Political scientist Harold Lasswell defined politics as the
process of determining d. who gets what, when , and how in a society 2. Government can best be defined as b. The individuals and institutions that make society's rules and that also possess the power and authority to enforce those rules 3. In a(n) ______, the power and authority of the government era in the hands of a single person. d. Autocracy 4. The divine rights theory a. Held that God gave those of royal birth the unlimited right to govern other men and women 5. The United Kingdom (Britain) has a ________ monarchy where the monarch is merely a ceremonial leader e. Constitutional 6. Kim Jong Un in North Korea is an example of a(n) b. Totalitarian dictator 7. The word democracy comes from the Greek demos, meaning "__" and kratia, meaning "__" c.the people/ rule 8. A representative democracy is a form of democracy in which d. the will of the majority is expressed through groups of individuals elected by the people to act on their behalf 9. In a presidential democracy the lawmaking and law- enforcing branches of govt. are a. Separate but equal 10. Which of the following countries is an example of a theocracy c. Iran 11. John Locke was an English philosopher who argued that people are born with natural rights c. Life, liberty and property 12. Which of the following is not a fundamental principle on which American Democracy is based? c. economic equality 13. ______ is the belief that the many cultures that make up American society should remain distinct and be protected-and even encouraged-by our laws. b. Multiculturism 14. Which of the following statements is not accurate? 15. Which of the following statements is not accurate? 16. Progressivism is an alternative, more popular term for the set of political beliefs also known as c. Liberalism 17. ____ oppose almost all govt. regulation of the economy, and they oppose govt. involvement in issues of private morality a. Libertarians
18. The Mayflower Compact
e. was essentially a social contract 19. Americas first constitution is the b. Articles of Confederation 20. In 1765, Parliament passed the ______, which imposed the first direct tax on the colonies. c. Stamp act 21. The British Parliaments response to the Boston tea party was the passage of the ____ Act(s), Which closed Boston Harbor and placed the government of Massachusetts under British Control. c. Coercive 22. Thomas Paine's classic pamphlet, ______________, presented one of the most rousing arguments in favor of independence. b. Common Sense 23. The concepts expressed in the Declaration of Independence reflected European political philosophy. In particular, the theories of _____________ provided philosophical underpinnings by which the American Revolution could be justified a. John Locke 24. A confederation a. Is a voluntary association of independent states that are united only for the purpose of achieving common goals. 25. Under the articles of Confederation c. the central government had the power to regulate commerce between the states 26. Daniel Shay led angry farmers in western Massechusetts , seized county courthouses and disrupted debtors trials in 1786. This uprising is known as a. Shays rebellion 27. The Philadelphia meeting that became the Constitutional Convention was called for the "sole and express purpose" of d. revising the Articles of Confederation 28. For the most part, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention were d. from the best-educated and wealthiest classes 29. The ____ Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention favored large states. It called for a legislature in which the number of representatives would be in proportion to each state's population. d. Virginia 30. The great compromise e. Resolved the small state/large state controversy 31. In a compromise reached during the Constitutional Convention, it was agreed that ____ of all slaves were to be counted for purposes of representation in the House of Representatives for the slaves states. b. Three-fifths
32. The battle over ratification of the Constitution was fought
chiefly by two opposing groups, the c. Federalists and Anti-Federalists 33. John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison wrote a series of essays in defense of the constitution, collectively known as a. The Federalist Papers 34. To gain the necessary support for ratification of the new Constitution, the Federalists finally promised to add c. The Bill of Rights 35. The Ninth state to ratify the constitution, thus formally putting it into effect, was d. New Hampshire 36. Under the Madisonian Model, the powers of the national government were c. Separated into different branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial 37. By ____, all of the states had ratified the ____ amendments that now constitute the Bill of Rights d. 1791/ten 38. ____ is a system of shared sovereignty between two levels of government - one national and one subnational - occupying the same geographic region. c. Federalism 39. Which of the following countries has a federalist system? a. Canada 40. Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution enumerates twenty- seven powers that Congress may exercise. Two of these __________powers are the power to coin money and the power to regulate interstate commerce. d. Expressed 41. The constitutional provision in which gives Congress the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for the federal government to carry out its responsibilities is often referred to as the _____ clause b. Elastic 42. A requirement that a state provides a service or undertake some activity to meet standards specified by a federal law is called a b. Federal Mandate 43. The powers of a state to enact whatever laws are necessary to protect the health, morals, safety, and welfare of its people are called ____ powers d. Police 44. An example of a concurrent power is the power to a. Tax 45. The supremacy clause in Article VI of the constitution d. Makes the constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws 46. In __________, the Supreme Court established the doctrines of implied powers and national supremacy. b. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) 47. The model of __________ federalism assumes that the states and the national government are more or less equals, with each level of government having separate and distinct functions and responsibilities. c. Dual 48. Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal legislation ushered in an era of __________ federalism and also marked the real beginning of an era of national supremacy b. Cooperative 49. The transfer of powers to local authorities by a central government is called a. Devolution 50. Under the No Child left behind Act , the states b. Are free to establish their own educational standards 51. A(n) ____ is an order requiring that an official bring a specified prisoner into court and show the judge why the prisoner is being kept in jail. b. writ of habeas corpus 52. Civil liberties are a. individual rights protected by the Constitution against the powers of the government 53. The first eight amendments to the Constitution b. Grant the people specific rights and liberties 54. A key function of the Bill of Rights is to protect c. The rights of those in the minority against the will of the majority. 55. For many years, the court assumed the Bill of Rights limited only the actions of _______ governments. b. The National 56. The due process clause guarantees that the government will c. Not illegally or arbitrarily deprive a person of life, liberty, or property. 57. Starting in 1925, the Supreme Court began using the due process clause to say that states could not abridge a civil liberty that the national government could not abridge. In other words, the Court _____________ the protections guaranteed by the national Bill of Rights into the liberties protected under the _________________ Amendment. a. incorporated/Fourteenth 58. Congress prohibited from declaring Protestantism to be the official religion of the United States by the ______________ Amendment. d. establishment clause of the First 59. engel vs vitale (1962), the supreme court b. ruled that the state board of Regents in New York had acted unconstitutionally by composing a prayer to be used in a public school classroom 60. The three-part test used by the Supreme Court to determine whether government aid to parochial schools is constitutional is called the _______ test e. Lemon
61. The free exercise clause of the first amendment
c. has been interpreted by the supreme court to mean that the government has no authority to compel anyone to accept or reject any particular religious beliefs but the right to practice ones beliefs may have some limits 62. Which of the following statements are not accurate 63. Seditious Speech b. Urges resistance to lawful authority or avocates overthrowing the government 64. Commercial Speech d. Protected by the first Amendment, but not as fully as regular speech. 65. If the weekly gabfest publishes something about a person that is untrue, with the intent of injuring that person's reputation, and actual harm results, the daily gossip has engaged in c. Libel 66. The supreme court has held that a right to privacy is implied by other constitutional rights guaranteed in b. The first, third, fourth, fifth, and ninth amendments 67. In ____, the supreme court held that the right to privacy is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision to terminate a pregnancy, subject to regulations a. Roe V. Wade (1973) 68. In 1997 _____ became the first state to implement a law permitting assisted suicide quiz a. Oregon 69. Cruel and unusual punishments are prohibited by the ____ Amendment e. Eighth 70. The Fifth Amendment d. guarantees the right to counsel at various stages in some criminal proceedings 71. The U.S. Supreme Court developed a series of statements informing criminal suspects of their constitutional rights in a. Miranda V. Arizona (1966) 72. Generally, the term Civil Rights refers the rights of all Americans to equal treatment under the law, as provided for by the ____ Amendment to the Constitution d. Fourteenth 73. Under the "intermediate-scrutiny" standard, a law based on gender classifications is permissible if it is b. "Substantially related to the achievement of an important governmental objective." 74. The equal protection clause originally intended to protect ____ after the Civil War. d. newly freed slaves 75. "Jim Crow" laws a. Separated the white community from the black community
76. The Supreme Court established the separate-but-equal
doctrine in: b. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) 77. The Separate but equal Doctrine c. the principle of separate but equal was used to justify segregation. 78. The Supreme Court a. overturned the separate but equal doctrine in Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) 79. Segregation that is not imposed by law but is the result of past social and economic conditions and residential patterns is called _______ segregation a. De Facto 80. Discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, and national origin in public places of accommodation and discrimination in employment were outlawed by the c. Civil Rights Act of 1964