Dasar-

Dasar-Dasar Geoteknik dan Aplikasinya

dalam Dunia Pertambangan

Presented by:
Yan Adriansyah
Geotechnical & Hydrogeological Superintendent Mine Technical Services
PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara
Geotechnical Workshop Hasanuddin University, Makassar - April 2nd, 2016
Outlines :

Introduction

Background

Collection Data

Modeling & Slope Stability Analysis

Pit Wall Stabilization

Pit Slope Monitoring Program

Risk Analysis

Geotechnical Audit

Geotechnical Workshop Hasanuddin University, Makassar - April 2nd, 2016

 Pit Slope Design Philosophy..?

Geotechnical Workshop Hasanuddin University, Makassar - April 2nd, 2016

Batu Hijau Mine Location

Geotechnical Workshop Hasanuddin University, Makassar - April 2nd, 2016

Data Collection Geotech Drilling

Geotechnical Drilling
Background

Pit Floor getting deeper and wider; waste dump

getting higher

Optimizing geological deposit (ore/coal, etc.)
 unrenewable resources

Safety & Environmental issues

Pit design parameter need to change in line with
global ore/mineral prices

Comply to Govt. Regulation
 KepMen 555/1995; pasal 241
 Pedoman Pemantauan Kestabilan Lereng
Tambang dan Timbunan
Data Collection Laboratory Testing

Intact rock testing material

Obtain physical and
mechanical rock properties

Empirical approach

High cost and effort

Handling

Sometimes difficult to
find-out the suitable
laboratory to perform the
specific test requirement,
particularly in Indonesia.
Data Collection Geotech Mapping
Geotechnical Mapping

Orientasi struktur (kekar/patahan); kinematic analysis

Guidance utk wall treatment; pre-split, line drill atau
double treatment.
Data Collection RMR block model
Top View

X-Section View
Data Collection Structural model
Data Collection Combine RMR-Structure
Slope Stability Analysis Terminology Lereng

Read & Stacey, 2009

Slope Stability Analysis - Kinematic Analysis
Slope Stability Analysis - Kinematic Analysis
Slope Stability Analysis Limit Equilibrium
Slope Stability Analysis Limit Equilibrium
Slope Stability Analysis Limit Equilibrium
Slope Movement Monitoring

What, when, How and Who to be monitored?

Slope Movement Monitoring
Definition :
To observe a situation for any changes which may occur over time, using a monitor or
measuring device (http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/ensiklopedia)

OBSERVATION CHANGES

Quality of
Monitoring
Result

TIME TOOL
Slope Movement Monitoring
Objectives:

Kayesa (2006) :

Pit design verification

Early warning system

To give an update of the unstable area from the measurement result

To give a technical guarantee to the mine ops in regard to the current/latest of
stability status.

Management tool to measure the risk analysis that impacted by pit slope failure
Read & Stacey (2009) :

Prediction of all potential mechanism that control instability

Determination of parameters to be monitored and potential magnitude

Establishment of suitable monitoring system

Formulation of measurement procedures

Assignment of tasks for design, construction and operation of system

Planning of regular calibration and maintenance

Establishment of trigger action response plans to minimize impact of ground
movement.
Slope Movement Monitoring - Type of instrument
Tools :
 Surface Displacement
Visual inspection
Crackmeter/extensometer
Survey monitoring
GPS
Photogrametry
Laser Scanning
Radar
Tiltmeter
 Sub-
Sub-surface Displacement
Inclinometer
Micro-seismic
Piezometer (VWP)
Time domain reflectometer (TDR)
Slope Movement Monitoring Batu Hijau Mine

Monitoring Equipment:

Radar
4 units operates and 1 standby as back up.

Robotic Total Station
4 RTSs operates and 1 standby as back up.

Prism
At least around 250 pcs are installed

Inclinometer

High GPS precision

Displacement Extensometer
as required

Extensometer
as required
Slope Movement Monitoring - Radar
Slope Movement Monitoring Graph result
Slope Movement Monitoring Prisms distribution
Slope Movement Monitoring - RTS
Slope Movement Monitoring Scan region
Slope Movement Monitoring Graph result

Creep deformation

ES2015-489

ES2015-483
ES2015-484

Deformation behavior on the

prism prior to Failure-XX event.

ES2015-488

F#129
Failure event, 7 Oct 2015
Slope Movement Monitoring - Application

Zavodni & Broadbent, 1980

Slope Movement Monitoring - Application

Adriansyah, Y., 2014

Slope Movement Monitoring - Application
No. Nama Nilai Lokasi
Longsor Konstanta (K) Longsoran
 The analysis was performed
1 F#25 2,91 Lereng sisi timur
from the 19 events of pit wall
2 F#49 1,95 Lereng sisi timur
failure at Batu Hijau Mine F#53 2,35 Lereng sisi timur
3
PTNNT. 4 F#55 2,44 Lereng sisi barat
5 F#58 1,71 Lereng sisi timur
 The constant value of failure
6 F#64 2,45 Lereng sisi barat
event vary between 1.35
7 F#65 1,92 Lereng sisi timur
3.18; with average 2.39.
8 F#70 2,50 Lereng sisi timur
 The K value would be 9 F#78 3,18 Lereng sisi utara
different, it would be depends 10 F#79 3,60 Lereng sisi utara

