1.

Design Condition for Abumen -1

1.1 Superstructure
Prestressed Bridge by WIKA for 30 M span

1.2 Substructure
Abutment : Rectangular Type

1.3 Foundation
Pile type : Reinforced concrete Pile
Diameter (D) : 40 mm
Thickness (t) : 10 mm
Moment inertia (I) : #REF! cm4
Weight : 301.44 kg/m

1.4 Strength of materials and allowable stress

Concrete
Abutment
Unit weight c 2.5
Compressive strength at 28 days ck 210
Allowable compressive stress due to bending ca 70
Allowable shear stress carried by concrete a1 = 0.25*(ck) 0.5
3.62
Allowable shear stress carried by concrete a2 = 1.06*(ck) 0.5
15.36
and shear reinforcement
Allowable punching shear stress a3 8.5
Allowable vertical bearing stress ba = 0.5*ck 105
Allowable horizontal bearing stress ba
'
= 0.3*ck 63
Modulus of elasticity Ec = 4300*c1.5*ck0.5 2.5.E+05
t/m3
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2

kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
 b1 b2 b3 b4 b4'

Dimensi m
11 h8 b1 0.20
h1 b2 0.80
h1 1 b3 0.30
2 h9 b4 0.30
h1 b4' 1.40
b5 0.80
h22 3 5 b6 1.00
6
h10 b7 2.00
h3 12
4
B 3.80
h1 1.53
h2 1.00
HWL
h3 0.20
h4 2.70
` h5 0.25
H 14 h6 0.55
h7 2.00
h4 13 h8 0.50
h7 7 h9 2.23
h10 0.50
H 6.23

h5 8 9 15

h6 10

b6 b5 b7
'
Origin (O)
B
2.2. Earth Pressure
1. Earth Pressure Coefficient
(a) Normal Condition :
= 9.52 degree (See Soil Investigation BD02)
= /3 = 3.17 degree
= 0 degree
= 0 degree

Ka = cos2(-) / (cos2.cos(+).(1+(sin(+).sin()/cos(+).cos(-))0.5)2) = 0.687

(b) Seismic Condition :

Kh = 0.14
= tan Kh =
-1
7.97 degree
= 9.52 degree
= /2 = 4.76 degree
= 0 degree
= 0 degree

Kae = cos2(-) / (cos.cos2.cos(+).(1+(sin(+).sin()/cos(+).cos(-))0.5)2) =

2. Earth Pressure
Data:
H = 6.23 m
hw = h6 + h7 = 2.55 m
t = 1.66 t/m3
w = 1.00 t/m3
sub = 0.66 t/m3
q = 1.00 t/m2

(a) Normal Condition :

Pq
H
Pa

H/2
H/3

q.Ka s.Ka.H

Pa = 0.5*s*Ka*H2 = 22.13 t/m

Pah = Pa.cos
= 22.10 t/m
Pav = Pa.sin = 1.23 t/m

Pq = q.Ka.H = 4.28 t/m

Pqh = Pq.cos = 4.27 t/m
 Pqv = Pq.sin = 0.24 t/m

(b) Normal Condition at Buoyancy :

Pq
H
Pa

H/2 Pw hw
H/3 Paw

s.Ka.H w.hw
q.Ka
sub.Ka.hw

Pah = 22.10 t/m

Pav = 1.23 t/m
Pqh = 4.27 t/m
Pqv = 0.24 t/m

Paw = -0.5*sub*Ka*hw =
2
-1.47 t/m
Pawh = Paw.cos= -1.47 t/m
Pawv = Paw.sin = -0.08 t/m

Pw = Pwh = 0.5*w*hw2 = 3.25 t/m

(c) Seismic Condition :

H
Pa

H/3

s.Kae.H

= 0.5*s*Kae*H =
2
Pa 28.43 t/m
Pav = Pa.cos = 28.33 t/m
Pqh = Pa.sin = 2.36 t/m

(d) Seismic Condition at Buoyancy :

H
Pa
Pw hw
H/3 Paw

s.Kae.H w.hw

sub.Ka.hw

Pah = 28.33 t/m

Pav = 2.36 t/m

Paw = -0.5*sub*Kae*hw =
2
-1.89 t/m
Pawh = Paw.cos = -1.89 t/m
Pawv = Paw.sin = -0.16 t/m

Pw = Pwh = 0.5*w*hw2 = 3.25 t/m

0.882
2.3. Reaction of Superstructure
L (length of abutment) 9.00 m

Support reaction for span 30 m (Prestressed Bridge)

