CAD

How to create blocks Develop blocks to facilitate and standardize parts of the d
rawings Creating a commercial room
Creating Blocks
Build walls, doors and windows and build your own room
AutoCAD Course
Visit Site: http://www.cursoautocad200720082009.xpg.com.br
The
AutoCAD is a very powerful tool,
used to create designs and prototypes in many areas, especially in engineering.
The program is as versatile a tool that is also used in biology, medicine, and o
ther areas. Since its inception, AutoCAD has undergone several modifications. Si
nce the most popular version (14), the software is updated almost every year and
is currently at version 2007. For this tutorial we will use the 2002 version. T
he command sequences and this tutorial are the same for all versions of AutoCAD.
The 2002 version was chosen because it is modern and not so heavy, translating,
there is no need to use a supermachine CAD. Create blocks is a simple task. The
y are used to facilitate and standardize parts of the design that can always be
reused in other designs and projects. Examples of blocks are symbols of architec
ture (tables, chairs, trees), symbols of mechanical design (machining, roughness
, tolerance), weld symbols, stamps, drawings, among others. 1 - See if the task
bar Draw is active. If not, right-click the right mouse button over one of the i
cons from any toolbar. This brings up a new window, select the Draw menu.
4 - Now, at the intersection of the diagonals, enter a circle of radius 0.25. En
ter the command below. Command: c (right-click just above the intersection of th
e diagonals), type r for AutoCAD ask new radius Specify radius of circle or [Dia
meter] <0.5000>: r. Then enter the value 0.25 (Specify radius of circle or [Diam
eter]: .25).
5 - Create the block. To do this, right-click the icon to create block and a dia
log box will appear. For the creation of the block (block definition) must fill
in all fields that are blank. Name the symbol for the block, then specify a base
point for our block and click on Item 0.0.
6 - Select all objects that will be part of the block. Click the Select Objects
icon and select the entire drawing. The image will be dotted throughout, indicat
ing that it was selected, as shown.
7 - Give a click Enter and accept the selection that was made. The dialog box of
building blocks will appear with the items already almost completed. Failure to
set a specific icon for this block. Give a click on the Create icon.
8 - After all is done, right-click OK and the block will be completed.
Creating a commercial room
Build walls, doors and windows and build your own room
E
shale in the market, a very large number of manufacturers
CAD software (computer aided design - computer-aided design), which are software
that use the computer to create technical drawings. Remember that the software
is just a tool that helps professionals to develop their work, so we should not
bank on it full responsibility for the perfect execution of the work of professi
onal, because the software is a tool that helps and does not work for him. Curre
ntly, the majority of architectural and engineering offices, factories and metal
lurgical and mechanical industries, offices of topography, geography, among many
other activities, use some type of CAD tool to develop their work. The most wid
ely used software among these companies is AutoCAD, manufactured by Autodesk. Au
toCAD is the most common software found on the market due to many factors, such
as versatility, practicality of enforcement, perfection and precision and consta
nt updating to meet more adequately to the market. AutoCAD is a tool of very bro
ad scope, and can develop more work from simple planar views (2D) and modeling m
ore complex isometric views (3D), depending on the degree of user knowledge and
design needs. AutoCAD had its origins in the 80s, when it launched its first ver
sion in December 1982. After that date, was launched almost every year a new ver
sion of AutoCAD, and came up to current times, in that AutoCAD is already in its
version number 21, which is known as AutoCAD 2007.
In this step-by-step, we will develop a small environment, like a commercial roo
m, containing a waiting room, a small cup and two small bathrooms, working from
the configuration of layers to the placement of doors and windows in plain view.
1 - The first step is to set the layers to be used in the drawing. For this,€ac
cess the command Layer Properties Manager by Format menu option Layer, or the ke
yboard, typing LA followed by Enter or the icon of the Layers Toolbar. Then clic
k the New button and rename the layer depending on its application. Note1: You c
an configure more layers in this work, performing the same operation as many tim
es as necessary. Note 2: Normally there are three ways to access commands AtuoCA
D. One is through the menus, toolbars and one another by the keyboard.
2 - Let the tool Ortho connected to orthogonal lines are created, or lines drawn
horizontally and vertically, without the need for coordination. The tool is dri
ven by Ortho F8 key or the menu button on the bottom Ortho. In both cases, will
appear in your command line Ortho Ortho ON or OFF. For the command is executed w
ith precision, we should throw the option Ortho ON.
3 - Create individual lines that will represent the walls through the command li
ne, which is the tool used to draw lines. For this, access the command line by t
he Draw menu, Option Line, or the keyboard by typing L followed by Enter. As a s
uggestion, we can start the design creating a horizontal line of 5.00 m. To crea
te lines, specify the first point, which may be a random click in the graphics a
rea. Then move the cursor to the side where the line will be created. Enter the
value of the measured line in meters. UL thymus, press Enter to validate the cho
ice. Note1: For this example, we use the proportion of design 1UN = 1m (each uni
t of AutoCAD will be a meter).
4 - In the same command line, create a vertical line with length of 5.50m. For t
his, access the command line by the Draw menu, Option Line, or the keyboard by t
yping L followed by Enter. As a suggestion, start the design creating a horizont
al line of 5.00m. To create lines, from the point where it is stationary (the en
d point of the previous line), move the cursor to the side where the line will b
e created. Then enter the value measured in meters and hit Enter to validate the
choice.
5 - Still in the same command line, repeat the actions to do the remaining lines
of the rectangle, following months but the dimensions of 5.00m horizontally and
5.50m vertically. To create lines, repeat the procedures from step 4. After clo
sing the figure of a rectangle, finalize the command using ESC or Enter.
