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SS. Asadi
Associate Dean-Academics, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, Vaddeswaram - 522 502 (A.P)
S.S.Bhanu Prakash
Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram-522502, A.P, India
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To show that effective implementation of safety protection factors will lead
to zero accident project. To prove that there must be noticeable enhancement of safety
required in the construction industry. Methods/Analysis: Understanding the problems
associated with the existing safety performance in the construction industry. Identifying the
organization which implementing effective safety performance in the site and taken it as
case study. Extracting the personnel safety factors from the above case studies where the
maximum potential possibilities of accidents happen. Progressed with the questionnaire
survey on extracted factors. Analysis of the data and extracting results. Findings: From the
analysis of 40 responses to questionnaire it shows that human safety protection factors is
implementing in every construction organization but not in at the most effective way so that
accidents are taking place in construction industry. So there is great need to enhance safety
protection factors in construction industry. Applications: Regular use of human safety
protection factors is must for any organization that leads to better enhancement on the
safety in site. Projective knowledge on safety to engineers leads to zero accident as per the
following case study which is most useful factor for an organization for safety performance
of the project. Recommendations mentioned in paper is applicable to any construction
organization those are influencing with safety problems.
Key words: Hazard, Accident, Incident, Inspection, Investigation
Cite this Article: K.Sai Dinesh, SS. Asadi and S.S.Bhanu Prakash, Study on Enhancement
of Human Safety Protection Factors In Construction Industry. International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp. 349356.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
1. INTRODUCTION
Our nation is one of the fast developing country and have adequate working population compare to
the rest of world. Construction is the second largest industry next to agriculture over 33million
people are working in the construction industry. In these consequences working population is a
valuable asset to the construction industry therefore we cannot bear to have many accidents in the
construction industry. Once an accident takes place directly or indirectly many people will be
affected. There is great loss to the dependents of the victims and they will suffer for the source of
income. The organization will also suffer the loss of experienced or skilled worker and be forced to
absorb the incidental costs due to the interrupted project activities, increased insurance premiums
and medical expenditure. From the past analysis the average fatal accident frequency rate in Indian
construction industries is 15.8 for thousand employees as against 0.23 in USA. This paper clearly
explains that how we can reduce the accident rate by enhancing human safety protection measures
through by zero accident case studies, Accidental case studies and through questionnaire survey
from experts
4.2. ACCIDENT-2
Guntur .14-05-2016, At least seven construction workers were feared to have been killed when a
huge earthen mound caved in at the site of an under-construction shopping complex near Harihar
Cinemas at Lakshmipuram.
5. QUESTIONNARIE SURVEY
Questionnaire survey Conducted to nearly 40 construction engineers and foremen on the
availability and following of human safety protection factors in their site and extent of their
implementation. Those factors are mentioned in questionnaire template shown in Table1.
Table 1 questionnaire template of human safety protection factors
For example out of 40 responds 6 members responds they use helmets always so for the grade
always get 15%.similarly caluculated to all grades for single factor so that we get the percentage of
grades under usage of single factor.
The factors is in questionnaire template.
From the templete the analysis is carried by calculating every factors grade percentages
always =is the summation of all always grades of that respective factor
mostly = is the sum of all mostly grades of that respective factor
some times =is the sum of all some times grades of that respective factor
rarely = is the sum of all rarely of that respective factor
never =is the sum of all never of that respective factor
Percentage of each grades of one single factor is calculated from the 40 questionnaire responses
Then always percentage is taken as criteria. Finally percentages of always grades average with
respect to all factors is taken as present status of the safety in the construction industry
Figure 1 Graphical presentation of grades percentages for the factor availability of safety
sa belts in
construction site
6. RESULTS
Percentage of always grade with respect to all factors =
Sum of all percentages always GRADES/20=20.25%
GRADES
Percentage of mostly grade with respect to all factors =
Sum of all percentages mostly GRADES/20=18.75%
GRADES
Percentage of some times grade with respect to all factors =
Sum of all percentages some times RADES/20=19.25%
RADES
Percentage of rarely grade with respect to all factors =
Sum of all percentages rarely GRADES/20=22.25%
GRADES
Percentage of never grade with respect to all factors =
Sum of all percentages never GRADES/20=19.5%
GRADES
From the above results the always is not even reach 50% for single factor And average of
always to all factors is 20.25% only. Then the average of never of all factors is 19.5%.and rest of
them are also nearly. no single grade is dominant compare to rest of them. This shows that safety is
implementing in every construction industry but not in at the most effective way so that accidents
aree taking place in construction industry. So there is great need to enhance safety in construction
industry
7. CONCLUSION
From the above case studies it is clear that by following at the most protection measures leads to
zero accident project and in another
ther case due to unsafe act lead to accidents. so that from the
Questionnaire we find the percentage of human safety protection measures implementation in
present construction scenario. A=Always is the top grade where the human safety protection
factors is highly Implemented. But
ut a=always percentage to all factors is just 20.25% only. From
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
IJCIET/index.asp 355 editor@iaeme.com
K.Sai Dinesh, SS. Asadi and S.S.Bhanu Prakash
the past analysis the average fatal accident frequency rate in Indian construction industries is 15.8
for thousand employees as against 0.23 in USA. so by enhancing human safety protection
measures to atleast 60% of A=Always grade then definitely the rate of construction accidents will
reduce.
8. RECOMMENDATIONS
From the above data analysis mostly safety is considering in reputed construction companies
only. Even those reputed companies facing many accident cases due to inadequate planning and
inspection. So the recommendations are as follows
Regular inspections in the construction site after the end of the day and before start of the day
Safety engineer appointment in site is must for steel constructions and after g+5 constructions
Regular instructions and training to the workers
Top management help for adequate procceding in the project
Initial safety costs for the project must be recommended
Have an organizational safety policy for the proper administration of safety;
Everyday" tool box" safety talks;
Conduct weekly meeting of safety at the project level;
Always secure safety protection measures at the jobsite;
Ppe for the worker should be must
Always post safety signs and posters at the jobsite;
regular weekly safety inspections; Reward workers for their safe executions
Penality on workers for their unsafe act;
Make workers to use the safety equipment as regular habbit ;
Reduce labour turnover rates to less than 25%.
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