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Definitions
Appropriate Museology (per Kreps)
Kreps coins the term appropriate museology for the process of
adapting museum practices and cultural heritage preservation
strategies to local cultural contexts and socioeconomic conditions.
Cultural Exception
France introduced this concept at GATT in 1993.
It stems from concerns that applying GATT principles to cultural
goods and services
undermined their unique status in favor of commercial aspects.
The purpose is to treat cultural goods and services differently from
other traded goods and services due to intrinsic differences.
This allows countries to maintain tariffs and quotas to protection their
national market from other nations cultural products.
The idea of cultural exception has gradually been replaced with the
concept of cultural diversity, which still allows member states to apply
policies and measures that exclude cultural goods and services from
international trade agreements.
Repatriation
They involve ideas of repatriation and restitution, arguments for/
against return of cultural
property, and looting, damage and destruction.
Repatriation is the process whereby specific kinds of American Indian
cultural items in a museum collection are returned to lineal
descendants and culturally affiliated Indian tribes, Alaska Native clans
or villages, and/or Native Hawaiian organizations. Human remains,
funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony are
all materials that may be considered for repatriation.
List
A condition for the appropriate museology to be sustainable
Appropriate museology is an extension of new museology, which
focuses on museum social roles and democratization of practices.
It considers the human or cultural dimension in international
development, drawing on ideas of appropriate technology,
participation and intangible heritage.
Its premise is that people act to conserve and enhance their
communitys collective heritage in culturally specific ways.
This suggests that no single set of curatorial practices is universally
applicable/appropriate.
It also suggests that development efforts with museums will be
sustainable/successful only
when they take local values, traditions, knowledge and resources into
account.
Compare/Contrast
Key similarity/function between museums and media
Museums and media are both involved in the production of meaning
through representation.
They both accomplish this by attaching importance to events,
processes, objects and people.
And they both are involved in constructing subjectivity and identity for
their audiences telling people what it means to be a part of a society
or community.