Assunto: Notas Culture and Power: the sociology of P. Bourdieu.

01/05/15

Obs: todos os negritos presentes so meus

Senso comum; pensamento cientifico.

Obs.:___ caracterstica do senso-comum asseres do tipo o conhecimento
uno, a nica verdade ..., etc.

For Bourdieu, philosophy is an ideal-typical form of symbolic violence that

lays claim to universal forms of knowledge totally independent of their social
location. He is sharply critical of all forms of intellectual practice-particularly
philosophical-that resist being situated socially (see Bouldieu 983b). 29

Demanda decorrente por mtodos de investigao prprios.

He [Bourdieu] in fact sharply criticizes "theoretical theory" for emphasizing
abstract conceptualization independent of objects of empirical
investigation.

Bourdieu proposes a sociology of symbolic power that addresses the

important topic of relations between culture, social structure, and action.
[6]

The possibility of revealing the underlying interests of practical social

life is, however, for Bourdieu no simple matter [10]

Obs.:___Levando em conta a teoria de Bourdieu

What form of objective scientific knowledge is therefore possible? [11]

He sees a unique role for epistemology as a necessary reflexive

monitoring instrument for increasing awareness of both the cognitive and
social conditions that shape and limit existing scientific work.
Epistemological reflection on previous theories makes it possible to
investigate precisely what they assume and to enhance the chances for an
epistemological break. 33

Preocupaoes e asseres de Bourdieu e Natureza dos

objetos.

()the question of how stratified social systems of hierarchy and

domination persist and reproduce intergenerationally without powerful
resistance and without the conscious recognition of their members [6]
He advances the bold claim that all cultural symbols and practices, from
artistic tastes, style in dress, and eating habits to religion, science and
philosophy even language itself- embody interests and function to
enhance social distinctions [6]

Bourdieu's sociology represents a bold attempt to find a middle road that

transcends the classic idealism/materialism bipolarity by proposing a
materialist yet nonreductive account of cultural life [7]

Since, according to Bourdieu, actors by and large misrecognize how

cultural resources, processes, and institutions lock individuals and groups
into reproducing patterns of domination, the task of sociology is to unveil
this hidden dimension of power relations. [10]

Reflexidade
Obs.:___Levando em considerao a teoria de Bourdieu sobre a
dominao,...

Faced with this dilemma, Bourdieu insists that socioanalysis simultaneously

requires reflexivity, that is, a systematic and rigorous self-critical
practice of social science [11]

Gaston Bachelard, whose non positivist epistemology calls for a reflexive

monitoring of the cognitive and social conditions that make scientific work
possible. Following Bachelard, Bourdieu demands that the standards of
critical inquiry be applied to observing social scientists as well as to
their subjects of observation. 12

He sees a sociology of sociology as a necessary means for freeing the

social scientist from the constraints of symbolic struggle in the field of
science 12

Bourdieu explicitly engages a series of metatheoretical issues that

he believes will establish a firm epistemological base for sociology 12

Apontamentos sobre Gaston Bachelard

Bachelard therefore sees his philosophy of science as "open," since
scientific reason is historical, discontinuous, dialectical, and
reflexive. New scientific knowledge obtains through an ongoing process of
negations and new syntheses. Since this dynamic process is continually
modifying and bringing into perspective new angles on the past through
elimination and rectification of past errors, the task of scientific
construction is never fully completed once and for all. 33

But science is a constructed knowledge that can be developed only

through an epistcmological break, or rupture, with everyday reasoning. 34
First, and foremost, is the idea that scientific knowledge must break with
received views of the social world, whether they be everyday lay
constructions or taken-for-granted theoretical perspectives. Scientific
knowledge is a constructed knowledge, one that is built against previous
conceptualizations. Second, the scientific method invokes the construction
of formalized models; and, third, these models must receive empirical
verification. Each of the three epistemological acts can be associated with a
particular research technique: 34

Just as Bachelard's epistemology rejects both idealism and empiricism,

Bourdieu too rejects the distinction between theory and research in
sociology. His method emphasizes integrating the two at every stage of
sociological inquiry. 35

Notas do livros Social Research May, Tim.

Empiricism, on the other hand, is a method of research

which has not referred explicitly to the theory guiding its data collection
procedures. It is thus characterized by the catchphrase the facts speak
for themselves (Bulmer 1982b: 31).11

The word empirical refers to the collection of

data on the social world to test, generate or interact with the propositions
of social science...11

() as Martin Bulmers quote indicates, the

empiricist school of thought believes that the facts speak for themselves
and require no explanation via theoretical engagement. 11