OSPREY Ba ac Men-at-Arms Early Roman Armies N Sekunda & S Nor ood - Illustrated by Richard HookFirst published in Great Britain in 1995 by Osprey Publishing, lms Court, Chapel Way, Botley, (Oxford OX2 9LP, United Kingdom. Email info@ospreypublishing com © 1995 Osprey Publishing Lad Reprinted 1997, 1999, 2001 Series Editor: MARTIN WINDROW All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing forthe purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, a8 permitted under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, ‘stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form ‘or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, ‘mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or ‘otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright ‘owner. Enquiries should be addressed tothe Publishers. ISBN 185532 513 6 Filmset in Great Britain Printed in China throught World Print Led Fon \ CATALOGUE OF ALL BOOKS FUBLSHED BY Oseney MILrrany AND AVIATION PLEASE.CoNTACR, ‘The Marketing Manager, Osprey Direct UK, PO Box 140, Wellingborough, Northants, [NS 42A, United Kingdom. Email: info@ospreydirect.couk ‘The Marketing Manager, Osprey Direct USA, «/o Motorbooks International, PO Bas 1, Osceola, ‘WL 54020-0001, USA. Email: info@ospreydiretusa.com wwwospreypublishing.com Acknowledgments ‘The authors would like to thank Dr. J. Briscoe and Mr. ‘TJ. Quinn for their help in the writing of this book. ‘They would also like to express a debt of gratitude to Peter Connolly, whose book Greece and Rome at War, which constituted the first attempt to integrate the historical and archacological evidence dealing with the army of Archaic Rome, has been a constant source of reference, Artist’s note Readers may care to note that the original paintings from which the colour plates in this book were pre- pared are available for private sale. All reproduction, copyright whatsoever is retained by the Publishers. All enquiries should be addressed to: Scorpio Gallery PO Box 475 Hailsham E, Sussex BN27 2SL_ ‘The Publishers regret that they can enter into no correspondence upon this matter.EARLY ROMAN ARMIES ROME’S EARLY HISTORY Early Rome and the Romans were only one of a number of peoples and settlements in Iron Age Italy Tibur From the earliest historical times Rome fell under cian bre ‘ a Pracneste the influence of her powerful Etruscan neighbours to R the north, and, indeed, throughout most of the sixth Acct NN century BC Rome was ruled by kings, the Tarquins, 7 oft velirae > ST? who came originally from the Etruscan city of Tarquinii, In 509 (according to later Roman tradi- tion) the last of these Etruscan kings, ‘Tarquinius Superbus, was expelled. Rome declared herself a Republic, and was governed by two annually elected magistrates known as ‘consuls’. For a while, how * Cou AN 4 NC cage P oe eens Ve eon cum sayy A 0 0 wm an N 0 50 100 km > 7 Ztarenwn