DL 278.98 t
Llwith impact 141.67 t
DL + LL 420.65 t
Kh 0.14

Normal Condition :
Rv = (DL + LL)/L 46.74 t/m

Seismic Condition :
Rv = DL/L 31.00 t/m
Rh = Rv.Kh 4.34 t/m
2.4. Acting Force at Bottom of Footing

Rv

Origin (O) B

H = 6.23 m
B = 3.80 m
L = 9.00 m

1. Normal Condition
V(t/m) H(t/m) x(m) y(m) V.x (tm/m) H.y (tm/m)
Abutment 34.94 78.54
Earth Earth pressure Pa 1.23 22.10 3.80 2.08 4.66 45.89
pressure Surcharge Pq 0.24 4.27 3.80 3.12 0.90 13.31
Superstructure 46.74 1.00 46.74
83.14 26.37 130.84 59.20
e = (B/2) - ((V.x - H.y)/V) = 1.04 m

2. Normal Condition at Buoyancy

V(t/m) H(t/m) x(m) y(m) V.x (tm/m) H.y (tm/m)
Abutment 30.50 70.93
Earth Pa 1.23 22.10 3.80 2.08 4.66 45.89
Earth pressure Paw -0.08 -1.47 3.80 0.85 -0.31 -1.25
pressure Surcharge Pq 0.24 4.27 3.80 3.12 0.90 13.31
Water pressure Pw 3.25 0.85 2.76
Superstructure 46.74 1.00 46.74
78.62 28.15 122.92 60.71
e = (B/2) - ((V.x - H.y)/V) = 1.11 m

Rv

Rh
 H

Origin (O) B

3. Seismic Condition
V(t/m) H(t/m) x(m) y(m) V.x (tm/m) H.y (tm/m)
Abutment 34.94 4.89 2.25 3.16 78.54 15.46
Earth pressure Pa 2.36 28.33 3.80 2.08 8.96 58.83
Superstructure 31.00 4.34 1.00 4.70 31.00 20.40
68.30 37.56 118.51 94.68
e = (B/2) - ((V.x - H.y)/V) = 1.55 m

Note:
Habutment = Kh.Vabutment
Kh = 0.14

4. Seismic Condition at Buoyancy

V(t/m) H(t/m) x(m) y(m) V.x (tm/m) H.y (tm/m)
Abutment 30.50 4.89 3.16 70.93 15.46
Earth Pa 2.36 28.33 3.80 2.08 8.96 58.83
Earth pressure Paw -0.16 -1.89 3.80 0.85 -0.60 -1.60
pressure
Water pressure Pw 3.25 0.85 2.76
Superstructure 31.00 4.34 1.00 4.70 31.00 20.40
63.70 38.92 110.30 95.84
e = (B/2) - ((V.x - H.y)/V) = 1.67 m

2.5. Stress at Bottom of Footing

Allowable Stress Qa :
Based on soil of investigation on SD05 :
- depth of footing = -2.00 m (from soil surface)
- B = footing width = 380.00 cm
- qc = 120 kg/cm2
From Meyerhoff formula :
Qa = (qc/50)* [ (B+0.3)/B ]2 so :

Qa = 2.40 kg/cm2 = 24.00 t/m2

Stress at bottom of footing :

 q = V/A (1+ (6e/B) )

Condition V (t) A (m2) B (m) e (m) q (t/m2) EVALUASI

Normal 83.14 34.20 3.80 1.04 6.42 < 24.00 Ok
Normal at buyoancy 78.62 34.20 3.80 1.11 6.32 < 24.00 Ok
Seismic 68.30 34.20 3.80 1.55 6.89 < 24.00 Ok
Seismic at Buoyancy 63.70 34.20 3.80 1.67 6.78 < 24.00 Ok

2.6. Stability at Bottom of Footing

Normal Condition : Seismic Condition :
- Overtuning : SF = V / H > 2.00 - Overtuning : SF = V / H > 1.25
- Sliding : SF = V / H > 1.50 - Sliding : SF = V / H > 1.00

Overtuning Sliding
Condition r (tm) Mo(tm) SF V (t) (t) SF
Normal 130.84 59.20 2.21 Ok 83.14 26.37 3.15
Normal at buyoancy 122.92 60.71 2.02 Ok 78.62 28.15 2.79
Seismic 118.51 94.68 1.25 Ok 68.30 37.56 1.82
Seismic at Buoyancy 110.30 95.84 1.15 Ok 63.70 38.92 1.64
H.y (tm/m)

