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MECHANICAL
VIBRATIONS
Dr Zamir A. Zulkefli
Dept. of Mechnical and Manufacturing
Engineering
2/15/2017
Course expectations
Instructor and textbook
Learning outcomes
Synopsis
Course content
Course evaluation
Class schedule
Additional Information
Introduction to mechanical vibrations
CLASS OUTLINE
Name: Dr Zamir A. Zulkefli
Email: zamirdin@upm.edu.my
Phone: 03-8946 4378
Office: Room 24, KMP
Office Hours: Wednesday 11 am to 1 pm
Textbooks:
Thomson, W. T. & Dahleh, M. D. Theory of Vibration with
Applications (International Edition).
Rao, S. S. Fundamental of Vibration. Singapore: Mc Graw-Hill.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
This course covers the fundamental vibrations in one, two and
multiple degrees of freedom, determination of natural frequency,
analysis of continuous discrete system and continuous system.
SYNOPSIS
Introduction to vibration
Fundamental of Vibration
One degree-of-freedom system
Two degree-of-freedom system
Multi degree-of-freedom system
Analysis of discrete system
Continuous beam system
Continuous rod system
COURSE CONTENT
Evaluation breakdown:
40% Final Exam (Need to achieve 50% of the exam)
20 % Test 1
20% Test 2
20% Lab
COURSE EVALUATION
Lectures: Wednesdays 8-10 am
at BK 5 (Week 1-6)
at BK 6 (Week 7-14)
Labs: Thursday 2-5 pm (Group 1)
Friday 9 am 12 pm (Group 2)
at mechanics of machines and dynamics lab
CLASS SCHEDULE
Attendance: >80% (need to attend 10 weeks at least)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
So why do we have to study vibration?
The failure of major structures such as bridges, buildings, or
air-plane wings is an awesome possibility under resonance.
Long exposure to vibration transmitted to human can cause
serious injuries.
Vibration exposure for comfort and exercise equipment.
Isolating vibration from the vibration source.
The calculation of the natural frequencies is of major
importance in the study of vibrations.
IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING
VIBRATIONS
IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING
VIBRATIONS
Vibration: motion that repeats itself after an interval of time
The system can usually be represented by:
Spring
Mass
Damper
The vibratory motion of a rigid body involves the
transformation of potential energy into kinetic energy and
vice versa
INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION
Characterisation:
Linearity
Linear
Non-linear
External forces:
Free
Forced
Randomness:
Deterministic
Random
INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION
Free vibration
Vibrations takes occurs when a system oscillates only under
the action of forces inherent in the system itself
The system under free vibrations will vibrate at one or more
of its natural frequencies
The natural frequencies are properties of the dynamical
system established by its mass and stiffness distribution
FREE VIBRATION
Forced vibration
Vibration that takes place under the excitation of external
forces The system is forced to vibration at the excitation
frequency
If the frequency of excitation coincides with one of the natural
frequencies of the system, a condition of resonance is
encountered, and dangerously large oscillations may result
FORCED VIBRATION
The number of independent coordinates required to describe the
motion of a system is called degrees of freedom of the
system.
A rigid body will have six degrees of freedom, three components
of position and three angles defining its orientation.
A continuous elastic body will require an infinite number of
coordinates to describe its motion.
Classification:
Discrete
Continuous
DEGREES OF FREEDOM
Mathemati Derivation Solving the Interpretin
cal of Governing g the
Modeling Governing Equations results
Equations
ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
Main components:
Displacement: Spring
Velocity: Damper
Acceleration: Mass
MATHEMATICAL MODELING
Quantity In parallel In series
Equivalent spring
constant
Equivalent damping
constant
VIBRATION SYSTEM
Oscillatory motion
Periodic motion
Harmonic
motion
HARMONIC MOTION
By Mazemaster - Own work, Public Domain,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5803197
HARMONIC MOTION
HARMONIC MOTION
HARMONIC MOTION
Period
Frequency
Phase Angle
Wavelength
Natural frequency
Mean value (Root mean square value)
Peak to peak
Amplitude
PERIODIC MOTION
ansformOfT/
https://www.google.com/url?
FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
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Problem 1.10
Problem 1.17
EXERCISES