2.1.

1 Can / cant
Can Se usa para expresar capacidad fsica e intelectual (se puede
traducir por saber).

My sister can swim very well. Mi hermana sabe nadar muy bien.

Can you play football? Sabes jugar al ftbol?

Se usa para expresar capacidad, delante de verbos como hear (or), listen (escuchar),
see (ver)...

Can you see that house over there? Puedes/puede ver aquella casa de all?

When the house is silent, I can hear my neighbours clearly.

Cuando la casa est en silencio puedo or claramente a mis vecinos.

Se usa para pedir permiso.

Can I go to the toilet, please? Puedo ir al servicio, por favor?

Se usa para hacer preguntas de modo educado.

Can you tell me your name, please? Me puede decir su nombre, por favor?

El verbo can solo tiene presente (can) y pasado (could). Cuando se quiere
usar un tiempo

verbal que este verbo no posea, se emplea el verbo be able to (ser capaz
de / poder).

When I am sixteen I will be able to drive (futuro).

Cuando tenga diecisis aos podr conducir

Can't Se usa para expresar incapacidad o imposibilidad (no saber).

I cant drive. No s conducir.

My mother cant swim. Mi madre no sabe nadar.

Para expresar incapacidad delante de verbos como hear (or), listen

(escuchar), see (ver)...

Silence! I cant hear. Silencio! No oigo.

She cant see without her glasses. Ella no ve sin sus gafas.

Para expresar prohibicin.

You cant smoke in the restaurant. No puedes fumar en el restaurante.

Could Se usa como pasado de can, expresa capacidad en el pasado.

I could read when I was four. Yo saba leer cuando tena cuatro aos.
Para expresar una condicin o hacer una sugerencia.

We could go to Galicia for holiday. Podramos ir a Galicia de vacaciones.

Se usa tambin para hacer preguntas o peticiones de un modo ms educado

que con can.

Could you tell me the way to Reading, please? Podra decirme cul es el camino a

Reading, por favor?

2.1.2 Must / mustnt; have to / dont have to

Must Expresa obligacin.

You must study for tomorrows exam. Debes estudiar para el examen de maana.

They must be back home at ten oclock. Deben estar de vuelta en casa a las diez.

Expresa tambin deduccin, casi certeza de algo, debido a indicios.

The lights are on, they must be at home. Las luces estn encendidas, deben de estar
en la casa.

She is very fit, she must do a lot of sport. Est muy en forma, debe de hacer mucho
ejercicio.

Have to Expresa obligacin (tener que).

My sister has to wake up early tomorrow. Mi hermana tiene que levantarse temprano
maana.

En su forma en pasado se emplea para expresar obligacin en el pasado

(cuando no se puede emplear must).

I had to wake up at seven in the morning to take an early flight.

Tuve que levantarme a las siete de la maana para coger un vuelo temprano.

Mustn't Expresa prohibicin.

You mustnt smoke here. No debes fumar aqu (est prohibido).

You mustnt drive if you are underage. No debes conducir si eres menor de edad.

Dont have to Expresa ausencia de obligacin, cuando algo no es necesario.

You dont have to go to the party. No tienes que ir a la fiesta (no es necesario).

Children dont have to pay to enter the museum. Los nios no tienen que pagar para
entrar en el

museo.
 2.1.3 Should / shouldnt Se usa para dar un consejo o una
opinin.
You dont look very well; you should go to the doctors.

No tienes buen aspecto, deberas ir al mdico.

You shouldnt eat eggs every day. No deberas comer huevos todos los das.

S1. Complete estas frases con los siguientes verbos: Can, cant, could,
couldnt.

1. I am sorry but I .................... help you to move the sofa, I have a backache.

2. My little cousin ................... run very fast, he has got lots of medals at home!

3. Jerry ..................buy a new car at the moment, he hasnt got the money.

4. The bag is so heavy that Mary ....................... carry it.

5. John .................... dance very well when he was a teenager.

6. Excuse me! ................. you tell me where are the toilets, please?

7. Helen was very busy yesterday, so he ................... go to the party.

8. He .................... swim when he was a child, he learnt when he was twenty.

S2. Escriba en ingls las siguientes frases

1. Los nios pueden ir al cine. .............................................................................

2. Mi padre no sabe conducir. ..............................................................................

3. Mi amiga no sabe nadar. ..................................................................................

4. Yo saba nadar cuando tena cinco aos. .........................................................

5. Puedes ayudarme con mis tareas? ..................................................................

6. Juan no puede ir a la fiesta esta noche, tiene mucho trabajo.

...............................................................................................................................

