50 Question UT quiz

1. A test method in which the part to be inspected is separated from the search unit by
water or some other liquid couplant is called

contact testing

immersion testing

surface wave testing

through-transmission testing

2. The act of evaluating and adjusting the precision and accuracy of the measurement
equipment is called:

Standardization

Calibration

Accuracy

Tuning

3. Defects are generally known as volumetric or planar and it is considered that:

volumetric are more serious because they are higher stress concentrators.
 planar are more serious because they are higher stress concentrators.

both are equally serious because they are equal stress concentrators.

both are equally serious but they are not stress concentrators.

4. The accuracy of an ultrasonic thickness test is influenced by?

probe sensitivity

condition of the reflecting surface

accuracy of technicians calibration

all factors above affect accuracy

5. Snells Law describes the relationship between the sound velocity and:

The refracted angle of the wave

The reflected angle of the wave

Both A and B

None of the above

6. Significant errors in ultrasonic thickness measurements can occur if;

 Test frequency is varying at a constant rate.

The velocity of propagation deviates substantially from an assumed constant value for
a given material.

Water is employed as a couplant between the transducer and the part being measured.

None of the above should cause errors.

7. DAC stands for:

Distance Application Code

Direct Amplitude Code

Distance Amplitude Correction

Divergence Application Couplant

8. When the motion of the particles of a medium are at right angles to the direction of
wave motion, the wave being transmitted is called a:

longitudinal wave

shear wave

surface wave
 lamb wave

9. Of the following probes available, which would be the most appropriate to use on a
material with high attenuation and good surface finish

Single crystal 2 MHz, 12.5 mm diameter

Twin crystal 4 MHz, 10 mm diameter

Single crystal 5 MHz, 10 mm diameter

Twin crystal 5 MHz, 12.5 mm diameter

10. When a wave encounters an interface at an oblique angle, what takes place at the
interface due to the different sound velocities

Attenuation

Refraction

Beam spread

Beam impedance

11. in ___________ ultrasonic waves are transmitted into the test material in the form
of repetitive shock vibrations
 pulse-echo testing

continuous wave testing

resonance testing

none of the above

12. The minimum detectable defect size for a 5MHz probe in Aluminium (V =
6.3Km/s) is:

1.26mm

0.63mm

1.26Km

0.63Km

13. The formula Sina1/Sinv1 = Sina2/Sinv2 is used to determine:

angular relationships

phase velocities

amount of reflected sound energy

acoustic impedance
14. Smith forging and which of the following are recognised metal forging processes:

rolling.

extrusion and open die.

upset and closed die.

extrusion and closed die.

15. What is used to support the active element and dampen the transducers
characteristics?

Resin

Oil

Backing material with a similar the impedance of the transducer

Any of the above will work

16. A term used in ultrasonics to express the speed at which sound waves pass through
various substances is:

frequency

velocity
 wave length

none of the above

17. An ultrasonic test using a straight beam contact search unit (probe) is being
conducted through the thickness of a flat part. This method is best for detecting:

Laminar type flaws with major dimension parallel to the rolled surface.

Transverse type flaws with major dimensions at right angles to the rolled surface.

Radial flaws with major dimensions along length but radially oriented to the rolled
surface.

None of the above.

18. Which of the following would make a good couplant?

Water

Oil

Glycerin

All of the above

19. The area in front of a transducer where there are extensive fluctuations in the
sound field is called the:
 Far field zone

Surface field zone

Near field zone

Phase shift zone

20. Of the following scan types, which one can be used to produce a recording of
discontinuity areas superimposed over a plan view of the part.

A-scan

B-scan

C-scan

D-scan

21. Immersion transducers have:

An acoustical impedance matching layer

A large angle of refraction

A small angle of refraction

A large angle of reflection

22. An alloyed metal contains:

two or more metals combined during the molten stage to form a new metal.

alternate layers of different materials

an intermetallic compound

none of the above

23. The gradual loss of sonic energy as the ultrasonic vibrations travel through the
material is referred to as.:

reflection

refraction

reproducibility

attenuation

24. The atomic number of an atom is equal to:

the number of neutrons and protons

the number of electrons

 the number of neutrons and protons and electrons

the number of protons

25. In a calibrated A-scan presentation, the horizontal base line represents:

Amount of reflected ultrasonic sound energy.

Distance traveled by the search unit (probe).

