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The dispersing agent is in the molecule at the same time the opposite
nature of the surfactant having both oleophilic and hydrophilic.
Homogeneous dispersion of the difficult to dissolve in the liquid
inorganic solids of the organic pigment particles, but also to prevent
sedimentation of solid particles and agglomerate, and the formation
and stability of suspension desired medicament.
The role of the dispersing agent is the use of wetting and dispersing
agent to reduce the time and energy needed to complete the
dispersion process, the stability of the dispersed pigment dispersion,
the surface properties of the modified pigment particles, adjusting the
motion of the pigment particles, embodied in the following aspects :
shorten the dispersion time, improve gloss, improve tinting strength
and hiding power, improved color development and color, to prevent
flooding and floating, prevent flocculation, to prevent subsidence.
An Experimental Study of the papermaking black liquor lignin
sulfonate
Introduction
The main raw material for the paper industry plant fiber resources is
an important light industry, is typical of the major water users, a total
displacement after the chemical industry and metallurgy industry. The
discharge of waste water pollution comes mainly from the cooking
waste generated in the chemical pulping process, commonly known
as "black liquor". Per ton of pulp to be discharged black liquor
approximately 10t. The black liquor is a component of the complex
system, wherein 70% of the organic solids, including lignin,
polysaccharides, humic acid, and cellulose degradation products;
30% of the inorganic solids, including free sodium salt and a
silicon-containing compound, wherein the lignin, polysaccharides,
humic acid and other substances are active substances.
This study based on the the black liquor resource, explore the impact
of various factors on the wood pulp black liquor by the
lignosulfonates.
2.3 the relationship between time and the yield of sulfonated be seen
from Figure 4, with the increase in reaction time, increased yield of
sodium lignin sulfonate. This is in line with the general law of chemical
reaction, reaction time, the greater the chance of collision of reactant
molecules contact, the higher the yield. As the reaction proceeds, the
concentration of reactants is gradually reduced while increasing
product concentration, and the presence of the product prevents the
collision between the reactants, the reaction rate decreased. Reaction
after 15h, the curve to flatten, the the sulfonated yield no significant
change.
3 Conclusions
1. in the range of 100 C to 120 C sulfonated yield increased with
the reaction temperature; yield no significant change when the
temperature is higher than 120 C to 140 C increased by only 1. 6%,
showing that 120 C is the temperature of the reaction economic.
2. When P> 2 0 105PA when the yield impact is minimal; generally
up from the kettle into pressure (1 5 2 0) 105Pa pressure should be
from the kettle into the pressure-based.
3. Reaction 1 5h substantially reached the maximum yield;
sulfonated under acidic conditions yield with Ph value increases and
improve.
4. with the lignin concentration increased the sulfonated yield basic
downward trend, the lignin mass concentration of the reaction system
to 52. 5g / L is preferred.
5. sulfonating reagent with the increase in the proportion of the
absolute dry lignin is conducive to the improvement of yield, but
considering the ash and environmental impact and other factors, the
ratio of 21% is appropriate.