Module 6 Properties of Solids and Fluids
Concept Builder
Properties of Bulk Matter
Elasticity:
Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship.
Hookes law, Youngs modulus, bulk modulus,
shear, modulus of rigidity,
poissons ratio; elastic energy.
Viscosity:
Viscosity, Stokes law, terminal velocity,
Reynolds number, streamline and turbulent
flow. Critical velocity, Bernoullis theorem and
its applications.
Surface tension:
Surface energy and surface tension, angle of
contact, excess of pressure, application of
surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and
capillary rise.
Heat, temperature, thermal expansion;
thermal expansion of solids, liquids, and gases.
Anomalous expansion. Specific heat capacity:
Cp, Cv- calorimetry; change of state latent
heat.
Heat transfer- conduction and thermal
conductivity, convection and radiation.
Qualitative ideas of Black Body
Radiation,Weins displacement law, and Green
House effect. Newtons law of cooling and
Stefans law.
Elasticity
1. A rubber cord of cross sectional area 2 cm 2
has a length of 1 m. When a tensile force of
10 N is applied, the length of the cord
increases by 1 cm. The Youngs modulus of
rubber is
(1) 2 106 N m2
(2) 5 10 N m
6 2
(3) 0.5 106 N m2
(4) 0.2 106 N m2
2. A thick uniform rubber rope of density
1.5 g cm3 and Youngs modulus
5 106 N m2 has a length of 8 m. It is
suspended from the ceiling of room. The
increase in length of the rope due to its own
weight will be
(1) 9.6 103 m (2) 9.6 102 m
(3) 9.6 m (4) 19.2 103 m
3. Two wires A and B of the same material
have their lengths in the ratio of 1 : 2 and
their diameters in the ratio 2 : 1. If they are
stretched by the same force, the ratio of
increase in the length of A to that of B will be
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 4 : 1
(3) 1 : 8 (4) 1 : 4
4. A uniform steel wire of length 4 m and area of
cross section 3 106 m2 is extended by 1 mm
by the application of a force. If the Youngs
modulus of steel is 2.0 1011 N m2, the
energy stored in the wire is
(1) 0.025 J (2) 0.050 J
(3) 0.075 J (4) 0.100 J
5. A solid sphere of radius 20 cm is subjected
to a uniform pressure of 10 6 N m2. If the
bulk modulus of solid is 1.7 1011 N m2, the
decrease in the volume of the solid is
approximately equal to
(1) 0.2 cm3 (2) 0.3 cm3
3
(3) 0.4 cm (4) 0.5 cm3
6. A rubber eraser 3 cm 1 cm 8 cm is
damped at one end with the 8 cm edge
vertical. A horizontal force of 2.4 N is applied
at the free end (the top face). If the shear
modulus of rubber is 1.6 105 Nm2, the
horizontal displacement of the top face will
be
(1) 1 mm (2) 2 mm
(3) 3 mm (4) 4 mm
28. A load of 1 kg is attached to a 1 m long wire
produces an extension of 1 cm. If the
diameter of the wire is 0.1 mm, find its
Youngs modulus (in N/m2) (g = 10 m/s2)
(1) 12.7 1010 (2) 14.6 1011
(3) 12.7 1011 (4) 14.6 1010
34. The magnitude of the force developed by
raising the temperature from 0C to 100C
of the iron bar 100 cm long and 1 cm 2 cross
section when it is held so that it is not
permitted to expand or bend is
(given = 10 5 per C, E = 1012
dyne/cm2)
 (1) 108 dyne L
(2) 109 dyne
(1) 2 (2) 2 L
(3) 1010 dyne
(4) 1014 dyne. L
(3) L (4) 2
Viscosity
23. A water barrel having water to a depth d is
18. A rain drop is falling with a terminal velocity placed on a table of height h. A small hole is
of 6 cm s1. If eight such rain drops coalesce made on the wall of the barrel at the bottom.
to from a big drop, the terminal speed will be If the stream of water coming out of the hole
(1) 1.5 cm s1 (2) 6 cm s1 falls on the ground at a horizontal distance R
1
(3) 24 cm s (4) 32 cm s1 from the barrel the value of d is
4h
19. Two capillary tubes A and B of radii r a and rb 2
(1) R (2) 4 hR2
of length a and b respectively are held
horizontally. The volume of water flowing per h R2
2
second trough tube A is Qa when the (3) 4R (4) 4h
pressure difference between its ends is P.
For the same pressure difference between 24. In a horizontal pipe line of uniform area of
the ends the volume of water flowing per cross section, the pressure falls by 8 N m2
second through the tube B is Q b. The ratio between two points separated by a distance
Qa/Qb is of 1 km. The charge in kinetic energy per kg
l b ra l b ra
2
of the liquid at these points is
(P = 800 kg m3)
l a rb l r
(1) (2) a b (1) 102 J kg1 (2) 105 J kg1
3 4 2 1
l b ra l b ra (3) 10 J kg (4) 103 J kg1

