CVEEN 7330

Table of Contents
Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................... 1
List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... 2
Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 3
Background ............................................................................................................................... 3
Model Setup and Analysis Input ............................................................................................. 3
Required Outputs from FLAC .............................................................................................. 13
FLAC Solution: ....................................................................................................................... 14
Discussion ................................................................................................................................ 22
FISH Code for model ............................................................................................................. 23
List of Figures

Figure 1. Embankment/foundation model and boundary conditions for static loading

under gravity. .............................................................................................................................. 11
Figure 2. Plot of shear modulus for model. Foundation soil is clay for this case. .............. 11
Figure 3. Boundary conditions for dynamic sliding case. Yellow line with circles at
corners of model indicates that free field boundary condition has been applied. ................ 12
Figure 4. Unbalanced forces from static and dynamic loading (clay foundation)................ 14
Figure 5. Model geometry with boundary conditions for dynamic case (clay foundation). 14
Figure 6. X acceleration at base of model (clay foundation). ................................................ 15
Figure 7. X acceleration history at embankment base (clay foundation). ............................ 15
Figure 8. X acceleration history at embankment crest (clay foundation). ........................... 16
Figure 9. Final displacement pattern with contours at t = 20 s (clay foundation)............... 16
Figure 10. X displacement history at toe (clay foundation). .................................................. 17
Figure 11 X displacement history at crest (clay foundation). ................................................ 17
Figure 12 Unbalanced forces from static and dynamic loading (sand foundation). ............ 18
Figure 13 Model geometry with boundary conditions for dynamic case (sand foundation)
...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Figure 14 X acceleration at base of model (sand foundation). .............................................. 19
Figure 15 X acceleration history at embankment base (sand foundation)........................... 19
Figure 16 X acceleration history at embankment crest (sand foundation). ........................ 20
Figure 17 Final displacement pattern with contours at t = 20 s (sand foundation). ........... 20
Figure 18 X displacement history at toe (sand foundation). .................................................. 21
Figure 19 X displacement history at crest (sand foundation)................................................ 21
Objectives

In this exercise, the student develops a FLAC model to analyze a 10 m embankment constructed
on a soft foundation. The soft foundation consists of two cases: (1) soft clay and (2) liquefied
sand. The model is used to estimate the embankment/foundation deformation for these two
cases using the modified Taft record for the first 20 seconds of strong motion (exclude the quiet
zone at the beginning of the record).

Background

The embankment height is 10 m high and has a 2H:1V slope.

The foundation is 10-m thick and consists of the two cases discussed above.
The foundation and embankment layers must be built incrementally.
The of 20 degrees for the foundation clay layer represents a cohesion of 0.364v
The of 10 degrees for the liquefied foundation sand and represents an undrained shear
strength
For other elastic properties, see below.

Model Setup and Analysis Input

1. Enable the dynamic option using the following command:

config dynamic extra 5

However, since the first part of the problem does not use the dynamic module, we will turn it
off with:

set dynamic off

2. Generation of Grid

grid 16,10
gen (-30.0,-5.0) (-30.0,5.0) (10.0,5.0) (10.0,-5.0) i 1 9 j 1 6
gen (10.0,-5.0) (10.0,5.0) (60.0,5.0) (60.0,-5.0) i 9 17 j 1 6
gen (10.0,5.0) (30.0,15.0) (60.0,15.0) (60.0,5.0) i 9 17 j 6 11

The first line above generates a 16 x 10 m grid in i,j space. This grid is then mapped or
generated to x,y space using the generate commands (Figure 1). (Note you can also use the
GUI for this step, but it is easier to type in the generate command directly. The numbers in
parentheses are the x,y coordinates and the i,j numbers are the corners of the grid that are
mapped to the x,y coordinates.

3. Model Type
 model null

We will use the null model (i.e., null = no properties) first because we will build the model
incrementally and add the properties as we add each layer to the model.

4. Boundary Conditions

Static conditions (see Figure 2.)

For the sides of the model, you should fix the model in the x direction only. This also
requires that the boundary condition be a reasonable distance from the slope face, so
as not to influence the displacement. You may use the GUI to establish the proper
boundary conditions, or the fix command can written in the code.