S3. Complete las siguientes frases empleando have to en presente, pasado o

futuro

para expresar obligacin o ausencia de obligacin.

1. Jenny ...................... practice a lot to be a good piano player.

2. I .......................... use your car anymore, I bought one last month.

3. He ........................ do all the work himself, his collegues didnt help him.
4. My mother ..................... take the bus to go to the office, it is near her house.

5. Andrew ........................... go to the doctors, he was feeling very bad.

6. He .................... wake up early yesterday to be at work at eight oclock.

S4. Diga qu expresan los verbos modales en estas frases.

Obligacin Prohibicin Capacidad Incapacidad Ausencia de obligacin

Probabilidad Consejo

1. Jane can miss the train. x

2. My mother cant drive.

3. I dont have to buy bread.

4. Mary can make delicious cakes.

5. She cant come to class today.

6. You mustnt drive too fast.

7. You must go to the doctors.

8. You should go to the doctors.

9. I cant hear very well.

10. John could play tennis when she was a teenager.

1. He ........................open the door; he lost his keys.

2. ......................... I have some coffe, please?

3. She ......... speak English very well; she lived in Ireland when she was young.

4. I ....................... go out, I have a lot of work.

5. We .................... wash our hands everyday.

6. ...................... you open the door, please?

7. Children ................... go to bed early.

8. My little sister ................... read very well, she learnt in the school.

9. I ............. go to the office tomorrow, I have an appointment with the dentist.

S6. Escriba las siguientes frases en ingls.

1. Ella tiene que ir al colegio muy temprano.

...............................................................................................................................

2. Ella va corriendo, debe de llegar tarde.

...............................................................................................................................

3. Mi ta no sabe nadar.

...............................................................................................................................

4. Tom debera hacer ms ejercicio.

...............................................................................................................................

5. John saba jugar al tenis cuando era pequeo.

...............................................................................................................................

6. Ella est llorando, debe de estar triste.

...............................................................................................................................

1. Where is your sister? Can / should you see her?

2. You dont have to / mustnt smoke in a hospital.

3. I cant do this exercise. Could / must you help me?

4. You are not fit, you should / can do more exercise.

5. You havent got a sweater, you can / must be cold.

6. My friend could / can write when he was three.

7. The museum is free, we dont have to / mustnt pay.

S5. Complete las siguientes frases con can, cant o must

1. You ...................... use the seatbelt in the car.

should

must

have

2. My mother ...................... sleep at nights, she ................... take some pills.

should / can

must / have to

cant / has to

3. In my opinion, you ..................... go to the party, they didnt invite you.

mustnt

shouldnt

cant

4. ................... you play the guitar? No, I .................... play any musical instrument.

can / cant

cant / can

ought to / must

5. She doesnt look very well, she .................... go to the doctor.

should

must

can

6. You ......................... take the car to go to the market, its very near.

mustnt

shouldnt

dont have to

7. I ...................... study a lot, tomorrow I have a very important exam.

have to

mustnt

cant
S1.

1. cant 4. cant 7. couldnt

2. can 5. could 8. could

3. cant 6. can / could

S2.

1. The children can go to the cinema. 5. Can you help me with my

homework?
2. My father cant drive.
6. Xon cant go to the party tonight,
3. My friend cant swim. hes got ...
4. I could swim when I was five.

S3.

1. has to 3. had to 5. had to

2. dont have to 4. doesnt have to 6. had to

S4.

2. Incapacidad. 5. Incapacidad. 8. Consejo.

3. Ausencia de 6. Prohibicin. 9. Incapacidad.

obligacin.
7. Obligacin. 10. Capacidad
4. Capacidad.

S5.

1. cant 4. cant 7. must

2. can 5. must 8. can

3. can 6. can 9. can

S6.

1. She has to / must go to school very early.

2. Shes running, she must be late.

3. My aunt cant drive.

 4. Tom should do more exercise.

5. John could play tennis when she was little.

6. Shes crying, she must be sad.

1. b 5. a 9. c

2.c 6. c 10. b

3. b 7. a

4. a 8. a

Autoavaliacin

1. b 5. a 9. c

2.c 6. c 10. B

3. b 7. a

4. a 8. a