on the type/strength of rock 11 F#80 2,48 Lereng sisi utara

12 F#82 2,99 Lereng sisi utara-barat
mass condition, structure and
13 F#87 2,85 Lereng sisi utara
geometry of the overall slope
14 F#88 2,78 Lereng sisi barat
height (Adriansyah, Y., 2014) F#89 1,35 Lereng sisi utara-barat
15
16 F#90A 1,55 Lereng sisi utara-timur
17 F#90B 2,01 Lereng sisi utara-timur
18 F#100 1,85 Lereng sisi barat
19 F#101 2,57 Lereng sisi barat
Pit Wall Stabilization

Design Modification; re-sloping,

widening catch berm, reduce
IRA/BFA/OA, etc.

Artificial Support:
- Cable Bolting
- Dowel

Buttressing

Reduce GWL pressure by
Horizontal Drilling

Blast Treatment
Pit Wall Stabilization Design Modification
Pit Wall Stabilization Cable Bolting
Equipment Support:

1 unit horizontal drill
machine, Vermeer type
supported by business
partner.

1 unit incline drill machine;
Roc F9 type owned by
PTNNT

1 unit telehandler

1 unit manlift

Cable tensioning unit; CT25
owned by business partner

Cable (25 m and 50 m)
Pit Wall Stabilization Cable Bolting
Cable Installation
Steps of Installation: Drilling

 Drilling
 Cable
Installation
 Grouting
 Strapping
 Tensioning Strapping - Tensioning
Grouting
Pit Wall Stabilization Dowel Installation
Pit Wall Stabilization Reducing GWL

HD Holes

Beale, G., 2013

Pit Wall Stabilization Reducing GWL
Horizontal Drains Reticulation system

HD Drilling

HD Holes
Blast Treatment

Types of Blasting at Open Pit Mine Operation :

Production Blast

Trim Blast, and
Pre--Split Blast

Pre
Blast Treatment Pre-Split Drilling
PRE-SPLIT BLAST

Definisi:
Definisi:
 Metode peledakan yang terdiri dari 1 baris/row
lubang tembak dengan jarak yang lebih rapat.
 Diameter lubang lebih kecil sepanjang batas
penggalian.
 Lubang bor dibuat incline menyesuaikan dengan
desain bench face angle/sudut lereng individu.

Tujuan:
Tujuan:

Membuat bidang bebas sebagai pencegah energi
peledakan (trim+prod blast) merambat/merusak
dinding/lereng yang direncanakan.

Toe-line achievement
 Risk Analysis
Committee Category Standards Champion Team
Working at Heights Working at Height, Ladders, Scaffolding, Elevated Paul Giles John Noldi, Eddy Suryawan, Arif
Work Platforms Gunawan
Yakub Imansah
Isolation Lock out Tag Out, Permit Systems, Andy Maclean Budi Susanto, Basna Bangun,
Mukhsin
Burhan Manurung, Rudy Susanto

Electrical Compliance Electrical Safety Brett Rae Andreas Santoso, Khairul Fahmi,
Teguh Pujiono, Eko Sucipto

Lifting Cranes, Rigging & Lifting Gear, Forklifts, Boom Trucks, Brett Ronald Timbuleng, Purwanto
Overhead Cranes Fairweather John Pickerill, Andries Smallberger
Dwi Widodo

Traffic Management LV, Mobile Equipment, Fatigue, Signs & Signage Cindy Lewis Anis M., Cindy Lewis, Frans
Batubarra
Juvens Goan
Confined Space Work Permit Systems Karl Smith Zainul Wahidin, Mustakim, Sumiardi
Dinar Aryasena, Eddy Riyanto
Ronald Timbuleng

Surface Ground Control Radars, Ground Control Mgt., Excavation, Wall Yan Adriansyah Syarifuddin AP, Muhammad Abbas
Treatment, Berms, Permitting Agus Sudarjat, Raymond Boyska

Fatigue Management FMS, Global initiatives, Clockwork Review Sunarto Suwito Paul Giles
TBA
Geotechnial Audit
The audit is one of the most important aspect for the
mining company, why???

 Kepastian kelangsungan operasional

 Trust atau kepercayaan pasar modal (stock
exchange & loan korporasi bank)
 Pemenuhan terhadap regulasi pemerintah
 Continuous improvement bagi
praktisi/geotechnial engineer
 Skill/competency engineer (Geotechnical)
yang memenuhi/exceed
memenuhi/exceed of the global standard
 Terima Kasih; any questions and/or
comments, please!
YAN ADRIANSYAH
Business Email : yan.adriansyah@nnt.co.id
Personal Email : yan.adriansyah74@gmail.com
Phone Number : +62 811 394 9575
Geotechnical & Hydrogeological Dept.
Mine Technical Services PTNNT

Education :

Bachelor Degree Of Engineering Geology,
1992 1997

Magister of Engineering Geology; 2012
2014.

Ph.D Student; 2015 now (Padjadjaran
University)