TUTORIAL 1: FLUID PROPERTIES

1. What is a fluid? How fluids are classified?

2. A fluid that occupies a volume of 24 L weighs 225N at a location where the
gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s2. Determine the mass of this fluid and its
density?
3. What is kinematic viscosity? Write it unit.
4. Define a Newtonian fluid.
5. Define a non-Newtonian fluid.
6. Give five examples of Newtonian fluids.
7. Give five examples of non-Newtonian fluids.
8. Give three examples of the types of fluids that are non-Newtonian. Sketch the
graphical profiles of non-Newtonian fluids.
9. The density of oil is 855 kg/m3. Calculate the specific gravity and the
kinematics viscosity if the dynamic viscosity of the oil is 5 x 10-3 Ns/m2.
10. The relative density of ethyl alcohol is 0.79. Determine the density and
specific weight of the alcohol.
11. Calculate the specific weight, density and specific gravity of a liquid having a
volume of 6 m3 and weight of 44 kN.
12. The oil with the volume of 5.6 m3 have a weight equal to 46 800 N. Determine
it density and specific gravity.
13. Which would have the greater dynamic viscosity, a cold lubricating oil or
fresh water? Why?
14. A liquid has a specific gravity of 1.9 and kinematic viscosity of 6 stokes. What
is its dynamic viscosity?
15. The space between two parallel plates 5 mm apart is filled with crude oil. A
force of 2 N is required to drag the upper plat at a constant velocity of 0.8 m/s.
The lower plate is stationary. The area of the upper plate is 0.09 m 2. Determine
the dynamic and kinematic viscosity of the oil if the specific gravity of oil is
0.9.
16. A large movable plate is located between two large fixed plates as shown in
Figure 1.1. Two Newtonian fluids having the viscosities indicated are
contained between the plates. Determine the
17. the shearing stresses that act on the fixed walls when the moving plate has a
velocity of 4 m/s. Assume that the velocity distribution between the plates is
linear.

Figure 1.1

18. What is surface tension? What is it caused by? Why the surface tension is also
called surface energy?
19. A small-diameter tube is inserted into a liquid whose contact angle is 110.
Will the level of liquid in the tube rise or drop? Explain.
20. A 0.8-mm-diameter glass tube is inserted into kerosene at 20 C. The contact
angle of kerosene with a glass surface is 26. Determine the capillary rise of
kerosene in the tube.
0.8 mm

Figure 1.2

21. A 1.2-mm diameter tube is inserted into an unknown liquid whose density is
960kg/m3, and it is observed that the liquid rises 5-mm in the tube, making a
contact angle of 15. Determine:

(i) The surface tension of the liquid; and

(ii) The capillary rise of the liquid, if the liquid is kerosene with surface
tension 0.028 N/m and density is 820 kg/m3.