5. Applying gravity

As of yet, no gravity or weight is acting in the model. This can be turned on by using the
settings menu in the GUI, or by applying gravity in the code with the following command.

set gravity 9.81

6. Monitoring unbalanced forces

As we apply each layer with gravity turned on, unbalanced forces will initially develop in the
model as each new load is applied. However, these unbalanced forces will dissipate,
(approach zero) as static equilibrium is reached. We want to monitor these forces so that we
know that the model is reaching static equilibrium. You can generate a time history of
unbalanced forces using the GUI (Utility/History/General Variables/unbalanced/Execute) or
add the following line to the code:

his unbalanced 999

Note that the 999 simply means that this history of the unbalanced force has been assigned to
history number 999.

7. Material properties

(kg/m3) E (MPa) v K (MPa) G (MPa) c (KPa) Vs (m/s) Vp (m/s)

Clay 1800 500 0.35 555.6 185.2 20 0 320.8 668
Sand (pre liq) 2000 500 0.25 333.3 200.0 30 0 316.2 548
Sand (post liq) 2000 500 0.25 333.3 200.0 10 0 316.2 548
Embankment 2200 1550 0.25 1033.3 620.0 35 0 530.9 919
 The above table shows the material properties that will be used for this problem. We need to
know these properties prior to placing each layer. For example, in the next step, we will
place a clay foundation that is overlain by the embankment.

8. Incremental placement of foundation and embankment layers

Remember to do this incrementally (layer by layer).

For the first (i.e., base layer), we can use the following commands to place the layer
and allow it to come to static equilibrium.

Model mohr j 1
property bulk=555.6e6 shear=185.2e6 density 1800 friction = 20 j 1; clay
solve

The first command line changes the null model to a mohr model for j=1 (bottom row) of
model.

The second command line gives the bulk modulus, shear modulus, density and friction angle
for the clay. Because this is an undrained analysis the total stress or undrained friction angle
should be used for the clay.

You need to insert additional lines to the code for each layer, repeating the 3 lines shown
above, but changing the j reference to the appropriate row number and the soil property to
the appropriate proprieties for the material type of each layer. Remember also that for each
increment placed, the solve command must be issued to solve for static equilibrium.

9. Saving the results of the static analysis.

After solving for the last increment (upper layer), you should hit the save button at the
bottom of the screen. I would save this state as static.sav. (You can change the name of a
saved model state by selecting the state in the record dialog screen and right clicking.)

10. Dynamic Analysis

Start another record for the dynamic analysis by pressing the follow button at the bottom of
the screen. This will allow you to start to do the dynamic analysis as a new state without
redoing the static analysis each time you run the model.

First, we must turn on the dynamic module with the following command:

set dynamic on

11. Large strain mode

 The problem that we will be solving has relatively large deformation, so we want to use the
large deformation mode of FLAC. This is initiated by:

set large

12. Damping

Because we are doing a dynamic analysis, some damping is required. We will use the
hysteretic damping option of FLAC to provide damping.

We will use the two parameter default model. For clay use -3.156 and 1.094. For sand and
the embankment, use -3.325 and 0.823 for the default model parameters.

Hysteretic damping is included in the model with the following commands. Damping must
be declared before the free-field command is issued (see boundary conditions).

ini dy_damp hyst default -3.156 1.904 j 1 5; clay foundation

;ini dy_damp hyst default -3.325 0.823 j 1 5 ; sand foundation
ini dy_damp hyst default -3.325 0.823 j 6 17 ; embankment

13. Boundary conditions for the dynamic case

The boundary conditions must be changed from the static case to the dynamic case.

Numerical analysis of the seismic response of surface structures such as embankments and
earthen dams requires the discretization of a region of the material adjacent to the
foundation. The seismic input is normally represented by horizontal shear waves propagating
upward through the underlying material. The boundary conditions at the sides of the model
must account for the free-field motion which would exist in the absence of the embankment.

For elastic analyses, elementary lateral boundaries may be sufficient. For example, if only a
shear wave were applied on the horizontal boundary, it would be possible to fix the boundary
along the boundary in the vertical direction only, thus allowing horizontal movement at the
boundary. These boundaries should be placed at sufficient distances to minimize wave
reflections and achieve free-field conditions. For soils with high material damping, this
condition can be obtained with a relatively small distance.

