Md.

Mizanur Rahman

Room: 77, Block A Level 1; School of Engineering and IT

Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu,
88400 Sabah, Malaysia
Email: mizanur@ums.edu.my
 COURSE DETAILS

COURSE NAME : FLUID MECHANICS

LECTURER : DR. MD. MIZANUR RAHMAN
CREDIT HOUR : 3
PREREQUISITE : NONE
COREQUISITE : KA 30903 HYDRAULICS

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 REFERENCES

Potter, M. C., Wiggert, D. C. & Ramadan, B. H. 2012. Mechanics

of Fluids. 4th Ed. USA: Cengage Learning.
Cimbala, J. M. & engel, Y. A. 2014. Fluid Mechanics:
Fundamentals and Application. 3rd Ed in SI unit. Singapore:
McGraw-Hill.
S. Ramamrutham, Hydraulics Fluid Mechanics and Fluid
Mechanics, Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company, India 2003.
Sukumar Pati (2012) A text book on Fluid Mechanics and
Hydraulic Machines Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited.

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 COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course seeks to introduce basic principles of fluid mechanics

and establish its relevance in civil engineering, starting from the
introduction of fluid properties and pressure measurements, then
to fluid statics and dynamics in terms of concept, calculation and
application, and finally, to the analyses of fluids in pipelines.

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 COURSE OUTCOMES

At the end of this course, students should be able to:

Define and apply the basic knowledge of fluid properties and
pressure measurements.
Compute hydrostatic pressure and forces on submerged
surface/object.
Recognize different type of flow and flow characteristics.
Describe the fundamental equations of fluid dynamics.
Recognize the type of flow in pipelines and calculate the
friction losses and minor losses, as well as energy added and
extracted.

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 DELIVERY METHOD

The course content may be presented through a blend of

instructional methods including lecture, group discussion,
teamwork and independent study.

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 ASSESSMENT METHOD

Methods Percentage

Assignement 15%
Test 1 15%
Test 2 15%
Final 55%

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 COURSE SCHEDULE
Week Topic
1 Introduction, fluid definition, Engineering units
2 Engineering Units, Properties of Fluid
3 Pascal Law, Variation of Pressure with elevation, Pressure measurement
4 Hydrostatic Pressure Forces on submerged object
5 Separation, pressure diagram, life and drag on airfoils, Flow around
immersed bodies.
6 Buoyancy, Stability of submerged and floating bodies
7 Type of flow, flow characteristic and fluid kinematics
8 Fundamental equation of fluid mechanics
09 Continuity and momentum equations
10 Energy Equations and its applications
11 Behavior of real Fluid
12 Flow in Pipe lines, Pipe flow analysis, Losses in piping system
13 Simple pipe system, Analysis of Pipe network, Unsteady flow in Pipeline
14 Revision
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 INTRODUCTION & FLUID DEFINITION

Fluid Mechanics
It is a subject which deals with the conditions under
which a fluid can remain at rest or in motion.

Fluid
Mechanics

Fluid Statics Fluid Fluid

Kinematics Dynamics

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 INTRODUCTION & FLUID DEFINITION

A fluid is a substance which offers no resistance to shear

deformation and will continue to deform when subjected
to shear stress.

A fluid has no definite shape, and it takes the shape of

the container in which it is contained. A shearing force
on a fluid will change its shape

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 INTRODUCTION & FLUID DEFINITION

From the point of view of fluid mechanics, all matter

consists of only two states, fluid and solid.

The technical distinction lies with the reaction of the two to

an applied shear or tangential stress.

A solid can resist a shear stress by a static deformation; a

fluid cannot.

Any shear stress applied to a fluid, no matter how small,

will result in motion of that fluid.

Therefore , the fluid moves and deforms continuously as

long as the shear stress is applied.
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 INTRODUCTION & FLUID DEFINITION

A fluid at rest must be in a state of zero shear stress

which is known as the hydrostatic stress condition in
structural analysis

Two classes of fluids (a) Liquids and (b) Gases

Under compression all fluids diminish their volume, but

reduction in volume is so small in the case of liquids
compare to gas therefore

Liquid may be considered to be incompressible fluid and

gases are readily compressible

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 INTRODUCTION & FLUID DEFINITION

Liquid Gases
Liquids are relatively incompressible Gases are readily compressible

Gases have a very low specific

Liquids have a high specific mass
mass

Liquids can have a free surface Gases do not have a free surface

A given mass of liquid occupies a They fill the container fully

definite volume of the container regardless of their mass

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 PERFECT & ACTUAL FLUID

PERFECT FLUID OR IDEAL FLUID :

It is fluid in which only pressure forces exit whether the
fluid is at rest or in motion.
In the ideal fluid the internal forces on any internal
section are entirely normal to the section even when
fluid in motion. Since no tangential force exist, so it is
absolutely frictionless.

ACTUAL FLUID:
The pressure forces, shearing stress occur when the
fluid is in motion.

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 INTRODUCTION & FLUID DEFINITION

FLUID STATICS:
It deals with fluid at rest.
FLUID KINEMATICS:
It deals with pure motion of fluids without any
reference to pressure or any such agents influencing
the motion.
FLUID DYNAMICS:
It deals with the motion of fluids as a consequence of
the pressure and such agent on the fluid

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 FLUID MECHANICS

Application Areas of Fluid Mechanics

Blood Circulation
Cars, Boats, Aircrafts etc.
Wind turbine, Power plant, Industrial application
Piping and Plumbing

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FLUID MECHANICS

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FLUID MECHANICS

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 FLUID MECHANICS

No Slip Condition: A fluid in direct contact with a solid

Sticks to the surface and there is no slip. This is known
as the No slip Condition.

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