Experiment no: 5

Aim: To determine the value of g using a simple pendulum, by plotting

the graph between l and T2 graph.

Apparatus: a simple pendulum, two halves of a cork, a clamp stand, vernier

calipers, meter scale, a stop watch, a graph paper and a piece of chalk.

Theory: Time period T of a simple pendulum is given by

l
g
T=2 ;

l
g
Squaring, T 2=42 ;

Hence g=42 l/T2.

Procedure: (1) For clamping the pendulum, we use a cork cut into two halves
and clamped. (2) The thread is allowed to pass through 2 pieces so as
to hold the pendulum tightly. (3) The cork pieces should always
be at right angles. (4) Set
the length equal to hundred cm. Now take 20 complete oscillations and record the
time. Find the time period of oscillations.
(5) Repeat the experiment for 5 different lengths of the thread.
(6) Find the radius of the bob by using vernier calipers and correct the reading if any
zero error is there. Take three readings.
(7) Draw the graph between l and T 2 taking l along X-axis and T2 along Y-axis. Obtain
the slope

Table: 1

For Diameter:
S Main Coinciden Magnitu Diameter(D)
no scale ce of de Observed Corrected
: readin vernier
X+y V.
g division
C
(x) in (y)
(cm)
cm
1

2
 3

Table: 2

For time period of pendulum:

Sl Distance Length Time for 20 vibrations Time T2 in L/T2
n between of (a) (b) (c) period sec2 in
o: point of pendul (sec) (sec) (sec) T= cm/
suspensi um T//20 sec
2
on and L=(x+y in
fixed ) (cm) (sec)
point P,
x=(cm)
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Calculation:
From the graph which is a straight line, two points (unploted) P and Q are selected

and slope of the curve( S= T2/ l) is found out. Therefore the value of g is g=

1s
42 in cm sec-2.