However, when the material damping is low or if a Mohr-Coulomb model is applied, the
required distance may lead to an impractical model. An alternative procedure is to enforce
the free-field motion in such a way that boundaries retain their non-reflecting properties
i.e., outward waves originating from the embankment are properly absorbed. This approach
is implemented using a free field boundary condition (see below and also Figure 3). (Note
the yellow line on the sides of the model shows that the free field condition has been applied.
The lateral boundaries of the main grid are coupled to the free-field grid by viscous dashpots
to simulate a quiet boundary and the unbalanced forces from the free-field grid are applied to
the main-grid boundary. Both conditions are expressed as:

where
The above equations apply to the left-hand boundary. Similar expressions may be written for
the right-hand boundary.

In this way, plane waves propagating upward suffer no distortion at the boundary because
the free field grid supplies conditions that are identical to those in an infinite model. If the
main grid is uniform, and there is no surface structure, the lateral dashpots are not exercised
because the free field grid executes the same motion as the main grid. However, if the main-
grid motion differs from that of the free field (due, say, to a surface structure that radiates
secondary waves), then the dashpots act to absorb energy in a manner similar to the action of
quiet boundaries.

The free-field model consists of a one-dimensional column of unit width, simulating the
behavior of the extended medium. An explicit finite-difference method was selected for the
model. The height of the free field equals the length of the lateral boundaries. It is discretized
into n elements corresponding to the zones along the lateral boundaries of the FLAC mesh.
Element masses are lumped at the n+1 gridpoints. A linear variation of the displacement
field is assumed within each element; the elements are, therefore, in a state of uniform strain
(and stress).

The following conditions are required in order to apply the free-field boundary condition.
The lateral boundaries of the grid must be vertical and straight.
The free field boundaries may be applied to the whole grid or to a sub-grid, starting
at (1,1), with the left-hand boundary being i = 1. The right-hand boundary
corresponds to the last-encountered non-null zone, scanning along j = 1 with
increasing i numbers. Any other disconnected sub-grids are not considered when the
free-field boundaries are created. Therefore, if sub-grids are used in a simulation that
requires free-field boundaries to the main grid, this grid must be the first onei.e.,
its left and bottom sides must be lines i = 1 and j = 1, respectively. The optional
keyword ilimits forces the free field to be applied on the outer i limits of the grid (as
specified in the GRID command). This keyword should be used if null zones exist
on the j = 1 row of zones. It is advisable to perform PLOT apply to verify that the
free field is applied to the correct boundary before starting a dynamic simulation.
The bottom zones (j = 1) at i = 1 and i = imax must not be null.
The model should be in static equilibrium before the free-field boundary is applied.
Note that the static equilibrium conditions prior to the dynamic analysis are
transferred to the free field automatically when the command APPLY ff command is
invoked.
The free-field condition must be applied before changing other boundary
conditions for the dynamic stage of an analysis.
The free-field condition can only be applied for a plane-strain or plane-stress
analysis. It is not applicable for axisymmetric geometry.
Both lateral boundaries of the grid must be included in the free field because the
free field is automatically applied to both boundaries when the APPLY ff command
is given.
 The free field can be specified for a groundwater flow analysis (CONFIG gw). A
one-dimensional fluid flow model will also be created when APPLY ff is issued,
and pore pressures will be calculated in the free field.
Interfaces and attach-lines do not get transferred to the free-field grid. Thus, an
INTERFACE or ATTACH condition should not extend to the free-field boundary.
The effect of an interface can be reproduced with a layer of zones having the same
properties of the interface.
The use of 3D damping when the free field is derived from the sides of a subgrid
may not work correctly. 3D damping should only be used when the ff is applied to
the whole grid.

To invoke free field boundaries, you should have the following command line in your code:

apply ffield

The static boundary conditions must also be changed for the dynamic case.

free x i 1 j 2 6
free x i 17 j 2 11
fix x j 1
fix y j 1

14. Material properties for dynamic analysis

Note that we are currently analyzing the case of a clay foundation; thus, the sand foundation
command has been commented out using a semicolon.

