/m D. plywood
ceiling by sheet method (bf/sheet) @0.60 B.W. 2x2 12bf/sheet 2x3 18bf/sheet 2x4 24bf/sheet E. T & G
flooring / V-cut @0.60 & 0.40 15bf/sheet 22bf/sheet 30bf/sheet @0.40 18 bf 27bf 36 bf Nos. of T&G/meter run
1x4 1x6 F. G. H. C. W. nails Usage Floor joist Flooring V/H studs Unit 1000 bf 1000 bf 1000 Required kilos
10.35 14.34 10.43 12.11 pcs. 7.70 pcs. Bf/m 13.85 13.20 Size 4 2 2 Kind CWN f CWN 31
Rafters/Purlins Trusses Facia BD Ceiling joist Plywood ceiling Baseboard scaffolding I. Bolts bf 1000 bf 1000
bf 1000 bf 1000 bf 1000 bf 8 pcs. 1000 bf 1000 bf 18.38 7.93 9.57 16.30 12.93 1.00 6.08 25.00 4 4 2 2 4 1
1 3 4 CWN CWN CWN CWN f f CWN CWN CWN Wooden columns bolt length L = w + 2(t) 1 Example:
L = 4 + 2 (3 ) 1 =4+5 = 9 bolts take note of commercial sizes of lumber J. Trusses L = thickness of lumber in
layer + 1 32
FLOOR JOIST (WASTE FACTOR & BRIDGING CONSIDERED) Per m method 2 x 6 2 x 8 2 x 10
Girter, corbel; plate by direct count Spacing @ 0.30 O.C. 16.10bf/m 21.33bf/m 26.73bf/m M. Specialty
roofing Verify discount for Archt. A. SHIN YEE METALGA # 0.40 /GA # 0.50mm 1. length maximum or 60
feet 2. width = 30 (760mm) 3. minimum roof 3% B. accessories 1. gutter with design 0.50 x 0.914x_______ 2.
ridge roll 0.40mm x 0.577x________ 3. ridge wall flushing 0.40m x 0.577m x 3.30m 4. end flushing 5. End
flushing wall 6. counter flushings 7. Counter nails 8. blinds rivets 1/8 9. type 17 self drilling screw no. 12x2
(50mm) 10. tek screw #10x1/8 33
11. wire basket strainer 12. silicon rubber sealant / acrylic paints C. for walls spandrel 1. Rib 2. Plain 3. V
spandrel N. Downspouts, catch basins, manholes, septic tank and cistern tank A. Downspouts 1. 3 or 4 per
plan 2. 1/8 x _______PVC bend 3. x_______PVC bend 4. PVC coupling 5. epoxy and PVC cement B. catch
basins/ drainage per plan 1. .4 to 10 concrete pipe x1.00 non-reinforced or reinforced 2. perforated PVC pipe
for basement walls 3. cement 4. sand 5. gravel 6. steel grating if required angular bars C. manholes for
electrical or plumbing *Concreting for embedded electrical and PCBG Lines O. Finishes A. Walls- exterior and
interior 1. plain cement finish 2. tooled finish (plaster) 3. patch on joints B. synthetic adobe / adobe rubble
finish 34
1. with or without shells 2. with or with out grooves 3. color scheme C. pebble or boracay washout bohol or
ordinary 1. white or ordinary cement 2. size #5, 10, 15 D. anay finish 1. with pebbles 2. fissured finish E. bricks
tiles finish / cal-tiles F. mactan stone 2x8 G. marble tiles 4x8 / 6x12 etc Bulacan or Romblon H. wall
tiles 4x8 1. colored or white 4 x 4 2. with or without design 6x6 / 8 x 8 3. white cement 350
pcs/kilo 4. tile adhesive I. marble ashlar finish 2x8 1. flooring per plan a. plain cement finish or colored red
green cement 1:2 5 m / kilo b. marble tiles c. vinyl tiles 1.5mm thick x 1x 1 3.6mm thick x 1x1 Adhesive:
gallons per m x 0.042 = gallons d. stone inlay finish 2 to 3 e. wood parquet per design sanding f. mosaic tile
1 x 1 g. narra wood planks 1 x 6 to 8 nailers/insulation/c. winnails 35
h. floor tiles 4 x 8 6 x 6 i. j. class a or class b colored light or dark terrazzo finish or marble chips washout
others per design 2. Ceiling Finishes a. acoustic boards with or without design aluminum T-runner/if plywood
with adhesives b. 1 x 4 t&g c. S-cut or v-cut finish 1x6 d. Acrytex finish e. Mirror f. False beams 3.
