Radio/2-5-10/Doc Catedral

Exam:
** Left lateral decubitus view of the abdomen upright
- If not seen on upright view
- Liver ga float
- Its easier to see the liver

DR digital radiograph

SERIAL STUDIES if you want to follow up

KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder)

- Plain routine radiograph, no contrast..
- Needs preparation
- Include entire pelvis
- not done without preparation*
- Always PA lateral!
- You wont see the diaphragm

Abdomen include:
1. Diaphragm to rule out pneumoperitoneum
2. Lower 3rd of chest
3. C9

CROSS TABLE
- Patient is lying down
- Beam: one side of the patient
- Purpose: clue to detect pneumointestinalis pneumocosis

Imperforate anus whether high or low type

Plain abdomen done anytime in neonates & infant

**Routine (children, infants & neonates) PA LATERAL

- Whether lymph nodes are involved

Rankes complex Radiological

Primary Rankes complex Medical

**Basta Children:
- Always contralateral side if possible
- La pa nag fuse ang epiphysis
- Comparison fills on the contralateral side

**Basic procedure:
- Esophagogram
o study of esophagus
o endoscopic procedure
stomach, duodenum, proximal jejunum
o procedure is not complete without contrast

Pyloroantral 4th position of duodenum HYPOTONIC DUODENOGRAPH

Upper GI series:
- stomach
- duodenum
- jejunum

Normal gastric emptying time

- ? How many minutes or hours will it need to reach the ileocecal junction in barium??

Small intestines series study of small intestines

Barium enema study of large Intestine
- Double contrast
Colonogram (Whitish distal or proximal) surgical repair colostomy

Imperforate anus rice . Procedure

- High/ low type

Abdomen
- Include lower 3rd
- Diaphragm
- Symphysis pubis = always included
- Minute calcification usually at 6 oclock
- Cluster of fine..

Distal ureterolithiasis

Pregnancy
- Hysterosalpingography (study of uterus and fallopian tubes & ovaries)
- Find out for patency of fallopian tube especially fertility studies for females
- Spillage tubes are patent
Ovum d maka migrate/ pass through

Bronchography
- Study of chest

MOST COMMON PROCEDURES:

- IVP (intravenous pyelography )

3 requirements of IVP: DONT PERFORM IF YOU DONT HAVE**

1. Creatinine value
- Defer if elevated unless for emergency cases
- Good bowel preparation, just like KUB
- Uses contrast medium
2. Hypersensitivity test
- Budlay kng may allergic reaction ang patient
3. KVO a drip of deep vein open

Retrograde Pyelography
- Study of ureter & ureteropelvocalyceal system
- Contrast medium
- Still perform skin test

Voiding Cystogram
- Especially in children: rule out Urethral anomalies
- Adults: rule out Urethral strictures
promiscuity
STD

Intraoperative cholangiogram
o Find out if no other stones in biliary

Choledochal Lithiasis removal

T-tube cholangiogram
o before pulling out the T-tube
o find out if normal lumen
o if theres any stictures