l a rb l r
(3) (4) a b 25. The pressure on the top surface of an
aeroplane wing is 0.9 105 Pa and at the
20. Water in a river 20 m deep is flowing at a lower surface is 0.91 105 Pa. If the surface
speed of 10 ms1. The shearing stress
area each wing is 40 m2, the net lifting force
between the horizontal layers of water in the
on the plane is
river is N m2 is (coefficient of viscosity of
(1) 2 104 N (2) 72 105 N
water = 103 SI units)
(1) 1 102 (2) 0.5 102 (3) 8 104 N (4) 4 104 N

(3) 1 103 (4) 0.5 103

Hydrodynamics = viscosity
21. A liquid flows through a pipe of varying
diameter. The velocity of the liquid is 2 m s1
at a point where the diameter is 6 cm. The
velocity of the liquid at a point where the
diameter is 3 cm will be
(1) 1 m s1 (2) 4 m s1
(3) 8 m s1 (4) 16 m s1
22. A large open tank has two holes in the wall.
One is a square hole of side L at a depth y
from the top and the other is a circular hole
of radius R at a depth of 4y from the top.
When the tank is completely filled with
water, the quantities of water flowing out per
second from both holes are the same. Then
R is equal to
26. Water from a tap emerges vertically down
with an initial speed of 1.0 ms1. The cross
sectional area of the tap is 10 4 m2. Assume
that the pressure remains constant and the
flow is steady. The cross sectional area of
the stream 0.15 m below the tap is
(g = 10 m/s2)
(1) 5.0 104 m2 (2) 1.0 105 m2
(3) 5.0 105 m2 (4) 2.0 105 m2
27. A cylindrical tank of height H is completely
filled with water. On its vertical side there are
two holes one above the middle at height h 1
and the other below the middle at depth h 2.
If the jets of water from the holes meet at the
same point at the horizontal plane through
the bottom of the tank, then the ratio h1/h2 is
(1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 3 (4) 4
Surface tension
 17. A film of water is formed between two
straight parallel wires, each 10 cm long and
30. Detergents in hot water enables grease to at a separation of 0.5 cm. The work that
be removed from plates by must be done to increase the separation
(1) changing the angle of contact between between the wires by 1 mm is (surface
grease and plate to an acute angle tension of water = 7.0 102 N m1)
(2) increasing the temperature of the liquid (1) 7.0 105 N (2) 1.4 105 N
(3) decreasing the density of the liquid (3) 7.0 107 N (4) 1.4 107 N
(4) changing the angle of contact between
grease and plate to an obtuse angle 29. Water rises to a height of 3 cm in a capillary
tube. The height of water in another tube
whose radius is half that of the first tube is
12. Work done to form a soap bubble of volume (1) 4.5 cm (2) 3 cm
V is W. How much work is to be done to (3) 6 cm (4) 1.5 cm
form a bubble of volume 2V?
(1) 2 W (2) 2W
Thermal Expansion
1/ 3 1/ 3
(3) 2 W (4) 4 W
4. When a rod is heated from 25C to 75C, it
13. A ring of external and internal radii r 1 and r2 expands by 1 mm. When a rod of the same
just touches, the horizontal surface of a material but with 4 times the length is heated
liquid of surface tension . The force from 25 to 50 the increase in length is
required to pull the ring away from the (1) 1 mm (2) 1.5 mm
surface is (3) 1.6 mm (4) 2 mm
(1) 2(r1 r2 ) (2) 2(r1 r2 )
5. A steel tape is calibrated at 20C, when the
(3) 4(r1 r2 ) (4) 4(r1 r2 )
temperature of the day is 10, the
percentage error in the measurement with
14. A mercury drop of radius 1 cm is sprayed
into 106 drops of equal size. The energy the tape is ( = 12 106/C)
spent (in joule) is (surface tension of (1) 3.6% (2) 0.36%
mercury is 460 103 Nm1) (3) 0.18% (4) 0.036%
(1) 0.057 (2) 5.7
6. An iron tyre is to be fitted onto a wooden
(3) 5.7 104 (4) 5.7 106
wheel of 1 m diameter. The diameter of tyre
is 6 mm smaller than that of the wheel. The
15. Two separate air bubbles of radii r1 and r2 minimum increase in temperature required
(r2 > r1) formed from the same liquid to fit the tyre onto wheel is ( = 12 106/C)
coalesce to from a single bubble. The radius
of the internal film surface common to both (1) 167C (2) 334C
bubbles is (3) 500C (4) 1000C
r1 r2 r1 r2
r2 r1 r2 r1 1 1
(1) (2)
1 7. A liquid occupies 6 of volume at 0C and 5
(r1 r2 ) of volume of a vessel at 20C. The
(3) 2 (4) (r2 r1 )
coefficient of expansion of the liquid is
(1) 2 104/C (2) 1 104/C
16. A needle of length and density will float
on a liquid of surface tension if its radius r (3) 3 104/C (4) 1.67 104/C
is less than or equal to
8. Coefficient of apparent expansion of a liquid
2 2l
when heated in brass vessel is B and when
l g g
(1) (2) heated in aluminium vessel is A. If the
2 coefficient of linear expansion of brass is x,
coefficient of linear expansion of aluminium
g g
(3) (4) is
 BxA B 3x A increase in temperature is 2C. The initial
(1) 3 (2) 3 temperature of the gas is
A B 3x A B 3x (1) 27C (2) 127C

