International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 257262, Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_027

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
IAEME Publication

LOGISTICS CONTROL OVER MATERIALS OF

METRO RAIL
MD Nawaz Khan
PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

T Naga Seshu Babu

Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To study the movement of materials from casting yard to the specific location in
successful metros. The practices and methodologies adopted in the logistics exercise. Planning
effective structured links and tradeoffs which aim for best customer service and profits. Methods:
Operations done at the workplace of metro project observed and various methodologies,
procedures during logistics are taken into consideration. Also, finance of the logistics is modified
according to the economic values with the help of flow charts. Findings: With the case study of the
successful project, the procedures which they have taken for logistics management are considered
to implement on to the upcoming metros to make success without blenders. Type of order,
Provision, Purchase and type of customer are the main findings and arrange in an order. With the
comparison of other better works, we can overcome the problems while executing the work.
Applications: In constructing metro rails of precast elements in metropolitan cities. Bridges and
Fly-over of precast segments. Also in all Infrastructures using precast segments and heavy
transportation.
Key words: Logistics, Management, Material flow, Inventory.
Cite this Article: MD Nawaz Khan and T Naga Seshu Babu, Logistics Control Over Materials of
Metro Rail. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp. 257262.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1

1. INTRODUCTION
The Logistics is the program and scheduling of replace operations at the hand of proper floating
management, by all of the capable material management position that manages the operation flow of raw
materials over the indisputable process and guilty for customers assistance keeping in mind of time of
delivery and charge containment1-2. It by the same token explains fuel management and materials handling.
To shuffle reverse Logistics, effective communication should reside between the end user's and
manufacturers and behave the quality of the output at the time of delivery. To ratiocinate this happen
transportation, distribution, warehousing, spending and order management must execute together3.
As metros are no a small task, especially in an environment that is becoming increasingly in demand,
with customers expecting their products to be delivered soon according to their specifications4. The

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 MD Nawaz Khan and T Naga Seshu Babu

objective of logistics management is to plan and co-ordinate all the activities to achieve peak levels of
delivered service and quality at the lowest possible cost in order to succeed in todays global market place5.

2. METHOD OF WORK
Logistic operations have been done with a case study in a way that it leads to the success of the project.
The Figure 1 shows the procedure to be followed by the starters for long-term cost savings, annual
operating costs, re-configuring.

Order-taking Provision Purchase

Customer Dispatch Produce

Figure 2 Logistic operation mentioned in method of work

Also, a holistic approach for vehicle use during the plan and creative materials management plans may
qualify for LEAD Innovation in Design credits.

2.1. Logistic Operation in Detail

2.1.1. Provision
It targets for the perfect flow of all activities necessary to source materials to make the final products
deliver in the correct link of the supply chain.

2.1.2. Purchasing
Choosing the companies which are suitable for giving the components which are necessary to the desired
project.
Placing the purchase orders to the companies for delivering the quantities which have been ordered in time.

2.1.3. Production
Converting the raw materials and components of proper quality into the final product. Quality is achieved
with zero-defect practices like measurement, tools, control charts with full quality management.

2.1.4. Dispatch
From the manufacturing plant after completing the manufactured products, they are loaded into the
containers to deliver it to the final destination as they are pre-casted components. This is a part of the
process of distribution which transports products from manufacturers through various transporters. In time,
the finished products should be delivered without any damage by means of transport like aircraft, ship,
train, truck etc.

2.2. Integrated Logistics

Processing order
Purchasing

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 Logistics Control Over Materials of Metro Rail

Transport
Scheduling production
Inventory management
Delivery
Managing warehouse

3. FINANCE
3.1. Cost Involved
For calculation of the price of vehicle for transportation, there are two factors involved

3.1.1. Fixed Cost

Fixed costs are independent of the output value. They preferably remain constant throughout the desired
range and they usually considered sunk for it.

3.1.2. Variable cost

Variable costs are dependent on output. Because the constant rate increases relative to labor and capital
while accounting they also often prefer mixed costs which are partly fixed and partly variable.

3.2. Price Escalation

Cost escalation is experienced as a climax in the charge or worth of flat chapter and verse or services in a
supposing economy everywhere a period. This is evocative to the concept of deficit finance and downfall
protest that escalation is dead set on to factor or piece of action of items, it is regular
r not to a great degree
with changes in the corruption supply, and it tends to be few and far between sustained. Escalation
considers genuine inflation familiar to the supply of capital and is furthermore driven by changes in
technology, practices. Specifically
ecifically, supply on demand imbalances that are tenacious to a profitable in a
given economy, shown in Figure 2.
Vf= Pf * fixed rate *(current diesel price previous diesel price)/ (previous diesel price)

15%

50%
less
35% distance

Figure 3 Price escalation

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 MD Nawaz Khan and T Naga Seshu Babu

4. MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
The classification of materials, logistics will be easy for the transportation to the desired site where
necessary in time. Divide the components according to their value and size; use the proper transporters for
easy handling without any damages in a logistics methodology. This leads to an effect in capital
investment6-7.