H.y (tm/m)
H.y (tm/m)

H.y (tm/m)
Ok
Ok
Ok
Ok
Sx'

Sx

Sx

Sx

Sx

Sx

Sx

Sx'
2.9. Thickness of Footing for Rigid Foundation
Thickness h of footing is available if :

1.00 : 2.06 < 1

where :
= (3k/(Eh3))1/4 = 0.46
= max (l or b)
l = L/2 = 4.50 m
b = B/2 = 1.90 m

where:
k = Kv*(m*n/L*B) = 11,081 t/m
E = 2.5E+06 t/m2
h = 0.68 m
L = 9.00 m
B = 3.80 m
m = 2.00
n = 7.00

Kv = a*Ap*Ep/Lp = 2.71E+04 t/m

where:
Ap = 0.1256 m2
Ep = 2.46E+06 t/m2
Lp = 10.00 m
D = 0.40 m
a = 0.027*(Lp/D) + 0.2 = 0.8750 m
2.8. Strength of Pile Head-Footing Connection
1. Vertical Bearing Stress of Footing
P = 61.38 ton
D = 40 cm
ca = P/(0.25*3.14*D2) = 48.87 kg/cm2 ba = 105.00 kg/cm2

2. Punching Shear Stress of Footing

h
footing
l

pile

P = 61.38 ton
h = 57.50 cm
D = 40 cm
l = 10 cm
v = P/(4*(D+h)*h) = 2.74 kg/cm2 a3 = 8.50 kg/cm2

3. Horizontal Bearing Stress of Footing

H = 24.15 ton
ch = H/(D*l) = 60.36 kg/cm2 ba' = 94.50 kg/cm2 OK

4. Horizontal Punching Shear Stress of Footing

h'

H = 24.15 ton
footing Sx' = 90.00 cm
h' = 70.00 cm

pile

Sx'

h = H/(h'*(2*l+D+2*h') = 1.72 kg/cm2 a3 = 12.75 kg/cm2

2.9. Thickness of Footing for Rigid Foundation

Thickness h of footing is available if :

1.00 : 2.06 < 1

where :
= (3k/(Eh3))1/4 = 0.46
= max (l or b) :
l = L/2 = 4.50 m
b = B/2 = 1.90 m

where:
k = Kv*(m*n/L*B) = 11,081 t/m
E = 2.5E+06 t/m2
h = 0.68 m
L = 9.00 m
B = 3.80 m
m = 2.00
n = 7.00

Kv = a*Ap*Ep/Lp = 2.71E+04 t/m

where:
Ap = 0.1256 m2
Ep = 2.46E+06 t/m2
Lp = 10.00 m
D = 0.40 m
a = 0.027*(Lp/D) + 0.2 = 0.8750 m
OK

OK

OK
2.10. Design of Footing
- Toe footing :

B
A

A A
Q1
sx' b'

b = 1.00 m
sx' = 0.90 m
sx = 1.20 m
b' = 0.10 m
np = 7.00
h = 0.68 m
L = 9.00 m
c = 2.50 t/m3

A - A Section :
Seismic
Normal at
Normal Seismic at
buoyancy
buoyancy
Qp (ton) 61.38 58.55 53.64 50.74
Piles reaction (ton.m) 42.96 40.98 37.54 35.52
Footing (ton.m) -7.59 -7.59 -7.59 -7.59
M (ton.m) 35.37 33.39 19.98 18.62

Seismic
Normal at
Normal Seismic at
buoyancy
buoyancy
Qp (ton) 61.38 58.55 53.64 50.74
Piles reaction (ton) 429.64 409.84 375.45 355.17
Footing (ton) -15.19 -15.19 -15.19 -15.19
Q (ton) 414.45 394.65 240.29 226.77

B - B Section :
Seismic
Normal at
Normal Seismic at
buoyancy
buoyancy
Qp (ton) 61.38 58.55 53.64 50.74
Piles reaction (ton) 429.64 409.84 375.45 355.17
Footing (ton) -13.67 -13.67 -13.67 -13.67
Q (ton) 415.97 396.17 241.31 227.78

- Rear footing :
B
A

Q3
A B

b' sy'
b

b = 2.00 m
sy' = 0.90 m
b' = 1.10 m
m = 7.00
h = 0.68 m
L = 9.00 m
c = 2.50 t/m3
s = 1.66 t/m3

