Definition 2.

1 Earthquake

An earthquake is a vibration or shock that occurs in the earth's surface .

Normal earthquakes are caused by movement of the Earth's crust ( tectonic
plates ) . The word earthquake is also used to indicate the origin of the
earthquake occurrence . Our Earth is solid though , always moving , and
earthquakes occur when stress happens because the movement was already too
big to be held down .

2.2 Kinds of Earthquake

1 . Volcanic earthquakes ( Mountain of Fire ) . The earthquake was caused by

the activity of magma , which usually happens before the volcano erupted .
When its activity the higher it will cause an explosion that would also lead to the
occurrence of earthquakes . The earthquake is only felt around the volcano .

2 . Tectonic earthquakes . The earthquake was caused by tectonic activity , the

tectonic plates shift suddenly has the power from very small to very large . This
earthquake generated a lot of damage or natural disasters on earth , a strong
earthquake vibrations capable of spreading to all parts of the earth's tectonic
bumi.Gempa caused by the release of energy that occurs due to a shift in plate
tectonic plates like a rubber band pulled and released suddenly . Force
generated by the pressure between the rock known as tectonic disability . The
theory of plate tectonics ( plate tectonics ) explains that the earth consists of
several layers of rock , most areas of the crust layer will drift and float like a
layer of snow . Stir gently so that the layer berpecah - burst and collided with
each other . This is what causes tectonic earthquake tektonik.Gempa is unique .
Follow the pattern and distribution maps are special rules and narrowed , which
follow the pattern of meetings tectonic plates that make up Earth's crust . In
earth science ( geology ) , the theoretical framework of plate tectonics is a
postulate for

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explain the phenomenon of tectonic earthquake that hit almost the entire
region , which is adjacent to the boundaries of tectonic plates meeting . Example
is like a tectonic earthquake occurred in Yogyakarta , Indonesia on Saturday, May
27, 2006 morning , at 5:54 pm .

3 . Earthquake debris . These earthquakes usually occur in limestone areas or in

areas of mining , earthquakes are rare and localized .

4 . Artificial earthquake . Artificial earthquake is an earthquake caused by the

activities of humans , such as dynamite blasting , nuclear or hammer that struck
the earth's surface .
2.3 Clarification Regarding Earthquake

An earthquake is a vibration that can be felt on the surface of the earth

because of the vibration , especially from within the layers of the earth .
Earthquakes are frequent tectonic activity occurs coquettish .
Classification of earthquakes can be divided into 8 namely :
1 . Hiposentrum or earthquake focal distance , ie a point or line where the event
giving rise to the occurrence of the earthquake , is located in the lithosphere at
varying depths , in the Java Sea hiposentrum it recorded 700 principal, while the
earthquake off the west coast of Sumatra , south of Java , and Nusa Tenggara
depth of about 50 km .
2 . The epicenter of the quake , the dots or lines on the surface of the earth or
the sea level began to surface waves propagated places , or places of primary
and secondary waves first reach the surface of the earth or the sea .
3 . Earthquake waves , can be divided into 3 kinds:
a. Longitudinal waves or primary waves are seismic waves that propagated
through the layers of the lithosphere hiposentrum the spread at speeds between
7-14 km per second , has a period of between 5-7 seconds . This wave is a wave
that was first recorded by seismographs .
b . Transverse waves or secondary waves are seismic waves that together with
the primary wave propagated from hiposentrum all directions in a layer of the
lithosphere at speeds between 4-7 miles per second and has a period of 11-13
seconds . Because the speed of transverse waves are smaller than longitudinal
waves , transverse waves recorded in the seismograph after the primary wave .

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c . Long-wave or surface wave is a seismic wave that propagated from the
epicenter of the spreads in all directions on the surface
with a velocity of between 3.5 - 3.9 km per second and has a large period .
Seismic waves that accompany this long wave and the primary and secondary
waves are waves of the earth .

4 . Seismograph seismograph is an instrument . Seismograph can be divided into

2 types, namely :
a) Horizontal Seismograph
b ) vertical seismograph

5 . Seismogram is the picture of earth tremors were recorded on a seismograph .

The vibrational description line-shaped fractures . If the vibration is getting
stronger , then the broken line will be wider and longer if the tremor was in one
place , then the longer ribbon depicting the seismogram seismograph .