Thickness of material being tested.

Elapsed time or distance between reflecting boundaries.

26. In a basic ultrasonic test pattern (A-scan) for contact testing, the initial pulse
(assume no sweep delay is used):

Is the high indication of the extreme left side of the screen that represents the entry
surface of the inspected part.

Is the first pulse that occurs near the right side of the screen and represents the opposite
boundary of the inspected part.

Is an indication that appears and disappears during scanning.

Is away the second pulse from the left on the viewing screen.

27. The total resistance that the cable presents to the electrical current passing
through it is called:
 Attenuation

Impedance

Shielding

Resistance

28. Couplant displaces the__________ and makes it possible to get more sound energy
into the test specimen.

Surface rust

Surface blemishes

Sound energy

Air

29. Surface or Rayleigh waves travelling along the surface of relative thick solid
material, penetrate to a depth of approximately:

One wavelength

Two wavelengths

Three wavelengths
 Infinite wavelengths

30. When testing a weld for lack of side wall fusion, which probe is most commonly
used:

Surface wave probe.

Twin crystal probe.

Single crystal probe.

An angle probe.

31. In some inspection procedures the suppression (reject) control is required to be

turned off, this is because suppression may:

Introduce undesirable variations in the horizontal linearity

Introduce undesirable variations in the vertical linearity

Move the display of the transmitted pulse off the screen

not allow gating to be used.

32. Which type of test block is used to check horizontal linearity and the dB accuracy
per requirements of AWS and AASHTO?
 Distance/Sensitivity block

A DSC block

A rompus block

A shear wave calibration block

33. Increasing the frequency of an ultrasonic longitudinal wave will result in

___________in the velocity of that wave.

an increase

a decrease

no change

a reversal

34. The amount of beam divergence from a transducer (crystal) is primarily

dependent on:

Type of test.

Tightness of crystal backing in the search unit.

Frequency and crystal size.

 Pulse length.

35. A 6dB change in the measured ultrasonic signal strength indicates that the sound
intensity changed by a factor of :

Six

Two

Twelve

Sixty

36. The ultrasonic test method in which finger damping in most effective in locating a
discontinuity is:

shear wave

longitudinal wave

surface wave

compressional wave

37. When conducting a contact ultrasonic test, the hash, grass or irregular signals that
appear in the CRT display of the area because:
 fine grains in the structure

dirt in the water couplant

coarse grains in the structure

a thick but tapered back surface

38. During contact testing signal amplitude variations from a reflector can occur due
to:

Loss of couplant.

gain setting.

probe angle.

all of the above.

39. The moving of a probe along a test surface either manually or automatically is
referred to as:

scanning

attenuating

angulating
 resonating

40. Acoustic impedance is identified by the letter:

41. The boundary between two different materials which are in contact with each
other is called:

a rarefactor

a refractor

an interface

a marker

42. A calibration block produced by the International Institute of Welding is called:

An IIW block
 A DSC block

A rompus block

A shear wave calibration block

43. The equation describing wavelength in terms of velocity and frequency is:

wavelength= velocity x frequency

wavelength = (frequency x velocity)

wavelength = velocity / frequency

wavelength = frequency + velocity

44. Resonance or standing waves are a result of:

mode conversion

interference from reflected waves

beam divergence (spread)

attenuation of the sound waves

45. Ultrasound is generally defined as sound at frequency above the threshold of

human hearing, which is?
 20,000 MHz

20,000 Hz

2 MHz

2 Hz

46. Defects open to the surface are more dangerous than the same defect buried within
the body of the component because:

they maybe closed over.

they are lower stress concentrators and are more likely to propagate cracks.

they are higher stress concentrators and are more likely to propagate cracks.

they are both equally dangerous.

47. In the far zone of an ultrasonic beam, as the distance from the probe increases,
there is:

an irregular gain in beam intensity.

a regular gain in beam intensity.

a regular loss in beam intensity.

 an irregular loss of beam intensity.

48. Which material properties affect the speed of sound within a material?

Density and specific gravity

Atomic mass and density

Density and elastic properties

Acoustic impedance and atomic mass

49. A second name for compression wave is:

Lamb wave

shear wave

longitudinal wave

transverse wave

50. Within a given material, the speed of sound:

Is constant
Decreases with distance from the transducer

Increases with distance from the transducer

None of the above