0.9% NaCl in Isotonic Increases Replaces losses without altering Water (308 mOsm) circulating fluid concentrations. Normal Saline Crystalloid plasma volume Helpful for Na+ replacement (NS) Solution when red cells are adequate
0.45% NaCl in Hypotonic Raises total Useful for daily maintenance of
Water (154 mOsm) fluid volume body fluid, but is of less value Crystalloid for replacement of NaCl deficit. 1/2 Normal Solution Helpful for establishing renal Saline (1/2 function. NS) Fluid replacement for clients who dont need extra glucose (diabetics) Normal saline Isotonic Replaces fluid Normal saline with K+, Ca++, Lactated with (275 mOsm) and buffers pH and lactate (buffer) Ringers (LR) electrolytes and Often seen with surgery buffer Dextrose 5% in Isotonic (in Raises total Provides 170-200 water the bag) fluid volume. calories/1,000cc for energy. Crystalloid *Physiologica Helpful in Physiologically hypotonic solution lly hypotonic rehydrating D5W -the dextrose is metabolized (260 mOsm) and excretory quickly so that only water purposes. remains - a hypotonic fluid
Dextrose 5% in Hypertonic Replaces fluid Watch for fluid volume overload
0.9% saline (560 mOsm) sodium, D5NS chloride, and calories.
Dextrose 5% in Hypertonic Useful for daily Most common postoperative
0.45% saline (406 mOsm) maintenance fluid of body fluids D5 1/2 NS and nutrition, and for rehydration. Dextrose 5% in Hypertonic Same as LR Watch for fluid volume overload Lactated (575 mOsm) plus provides D5LR Ringers about 180 calories per 1000ccs. Normosol Isotonic Replaces fluid pH 7.4 (295 mOsm) and buffers pH Contains sodium, chloride, Normosol-R calcium, potassium and magnesium Common fluid for OR and PACU