However, later, when you are asked to analyze a sand foundation, you must remove the
semicolon and comment out the clay foundation line.Also, if the sand has liquefied, you must
change it properties to represent the liquefied state. This can is done with:

prop bulk=333.3e6 shear=200.0e6 density 2000 friction=10 j 1 5; liquefied during

earthquake

15. Reading of time history and application to base of model

The time history must be read into FLAC and applied to the base of the model with the
following commands:

his read 200 taftmod.acc

apply xacc 9.81 his 200 yvel=0 j 1

16. Creation of time histories to monitor acceleration and displacement

 The following command s can be used to generate output time histories to monitor
acceleration and displacement:

his 101 xacc i 12 j 1; xacc base of model

his 102 xacc i 9 j 11; xacc at crest point
his 103 xacc i 12 j 6; xacc at base of embamkment
his 104 xdisp i 9 j 11; displacement at crest
his 105 xdisp i 9 j 6 ; displacement at toe

17. Creation of time history of dynamic time

To plot the above histories against dynamic time, we need a history of dynamic time. This
can be created with:

his 106 dytime

18. Set dynamic time to 15 seconds

set dytime 15

19. Solve until dytime is 35 seconds of strong motion

Solve dytime 35
 JOB TITLE : . (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 5.00) 5.000

LEGEND

24-Apr-08 16:32
step 3462 3.000
-3.500E+01 <x< 6.500E+01
-4.500E+01 <y< 5.500E+01

Material model
mohr-coulomb X
X
Grid plot X 1.000
X
X
0 2E 1 X X
X X
X X
Fixed Gridpoints X X
X X-direction X X
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
B Both directions
-1.000

-3.000

Steven Bartlett
University of Utah
-2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000
(*10^1)

Figure 1. Embankment/foundation model and boundary conditions for static loading under gravity.

JOB TITLE : . (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 5.00) 5.000

LEGEND

24-Apr-08 16:34
step 3462 3.000
-3.500E+01 <x< 6.500E+01
-4.500E+01 <y< 5.500E+01

Boundary plot

0 2E 1 1.000
shear_mod
1.852E+08
6.200E+08
Grid plot

0 2E 1 -1.000

-3.000

Steven Bartlett
University of Utah
-2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000
(*10^1)

Figure 2. Plot of shear modulus for model. Foundation soil is clay for this case.
Figure 3. Boundary conditions for dynamic sliding case. Yellow line with circles at corners of model
indicates that free field boundary condition has been applied.
Required Outputs from FLAC

1. Plot the following for both cases (clay foundation and liquefied sand foundation):
a. Unbalanced force plot
b. Plot of model grid showing boundary conditions for dynamic case
c. X acceleration history at base of model (i=12 j=1)
d. X acceleration history at embankment base (i=12 j =6)
e. X acceleration history at embankment crest (i=9 j=11)
f. Plot of Final vector displacement pattern with displacement contours at
time = 35 seconds
g. X displacement history at toe (i=9 j=6)
h. X displacement history at crest (i=9 j=11)

2. Discussion of your results and magnitude of the displacements for both cases.

3. Printout of FLAC code

FLAC Solution:

JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

06
(10 )
LEGEND

29-Nov-11 12:15
step 32506 1.000
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01

HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis : 0.800
1 Max. unbal. force
X-axis :
Number of steps 0.600

0.400

0.200

5 10 15 20 25 30

03
(10 )
Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 4. Unbalanced forces from static and dynamic loading (clay foundation).

JOB TITLE : . (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 5.00) 5.000

LEGEND

16-May-10 9:45
step 32501 3.000
Dynamic Time 2.0000E+01
-3.500E+01 <x< 6.500E+01
-4.500E+01 <y< 5.500E+01

User-defined Groups 102

106
Grid plot
1.000

0 2E 1 105 103

Fixed Gridpoints
B Both directions B B B B B B B B B B B B
101 B B B B B
Applied Velocities
-1.000
* vectors of zero length *
Applied Accelerations
* vectors of zero length *
Dynamic Apply Conditions
* = Free Field Boundary
History Locations
-3.000

Steven Bartlett
University of Utah
-2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000
(*10^1)

Figure 5. Model geometry with boundary conditions for dynamic case (clay foundation).
 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

29-Nov-11 11:59 1.500

step 32501
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01
1.000
HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis :
101 X acceleration( 12, 1) 0.500
X-axis :
104 Dynamic time 0.000

-0.500

-1.000

-1.500

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 6. X acceleration at base of model (clay foundation).

JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

29-Nov-11 12:17 3.000

step 32506
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01
2.000
HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis :
103 X acceleration( 12, 6) 1.000
X-axis :
104 Dynamic time 0.000

-1.000

-2.000

-3.000

16 20 24 28 32

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 7. X acceleration history at embankment base (clay foundation).

 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

29-Nov-11 12:17
2.000
step 32506
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01

HISTORY PLOT 1.000

Y-axis :
102 X acceleration( 9, 11)
X-axis : 0.000
104 Dynamic time

-1.000

-2.000

-3.000

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 8. X acceleration history at embankment crest (clay foundation).