6 . Pleistosista limit is an imaginary line around the epicenter that suffered the
greatest damage caused by the earthquake .
2.4 Earthquake Causes

Most earthquakes are caused from the release of energy generated by

the pressure exerted by a moving plate . The longer the pressure was becoming
enlarged and eventually reach the state where the pressure is no longer
tolerated by the outskirts of the slab . That's when an earthquake will occur .
Earthquakes occur due to friction between tectonic plates beneath the Earth's
surface . Scrape issued enormous energy and cause shock surface . Indonesia is
prone to earthquakes because it is geographically located close to the active
plates and interconnected with each other , and because of the volcanoes are
active .

Earthquakes usually occur at plate boundaries such plates . The

most severe earthquakes typically occur at plate boundaries compressional and
translational . The focus earthquakes most likely to occur because of the material
layers are sandwiched into the lithosphere undergoes a phase transition at a
depth of more than 600 km . Several other earthquakes can also occur due to
movement of magma inside the volcano . Such earthquakes can be a symptom
of impending volcanic eruption . Several earthquakes ( but rarely ) occur also
because of accumulated huge mass of water behind the dam , such as in the
Caribbean Dam
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Zambia , Africa . Some ( rare too ) can also occur due to fluid injection or
akstraksi from / into the earth example , in some geothermal power plants in the
Rocky Mountain Arsenal . Lastly, earthquakes can also occur from blasting
explosives . It can help scientists monitor covert nuclear weapons tests
conducted by the government . Earthquakes are caused by humans is also called
induced seismicity .

2.5 Impact Brought From Earthquake

Earthquakes can cause damage to facilities such as buildings , bridges
and roads are big and spacious . The earthquake was also followed by a natural
disaster can be dangerous such as landslides and tsunamis . Fatalities usually
occur because of falling parts
section collapsed buildings or other heavy objects such as trees and power lines .
People are often trapped in the earth building runtuh.Gempa often followed by
aftershocks within minutes , hours , days or even weeks after the first quake ,
though often not as strong as the first . Threat of aftershocks was the collapse of
the building that has been shaky and damaged by the first earthquake .
If 2.6 Initiatives by Earthquake

Disaster preparedness plan includes not only building mere physical

planning . Everyone in the house should know what to do and where to go when
an emergency situation occurs .

v Principles standby plans for households

Simple . Household emergency plan made simple so easily remembered by the

entire family . Disaster is a very tense situation so easily trigger confusion . Good
emergency plan contains only a few details are mudahdilaksanakan .

Determine the escape road . Make sure you and your family the safest
tahujalan to get out of the house during the earthquake . If you plan to leave the
area or village , plan some jalandengan into account the possibility of a path
-breaking or closed due to the earthquake .

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Decide where to meet . In a state of scattered family members , such as
mothers in the home , dad at work , while the children in the school when the
earthquake occurred , determine the place to meet . The first should be a safe
location and close to home . This place used to be a place to meet family
members in an emergency . Second place can be a building or a park outside the
village , used under circumstances family members can not return home .
Everyone should know the place .

v Principles standby plan for school

Together with the principle of standby plans in the household . School buildings
need to be examined resistance to earthquakes . School should be built on
earthquake resistant building standards . School children need are often trained
to perform self-rescue measures in case of an earthquake , for example, at least
2 times a year .

v Setting earthquake resistant houses

To involve a building . Ask about home repair and strengthening of such porch ,
sliding glass doors , garage , and the garage door . At least part of earthquake-
resistant homes as a point or a shelter . Check if the solid foundation of your
house . If you have hot water and gas lines , be sure firmly embedded . Use a
flexible pipe connections . Put a large, heavy items on the bottom rack and make
sure the rack attached to the wall of death . Save the crockery in the bottom of
the rack or cabinet and drawers can be locked . Hang heavy items such as
pictures , paintings and mirrors away from beds , couches or chairs where people
sit . Immediately repair the damaged cables and leaky gas connections . Fix
cracks in the roof and the foundation of the house , and make sure it is not
because of damage to the structure . Put water and gas pipes are flexible to
avoid water and gas leaks . Save the insect venom or hazardous materials and
flammable in a safe place , locked and out of reach of children . Hanging
ornaments and lights strongly tied to not fall in an earthquake . If possible
provide a bedroll near certain places as a safety device from falling items above .
Provide helmets close to where you work or sleep tempak and use immediately
when an earthquake happens .

