BlazeMaster CPVC

Fire Sprinkler Systems

 Seminar Agenda

! Approvals and Standards

! Pressure Rating of CPVC Fire Sprinkler Piping
! Testing for CPVC Fire Sprinkler Piping
! System Differences to Steel
! Example Retro Fitted Care Home
! Handling, Storage & Installation
! Case Studies
! Q&A

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 Manufacturers make
pipe and fittings

CPVC resin and

powder and pellets
compound

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 Required product listings and approvals
for CPVC Fire Sprinkler Systems

NSF potable water certification in USA

UL Listed
UL-C and C-UL Listed
Factory Mutual FM Approved
WRAS potable water certification in UK
LPCB UK approved and Red Book listed
VdS Germany Approved

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 Industry Standards, Guidelines
and Technical Bulletins for the use of CPVC Fire
Sprinkler Systems
! BS EN 12845: Fixed fire fighting systems Automatic sprinkler systems
design, installation and maintenance
! TB 211: CPVC Plastic Pipe
! TB 227: Pipework
! Sprinklers in Schools: DCSF Guide nr 8, Standard specifications, layouts
and dimensions
! NFPA 13: Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems
! NFPA 13 R: -- in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four
Stories in Height
! NFPA 13 D: -- in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and
Manufactured Homes
! NFPA 24: Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains
and Their Appurtenances
! NFPA 90 A: Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and
Ventilating Systems
! BS 9521: Sprinkler systems for residential and domestic occupancies
Code of practice
! BAFSA Technical The Design and Installation of Residential and Domestic
Guidance Note nr. 1: Sprinkler Systems
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 Pipe & Fittings Standards

! Pipe produced in SDR 13.5 dimensions

! Pipe manufactured per ASTM F442
! Fittings are Schedule 40 or 80 for ! to 1 " and
Schedule 80 for 1 # to 3
! Fittings manufactured per
ASTM F437, F438, F439 or F1970

SDR Standard Dimension Ratio

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 Pressure Rating

CPVC fire sprinkler pipe (20 80mm) and fittings made

according to the before mentioned specifications are rated for
continuous service of 12 bars at 65C.

The maximum working pressure is 12 bars.

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 UL Fire Test
! Fire reaches
temperatures between
760C and 870C
! After approximately 1
minute, sprinkler head
activates
! Pipe is in direct contact
with fire plume at 370C -
483C for a total of 10
minutes
! System then tested at 12
bar for 10 minutes
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 LPCB Fire Test

! Fire temperature at which joint is in direct contact with

the fire plume: 300C to 520C
! Duration of fire: 10 min.
! Sprinkler head activation: after 30 to 40 seconds.
! System then pressure tested at 12 bar for 10 minutes

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 Fire Threat Concern

! Inside Pipe Properties remain

unchanged
! CPVC requires more oxygen to
burn than is in the earths
atmosphere
! CPVC will not burn by
itself. It chars instead of
burning when exposed to
an external flame
! Charring becomes a thermal
barrier
! restricts the flow of heat
into pipe wall
! reduces the rate of burning

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 European Fire Classification
in accordance with EN 13501-1:2002
Classification achieved by all Lubrizol CPVC
pipe and fitting compounds: Bs1d0
!! This is the best possible rating a non-metal material can
achieve

Fire behavior B low flammability, no

contribution to
flashover

Smoke production s1 no smoke development

Flaming droplets d0 no burning drops

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 Occupancy Classifications

LPCB and VdS applications

-! Light Hazard : Offices, Educational Buildings (certain areas)

-! Ordinary Hazard 1 : Hospitals, Hotels, Restaurants
-! Ordinary Hazard 2 : Museums
-! Ordinary Hazard 3 : Retail areas (of shopping malls, railway stations)

VdS applications
- Ordinary Hazard 4 : theatres, cinemas, concert and exhibition halls

sources for LPCB: EN 12 845:2004

Technical Bulletin 211 CPVC plastic pipe
sources for VdS: VdS CEA 4001 Guideline: Planning and Installation of Sprinkler Systems
CEA = Comit Europen des Assurances