(3) 3 (4) 3 (3) 300C (4) 400C

9. If the coefficient of cubical expansion of a Specific heat capacity:

1
12. The ratio of densities of two substances is
liquid is 9900 the temperature at which the 2 : 3 and their specific heats are in the ratio
density of liquid decreases by 1% of that at 3 : 4. The ratio of their thermal capacities for
0C is unit volume is
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 2
(1) 99C (2) 100C
(3) 2 : 1 (4) 8 : 9
(3) 10C (4) 199C

10. When an air bubble rises from the bottom of

a mercury tank to the top its volume Calorimetry
1
1
becomes 2 times. If the atmospheric 15. It takes 15 minutes to raise certain amount
pressure is 76 cm of Hg, then the depth of of water from 0C to boiling point using a
the mercury in the tank is heater. Then it takes 1 hour and 20 minutes
(1) 38 cm (2) 132 cm more to convert all the water into vapour.
(3) 76 cm (4) 49 cm Then the latent heat of vapourisation of
water is
11. A vessel contains 8 gm of a gas at a (1) 545 cal (2) 540 cal
pressure P and temperature 500 K. The gas (3) 533 cal (4) 513 cal
leaves through a small hole. The mass of
the gas left out when the pressure is P/2 and 16. 80 gram of water at 30C is poured on a
temperature is 400 K is (in gram) large block of ice at 0C. The mass of ice
(1) 5 (2) 3 that melts is
(3) 4 (4) 6 (1) 30 g (2) 80 g
(3) 1600 g (4) 150 g
12. A vessel is filled with some gas at 76 cm of
Hg. If the mass of the gas in the vessel is
increased by 50% at the same temperature 17. Ten grams of ice cubes at 0C are released
then pressure of the gas in the vessel is in a tumbler containing water at 40C (water
(in cm of Hg) equivalent 55 gram). The final temperature
(1) 114 (2) 76 of the mixture is
(3) 38 (4) 70 (1) 31C (2) 21.5C
(3) 19C (4) 15C
13. At the top of a mountain a thermometer 18. A tap supplies water at 15C and another
reads 7C and barometer reads 70cm of Hg. tap connected to a heater supplies water at
At the bottom of the mountain the barometer 95C. How much hot water must be taken so
reads 76 cm of Hg and thermometer reads as to get 60 kg of water at 35C?
27C. The density of air at the top of the (1) 5 kg (2) 10 kg
mountain is times the density at (3) 15 kg (4) 20 kg
the bottom.
(1) 0.99 (2) 0.9 19. If there are no heat losses, the heat
(3) 0.89 (4) 0.95 released by the condensation of x grams of
steam at 100C into water at 100C can be
14. If the pressure of an ideal gas contained in a used to convert y gram office at 0C into
closed vessel is increased by 0.5%, the water at 100C. Then the ratio of y : x is
nearly
 (1) 1 : 1 (2) 2 : 1 24. A wall has two layers A and B, made of a
(3) 2.5 : 1 (4) 3 : 1 different materials. Both the layers have the
same thickness. The thermal conductivity of
20. A beaker contains 200 g of water. The heat the material of A is twice that of B. If under
capacity of the beaker is equal to 20 g of thermal equilibrium the temperature
water. The initial temperature of water in the difference across the ends is 36C, then the
beaker is 20C. If 440 g of water at 92C is temperature difference across the layer A is
poured into the beaker, the final temperature (1) 6C (2) 12C
is nearly (3) 18C (4) 24C
(1) 58C (2) 68C
(3) 73C (4) 78C 25. The wavelength of maximum intensity of
radiation emitted by a star is 289.8 nm. Then
intensity of radiation of the star will be
(b = 28989 m K, = 5.67 108 W m2 K
4
)
(1) 0.38 108 W m2
(2) 5.67 108 W m2
29. A calorimeter containing 40 grams of water (3) 3.5 108 W m2
cools from 50C to 40C in 15 minutes.
(4) 56.7 108 W m2
When the same calorimeter contains
100 grams of water it cools from 50C to
26. The wavelengths corresponding to
40C in 33 minutes. The water equivalent of maximum energies of radiation emitted by a
calorimeter is black body at two different temperatures are
(1) 20 g (2) 10 g in the ratio 2 : 3. The rates of emission of
(3) 30g (4) 5 g radiation at these temperatures will be in the
ratio of
(1) 16 : 81 (2) 81 : 16
(3) 4 : 9 (4) 3 : 2

