Counseling is a process that helps people learn about themselves, their

environment and ways to handle their roles in relationships. Glanz, (1974, as cited in
C. Hansen, R. Stevic, & W. Warner, Jr, 1986) points out, counseling is an applied
social science with an interdisciplinary base composed of psychology, sociology,
cultural anthropology, education, economics and philosophy. Each of these aspects
had contributed to counselling in general. From psychology we learn about human
growth and development, social gives insight into social structure and istitutions,
anthropology helps us understand the importance of culture and from economics we
can learn about the dynamics involved in the world of work.

From these concepts, we can say that guidance and counselling is vital in
primary school and higher education institutes. It not only solves disciplinary
problems in schools, but counseling also can help students to solve or face their
problems. Therefore, the process of guidance and counselling actually involves
collective efforts between counselors, teachers, peers, parents and the students
themselves.

As a new guidance and counseling teacher, there are various ways that I
need to do in order to improve counselling services in the school. The first thing that I
need to do is to decorate and clean counseling rooms in the school. I will reprint the
room with soothing colours like light blue or light purple and put inspirational and
beautiful pictures on the wall. Then, I will provide chairs and other suitable brochure
such as motivational brochure in the room. I will focus on making the room as
comfortable as I can because comfortable and soothing environment can help my
clients to feel relax when they enter the room. Soothing relaxation room is effective
to help individuals develop relaxation skills, cope with stress, and practice mindful
meditation ("Relaxation - Counseling Center - Loyola University Maryland", 2017).

Next, I will create an annual plan for guidance and counseling activities by
collaborating with school staff to provide supportive instructional guidance activities
that relate to students; self-knowledge, educational and occupational exploration to
facilitate academic achievement. I will plan various interesting and fun activities to
my pupils. For example, the drugs prevention seminar, bringing the pupils to visit
higher institutes and I will conduct motivational camp for the pupils. All these
activities are meant to motivate the pupils to learn and do well in their study so that
 they can enter Universities or other higher educational institute. This is called
intrinsic motivators where the pupils are fascinated with the subject which in this
case is entering the universities. Intrinsic motivations is really suitable to motivate the
pupils as Matt DeLong and Dale Winter (2002) stated that intrinsic motivation can be
long-lasting and self-sustaining. These are important because to enter a university
takes a lot of time to study and the pupils need a long-lasting and self-sustaining
motivations to keep them highly motivated in studying.

Last but not least, I will promote Guidance and Counseling unit to the pupils in
the school. I will present about the advantages in going to the guidance and
counseling room during the assembly to encourage the pupils to visit the room. In
addition, I will also create posters to promote services that I have in the Guidance
and Counseling units.
TYPES OF GUIDANCE
AND COUNSELING

Educational
Counseling
SERVICES

Personal/Social
Counseling
School-Wide
Events
Educational Counselling

Educational counseling was first introduced by Truman Kelley in 1914

(Makinde, 1988 as cited in Okumu, n.d). Okumu, n.d stated that educational
counselling is a process of rendering services to pupils who need assistance in
making decisions about certain important aspect of their education such as choice of
courses and studies, decision on interest and ability, choices of college and high
school. Educational guidance is concerned with the provision of assistance to pupils
in their adjustment to the schools curriculum and school life in general.

To implement this service in my school, I will help the pupils to understand the
importance of studying by explaining why they need to study and what should they
do to further their study during the counseling session. I can also give the pupils
some generals view about pupils ability and interest during the assembly to promote
the pupils to do educational counseling.

Personal and Social Counseling

Personal and social guidance is the process of helping an individual on how to

behave with consideration to other people (Okumu, n.d). Primarily, personal and
social guidance helps the individual to understand oneself, how to get along with
others, manners and etiquette, leisure time activities, social skills, family
relationships and understanding masculine and feminine roles. Schmidt, J. (1996)
stated that achieving academically and choosing a successful career are incomplete
goals unless students understand and accept themselves personally, and use this
understanding to successfully relate with others. Thus, personal and social
development is also an important aspect for the pupils to achieve in their lives.

To implement this service, I will identify pupils that have problems in their
personal lives or their social skills. For example, if I manage to identify pupils that
have problem in their social skills, I will help the pupils by guiding them to socialize
with other people. I will also give them some exercises or activities such as doing
work in a group to help them overcome this problem.
School-Wide Events

School-wide events is a service which the school counseling coordinates

activities or programmes that focus on certain issues. Schmidt, J. (1996) points out
that coordinating the activities of a school counseling programme includes planning,
organizing, implementing and evaluating school-wide events that focus on
developmental issues. The activities are planned to give awareness on certain
issues or to address particular development needs of the pupils.

To implement this service, I will collaborate with teachers in the school to

identify which issues that I need to focus on. Then I will coordinate the events in the
school with the help of the school staff or even the parent-teacher association
(PIBG). For example, I can organize events for health awareness, bully awareness,
smoking awareness or drug abuse awareness. This will help the pupils to be aware
of certain issues and to promote the Guidance and Counseling Units in the school.
Bibliography

C. Hansen, J., R. Stevic, R., & W. Warner, Jr, R. (1986). Counseling: Theory
and Process (4th ed., pp. 525-553). Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.

Matt DeLong and Dale Winter, Learning to Teaching and Teaching to Learn
Mathematics: Resources for Professional Development, Mathematical Association of
America, 2002, page 163

Okumu, A. Introduction to Guidance and Counseling (1st ed., pp. 51, 66).
African Virtual university.

Relaxation - Counseling Center - Loyola University Maryland. (2017).

Loyola.edu. Retrieved 2 March 2017, from
http://www.loyola.edu/department/counseling-center/students/relaxation

Schmidt, J. (1996). Counseling in schools (2nd ed., pp. 113-115). Boston:

Allyn and Bacon.

Stewart, W. (2001). An A-Z of counselling theory and practice (1st ed., pp. 40-
45). Cheltenham, UK: Nelson Thornes.