FLOOR FINISHES verify specs & Plan 4 tiles 86 pcs. Per sq. m white cement 0.80 kilo/m or 250 pcs. /
kilo cement 0.076 bags /m cement tiles: Tiles/m x 6 x 6 45 pcs, 1 x 8 x 8 25 pcs. 1 x 10 x 10 16
pcs. Vinyl adhesive x gals /m x 0.042 = Or 200 pcs. Per gallon = P. Grille works A. Fence grilles with or with
out design to square bars or 1 x flat bars B. gate with mailbox GA # 16 or per design C. window
grilles ordinary or pregnant grilles D. fire escape ladder Cement Bag/m 0.3375 0.3400 0.3400 Sand M/m
0.019 0.019 0.019 36
E. air con frames / manhole cover F. open court grilles flat bars and angular bars G. stair railings with design
H. cyclone or interlink wire G.I pipes/ Welding rod I. others per plan brass nosing for stair / screws Q. Electrical
works Note : if floor plan has no electrical layout Assumption Residential Commercial Industrial 1. Get total
nos. of C.O. outlet x unit cost 2. Get total nos. of ceiling outlet x unit cost R. Add 30% of 1 & 2 for load center
and panel boards 1. Add 40% of 2 for lighting fixtures 2. Add 15% of 1 & 2 for wiring devices 3. add 12% of 1
& 2 for fire alarm 4. add 12% of 1 & 2 for telephone 5. add 10% of 1 & 2 for music and paging system 6. add
8% of 1 to 8 for miscellaneous and contingencies note: verify MeRalCo / PLDT for tapping 1. Transformer Nos.
of c.o 0.38/m 0.42/m 0.60/m Nos. of light outlet 0.18/m 0.22/m 0.40/m 37
2. Tel. House cable 3. Single phase or three phase ELECTRICAL COMPUTATIONS: SINGLE PHASE Total
load x 80% demand factor = LOAD FOR 110 / 220V C.O. x 0.75 A =__________total amps Ground Wire
size =TOTAL LOAD WIRE 3 or 75% if lights & C.O. ELECTRICAL LOAD COMPUTATION (STANDARD)
# OF WATTS PER UNIT 180watts200watts 20 watts 40 watts 100 watts 150 watts 1,980 watts 2,200 watts
2,640 watts 1,000 watts 8,000 watts AMPERE LOAD DESCRIPTION WIRE English TW # 12 TW # 14 TW #
14 TW # 14 TW # 14 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 08 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 10 SIZE Metric
3.5mm 2.0mm 2.0mm 2.0mm 2.0mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 8.00mm Convenience Outlets
Lights: Fluorescent Lights Halogen lights Incandescent Track lights Air con unit 1.0 HP 1.5 HP 2.0 HP Water
heater SPO Range outlet Water pump HP 1HP Electric stove 20A 15A 15A 15A 15A 30A 30A 30A 30A 40A /
50A 880 watts 1,780 watts 2,000 watts 5.50mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 30A 30A 30A 38
Chandelier Refrigerator Freezer Washing machine Dryer Jacuzzi 1 HP Water heater centralized 1,000 watts 320
watts 200 watts 585 watts 3,000 watts 6,000 watts AWG 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 1 0 00 3/0 4/0 250 300 400 500
650 750 1000 Ampacity Of Conductors solid stranded mm TW THW IN. For stereo 2.0 3.5 5.5 8.0 14.0 22 30
38 50 60 80 100 125 150 200 250 325 400 500 wire 15 20 30 40 55 70 90 100 120 135 160 185 210 240 280
315 370 405 445 15 20 30 45 65 85 110 125 145 160 195 200 255 280 330 375 435 485 540 1 1 1
1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 Conduit mm 15 20 20 20 25 32 32 40 50 50 50 65 65 65 80 90 90 100