v. The act of a major earthquake

When you are in a building , looking for shelter , such as under a strong desk .
Avoid windows and parts of the house are made of glass . Use a bench , table or
strong household goods as protection . Still there but getting ready to move .
wait until the

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shaking stops and safe to move . Stay away from glass windows , fireplaces ,
stoves or appliances that may fall . Remain inside to avoid being hit by broken
glass or building parts . If your days and nights in bed , do not run out . Find a
safe place under a bed or table strong and wait for the shaking stops . If the
earthquake has stopped , check the family members and find a safe place . It's
good we have a flashlight near the bed . When the evening quake , inexpensive
tool is very useful to light the way to safety , especially when the power goes out
due to the earthquake . Candles and gas lamps are very dangerous , and should
not be used . If you are in the middle of the crowd , looking for protection . Stay
calm and ask the others to calm down as well . If it is safe , move to an open
space , away from large trees or buildings . Aware of the possibility of
aftershocks . If you are outside , look for the open , away from buildings , tall
trees andnetwork electricity . Avoid cracks caused by the earthquake which can
be very dangerous . If you are driving , stop if it is safe , but remained in the car .
Do not stop near tall trees , traffic lights or utility poles . If you are in the
mountains , close to the slopes or fragile gulf , beware of the rocks or landslide
that collapsed in the quake. If you are at the beach , immediately move to higher
areas or within a few hundred meters from the beach . Earthquakes can cause
tsunamis every few minutes or hours after the earthquake and cause great
damage .

v Actions Underway After Earthquake Gumi

When you and your family regardless of the threat caused by earthquake , check
for injuries . After helping themselves , help help those who were injured or
trapped . Contact the officer in charge of disaster , then give first aid if possible .
Do not attempt to move seriously injured because they can actually aggravate
the injury . Security check . Protect yourself from the threat indirectly by wearing
long pants , long-sleeved shirt , sturdy shoes , and gloves if possible also . This
will protect you from injury due to broken items .

2.7 Related Parties In Penangguluangan Disaster

 In any disasters in Indonesia there are several parties who work
together in making efforts to handle . People have the right to contact the
relevant agencies is because the existence of these parties is to assist people in
the disaster relief effort . relationship with

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These parties should be braided in stages before the disaster , during the
disaster and after the disaster . To strengthen preparedness , the public can get
training and assistance from agencies / organizations below :
a. Social Service
Is the government agency in charge of the welfare of their communities in
helping the stricken .

b . Indonesian National Army ( TNI )

Can training community members to improve their skills in
field operations in the field.

c . Meteorology and Geophysics Agency ( BMG )

Is a government agency that provides information about weather developments ,
earthquakes and volcanic activity .

d . Search and Rescue ( SAR )

Is the institution in charge of dalamhal do a search , rescue and rescue of
persons who had predicted disaster or lost in a disaster .

e . Hospital ( Emergency Unit )

Is a government institution and swastayang have the capacity / authority in
terms of public health services . In terms of disaster management , the hospital
did well in relief for victims of patient handling and emergency care actions
affected on an ongoing basis .

f . Puskesmas ( Community Health Center )

Is a government agency that has the duty to provide health services at the
smallest level of society , and these agencies have the ability to perform actions
handling emergency patients prior to further evacuation to the hospital .

g . Regional Police
Is a government agency that has the authority in terms of security and public
order as well as the functions that have committed acts that are emergency in
disaster management in the community . Police agencies typically exist at every
level of society to the smallest .

h . Hansip / Linmas
Are groups of people who were assigned to assist the police in doing their job
security domicile . The group now consists of elected community members and is
believed to oversee security and order in the region .

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i . Indonesian Red Cross ( PMI )

Is the agency tasked to help alleviate the suffering of the people in the disaster
-stricken communities .

j . Governmental Organization ( NGO )

Local NGOs can work together with the community in dealing with disasters and
assist communities to build relationships outside .

k . mass media
Print and Electronic Media ( TV and radio ) to spread the word
about disasters and can help to seek help .

l . Community Disaster Management Group ( CDMG )

Composed of community members whose establishment was the result of
the decision together .

