VOLCANIC GASES

-Molten rock (either magma or lava) near the

atmosphere releases high-temperature volcanic
gas (>400 C). In explosive volcanic eruptions,
sudden release of gases from magma may cause
rapid movements of the molten rock. When the
magma encounters water, seawater, lake water or
groundwater, it can be rapidly fragmented.

CARBON DIOXIDE
-a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning
carbon and organic compounds and by respiration. It
is naturally present in air (about 0.03 percent) and is
absorbed by plants in photosynthesis.

EFFECTS OF CARBON DIOXIDE

-The extra carbon dioxide increases the
greenhouse effect. More heat is trapped by the
atmosphere, causing the planet to become warmer
than it would be naturally. The increase in global
temperature this causes is called global warming.

CARBON MONOXIDE
-a colorless, odorless toxic flammable gas formed by
incomplete combustion of carbon.

EFFECTS OF CARBON MONOXIDE

-Breathing CO can
cause headache, dizziness, vomiting,
and nausea. If CO levels are high enough, you may
become unconscious or die. Exposure to moderate
and high levels of CO over long periods of time has
also been linked with increased risk of heart
disease.

SULFUR DIOXIDE
-a colorless pungent toxic gas formed by burning
sulfur in air.
EFFECTS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE
-It irritates the nose, throat, and airways to cause
coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, or a tight
feeling around the chest. The effects of sulfur
dioxide are felt very quickly and most people would
feel the worst symptoms in 10 or 15 minutes after
breathing it in.

FLUORINE
-the chemical element of atomic number 9, a
poisonous pale yellow gas of the halogen series. It is
the most reactive of all the elements, causing severe
burns on contact with skin.

EFFECTS OF FLUORINE
-Other than protecting teeth from cavities, there are
no other attributable health effects of fluoride on
humans.Fluorine is emitted from factories and in
small amounts usually leads to nose and eye
infections. However, industry emitted fluorine is
known to cause death as well.
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
-a colorless poisonous gas with a smell of rotten
eggs, made by the action of acids on sulfides.

EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE

-Symptoms of acute exposure include nausea,
headaches, delirium, disturbed equilibrium, tremors,
convulsions, and skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of
high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide can
produce extremely rapid unconsciousness and
death. Exposure to the liquified gas can cause
frostbite injury.

SULFURIC ACID
-a strong acid made by oxidizing solutions of sulfur
dioxide and used in large quantities as an industrial
and laboratory reagent. The concentrated form is an
oily, dense, corrosive liquid.

EFFECTS OF SULFIRIC ACID

 -Sulfuric acid is a highly corrosive chemical that is
potentially explosive in concentrated form. It can
cause severe skin burns, can irritate the nose and
throat and cause difficulties breathing if inhaled, can
burn the eyes and possibly cause blindness, and
can burn holes in the stomach if swallowed.

AMMONIA
-a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell.
It dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline
solution.
a solution of ammonia used as a cleaning fluid.

EFFECTS OF AMMONIA
-Exposure to high concentrations of ammonia in air
causes immediate burning of the nose, throat and
respiratory tract. This can cause bronchiolar and
alveolar edema, and airway destruction resulting in
respiratory distress or failure. Inhalation of lower
concentrations can cause coughing, and nose and
throat irritation.

HYDROFLUORIC ACID
-an acidic and extremely corrosive solution of the
liquid hydrogen fluoride in water.

EFFECTS OF HYDROFLUORIC ACID

-Health Effects. Hydrogen fluoride is irritating to the
skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, and inhalation
may cause respiratory irritation or
hemorrhage. ...Hydrofluoric acid is corrosive and
also causes destruction of deep tissues when
fluoride ions penetrate the skin.

HYDROCLORIC ACID
-an acidic and extremely corrosive solution of the
liquid hydrogen fluoride in water.

EFFECTS OF HYDROCLORIC ACID

-Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and
mucous membranes. Acute (short-term) inhalation
exposure may cause eye, nose, and respiratory
tractirritation and inflammation and pulmonary
edema in humans.