Earth pressure :
Normal :
Pv = (Pav+Pqv) / (b/2) = 1.46 t/m2
Normal at buoyancy :
Pv = (Pav+Pqv+Pawv) / (b/2) = 1.38 t/m2
Seismic :
Pv = (Pav) / (b/2) = 1.23 t/m2
Seismic at buoyancy :
Pv = (Pav+Pawv) / (b/2) = 0.70 t/m2

A - A Section :
Seismic
Normal at
Normal Seismic at
buoyancy
buoyancy
Qp (ton) 61.38 58.55 53.64 50.74
Piles reaction (ton.m) 472.61 450.82 412.99 390.69
Footing (ton.m) -30.38 -30.38 -30.38 -30.38
Backfill (ton.m) -61.28 -61.28 -61.28 -61.28
Earth pressure (tm) -17.54 -16.57 -14.70 -8.42
M (ton.m) 424.78 401.14 240.30 227.68

Seismic
Normal at
Normal Seismic at
buoyancy
buoyancy
Qp (ton) 61.38 58.55 53.64 50.74
Piles reaction (ton) 429.64 409.84 375.45 355.17
Footing (ton) -30.38 -30.38 -30.38 -30.38
Backfill (ton) -61.28 -61.28 -61.28 -61.28
Earth pressure (ton) -26.32 -24.85 -22.05 -12.64
Q (ton) 373.04 351.88 210.35 201.18

B - B Section :
Seismic
Normal at
Normal Seismic at
buoyancy
buoyancy
Qp (ton) 61.38 58.55 53.64 50.74
Piles reaction (ton) 429.64 409.84 375.45 355.17
Footing (ton) -30.38 -30.38 -30.38 -30.38
Backfill (ton) -61.28 -61.28 -61.28 -61.28
Earth pressure (ton) -10.92 -10.31 -9.15 -5.24
Q (ton) 388.44 366.41 328.27 309.01
2.11. Design of Wall
1. Earth Pressure at Wall :
- Earth pressure coefficient :
Normal condition
= 9.52 degree
/3= 3.17 degree
= 0 degree
= 0 degree

Ka = cos2(-) / (cos2.cos(+).(1+(sin(+).sin()/cos(+).cos(-))0.5)2) = 0.687

Seismic condition
Kh = 0.14
= tan Kh =
-1
7.97 degree
= 9.52 degree
/2= 4.76 degree
= 0 degree
= 0 degree

Kae = cos2(-) / (cos.cos2.cos(+).(1+(sin(+).sin()/cos(+).cos(-))0.5)2) =

- Earth Pressure :
Data:
H = 5.43 m
s = 1.66 t/m3
q = 1.00 t/m2

Normal condition :

Pq
H
Pa

H/2
H/3

q.Ka s.Ka.H

Pa = 0.5*s*Ka*H2 = 16.81 t/m

Pah = Pa.cos = 16.79 t/m
Pav = Pa.sin = 0.93 t/m

Pq = q.Ka.H = 3.73 t/m

Pqh = Pq.cos = 3.72 t/m
Pqv = Pq.sin = 0.21 t/m
 Seismic condition :

H
Pa

H/3

s.Kae.H

Pa = 0.5*s*Kae*H2 = 21.60 t/m

Pah = Pa.cos = 21.52 t/m
Pav = Pa.sin = 1.79 t/m

2. Moment Force at Wall:

- Normal Condition :
M = H.y
V(t/m) H(t/m) y(m)
(tm/m)
Wall of abutment 12.56
Earth Earth pressure 0.93 16.79 1.81 30.38
pressure Surcharge 0.21 3.72 2.72 10.11
Superstructure 46.74
60.43 20.51 40.50

- Seismic Condition
M = H.y
V(t/m) H(t/m) y(m)
(tm/m)
1 2.05 0.29 4.07 1.17
Wall of 2 1.67 0.23 3.82 0.89
abutment 3 0.50 0.07 3.40 0.24
4 0.05 0.01 2.83 0.02
5 2.20 0.31 3.40 1.05
6 0.19 0.03 2.53 0.07
7 5.90 0.83 1.48 1.22
Earth pressure 1.79 21.5 0.63 13.63
Superstructure 31.00 4.34 4.70 20.40
45.3 27.6 38.67

