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ALI GUREL
23
2a 3a
Problem 2, Solution by Zhifan Zhang: We claim that b+c a+b+c . Ob-
serve that the cyclic sum of this inequality gives the desired inequality. Since this
inequality is homogenous, after normalization we may assume that a + b + c = 1
and 0 < a < 1. Then after cubing both sides and simplifying it becomes equivalent
4
to a(1 a)2 27 , which follows from AM-GM on the three numbers 2a, 1 a and
1a
Problem 3, Solution by Taylor Han: Note that x + y + 1 > 2x + 2y + 1.
Adding a cyclic sum of these, and using that abc = 1, we get
X 1 1 1 1
> 2 + +
b + a1 + 1 c + 1b + 1 a + 1c + 1
q
cyc b + a1 + 12
1
1 b a
= 2 1 + 1 + 1 = 2
b+ a +1 a +1+b 1+b+ a
Problem 4, Solution by Wenyu Cao: By AM-GM, ab+3c 2 3abc. Thus,
abc 3(ab + 3c) 3 3c
= +
c + ab 6(ab + c) 6 3(c + ab)
Furthermore,
2ab 2c
a b a(b + c) + b(a + c) c + a+b c 1c 2
+ = = = +
a + bc b + bc (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) c + ab c + ab 1c
Thus, it suffices to show that
1 + 33 c 2c
1c 2 7 3
+ 1+
c + ab 1c 12
Note that 1 + 33 c 1c 2c
0 for all 0 c 1. Thus, by AM-GM we get
1 + 33 c 1c2c
2 1 + 3
3 2c
c 1c 2
+ +
c + ab 1c 1c 2 1 c
c+ 2
Let f (c) denote the RHS of the last inequality. After0 some calculations we find
that, f 0 (7 4 3) = 0 and investigating the sign of f we see that the maximum
7 3
value of f is f (7 4 3) = 1 + 12 . Hence, we are done
2008 BLUE MOP, INEQUALITIES-III ALI GUREL
3
Problem 5, Solution by Damien Jiang: Dividing both sides by abc and letting
x = ab , y = cb , and z = ac we get the equivalent inequality:
p p
(xy + yz + zx)(x + y + z) 1+ 3 (x + y)(y + z)(z + x), where x, y, z > 0, and xyz = 1.
Let A = (x+y)(y +z)(z +x). Note that (xy +yz +zx)(x+y +z) = A+xyz = A+1.
3
So it remains to prove that
A + 1 1 + A which after squaring and simplifying
becomes equivalent to( 3 A 2)( 3 A + 1) 0. Finally this follows from AM-GM,
i.e. A 8xyz = 8 or 3 A 2
1
Problem 6, Solution by Damien Jiang (finally): First note that
3
1+x3
2 2 2
2 a b c
2+x2 .Using this and letting x = , y = , z = , it suffices to prove the following
4 4 4
inequality:
x y z 1
+ +
(1 + 2x)(1 + 2y) (1 + 2y)(1 + 2z) (1 + 2z)(1 + 2x) 3
where x, y, z > 0 such that xyz = 1. After multiplying out and canceling terms, we
get the equivalent inequality
(x + y + z) + 2(xy + yz + zx) 9,
which follows from AM-GM, since xyz = 1
which is equivalent to
X X
(a + b + c)3 a3 + b3 + c3 + 24abc a2 b abc
sym sym
Problem 8, Solution by Joshua Pfeffer: Let log S = log a+log b+log c+log d <
1
log 3. Observe that the function x 1+e 4x is convex. So by Jensens Inequality:
X 1 X 1 4
1= 4
= 4 log a
,
cyc
1 + a cyc
1 + e 1 + elog S
which implies that S 3, as desired