100 ELECTRICAL LOAD COMPUTATIONS (RESIDENTIAL) CKT NOS. 1 2 LIGHTS 10 9 SW 11 9
OTHER LOAD VOLTS 220 220 WATTS 1,000 900 AMPS 4.54 4.09 39
3 4 5 6 7 8 6 6 5 11 2 1-SPO 1-SPO Stove 3 KW Bell or buzzer 220 220 220 220 220 220 600 1,000 2,200 400
3,000 50 Total 2.72 4.54 10.00 1.81 13.63 0.22 41.55 A Computations: TOTAL FLOOR AREA = 135m 135m
@ 24 W / SW Small Appliance load 6,240 W First 3,000 W @ 100% DF Renaming 3,240 W @ 35% DF 4,134
W 4,134 220 V = 18.79 A 13.63 0.22 A = 32.64 A 3,000 W 1,134 W 3,240 W 3,000 W 1 Electric stove 3W 1
Buzzer IT Use 2 # 14.0 mm THW wire in 25 mmd RSC 4.55 A / 65 A Watts = Volts x Ampere Ampere = watts
Volts 1 horsepower = 746 watts volts = volt ampere W=EI I= W V CARRIER AIR CONDITION MODEL NOS
WC 90 RCY BTV/HR 9,000 HORSE POWER 1 hp Suggested room space Up to 18 m 40
WC 120 RCY WC 120 RCY WC 150 RCY WC 180 RCY 12,000 12,000 15,000 18,000 1 hp 1 hp 1 hp 2
hp 18 to 24 m 18 to 24 m 24 to 30 m 30 to 36 m Cabinet Dimension H (40mm) x (w) 658 mm Split type air
con /package = 20m / tons B. Rough- in 1. PVC pipes a. to 3 SCH. 40 Neltex, Atlanta, super b. PVC
cement c. PVC coupling to 3 d. PVC Elbow to 3 2. RSC pipe and fitting per plan/brand Maru ichi
,setsuyo a. 3/4 to 3 entrance / up to panel verify b. RSC elbow c. RSC coupling d. LB /LR e. Entrance cup f.
Locknuts and bushing 3. secondary rack power and telephone 4. Solderless connector Angle connector
Straight connector 5. RSC conduit clamp 6. metal moulding 7. circular loam to 8. THW, THHN, TW
wires solid or stranded 9. G.I. k#16 guide wires 150 LM/roll 41
10. P.D. jacketed telephone wires #22/3 flat cord 11. BX wire #12/2 / #123/2 / #8/2 12. Intercom wires 13.
telephone steel cabinets GA # 16 or GA #18 telephone cable wires for 3 storey building 14. pull box (steel ) per
plan 15. wire gutter per plan (distribution panel) 16. utility box local or imprinted, plastic or metal GA #16 -#18
17. junction box 4 x 4 18. 4 11/6 x 4 11/16 square box with and K.O. 19. PVC Tape or rubber tapes 20.
Wiring devices a. Switches National , Veto or Mikosha Flush mounted a. One gang switch with cover
complete b. Two gang switch with cover complete c. Three gang switch with cover complete d. Three way
switch e. Dimmer switch b. Convenience outlets ordinary duplex a. Weather proof outlet b. Water heater c.
Floor c. outlet d. Range outlet e. Air con outlet f. c. Microwave oven outlet Door bell and buzzer /chime d.
Telephone outlet cover 42
e. Blank cover f. Fire alarm bell and station g. Intercom set band- air phone h. Smoke detectors i. j. k. Camera
monitor CATV antenna Winegard w/ splitter, booster an accessories Lighting panel Flush-type or flush
mounted enclosure circuit breaker l. plug in or bolt-on Safety switch m. Double throw switch emergency
generator n. AVR automatic voltage regulator o. Emergency lights. p. Lighting fixtures Note: most often
owner supplied materials installation done by contractor q. Lighting arrester Verify Brand S. Plumbing works A.