Heat transfer 27. A black body cools from 27C to 17C. The
wavelength corresponding to maximum
21. The temperature at the two ends of a metal intensity changes by %
rod of length 25 cm are 100C and 0C. (1) 10 (2) 6.66
Then temperature at a point 8 cm from the (3) 3.33 (4) 1.11
hot end is
(1) 68C (2) 40C 28. A body takes 8 minutes to cool from 90C to
(3) 32C (4) 60C 80C in a surrounding of temperature 25C.
The time taken by it to cool from 80C to
22. One end of a metal rod of length 30 cm and 70C in the same surrounding is
area 75 cm2 is in contact with ice at 0C and (1) 10 min (2) 9.6 min
other end at 100C. The rate of flow of heat
(3) 12 min (4) 16 min
is (k = 60 W m1 K1)
(1) 75 J s1 (2) 100 J s1
1
(3) 12 J s (4) 150 J s1

23. Two metal rods of same length and same

cross sectional area are connected in series.
If their conductivities are 120 W m1 K1 and
240 W m1 K1 then effective conductivity of
the combination is
(1) 320 W m1 K1 (2) 180 W m1 K1
(3) 80 W m1 K1 (4) 160 W m1 K1
Hydrostatics
7. A rectangular container 5 cm 10 cm
contains 5 kg of water. The pressure exerted
on the bottom of the container is
(g = 9.8 m/s2)
 (1) 4900 Pa (2) 9800 Pa (1) 10 kg (2) 10.5 kg
5
(3) 10,000 Pa (4) 10 Pa (3) 13.6 kg (4) 17.2 kg
11. An empty plastic box of mass m is released
8. A block of wood floats in a liquid with four- from deep inside water, is ascending with an
fifths of its volume submerged. If the relative acceleration of g/5. How much sand must be
density of wood is 0.8, what is the density of placed inside the box to make it descend
liquid in kg m3? with acceleration g/5?
m m m m
(1) 50 (2) 1000
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6
(3) 1250 (4) 1500

9. A cubical block of steel of each side is

floating in mercury in a vessel. The density
of mercury and steel are m and s
respectively. The height of the block above
mercury is given by

l 1 s l 1 s
m m
(1) (2)

l 1 m l 1 m
s s
(3) (4)

10. A spring balance reads 10 kg when a bucket

of water is suspended from it. What will be
the reading of the balance when an iron
piece of mass 7.2 kg suspended by a string
is immersed with half its volume inside the
water in the bucket? Relative density of iron
is 7.2.
All India Engineering & Medical Entrance Exams-Physics