2.8 Definition of Tsunami

Tsunami ( Japanese : ; literally means " big waves in the harbor " ) is
a wave that occurs after an earthquake , sea quake , volcano erupts , or a
meteor hit the ocean . Power is fixed against any tsunami heights and
kelajuannya function . With that , if the waves approached the beach , its height
increases while kelajuannya decreased . The waves move at a high pace , hardly
can be felt immediately by a ship ( for example ) as it crosses the deep sea , but
rising up to a height of 30 meters or more in coastal areas . Tsunamis can cause
erosion damage and loss of life in coastal areas and islands .

2.9 The Causes Tsunami

Tsunamis can occur if an interruption occurs that causes the
displacement of large amounts of water , such as volcanic eruptions ,
earthquakes , landslides or meteorite that fell to earth . However , 90 % a
tsunami is caused by an undersea earthquake . In recording the history of some
of the tsunami caused by volcanic eruptions , such as the eruption of Mount
Krakatoa .
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Vertical movement in the earth's crust , may result in rising sea floor or down
abruptly , resulting in water balance disorders who are in it . This resulted in the
energy flow of sea water , which when it reached the shore a large wave that
resulted tsunami.Kecepatan tsunami waves depends on the depth of the sea in
which the waves occur , which can reach speeds of hundreds of kilometers per
hour . When the tsunami reaches the coast , its speed will be approximately 50
km / h and the energy is very damaging coastal areas in its path .
 In the middle of the ocean tsunami wave height is only a few
centimeters to several meters , but when it reaches shore wave height can reach
tens of meters due to the accumulation of past water . When a tsunami reaches
shore will crawl inland away from the coastline with a range of several hundred
meters to several kilometers even . The vertical movement can occur on the
earth fault or fault . The earthquake also occurred in subduction zones , where
oceanic plates under continental plates infiltrates . Landslides on the ocean floor
and volcanic debris can also cause sea water intrusion that can generate
tsunamis .
The earthquake that caused the movement perpendicular to the layer of
earth . As a result , the seabed fluctuates suddenly that sea water balance is
disturbed it . Similarly, cosmic or meteor that fell from above . If the size of the
meteor or landslide is large enough , it can happen megatsunami that reaches
hundreds of meters .
Tsunami is actually a pattern of moving water . The pattern is always
sensible and legible . Each cubic water has the power to reach 4 ton power boost
. Tsunami as high as 60 feet has a pressure of 3-4 bar . And the power of the
waves lunge mencapaii to 80kilo newton .
Usually the appearance of waves or wave starts from the open sea and
open . Because water is a sensible pattern , and can be measured with
spectroscop ( sea wave gauges or inter- wave amplitude ), the location of the
earthquake epicenter or center can be estimated . Usually the movement of
goods is smashed by a tsunami wave can determine the location of epicenter , or
the center of the explosion ( explosive earthquake ) . Triggers tsunami was due
to an explosion under the sea in a large area . The explosion occurred due to
tectonic earthquakes .

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2:10 Impact of Tsunami Occurrence
Adverse impact of the tsunami is damaging anything in its path .
Buildings , plants, and resulted in human casualties and causing inundation ,
saltwater contamination of agricultural land , soil , and water bersih.Kebanyakan
cities around the Pacific Ocean , especially in Japan also in Hawaii , has a warning
system and evacuation procedures if only tsunami forecast will occur . Tsunami
will be observed by different seismological institutions around the world and its
development is monitored via satellite . Evidence suggests megatsunami not
impossible occurrence , which causes some islands sinking .

2:11 Tsunami and Earthquake that Never Happened in Various Areas

v Flashbacks of a devastating earthquake and tsunami that has ever happened .
Some of whom happened to Mother Earth , is as follows :
In 1907 , the first tsunami in Aceh Province DI .
Date December 26, 2004 , another tsunami in Aceh Province DI .
Date January 12, 2006 , Haiti earth quake that triggered a tsunami risk .
 In July 2006 , an earthquake and tsunami in Pangandaran .
In August 2009 , an earthquake in Padang .
Date August 1, 2010 at 9:10 pm , the increased activity of C2 -scale flare up .
Date August 1, 2010 at 16:00 pm , there was an explosion ( flares ) on the
surface of the sun .
Date August 3, 2010 , the impact of the explosion until the sun to the earth .
Date August 3, 2010 aurora sightings appeared in the skies over northern
Wisconsin .
v Tsunami In History
1 November 1755 . The tsunami destroyed Lisbon , capital of Portugal , and
swallow 60,000 casualties .
On August 26, 1883 , eruption of the Krakatoa volcano and tsunami killed more
than 36,000 people .
On 25-26 December 2004 , a massive earthquake caused a tsunami that
claimed the lives of more than 250,000 in South Asia , Southeast Asia and
Africa . Tsunami height of 35 m ,
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July 17, 2006 , earthquake that caused the tsunami occurred in the south of the
island of Java , Indonesia , and a maximum height of 21 meters was found on the
island of reclaiming . Claimed the lives of over 500 people .
12 September 2007 , Bengkulu , M8.4 , Eating 3 fatalities . Tsunami height of 3-
4m.
Many tsunamis that have occurred throughout human history . Some of these are
occurring in Indonesia , such as the tsunami that hit the Mentawai region and
tsunami in Aceh in 2004 .
http://www.crystalinks.com/tsunami12_04.jpg
History records that the disaster occurred due to geological activity that almost
always claimed many lives . Here is a history of the five most deadly tsunami .