5. MOVEMENT OF COMPONENTS
5.1. Transportation
Transportation means a grant of materials from one dormitory to another in a cost sensible way under the
imposition of time. To certify effectively, cost sensible Logistics Management, an organization should lay
the roots for a certain, economical transportation operation. With a reasonable transportation network, an
organization is sensible to implement major strategic changes to reduce costs and take a turn for better
customer job levels with absolutely little eruption to the complete supply chain flow.
A certain transportation network begins mutually end-to-end combine visibility. Visibility allows the
function to focus production operations to low-cost places without an impact on customer service levels,
for any uncertainty within the network can be monitored and at the proper time managed to protect
inventory levels as reserved as possible.

5.2. Modes of Transportation

5.2.1. Roadways
A road is a considered path chose to travel, which is surfaced with asphalt, gravel or cement concrete
which supports passage by foot or by a number of vehicles. The common road vehicle is the automobile, a
wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor.
Truck plays an important role in the supply chain management. Complete deregulation for all states
didnt occur until 1995. After 1996 deregulation, buyers got the better options for the selection of the better
transportation type. At the same time, pricing was opened to free markets. Trucks are the better option to
retrieve many greater locations than airplanes or rails. Local truck lines are fine for little, regular shipments
that demand follow-up or expediting. They are virtually effective with small distances. However, the
trucks are little slower than some distinctive type of transportation (air). Trucks cannot carry as much
cargo as ships or trains can and they cannot go completely without stopping.

5.2.2. Railways
Railways charge less than other modes while shipping sample of quantities or bulked goods during far
distances. Trains run with a constant time schedule than lorries or airplanes. Shippers make out to be not
much efficient for an absolute divert of a load of freight from one destination to another destination. The
desired delivery point changes for obtaining products in transit cases of urgency may be not convenient.
The train booking for bulk order has to be done 1-2 months prior. Mode of transportation is feasible if
the distance between origin and destination is greater than 250 km to reduce the price of transportation and
control logistics.
By the case studies of metros, materials have been classified into 5 classes based on their value to
divide the transporters to their destinations for time saving.

5.2.3. Airways
Cost per pound significantly off from different transportation types. Airlines demand much for the indirect
destination or destinations that are not eligible with road and water. With proper studies, we have
discovered that many exclusive air freight delivery shipments could be delivered for low-cost type and

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 Logistics Control Over Materials of Metro Rail

again posted within the necessary pioneer range. Airways at the site are used when the machines break
down suddenly and the replacement of it has to be done urgently.

5.2.4. Waterways
This method is slow when compared to air, as this can uphold much greater cargo than an air cargo; costs
are weakened obviously by choosing ships from air type of transport. The cars of metros brought at the
heels of the rails have been laid, as they are a little bit slowly when compared to the distinctive modes of
transportation as demanded by the customer.

6. DISCUSSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The site of the precast yard to be constructed near to the construction site where local resources available.
Material Management is done by using the nearest available sources.
Fly-Ash to be brought from local thermal power stations as they are the bottom product.
The cost of aggregates should be lower by ordering metric tons and distance from the site should be not
more than 40kms.
Sand to be brought from local river sand wholesalers within 60 kms.
Cement should be bought of good quality from major suppliers within the distance of 30kms far from the
site with the best rate of the deal.
A contract to be signed by the concessionaire with the petroleum services which to be reviewed for a certain
period of days. With this, we can reduce the whole project cost with the fuel itself.
Large tankers for filling to be provided in the casting yard itself.
Necessary vehicles and equipment with capacity are to be used for the desired work.
As per economy, the best to be chosen from Fixed and Variable cost for the transportation.
60kms to 260kms of the radius of distance is to be permitted for trucks and greater than 250kms for trains.
As the month ending from 26th-4th trucks will be at a higher cost to hire, so 5th -25th would be better at low
cost.
Two months prior booking of trains will reduce the economy.
It doesnt matter as ship cargos are slow, the cars of the rails are brought only after laying rails.

7. CONCLUSIONS
With some case studies carried on inventory storages for metro, projects are different from traditional
construction projects. Now we are able to understand the importance played by the logistics management
department and various techniques pertaining logistics management to casting yard. A systematic policy
right from the request of materials should be followed till delivery and store department playing a major
role in material supplying. The strategies followed are the best ways for metro projects to control wastages
and project cost from the material management activities. This will help in generalizing the logistic
methodology and good practices adopted in several other metro rails.

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