Estimation of Design Traffic for 30 Year Period

Using traffic growth rate of 5 % as per IRC:SP:84-2014

Traffic for CC Pavement (30 year period)

[A] Cumulative no.of commercial vehicles, predominant-
direction 36,052,539
(50 % of 2-directional ADT)

[B] No. of axle sets per vehicle 2.07

[C] No. of axles in predominant direction = [A] x [B] 74,628,755

[D] Design traffic (25% of 1D traffic for multilanes, i.e., 0.25

18,657,189
x [C]

[E] Night time (12-h) design axle repetitions (specify % night

8,209,163
traffic)

[F] Day time (12-h) design axle repetitions (specify % day

10,448,026
traffic)

[G] Day time (6-h) design axle repetitions for BUC 5,015,052

[H} Night time (6-hour) axle repetitions 3,365,757

[I] Percentage of vehicles w/ spacing <4.5m between the steering axle and 1st axle of the rea 100

[J] Night time (6-h) design axle repetitions for TDC 3,365,757

Proportion of the
Proportion of the axle category Categorywise Categorywise
Axle Category axle category
Day time repetitions for BUC repetitions for TDC
Night time

Front (steering) single 0.50 2,507,526 0.48 1,623,556

Rear single 0.24 1,203,613 0.29 986,623
Rear Tandem 0.25 1,253,763 0.22 749,334
Rear Tridem 0.01 50,151 0.00 6,244
1.0 5,015,052 1.0 3,365,757
Fatigue Damage Analysis as per IRC 58-2015
A. Bottom-Up Cracking Fatigue Analysis for Day-time (6 hr) Traffic & +VE Temperature Differential
Trial thickness, h (in m) 0.26 Doweled Joints Y
Effective modulus k, MPa/m 285 Concrete shoulder Y
Temperature gradient, T 20.44 Design period 30 Yrs
Radius of Rel-Stiffness, l (in m) 0.63 Design traffic for BUC fatigue analysis 5,015,052
Conc. Unit weight, 24 E- Concrete, MPa 30,000
Flexural strength of concrete (90 days), MPa 4.95 - Concrete 0.15
(i) Rear Single Axles
Proportion of rear single axles 0.24 Note- 2.77kg/cm3 = 27.2 MPa/m
Axle Repetitions - Rear Single Axles Only 1,203,613
Frequency Stress Stress Expected Fatigue Analysis
Mid Point of
Axle Load Axle Load (as % of single MPa Ratio Repetitions Allowable Fatigue
Group, kN Group, kN axles) from charts Repetitions Percent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

185 195 190 0.00 2.936 0.59 0 40,842 0.000

175 185 180 0.00 2.842 0.57 0 71,229 0.000

165 175 170 0.52 2.749 0.56 6,236 94,065 0.066

155 165 160 0.52 2.655 0.54 6,236 166,533 0.037

145 155 150 1.55 2.561 0.52 18,709 326,334 0.057

135 145 140 1.55 2.468 0.50 18,709 762,043 0.02

125 135 130 3.63 2.374 0.48 43,654 2,402,754 0.02

115 125 120 3.11 2.280 0.46 37,418 14,335,236 0.00

105 115 110 5.18 2.186 0.44 62,363 unlimited -

95 105 100 7.77 2.093 0.42 93,545 unlimited -

85 95 90 10.88 1.999 0.40 130,963 unlimited -

0 85 43 65.28 1.554 0.31 785,778 unlimited -

Sum 100.00 1,203,613 0.206

(ii) Rear Tandem Axles

Proportion of Rear Tandem axles 0.25
Axle Repetitions - Rear Tandem Axles Only 1,253,763
Frequency Stress Stress Expected Fatigue Analysis
Mid Point of
Axle Load Axle Load (as % of tandem MPa Ratio Repetitions Allowable Fatigue
Group, kN Group, kN axles) from charts Repetitions Percent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

380 400 390 0.00 2.527 0.51 0 485,184 0.000

360 380 370 0.00 2.442 0.49 0 1,286,914 0.000

340 360 350 0.50 2.358 0.48 6,238 2,402,754 0.003

320 340 330 3.48 2.273 0.46 43,663 14,335,236 0.003

300 320 310 4.98 2.189 0.44 62,376 unlimited -

280 300 290 5.47 2.104 0.43 68,614 unlimited -

260 280 270 4.98 2.020 0.41 62,376 unlimited -

240 260 250 9.45 1.935 0.39 118,515 unlimited -

220 240 230 11.44 1.851 0.37 143,465 unlimited -

200 220 210 14.93 1.767 0.36 187,129 unlimited -

180 200 190 8.46 1.682 0.34 106,040 unlimited -

0 180 90 36.32 1.260 0.25 455,347 unlimited -

Sum 100.00 1,253,763 0.0056

Conclusion:- Design is Safe under Bottom-up Cracking Cumulative fatigue life consumed 0.212