1 . tsunami Aceh
The tsunami occurred on December 26, 2004 by an earthquake measuring 9.1 to
9.3 on the Richter scale . Tsunami waves swept several areas in Aceh , India , Sri
Lanka , Thailand , Maldives , and the East African region .
Some 226,000 people were killed by the tsunami with 166,000 souls is a
citizen of Indonesia . Earthquake causes tsunami is the fourth largest earthquake
that happened in history , while the tsunami was the largest tsunami . The
number of people who died reached 226,000 inhabitants with 166,000 souls is an
Indonesian.

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2 . The tsunami in Ancient Greece
Tsunami in the Ancient Greece is known is that the first tsunami recorded in
history . Therefore , the tsunami was the eruption of the mountain located near
the island of Thera or Santorini . The number of people killed in the tsunami is
not exactly known , but is estimated at more than 100,000 people .
Tsunami waves estimated at 15 feet . Meanwhile, the tsunami that occurred
in 1500 BC is expected to cause the collapse of the Minoan civilization , a
civilization that developed at that time .

3 . Tsunami in Portugal , Spain , and Morocco

The tsunami caused by an earthquake centered in the bottom waters of the
Atlantic in 1755 . Tsunami hit towns in Portugal , Spain , and Morocco with the
worst damage occurred in the city of Lisbon . Tsunami wave height does not
exceed Krakatau tsunami , but the number of people killed far more , as many as
60,000 people .

4 . South China Sea Tsunami

The tsunami occurred in 1782 in the South China Sea region adjacent to Taiwan .
Therefore , the tsunami is a tectonic earthquake occurs on the ocean floor .
Unclear epicenter and strength , but as many as 40,000 people die because of it.
Based on the published catalogs Russia tsunami , tsunami waves crashing inland
as far as 120 kilometers .

5 . Due to eruption of Mount Krakatau tsunami in the Sunda Strait

The tsunami occurred in 1883 and killed about 36,000 people . The tsunami
waves caused by the eruption reached 40 meters high and swept at least 165
villages in Java and Sumatra . Krakatau eruption itself is the largest volcanic
eruptions in history , creating a sound so loud and even volcanic ash spreading
to Australia .

2:12 The occurrence Terms Earthquake and Tsunami Early Warning System
v Terms tsunami caused by the earthquake
An earthquake centered in the middle of the sea and the shallow ( 0-30 km ) .
An earthquake with a strength of at least 6.5 on the Richter Scale .
An earthquake with a pattern of reverse fault or the fault down .

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v Early Warning System
Many towns around the Pacific , especially in Japan and also Hawaii ,
tsunami warning systems and have evacuation procedures for dealing with the
tsunami . Tsunami can be predicted by various institutions in various parts of the
world seismology and tsunami processes can be monitored through a device that
is at the bottom or sea surface terknoneksi with satellite .
Pressure recorders on the ocean floor together denganperangkat Buoy
floating at sea , can be used to detect wave that can not be seen by human
observers on the sea . Simple system that was first used to provide early warning
of impending tsunami ever attempted in Hawaii in the 1920s . Later , more
sophisticated systems developed after the great tsunami of April 1, 1946 and
May 23, 1960 . The United States made the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in
1949 , and connect to the data network and alerts International in 1965 .
One system to provide early warning , CREST Project , installed in the
U.S. West coast , Alaska , and Hawaii by the USGS , NOAA , and the Pacific
Northwest Seismograph Network , as well as by the three universities seismic
network .
Until now , the science of tsunamis is quite developed , although the
process is still much that is not known with certainty . Epicenter of an undersea
earthquake and possible tsunami events can be quickly calculated . Good
tsunami modeling has successfully predicted how big the tsunami wave height in
the source area , pace and time penjalarannya up on shore , the height of the
tsunami on the coast and how far marinade that may occur on the mainland .
However, due to natural factors , such as the complexity of the topography and
bathymetry around the beach and the shades of various land cover ( both
plants , buildings , etc. ) , estimated time of arrival of the tsunami , tsunami
heights and distances marinade still can not be modeled accurately .

