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Luminosity
The amplitude for the elastic scattering of
e+e- depends on . For small , the
photon-exchanging process dominates,
and the amplitude (and thus ) is well
known.
Thus, small-angle Bhabha events are
used to measure the integrated
luminosity.
Measurements and Data
Z decays are identified using the Mark II drift chamber and
calorimeters.
Charged particles are detected and momentum analyzed in a
72-layer cylindrical drift chamber in a 4.75kG axial magnetic
field.
Photons are detected in electromagnetic calorimeters.
There are two detectors for the small-angle Bhabha events:
The small-angle monitors (SAMs) cover the angular region of
50<<160 mrad.
The mini-small-angle monitors (MiniSAMs) detect Bhabha events
in the region 15.2<<25.0 mrad at one end of the detector and
16.2<<24.5 mrad at the other.
Measurements and Data
The cms energy E is determined on every pulse with an
uncertainty of 35 MeV, using an energy spectrometer in the
extraction line of each beam.
For decays to be regarded hadronic there have to be at least
three charged tracks and at least 0.05E of energy visible in
each of the forward and backward hemispheres.
Bhabha events in the SAM calorimeters are selected by
requiring 40% of the beam energy in each SAM.
Bhabha events in the MiniSAM are selected by requiring that a
pair of adjacent quadrants on each sides of the interactioin
point contain at least 25 GeV more deposited energy than the
other pair of quadrants on that side.
The effiecency for each energy-scan points derived by combining
random beam crossings at that energy with Monte Carlo Bhabha
events.
Measurements and Data
The table below gives, for each scan point, the mean energy of the Bhabha
events, the number of SAM and MiniSAM Bhabha events (and the efficiency),
the integrated luminosity, the number of hadronic and leptonic Z decays
detected that satisfy the requirements of the experiment, and the visible
cross section. The total luminosity has an overall 2.8% systematic error.
Analysis and Results
The Breit-Wigner
formula needs to be
modified to include
the effects of
corrections due to
initial state
radiation:
Analysis and Results
Three fits, which differ in their reliance on the
Standard Model
The first leaves only mz as a free parameter.
The second leaves both mz and N as free parameters but
fixes and all other partial widths to their expected values.
Here N is derived largely from the height of the resonance.
The third fit does not assume any SM partial widths. The
formula