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 Occupancy
Classifications

NFPA 13 Light Hazard

! Places of Worship
! Clubs
! Educational (Schools/Student
Housing)
! High Rises (Hotels/Condos over 4
stories)
! Hospitals
! Institutional
! Libraries
! Museums
! Nursing Homes
! Offices
! Theaters / Auditoriums

Per NFPA 13 2002 Edition, Section A.5.2

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 CPVC Fire Sprinkler Systems Product
Advantages / Differences to Steel

! Proven Performance since 1984

! Corrosion resistance
! Increased Hydraulic Capabilities allows for pipe
downsizing {Hazen Williams C-Factor = 150}
! Clean (installation and water quality)
! Job site flexibility
! Faster Scheduling ! No pre-fabrication
! Design Savings (prepared fitting drawings)
! Chemical Compatibility

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 CPVC Fire Sprinkler Systems Product
Advantages / Differences to Steel

! Working temperature: up to 65C

! Working pressure: 12 bar
! Average Burst pressure: 100 bar
! Flash ignition temperature: 480C
! LOI: 60
! Wet sprinkler installations
! Shorter hanger distance than steel
! Thermal expansion and contraction
! Light Weight: 1 m CPVC pipe DN 25 = 0,390 kg
1 m steel pipe DN 25 = 2,440 kg
! Recycling possible

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Function of roughness of pipe, as measured by Hazen
-Williams C' factor used in Hazen-Williams formula for
calculating friction head losses in piping systems.

Material C Factors C Factors

(new installation) (after 4-40 years service)

CPVC 150 150

Copper/Steel 130 - 140 60 - 120

Higher C value for CPVC - less friction, increase of flow

- less pressure loss
- possibility to downsize the pipe
- increase of service life time
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 Hydraulic Design for CPVC Piping

For space and cost savings through downsizing of the pipework,

installations using CPVC pipe shall be fully hydraulically calculated.
Software to this regard is widely available.

Pipe Friction Loss

Calculations of pipe friction loss shall be not less than those derived from the
Hazen-Williams formula as described in EN 12845, 13.2.1.:

$ p = pressure drop in bar

Q = flow in l/min
C = the Hazen-Williams C value of 150 for CPVC
d = inside pipe diameter in mm
L = length of pipe for which the friction loss has to be calculated, being the
sum of the length of pipe and the equivalent pipe allowance for fittings in m.
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 Pipe Dimensions & Weights

CPVC pipe is produced in SDR 13.5 dimensions. SDR, or standard

dimension ratio, means the pipe wall thickness is directly proportional to the
outside diameter ! all diameters carry the same pressure capability
CPVC Pipe Dimensions & Weights
SDR 13.5 (ASTM F 442)
Nominal Average Average Kilograms Kilograms
Size OD ID Per Meter Per Meter
mm mm mm Empty H2O Filled
DN 20 26.8 22.2 0.250 0.637
DN 25 33.4 28.0 0.390 1.005
DN 32 42.2 35.4 0.622 1.606
DN 40 48.2 40.6 0.816 2.109
DN 50 60.3 50.9 1.278 3.310
DN 65 73.0 61.5 1.871 4.844
DN 80 88.9 75.0 2.778 7.186
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 From (left to right)
Steel, Copper, CPVC Photos of water samples at the end of
the 14 week experiment
Conclusions:
Water from:
1/3 flush per day (14 wks) Water from:
Steel pipes ! high turbidity, particulate solids
Copper pipes ! contained yellow/orange turbidity
CPVC pipes ! remained clear

Daily flush (14 wks)

! The CPVC pipe did not show any
deterioration - and in fact had a lower
turbitidy than the initial water .