6 - Now we will create the thickness of the walls with the Offset command (perfo
rm parallel copies of existing objects is a line, polyline, arc, circle, etc.)..
Access the Offset command from the menu Modify, Offset option, or the keyboard,
the typing followed by Enter. As a suggestion, we will consider the wall thickn
ess of 0.15m. When you access the Offset command, you should report the value of
the distance between the copies, typing a numeric value positive and nonzero. T
hen press Enter to validate the information.
7 - Still in the Offset command, after setting distances, copy the objects. To d
o this, select the object to be copied and then click on the graphic and set asi
de to where the copy will be made.
Note1: You will notice that the object was selected properly when it gets dashed
. Note 2: All menu command Modify an existing object needs to run, because you c
an only modify an object that already exists.
8 - The next step is to attach the edges of the outer walls. To do this, go to t
he Modify menu command Fillet, Fillet option, or the keyboard by typing F follow
ed by Enter. How do corners, we will configure the Fillet radius of zero. To set
the radius, just type the command still running, the letter R. Then enter the v
alue zero for the radius and press Enter to validate the information. Once confi
gured the radius, just select the first and second object of the concordance of
the two lines.
Note1: if you run more than once the command with the same value of agreement, s
et the Multiple (M followed by Enter) to repeat more than once the command witho
ut having to finalize and sign back.
9 - To create other environments, access the command from the menu Modify Offset
, Offset, or the keyboard, the typing followed by Enter. As a suggestion, let us
consider the bathrooms with 1.20m (horizontal) wide and 2.10 meter (vertical) l
ong. The wall thickness will be of 0.15m. The procedure to run this command will
be done in the same way that we create the thickness of the walls. Perform the
following steps: - When accessing the command, you should report the value of th
e distance between the copies, typing a numeric value positive and nonzero, then
hit Enter to validate the information - Select the objects that are copied, a a
n individual;€- Click on the screen, setting the side on which the copy is made
. Note1: If the measures are different in the sequence of execution of the comma
nd, you must end the command and then access it again and repeat the same proced
ures, setting the new values of the measures.
10 - Una edges of the external walls and internal. To do this, go to the Modify
menu command Fillet, Fillet, or the keyboard by typing F followed by Enter. How
do corners, we will configure the Fillet radius of zero. To set the radius, simp
ly type the keyboard (in the command) the letter R and then enter the value zero
for the radius and hit Enter to validate the information. When accessing the co
mmand, you must set the radius value, as described above and then hit Enter to v
alidate the information. Then simply select the objects that will be worked.
11 - Thereafter, we will use the Offset tool to draw all other environments. As
a suggestion, we will consider between the bathroom and pantry, a passage of 1.0
0m wide and will remain as the cup.
12 - Now, we cut the lines that will not stay in the drawing. To do this, go to
the Modify menu Trim, Trim option, or the keyboard, typing RT followed by Enter.
Select the objects that serve as the cutoffs. In this case, since the whole des
ign will be the limit, just hit Enter immediately AutoCAD understand that every
intersection of objects will have limits. Then click on the objects that will be
cut.
Note1: you must use the Zoom to adjust the view of the object.
Note 2: If you miss the screen, just type the keyboard, U + Enter to undo the la
st action.
13 - The next step is going to open the doors. For this, create guide lines in a
ll environments using the command line. Use the Offset command to set the gaps,
suggested here in 0.80m. To make the door openings, use the Trim command.
14 - Now we are going to open the windows in the same manner as was done in open
ing the doors. Create auxiliary lines in all environments using the command line
. Use the Offset command to set the gaps, suggested here to 1.60m in the windows
of the room and the pantry and 0.80m for the windows of the bathroom. Remember
that windows are usually central to the walls, so we will use the auxiliary line
s from the Midpoint of the walls where they meet and, as a matter of logic, the
offset should be done with half the distance to each side . To make the openings
of windows, use the Trim command. Note1: The tools Osnap (responsible for the a
ccuracy of the sequence of design points) should always be used in an automated
way, leaving the option Osnap On triggered by F3 key. Note 2: It can happen from
leftover pieces of auxiliary lines in the drawing, those should be deleted usin
g Delete.
15 - Create rows of windows using the command line. For the design has to be exe
cuted with the correct settings, we should leave the current window layer. We us
e the Offset command to represent the windows in this case we use the distance f
rom the offset 0.05m, but this can vary depending on the thickness of the wall.
16 - We will create now lines to represent the ports with the command line, draw
ing a rectangular figure representing the leaf. The doors will be the same width
of the spans, ie 0.80me sheet thickness of 0.04m. Let's create the leaves of th
e doors in position. For this, use the simplest tool of AutoCAD, the command Lin
e, as auxiliary line, which must be erased at the end of the action. For the des
ign has to be executed with the correct settings, we should leave the door chain
layer.
17 - now will create the representations of the door openings. For this, access
the command menu by Arc Draw, Arc option, or the keyboard by typing A followed b
y Enter. To create lines, specify the first point where the arc is created, whic
h will be one click at a point known, is at the door or wall. Then click the rig
ht mouse button on the graphical and the menu that appears, choose END to set th
e end point of the arc. Now click the cursor at the point where it will be the c
enter of the arc. Note1: Each arc is created in a counterclockwise direction, if
that is not followed, the arc is not properly positioned in its design.
18 - After leaving the design done, we must use the Save As command in order to
save the file in a directory known. Review
Review of commands used
- Layer, the configuration tool used to organize the elements of design - line,
used to create lines - Arc, used to create arcs in the counterclockwise - Offset
tool used to create parallel copies of objects - Trim€tool used to cut objects
across boundaries - Fillet, a tool used to create rounded edges or corners aliv
e.
Visit Site: http://www.cursoautocad200720082009.xpg.com.br