Note:
Habutment = Kh.Vabutment
Kh = 0.14
0.882
2.12. Design of Parapet Wall
Rear side of parapet wall

bb L

hb d
hslab
h b

Parapet wall h = 1.53 m

bb = 0.30 m
hb = 0.50 m
hslab = 0.25 m
d = 0.25 m
Calculation at seismic condition : L = 3.00 m
Kh = 0.14
Kae = 0.88

M = H*y
W (t) H (t) y (m)
(tonm)
Parapet wall = bb*hb*c 1.91 0.27 0.25 0.067
Approach slab = hslab*L*c 1.88 0.26 0.125 0.033
Earth pressure = 0.5*Kae*t*d2 0.05 0.33 0.015
Surchage = q*Kae*d 0.22 0.13 0.028
0.58 0.115
2.13. Design of Approach Slab

d
hslab

hslab 0.25 m
d = 0.25 m
L = 3.00 m
l = 0.7*L = 2.10 m

Load :
Dead load :
Pavement = d*s = 0.42 t/m2
Slab = hslb*c = 0.63 t/m2
Wd = 1.04 t/m2

Live load :

10 t

d
D

lo = 0.3 + 2D 2.75m

p = 2*10*(1+ i) / (2.75*(0.3 + 2d)) = 11.82 t/m2

Bending moment :
lo = 0.3+2d = 0.80 m

lo

l
Md = (1/8)*Wd*l2 = 0.57 tm/m
Ml = (1/4)*p*lo*(l - (1/2)lo) = 4.02 tm/m
M = 4.59 tm/m
2.14. Design of Wing Wall

w
P1

wing wall H

P2

h = 2.95 m
w = 1.70 m

P1 = 0.000 t/m2
P2 = Ka.t.h = 3.364 t/m2
Paverage = (P1+P2)/2 = 1.682 t/m2
q = 1,5.Paverage = 2.523 t/m2

Structure modelling of wing wall :

iM

Yield line
a

iM
Structure analysis :
im = 1.00
a =w = 1.70 m
b =h-a = 1.25 m

KD = ((M+iM).a.(1/a)).2 + iM.b.(1/a) = 4.74 M

KL = (0,5.a2.q.(1/3)) + a.b.q.0,5 = 5.11

M = KL/KD = 1.08 tm/m

S = P2 = 3.364 t/m
 Table. Stress Analysis of Abutment

Member Abutment Parapet Approach

Point Toe Rear Wall Wall Slab
Dimensions
b (cm) 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
h (cm) 67.50 67.50 80.00 50.00 25.00
d' (cm) 10.00 10.00 7.00 2.50 2.50
d (cm) 57.50 57.50 73.00 47.50 22.50
n 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00 21.00
Internal Force
M (kgcm) 393004 2529724 3867462 11501 459148
N (kg) 0 0 45347 1913 0
Q (kg) 46050 22353 27618 576 0
Calculation
u=d-h/2 (cm) 23.750 23.750 33.000 22.500 10.000
f=M/N+u (cm) 118.285 28.514
M'=M+Nu (kgcm) 393004 2529724 5363922 54532 459148
Judge-1 (Middle-third cond.)
e=M/N (cm) 85.285 6.014
h/6 (cm) 11.250 11.250 13.333 8.333 4.167
Judge. M-dominant M-dominant M-dominant N-dominant M-dominant
Minimum Re-bar (%) 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.80 0.20
Req. conc. area (cm2) 5,750.0 5,750.0 7,300.0 27.321 2,250.0
Asreq (cm2) 11.500 11.500 14.600 0.219 4.500
Re-bar Arrangement
As (cm2) 42.846 42.846 52.970 19.109 19.109

p=As/bd 0.00745 0.00745 0.00726 0.00402 0.00849

=N/A (kg/cm2) 0.000 0.000 5.668 0.383 0.000
c=/(1+np) (kg/cm2) 0.000 0.000 4.919 0.353 0.000
s=n/(1+np)* (kg/cm2) 0.000 0.000 103.296 7.407 0.000
=Q/bh (kg/cm2) 6.822 3.312 3.452 0.115 0.000
Re-bar
As (tension bar) (cm2) 42.846 42.846 52.970 19.109 19.109
D29@150 D29@150 D32@150 D19@150 D19@150
As' (compres. bar) (cm2) 21.423 21.423 52.970