JOB TITLE : . (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 5.00) 5.000

LEGEND

29-Nov-11 12:19
step 32506 3.000
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01
-3.501E+01 <x< 6.501E+01
-4.500E+01 <y< 5.501E+01

X-displacement contours
-3.50E-01
1.000
-3.00E-01
-2.50E-01
-2.00E-01
-1.50E-01
-1.00E-01
-5.00E-02
0.00E+00 -1.000

Contour interval= 5.00E-02

Displacement vectors
max vector = 3.639E-01

0 1E 0 -3.000

Grid plot

0 2E 1
Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah
-2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000
(*10^1)

Figure 9. Final displacement pattern with contours at t = 35 s (clay foundation).

 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

-01
(10 )
LEGEND

29-Nov-11 12:19 0.000

step 32506
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01 -0.500

HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis : -1.000
105 X displacement( 9, 6)
X-axis : -1.500
104 Dynamic time

-2.000

-2.500

-3.000

-3.500

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 10. X displacement history at toe (clay foundation).

JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

-01
(10 )
LEGEND

29-Nov-11 12:20
0.000
step 32506
Dynamic Time 3.5000E+01

HISTORY PLOT -0.500

Y-axis :
106 X displacement( 9, 11)
X-axis : -1.000
104 Dynamic time

-1.500

-2.000

-2.500

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 11 X displacement history at crest (clay foundation).

 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

06
(10 )
LEGEND

21-Nov-11 7:45
step 33195 1.000
Dynamic Time 2.0000E+01

HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis : 0.800
1 Max. unbal. force
X-axis :
Number of steps 0.600

0.400

0.200

5 10 15 20 25 30

03
(10 )
Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 12 Unbalanced forces from static and dynamic loading (sand foundation).

JOB TITLE : . (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 5.00) 5.000

LEGEND

16-May-10 9:56
step 31829 3.000
Dynamic Time 2.0000E+01
-3.500E+01 <x< 6.500E+01
-4.500E+01 <y< 5.500E+01

User-defined Groups 102

106
Grid plot
1.000

0 2E 1 105 103

Fixed Gridpoints
B Both directions B B B B B B B B B B B B
101 B B B B B
Applied Velocities
-1.000
* vectors of zero length *
Applied Accelerations
* vectors of zero length *
Dynamic Apply Conditions
* = Free Field Boundary
History Locations
-3.000

Steven Bartlett
University of Utah
-2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000
(*10^1)

Figure 13 Model geometry with boundary conditions for dynamic case (sand foundation)
 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

21-Nov-11 7:46
1.000
step 33195
Dynamic Time 2.0000E+01

HISTORY PLOT 0.500

Y-axis :
101 X acceleration( 12, 1)
X-axis : 0.000
104 Dynamic time

-0.500

-1.000

-1.500

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 14 X acceleration at base of model (sand foundation).

JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

23-Dec-11 10:14 1.000

step 33890
Dynamic Time 3.5001E+01
0.500
HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis :
103 X acceleration( 12, 6) 0.000
X-axis :
104 Dynamic time -0.500

-1.000

-1.500

-2.000

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 15 X acceleration history at embankment base (sand foundation).

 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

1.500
23-Dec-11 10:14
step 33890
Dynamic Time 3.5001E+01 1.000

HISTORY PLOT 0.500

Y-axis :
102 X acceleration( 9, 11) 0.000
X-axis :
104 Dynamic time -0.500

-1.000

-1.500

-2.000

-2.500

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 16 X acceleration history at embankment crest (sand foundation).

JOB TITLE : . (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 5.00) 5.000

LEGEND

23-Dec-11 10:14
step 33890 3.000
Dynamic Time 3.5001E+01
-3.512E+01 <x< 6.517E+01
-4.514E+01 <y< 5.514E+01

X-displacement contours
-3.00E+00
1.000
-2.50E+00
-2.00E+00
-1.50E+00
-1.00E+00
-5.00E-01
0.00E+00
-1.000

Contour interval= 5.00E-01

Displacement vectors
max vector = 3.153E+00

0 1E 1
-3.000
Grid plot

0 2E 1
Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah
-2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000
(*10^1)

Figure 17 Final displacement pattern with contours at t = 35 s (sand foundation).

 JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

23-Dec-11 10:14
-0.500
step 33890
Dynamic Time 3.5001E+01

HISTORY PLOT -1.000

Y-axis :
105 X displacement( 9, 6)
X-axis : -1.500
104 Dynamic time

-2.000

-2.500

-3.000

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 18 X displacement history at toe (sand foundation).

JOB TITLE : .

FLAC (Version 5.00)

LEGEND

23-Dec-11 10:14
step 33890 -0.400
Dynamic Time 3.5001E+01

HISTORY PLOT
Y-axis : -0.800
106 X displacement( 9, 11)
X-axis :
104 Dynamic time -1.200

-1.600

-2.000

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34

Steven F. Bartlett
University of Utah

Figure 19 X displacement history at crest (sand foundation).

Discussion
FISH Code for model

;STATIC PART
;
config dynamic extra 5
set dynamic off
;
grid 16,10
gen (-30.0,-5.0) (-30.0,5.0) (10.0,5.0) (10.0,-5.0) i 1 9 j 1 6
gen (10.0,-5.0) (10.0,5.0) (60.0,5.0) (60.0,-5.0) i 9 17 j 1 6
gen (10.0,5.0) (30.0,15.0) (60.0,15.0) (60.0,5.0) i 9 17 j 6 11
;
model elastic
model null
;
fix y j 1
fix x j 1
fix x i 1
fix x i 17
;
;
his unbalanced 999
set gravity 9.81
;
;
; BUILDS FOUNDATION SOIL IN STAGES
;
model mohr j 1
prop bulk=555.6e6 shear=185.2e6 density 1800 friction = 20 j 1; clay
;prop bulk=333.3e6 shear 200e6 density 2000 friction=30 j 1; sand
solve
;
model mohr j 2
prop bulk=555.6e6 shear=185.2e6 density 1800 friction = 20 j 2; clay
;prop bulk=333.3e6 shear 200e6 density 2000 friction=30 j 2; sand
solve
;
model mohr j 3
prop bulk=555.6e6 shear=185.2e6 density 1800 friction = 20 j 3; clay
;prop bulk=333.3e6 shear 200e6 density 2000 friction=30 j 3; sand
solve
;
model mohr j 4
prop bulk=555.6e6 shear=185.2e6 density 1800 friction = 20 j 4; clay
;prop bulk=333.3e6 shear 200e6 density 2000 friction=30 j 4; sand
solve
;
model mohr j 5
prop bulk=555.6e6 shear=185.2e6 density 1800 friction = 20 j 5; clay
;prop bulk=333.3e6 shear 200e6 density 2000 friction=30 j 5; sand
solve
;
; BUILDS EMBANKMENT IN STAGES
;
model mohr j 6 i 9 16
prop bulk=1033e6 shear=620e6 density 2200 friction = 35 j 6 i 9 16
solve
;
model mohr j 7 i 9 16
prop bulk=1033e6 shear=620e6 density 2200 friction = 35 j 7 i 9 16
solve
;
model mohr j 8 i 9 16
prop bulk=1033e6 shear=620e6 density 2200 friction = 35 j 8 i 9 16
solve
;
model mohr j 9 i 9 16
prop bulk=1033e6 shear=620e6 density 2200 friction = 35 j 9 i 9 16
solve
;
model mohr j 10 i 9 16
prop bulk=1033e6 shear=620e6 density 2200 friction = 35 j 10 i 9 16
solve
;DYNAMIC PART
;
set dynamic on
set large
;
;
;ini dy_damp hyst default -3.156 1.904 j 1 5; clay foundation
ini dy_damp hyst default -3.325 0.823 j 1 5; sand foundation
ini dy_damp hyst default -3.325 0.823 j 6 17 ; embankment
;
apply ffield i 1 j 11
;
free x i 1 j 2 6
free x i 17 j 2 11
;
;
prop bulk=333.3e6 shear 200e6 density 2000 friction=10 j 1 5; liquefied sand
;
;
his read 200 TAFT_FLAC.TXT
apply xacc 9.81 his 200 yvel=0 j 1
;
his 101 xacc i 12 j 1; xacc base of model at toe
his 102 xacc i 9 j 11; xacc at crest point
his 103 xacc i 12 j 6; xacc at base of embamkment
his 104 dytime
his 105 xdisp i 9 j 6; displacement at toe
his 106 xdisp i 9 j 11; displacement at crest
set dytime = 15
solve dytime = 35