CFD (BUC) + CFD (TDC) = 0.58 Design Safe As per Clause 6.3.4.1 of IRC 58-2015
Fatigue Damage Analysis as per IRC 58-2015
B. Top-Down Cracking Fatigue Analysis for Night-time (6 hr) Traffic & - VE Temperature Differential
Trial thickness,h (in m) 0.26 Doweled Joints Y
Effective modulus k, MPa/m 285 Concrete shoulder Y
Max Daytime Temperature gradient, T 20.44 Night time Temperature Differ, T 15.22
Radius of Rel-Stiffness, l (in m) 0.63 Night time 6-h axle load repetn 3,365,757
% of cv w/ spacing <4.5m between the steering axle & 1st axle of rear axle unit 1
Design axle load repetitions for TDC 3,365,757 Spacing of contraction warping joint, m 4.5
Beta Factor, 0.66 E- Concrete, MPa 30,000
Flexural strength of concrete(90 days), MPa 4.95 - Concrete 0.15
(i) Rear Single Axles
Proportion of rear single axles 0.29 Note- 2.77kg/cm3 = 27.2 MPa/m
Axle Repetitions - Rear Single Axles Only 986,623
Frequency Stress Stress Expected Fatigue Analysis
Mid Point of
(as % of single MPa Ratio Repetitions Allowable Fatigue
Axle Load Axle Load
Group, kN Group, kN axles) from charts Repetitions Percent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

185 195 190 0.00 2.762 0.56 0 94,065 0.000

175 185 180 0.00 2.698 0.54 0 166,533 0.000

165 175 170 0.63 2.633 0.53 6,244 229,127 0.027

155 165 160 0.00 2.569 0.52 0 326,334 0.000

145 155 150 0.00 2.505 0.51 0 485,184 0.000

135 145 140 0.00 2.440 0.49 0 1,286,914 0.000

125 135 130 1.27 2.376 0.48 12,489 2,402,754 0.005

115 125 120 1.90 2.311 0.47 18,733 5,202,474 0.004

105 115 110 5.70 2.247 0.45 56,200 62,790,761 0.001

95 105 100 12.03 2.183 0.44 118,644 unlimited -

85 95 90 12.03 2.118 0.43 118,644 unlimited -

0 85 43 66.46 1.813 0.37 655,667 unlimited -

Sum 100.00 330,956 0.037

(ii) Rear Tandem Axles

Proportion of rear tandem axles 0.22
Axle Repetitions - Rear Tandem Axles Only 749,334
Frequency Stress Stress Expected Fatigue Analysis
Mid Point of
Axle Load Axle Load (as % of Tandem MPa Ratio Repetitions Allowable Fatigue
Group, kN Group, kN axles) from charts Repetitions Percent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
380 400 390 0.00 2.794 0.560 0 94,065 0.000

360 380 370 0.83 2.730 0.55 6,244 124,526 0.050

340 360 350 0.83 2.665 0.54 6,244 166,533 0.037

320 340 330 2.50 2.601 0.53 18,733 229,127 0.082

300 320 310 4.17 2.537 0.51 31,222 485,184 0.064

280 300 290 5.00 2.472 0.50 37,467 762,043 0.049

260 280 270 3.33 2.408 0.49 24,978 1,286,914 0.019

240 260 250 6.67 2.344 0.47 49,956 5,202,474 0.010

220 240 230 10.00 2.279 0.46 74,933 14,335,236 0.005

200 220 210 18.33 2.215 0.45 137,378 62,790,761 0.002

180 200 190 16.67 2.151 0.43 124,889 unlimited -

0 180 90 31.67 1.829 0.37 237,289 unlimited -

Sum 100.00 749,334 0.3193
(iii) Rear Tridem Axles
Proportion of Rear Tridem Axles 0.0019
Axle Repetitions - Rear Tridem Axles Only 6,244
Frequency Stress Stress Expected Fatigue Analysis
Mid Point of (as % of Tridem Mpa Ratio Repetitions Allowable Fatigue
Axle Load Axle Load
Group, kN Group, kN axles) from charts Repetitions Percent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
530 560 545 0.00 2.708 0.550 0 124,526 0.000
500 530 515 0.00 2.644 0.530 0 229,127 0.000
470 500 485 0.00 2.580 0.520 0 326,334 0.000
440 480 460 100.00 2.526 0.510 6,244 485,184 0.013
410 460 435 0.00 2.472 0.500 0 762,043 0.000
380 440 410 0.00 2.419 0.490 0 1,286,914 0.000
350 420 385 0.00 2.365 0.480 0 2,402,754 0.000
320 400 360 0.00 2.311 0.470 0 5,202,474 0.000
290 380 335 0.00 2.258 0.460 0 14,335,236 0.000
260 360 310 0.00 2.204 0.450 0 62,790,761 0.000
230 260 245 0.00 2.065 0.420 0 unlimited -
0 230 115 0.00 1.786 0.360 0 unlimited -
Sum 100.00 6,244 0.0129
Cumulative fatigue life consumed 0.369
Conclusion:- Design is safe under top-down cracking