Parameter for C, S, Z
=d'/d 0.174 0.174 0.096 0.053 0.111
=f/d 0.000 0.000 1.620 0.600 0.000
=As'/As 0.500 0.500 1.000 0.000 0.000
p =As/bd 0.00745 0.00745 0.00726 0.00402 0.00849
np 0.156 0.156 0.152 0.084 0.178
k 0.394 0.394 0.349 0.335 0.445

C 4.826 4.826 3.938 6.718 5.278

S 7.423 7.423 7.360 13.326 6.583
0.394 0.394 0.349 0.335 0.445
Z 1.162 1.162 1.121 1.126 1.174
Stress
c=M'*C/(b*d^2) (kg/cm2) 5.736 36.923 39.642 1.624 47.866
s=M'*S*n/(b*d^2) (kg/cm2) 185.289 1192.688 1555.687 67.635 1253.872
=Q*Z/(b*d) (kg/cm2) 9.302 4.515 4.243 0.137 0.000
Allowable Stress
ca (kg/cm2) 70.00 105.00 105.00 70.00 70.00
sa (kg/cm2) 1400.00 2100.00 2100.00 1400.00 1400.00
a (kg/cm2) 3.60 5.40 5.40 3.60 3.60
Judgement
c OK! OK! OK! OK!! OK!
s OK! OK! OK! OK!! OK!
NO! OK! OK! OK!! OK!
N 0.000 0.000 45347.280 1912.500 0.000
N=0
k= 0.394 0.394 0.349 0.335 0.445

N not equal 0
(Trial calcualation)
k1 0.401 0.401 0.401 0.401 0.401
k2= -0.906 -0.906 0.552 1.423 #DIV/0!
eps 1.308 1.308 0.151 1.021 #DIV/0!
Wing Slab

100.00
40.00
2.50
37.50
21.00

107946
0
3364

17.500

107946

6.667
M-dominant
0.20
3,750.0
7.500

19.109

0.00510
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.841

19.109
D19@150
9.555

0.067
0.000
0.500
0.00510
0.107
 0.336

5.280
10.417
0.336
1.115

4.053
167.915
1.000

70.00
1400.00
3.60

OK!
OK!
OK!
0.000

0.336

0.401
-1.331
1.733
Deformed Bar (JIS G 3112)

Cross
Actual Unit Actual
Dia. Sectional Spacing
Diameter Weight Circumference
Area
mm mm cm2 kg/m cm 50 75
D 6 6.35 0.317 0.2487 2.00 6.34 4.22
D 10 9.53 0.714 0.5602 3.00 14.27 9.51
D 13 12.7 1.267 0.9948 3.99 25.35 16.90
D 16 15.9 1.986 1.5593 5.00 39.73 26.48
D 19 19.1 2.866 2.2501 6.00 57.33 38.22
D 22 22.2 3.872 3.0398 6.98 77.45 51.63
D 25 25.4 5.069 3.9793 7.98 101.38 67.59
D 29 28.6 6.427 5.0451 8.99 128.54 85.69
D 32 31.8 7.945 6.2372 9.99 158.91 105.94
D 35 34.9 9.570 7.5125 10.97 191.40 127.60
D 38 38.1 11.406 8.9533 11.97 228.11 152.07
D 41 41.3 13.402 10.5205 12.98 268.04 178.69
D 51 50.8 20.276 15.9170 15.97 405.53 270.35

Round Bar (JIS G319)

Cross
Dia. Sectional Unit Weight
Area
mm cm2 kg/m
6 0.283 0.2220
7 0.385 0.3022
8 0.503 0.3947
9 0.636 0.4996
10 0.786 0.6168
11 0.951 0.7463
12 1.131 0.8882
13 1.328 1.0424
14 1.540 1.2089
16 2.011 1.5790
18 2.546 1.9984
19 2.836 2.2266
20 3.143 2.4671
22 3.803 2.9852
24 4.526 3.5527
25 4.911 3.8549
 100 125 150 200 250
3.17 2.53 2.11 1.58 1.27
7.14 5.71 4.76 3.57 2.85
12.67 10.14 8.45 6.34 5.07
19.86 15.89 13.24 9.93 7.95
28.66 22.93 19.11 14.33 11.47
38.72 30.98 25.82 19.36 15.49
50.69 40.55 33.79 25.35 20.28
64.27 51.41 42.85 32.13 25.71
79.45 63.56 52.97 39.73 31.78
95.70 76.56 63.80 47.85 38.28
114.06 91.24 76.04 57.03 45.62
134.02 107.21 89.35 67.01 53.61
202.76 162.21 135.18 101.38 81.11