Binomial Theorem

Binomial Theorem:

(a + b)n = nC0an + nC1an-1 + nC2an-2 b2 + ...+ nCn 1a.bn-1 + nCnbn.

Some observations:

1. There are n+1 terms in the expansion.

2. Sum of indices of a and b is equal to n.
3. The nCr terms are known as binomial coefficients.

Some special cases:

1. (xy)n = nC0xn nC1xn 1 y + nC2xn 2 y2 + ... + (1)n nCn yn

2. (1 + x)n = nC0 + nC1x + nC2x2 + nC3x3 + ... + nCnxn
3. (1 x)n = nC0 nC1x + nC2x2 ... + ( 1)n nCnxn

General and Middle term:

1. In the binomial expansion for (a + b)n, we observe that the first term is
n
C0an, the second term is nC1an1b, the third term is nC2an2b2, and so on. Looking
at the pattern of the successive terms we can say that the (r + 1)th term is
n
Cranrbr. The (r + 1)th term is also called the general term of the expansion
(a + b)n. It is denoted by Tr+1. Thus Tr+1 = nCr anrbr.

2. If n is even .. middle term is {(n/2)+1}th term.

3. If n is odd there will be 2 middle terms.

+1 +1
2
And 2
+ 1 terms.