Cold water consumption Type of building Residence average Residence average Apartment low rent
Apartment high rent Hotels Office buidings gallons/person/day 50 100 75 100 100 25 MWSS WATER
METER TAPPING 43
Size of 1 1 1 2 Nos. of units per connection 1-2 3-5 6-9 10-15 16-32 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-11 1-2 3 4
1-2 3 4 1-2 3 2 1 B. Rough in 1. PVC pipes and fittings S-40 2. Cast iron pipes and fittings C. Checklist PVC
PIPES OR OTHER TYPES 1. Pipes x 10 length 2. Cast iron x 5 (length) 3. WYE 4. TEE 5. Double TEE 6.
bend 7. 1/8 bend 8. P-trap with or without clean out hole 9. coupling 10. Double WYE 11. Tap Tee 12. PVC
cement 13. Lead sheet 14. Epoxy A and B set 15. PLBG. Oakum D. Waterlines: Check hot or cold lines 1. GI
pipe and fittings local or japan 1. - 12mm 44
2. - 15mm 3. 1 25mm 4. 1 32mm 2. Fittings 1. GI elbow 2. St. Elbow 3. TEE 4. Union Patente 5.
TEE reducer 6. GI bushing 7. GI nipple 3. Water tank fittings per plan 4. septic tank and cistern tank V= L x
W x H x 264 gals.= Cu. Meter Septic tank design standard (minimum) National Plumbing Code Nos. of
persons Inside depth of chamber Served Depth Width Length 10+5 1.20 1.10 1.80 20 1.20 1.25 2.50 25 1.20
1.40 2.80 30 1.30 1.50 3.00 35 1.30 1.60 3.20 40 1.40 1.65 3.30 45 1.40 1.75 3.50 50 1.50 1.80 3.60 60 1.50
1.95 3.80 70 1.50 2.00 4.00 80 1.60 2.20 4.40 90 1.80 2.30 4.60 100 1.80 2.50 5.00 Note: leaching well is
aproximately of volume of digestion chamber Capacity of cylindrical tanks Diameter 2 x 0.7854 x length =
volume If cubic feet x 7.4805 = nos. of gallons 45
1. Cement 2. Sand 3. Gravel 4. Forms 5. 4 tiles (white) 5. Water heater 6. Shower values and heads 1. Single
shower valve 2. Three valve diverter 7. Lavatory centerset faucet 8. Kitchen sink faucet 9. hosebibb faucet
with or without HB 10. Gate valves 11. Angle valves / check velves 12. Siamese twin (fire hydrant) 3x2
x2 2x2x2 13. Fire hose cabinet with F. extinguisher 14. Water meters main, branches Note verify
MWSS tapping of waterline to building 15. Accessories 1. floor drain/ strainer 2. roof drain 3. grease traps 4.
drinking fountain and other per plan 5. special equipment 16. PLUMBING FIXTURES Verify Specs 1.
waterclosets 46
2. lavatories 3. bidet 4. urinals 5. kitchen sink 6. bathtub 7. soap holder 8. paperholder 9. toilet 10. dispenser 11.
shampoo & tooth brush holder 12. towel bar 13. mirror 14. medicine cbinet 15. curtain rods T. Painting works
A. Painting works 47
1. Masonry Surfaces latex 2. finishes washout and others repellent 3. wood surfaces cabinets/
closets/ceiling/walls 4. wood preserver 5. steel windows/ grilles qde 6. varnish 7. automotive lacquer finish 8.
natural oil finish 9. special finishes 1. acre cast 2. spraytex 3. Alladin finish 10. roofing Portland cement
paintor Acrylic Paint B. Overhead/ Contingencies note: contractors tax insurance permits locational
clearances power and water for construction barangay clearance Updated Jan 12, 2006 FOR RESEARCH &
IMPROVEMENTS 48
X

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Welcome to this presentation. It explains how the investment cost for an Oil & Gas facility is estimated. After a
short introduction, the 3 common methods of cost estimate

Budget Estimate
Budget Estimate
Budget estimate, revised estimate, performance budget MEANING OF BUDGET: Budgeting though primarily
recognized as a device for controlling, becomes a major part of the planning

Estimate Formworks
Estimate Formworks
This chart is not for final design of formwork, which should be done only by a professional engineer; this chart
is for conceptual evaluation and cost estimating of formwork.

byron estimate
byron estimate
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
40 R 41 O 42 O 43 F I 44 N 45 G 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55

highway estimate
highway estimate
REBARS AND CONCRETE COMPUTATIONS Name of Work Item Unit of Measurement Output per hour
500-3 RCCP (36"dia) - 910 mm L.m. 16.00 Designation 1. Labor a. Construction Foreman

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