Two week flush (14 wks)

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 Health: Bacterial Growth

Number of Legionella bacteria in the test water

(average after 8, 12 and 16 weeks - static test, no flow)

In the presence of
the two CPVC
materials, the growth
of Legionella bacteria
in the water was
low "

* Study : " Biofilm Formation Potential of

Pipe materials in Internal Installations by
order of VROM. Authors: H.R. Veenendaal
and D. van de Kooiy - KIWA N.V. - Division
Chemistry and Biologie. June 1999.

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 Expansion & Contraction
** 10C change in temperature will cause an expansion of
0,12 cm for a 2 m straight length **

Expansion can be accommodated with:

! Expansion loop

! Pipe offset

! Change in direction

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Example: Retro fit in a 40 bed care home

CPVC Steel
Sprinkler (Screwed)
Pipe

Installation 640 hrs 1.323 hrs

Time
More than 50 %
installation time than with
CPVC

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 Example: Retro fit in a 40 bed care home
!! Considerable reduction of total weight of pipe
! Faster + easier transport on site
! Less weight to be carried by the construction
CPVC Steel
Empty Empty
Pipe
Diameter Length in m unit weight total weight unit weight total weight
1" 243,0 0,390 94,81 2,457 597,28
1 1/4" 16,5 0,622 10,24 3,165 52,09
1 1/2" 8,0 0,816 6,68 3,663 29,97
2" 282,0 1,278 361,00 5,155 1.456,06
Total
weight
in kg 473 kg 2.135 kg

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 CPVC Fire Sprinkler Systems Product
Advantages / Differences to Steel
specific to Retro-Fits
-! Building remains operational during installation
(= Owner Occupancy Advantage)
-! Space savings
-! installation directly to ceiling or wall
-! downsizing
-! Safety on job site
- cold installation
- reduction of injuries through use of manual tools
-! Quiet installation
-! Easy and Fast repair work in existing installations

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 Handling, Storage and Installation

! Keep pipe & fittings in cartons ! Never throw fittings to the

to protect them from damage &
to maintain cleanliness
! Inspect pipe for splits, cuts, &
gouges
! Cover outside stored pipe with
an opaque tarp to protect from
UV light
! Handle pipe and fittings with
care
ground
! Never drop or drag pipe
! Avoid contamination of pipe
and fittings with petroleum
based products such as cutting
or packing oils

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 Handling, Storage and Installation

Cutting
! Cut pipe squarely
! A square cut provides
best bonding surface
! Use:
- wheel-type plastic
tubing cutter
- power saw
- fine toothed saw
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 Handling, Storage and Installation
Deburring / Bevelling / Chamfering

! Debur, bevel, chamfer both

inner and outer end of pipe by
using a
-! chamfering tool
-! other tool (file)
This is necessary to make sure that
pipe end bottoms in the fitting

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 Handling, Storage and Installation
Solvent Cementing

Summary

Apply cement to the pipe end, in the fitting socket, and on the pipe end again

Insert pipe end into socket and rotate pipe a ! turn. Hold for 30 seconds.

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 Kyrresborg The Kings Fortress

New Apartment Building

Bergen, Norway
560 sprinkler heads
82 apartments

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 Extinguished Fire in 1920 Apartment Building

Damage limited to:

1. Burned Sofa

2. Smoke damage
Retro fit in March 2006
Fire broke out in May 2006
175 sprinkler heads 3. Water damage

35 apartments, 6 floors

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 Hotel Park Pension, Bergen, Norway

Retro fit in heritage hotel, dating back to 1890s

90 sprinkler heads, 33 rooms, 4 floors

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 Wooden Residence Mix Apartments / Offices

Retro fit in April 2006

Space savings:
!!CPVC can be directly attached to
both walls or ceilings
!!Steel must be hung below the
ceiling in order to turn the pipe with
a wrench
!!Steel cannot be attached to walls
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 Hilton Hotel Strasbourg, France

Retro fit in 2006

~ 1.550 sprinkler
heads
245 rooms, 11 floors

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 The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved