1.

The dry bulb temperature and dew point of ambient air were found
to be 302 K (29oC) and 291 K(18oC) respectively, Barometer reads 100
kPa. Calculate:

(a) The absolute molal humidity,

(b)The absolute humidity,
(c) % RH,
(d)% Saturation,
(e) Humid heat and
(f) Humid volume

Data: Vapour pressure of water at 291 K = 2.0624 kPa vapour pressure

of water at 302 K=4.004 kPa.

Solution:

Air-water vapour mixture with DB = 302 K and DP = 291 K.

At DP, partial pressure of water in air is equal to vapour pressure of water.

PA = partial pressure of water vapour in air = 2.0624 kPa

P=total pressure = 100 kPa

PA
Absolute molal humidity = Hm
P PA
2.0624
=
100-2.0624
kmol water vapour
=0.02106
kmol dry air
.....Ans. (a)

Mol. Wt. H2O=18,Mol. Wt. air =29

 Mol.wt.H2O
Absolute humidity =H= Hm
Mol.wt.air
18
=0.02106
19
kg water vapour
=0.0131
kg dry air
.....Ans. (b)

At saturation,

DB=WB=DP=302K

Vapour pressure at saturation i.e. at 302K=P 6=4.004kPa.

PA
% RH = 100
P6
2.0624
= 100
4.004
=51.51
.......Ans(c)

P Mol.wt.H2O
Saturation humidity = H8 8
P P6 Mol.wt.air

4.004 18
H8
100 4.004 29
kg water vapour
=0.02589=
kg dry air

H
% saturation = 100
H5

0.0131
= 100
0.02589

.Ans.(d)

Humid heat = Ca = 1.006+1.84H

=1.006+1.884 0.0131

=1.03kJ/kg dry air K .Ans. (e)

 H 1
Humid volume = VH 22.4136
MA Ms
DB 101.325

273 P
0.0131 1 302 101.325
= 22.4136 100
18 19 273
=0.8846m3 / kg dry air .....Ans.(e)

2. A mixture of benzene and dry air at a temperature of 303 K(30 oC)

and a pressure of 101.325 kPa is found to have a dew point of 288
K(15oC).

Calculate:

(a) Percentage by volume of benzene.

(b)Moles of benzene per mole dry air.
Data: Vapour pressure of benzene at 288K=7.999 kPa.

Solution:

Basis : A mixture of benzene and dry air at 101.325 kPa.

PA = Partial pressure of benzene in mixture.

= vapour pressure at 288 K.

= 7.999 kPa.

For ideal gas mixture,

Volume % = mole % = pressure %.

PA
Volume % of benzene= 100
P
7.999
= 100
101.325
=7.9
....Ans.(a)
1 mol of mixture

Benzene present = 0.0791=0.079 mol.

Dry air present = 1-0.079=0.921 mol.

0.079
Moles benzene per mole of air=
0.921
=0.086 ....Ans(b)

3. A mixture of acetone vapour and nitrogen contains 15.8% acetone

by volume. Calculate the relative and percent saturation of the
mixture at a temperature of 293 K(20 oC) and a pressure of 101.325
kPa.

Data: Vapour pressure of acetone at 293 K = 24.638 kPa.

Solution:

Basis: 1 mol of acetone nitrogen mixture.

Mol % acetone = volume % acetone = 15.8

15.8
Molfraction of acetone in mixture = y =
100

P= total pressure = 101.325 kPa.

PA=partial pressure of acetone = y.P

=0.158 101.325

=64.98 ..(Ans)

Hm = Moles acetone per mole nitrogen in gas mixture

0.158

1 0.158
0.1876

Consider one mole of saturated mixture at 293 K(20 oC) and 101.325 kPa.
 Volume % acetone Pr essure % acetone

in saturated mixture in saturated mixture
24.638
Volume % acetone = 100
101.325
=24.31

Mole % acetone in saturated mixture = volume % acetone

= 24.31
24.31
Acetone in saturated mixture = 1
100

=0.2431 mol

Nitrogen in saturated mixture = 1-0.2431

=0.7569 mol

HmS moles acetone per mole nitrogen in saturated mixture

0.2431
=
0.7569

= 58.40 ..Ans.

4. A gas mixture containing benzene vapour is saturated at

101.325kPa and 323 K(50 oC). Calculate the absolute humidity if the
other component of the mixture in (a) nitrogen and (b) carbon dioxide.

Data: vapour pressure of benzene at 323 K=36.664 kPa.

Solution:

Basis : A gas mixture at 101.325 kPa and 323 K.

(a) Nitrogen and benzene vapour mixture.

Mol Wt. N2=28, Mol Wt. C6H6=78

As the mixture is saturated at 323K, the partial pressure of benzene is
equal to vapour pressure of benzene at 323 K.

PA =36.664 kPa

P=101.325 kPa
PA
Hm
P PA
36.664
=
101.325-36.664
kmol benzene vapour
=0.567
kmol nitrogen

Mol wt.C6H6
Absolute humidity = Hm
Mol wt. N2
78
=0.567
28
kg benzene
=1.579 .....Ans.(a)
kg nitrogen

(b) Carbon dioxide benzene vapour mixture.

Mol Wt. CO2 = 44

PA = 36.664 kPa

P =101.325 kPa
 PA
Hm
P PA

36.664
=
101.325-36.664
Kmol benzene vapour
=0.567
kmol carbon dioxide
Mol wt. C6H6
Absolutehumidity Hm
Mol wt. CO2

78
=0.567
44
kg benzene
=1.005 ....Ans(b)
kg carbon dioxide

5. The dry bulb temperature and dew point of ambient air were found
to be 303 K(30oC) and 289 K(16oC) respectively. Calculate (i) the
absolute molal humidity, (ii) the absolute humidity, (iii) the % RH, (iv)
the % saturation and (v) the humid heat.

Data: Vapour pressure of water at 289 K = 1.818 kPa

Vapour pressure of water at 303 K= 4.243 Kpa

Barometric pressure = 100 kPa

Solution:

Basis : Air water mixture at DB = 303 K and DP = 289 K.

Partial pressure of water in air = Vapour pressure of water at DP

PA =1.818kPa

=Partial pressure of water vapour in air

P=total pressure

=100 kPa
 PA
Absolute molal humidity = Hm =
P PA

1.818

100 1.818
kmol water vapour
0.01852 .....Ans.(i)
kmol dry air

Mol Wt. H2O=18, Mol Wt. air = 29

Mol.Wt.H2O
Hm
Mol Wt. air
18
Absolute humidity = H 0.01852
29
kg water vapour
0.0115 ....Ans.(ii)
kg dry air

At saturation,

DB=WB=DP=303K

Vapour pressure of water at saturation = 4.243 kPa

i.e. at 303 K

Pa = 4.243 kPa
PA
100
Pa
1.818
%RH= 100
4.243
42.85 .....Ans(iii)
 P Mol wt. H2O
8
P P3 Mol wt.air

Saturation humidity = H8=

4.243 18

100 4.243 29
kg water vapour
0.0275
kg dry air

H
% Saturation = 100
H8
0.0115
= 100
0.0275
=41.82 .....Ans(iv)

Humid heat = C8 1.006 1.84H

=1.006+1.84 0.0115

=1.0272 kJ/kg dry air. K ......Ans(v)