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v Tsunami Early Warning System in Indonesia
Indonesia is currently undertaking the construction work of the Tsunami
Early Warning System . One of these projects is a collaboration with the German
state . The project is named GITEWS ( Germany Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning
System ) . There are three pilot areas were selected for the implementation of
this project is the city of Padang , Central Java ( Cilacap , Kebumen and Bantul )
and Bali ( Badung Kab. ) . Pengembangang Tsunami Early Warning System
involves many parties and government agencies . As coordinator of the
Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology is ( Research and Technology ) .
Meanwhile, the designated agency and is responsible for issuing INFO
EARTHQUAKE and TSUNAMI WARNING is BMG ( Meteorology and Geophysics ) .
The main objective of the Tsunami Early Warning System development
is to create a system that can sebuag inform and warn the public in case of a
potential tsunami earthquake in a short time , so that loss of life and material
can be avoided as much as possible .
v How it Works
An early warning system is a complex series of work systems and
involves many stakeholders at international, regional , national , regional and
empties into the community .
In the event of an earthquake , then the event is recorded by the
seismograph instruments ( recorder earthquake ) . In the oceans , electronic
equipment also records and record basic data and the sea surface . The data is
then sent via satellite to the office - office authorized ( for Indonesian named
BMG ) . Furthermore BMG will issue EARTHQUAKE INFO delivered through
technical devices simultaneously . The submission of the Earthquake Info for
today is via SMS , Fax , Telephone , Email , RANET ( Internet Radio ) , FM RDS
( Radio have facilities RDS / Radio Data System) and through the Website BMG
( www.bmg.go.id ) . If the quake had qualified or conditions of the tsunami , the
BMG will issue warning Tsunami Warning . That is, the quake has the potential to
cause tsunami . For this type of warning then , the government issued an
evacuation issue . Tsunami Warning For this category , local government has the
authority to sound the evacuation SIREN which means Perform . Warning Tsunami
Watch is automatically will also be shown through Mass Media TV and Radio
Electronics .

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Field experience and a lot of events proves that even though many
advanced equipment used , but the most effective tool to date for the Tsunami
Early Warning System is RADIO . Therefore , the people living Tsunami prone
areas are asked to remain alert to prepare to listen to the FM radio news Tsunami
early warning . Other tools are also known potent is Radio Communication
Between People . Organizations that care is RAPI ( Radio Antar Indonesian
population ) . Why Radio ? the answer is simple , because when an earthquake
off the lights often no electricity . The radio can be operated with batteries . Also
because of its small size , can be portable ( mobile ) . Communication radius is
relatively sufficient.

2:13 Things To Do During and After the Tsunami

v If a tsunami comes
1 . Do not panic .
2 . Do not make a spectacle of tsunami waves . When the tsunami waves can be
seen , means we are in a dangerous area .
3 . If the tide is low of normal range , the tsunami may occur .
4 . Move quickly to higher ground invite family and people around participate.
Keep in a safe place until the sea receded completely . If you are on the edge of
the sea or near rivers , immediately ran for dear life to a higher place . If possible
, run to the nearest hill .
5 . If the situation permits , go to the designated evacuation site .
6 . If the situation does not allow it to perform actions such as the above , look
for a steel-reinforced buildings ( ferroconcrete building ) , use the fire escape to
get to the top floor ( at least up to the 3rd floor ) .
7 . If the situation permits , wear a rain jacket and make sure your hands are free
and do not carry anything .
v After the tsunami
1 . When back home , do not forget to check out the relatives one by one .
2 . Do not enter the damaged area , but after being declared safe .
3 . Avoid electrical installations .
4 . Go post disaster , to obtain information Liaise degan communication and
cooperation of local people .
5 . Be prepared to go back to a normal life .