AUS AS.18°93 MM 0784265 0502570 470 mm ANSVAWS A5.18-33 An American National Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding Copy by the Ameian Nellng Sac Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS A518 93 MM 0784265 0502571 337 a Keywords —carhon ste! welding electrodes, ANSI/AWS A5.18-93 e@ carbon stel welding rods, gas metal ‘An American National Standard are welding, gas tungsten ate weld- ing, metal cored electrodes, plasma are welding, stranded electrodes Approved by American National Standards Institute dune 28, 1993 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding Superseding ANSI/AWS A5.18-79 Prepared by AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by AWS Board of Ditectors Abstract ‘Classification requicements are specified for solid carbon steel electrodes snd rods, composite stranded carbon steel lectrodes, and composite metal cored carbon steel electrodes for gas shielded are welding, ‘The requirements for electrodes include chemical composition of the electrode for solid electrodes and rods, and of ‘weld metal for composite stranded and composite metal cored electrodes. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS~38 93 MM O7842b5 0502572 273 Statement on Use of AWS Standards ‘All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American ‘Welding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the ‘American National Standards Institute. When AWS standards ae either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state Iaws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be ‘approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contact or other document that invokes the ‘AWS standards, Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting partes. International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-416-7 ‘American Welding Society, $50 N.W, LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135 © 1993 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Note: The primary purpose of AWS is to serve and benefit its members, To this end, AWS provides a forum for the exchange, consideration, and discussion of ideas and proposals that are relevant to the welding industry and the consensus of which form the basis for these standards. By providing such a forum, AWS does not assume any duties to Which a user of these standards may be required to adhere, By publishing this standard, the American Welding Society does not insure anyone using the information it contains aga ty arising from that use. Publication of a standard by the American Welding Society does not carry with it any right to make, use, or sell any patented items, Users ofthe information inthis standard should make an independent substantiating investigation of the validity of that information for their particular use and the patent staus of any item referred to here ‘With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation, | ‘This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS Filler Metal Committee, It must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, it must be either reapproved ot withdrawn, Comments (recommendations, additions, or {eletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS Filler Metal Committee and the tuthor of the coniments will be informed ofthe Committe’s response tothe comments. Guests are invited to attend all ectings ofthe AWS Filler Metal Committe to exptess their comments verbally Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided inthe Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committe, ‘Accopy ofthese Rules canbe obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O, Box 351040, e@ Miami, Fotida 33135. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS A5.18 93 MM 0784265 0502573 107 mm Personnel AWS Committe on Filler Metal D.4, Kote Chairman The Lincoln Bletie Company RA. LaFave, Ist Vice Chalmman Ell Company “I-P-Hang, 2nd Vice Chalrman NCO Alloy Interationsl HP. Reld Secretary _Ametican Welding Sooty B.EAnderon —‘Aeotee KE Banks — Mckay Welding Products H.B-Botton Smith Toteratons RS.Brown Carpenter Technology Corporation LJ. Christensen Consultant RJ.Chrisofel Consultan ‘4 DelSignore _WestlnghouseElette Company H.W. Ebert Exxon Ressuch and Bngineeing Company S.E.Ferree ESAB Group D'A.Fink The Lincoln Electric Company ©. Halsirom Je. USNRC-RI RLHarvis®™ RL Harts Associates D.C.Helon Consultant e W.S. Howes National Electrical Manufacturers Association R.W.Jud Chrysler Corporation R.B.Kadiyala ‘Techalloy Maryland Incorporated PA.Kammer* Beatie Corporation ELKelly —Eateotc Corporation G.A.Kurisky Maryland Spectaly Wize ‘N-E.Larson Union Carbide, Indsial Gas Division A.S, Laurenson GH, MacShane 1M. Malik® D.F. Manning ‘MT. Merlo S.J. Merrick G.E. Metsger** WF, McLaughlin JW. Mortimer CL. Null ¥. Ogata J.Payne RL, Peaslee E. W, Pickering, Jr M.A. Quintana S.D. Reynolds, Jr* LF. Roberts D. Rozet P.K,Salvesen Adler Consultant Consultant ‘Asclee Canada Limited Hobart Brothers Company ‘Stoody Company MeKay Welding Products WRDCMLLS Chrysler Corporation Consultant Naval Sea Systems Command Kobe Steel, Limited Schneider Services International Wall Cotmonoy Corporation Consultant General Dynamics Corporation ‘Westinghouse Blectric PGOD Canadian Welding Bureau Consultant American Bureau of Shipping Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998HLS. Sayre 0. W. Seth R.D.Sutton R.W.Straiton* R.A, Swain JW. Tackett RD. Thomas, Jr R.Timerman* RT. Webster AE. Wiehe® WA, Wieho® WoL. Wileox Fd. Winsor® K.G. Wold 1.5. Wonder D.A. Fink, Chairman LR. Reid, Secretary BRA. Bushey P.R. Grainger RB, Kadiyala RA.LaFave* ‘M.T. Merlo C.F. Padden D.M. Parker MP. Parekh LJ. Privoznik® D.N. Reanik LF. Roberts RB. Smith R.Timerman® W.L. Wileax* D.W. Yonker, Jr. AWS Committee on Filler Metal (continued) AUS AS.18 93 MM 0784265 0502574 O4b Ml Consultant ‘Chicago Brldge and Iron Company L-Teo Welding and Cutting Systems ‘Bechtel Group, Incorporated ‘Thyssen Welding Products Haynes International Incorporated Consultant CONARCO, S.A. Teledyne Wah Chang Consultant ‘Arcos Alloys: Consultant Consultant Siemens Power Corporation “VSE Corporation AWS Subcommittee on Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Electrodes ‘and Rods for Gas Shielded Are Welding soln Electric Company “American Welding Society ESAB Group Continental Steel Corporation ‘Techalloy Maryland, Incorporated Elliott Company Stoody Company Ford Motor Company General Electric Company, MAO Hobart Brothers Company Consultant American Bureau of Shipping Canadian Welding Bureau L-TEC Welding and Cutting Conareo, S. A. Consultant National Standard Company Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS.18 93 MM O7842G5 0502575 T32 mm Foreword (This Foreword isnot a part of ANSI/AWS A5.18-93, Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas ‘Shielded Are Welding, but is included for information purposes only.) AWS AS.18 fist was issued in 1965 as a joint AWS/ASTM document. This eurrent document isthe third revision issued exclusively as en AWS publication, Format of the cutrent document has been changed to conform to thet being ‘used forall filler metal specifications revised since 1984. ‘The history of AS.18 may be summarized as follows: AWS AS.18-65T Tentative Specification for Mild Steel Electrodes for Gas Metal-Are Welding ASTM ASS9-65T [AWS AS.18-69 Specification for Mild Stoel Electrodes for Gas Metal-Ate Welding ‘ANSI W3.18-1973, AWSAS.18-79 Specification for Carbon Steel Filler Metals for Gas Shielded Are Welding ‘Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent tothe Managing, Director, Technical Services Division, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O, Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135. e@ Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements ofthis standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writing, tothe Managing Director, Technical Services Division, American Welding Society. A formal reply will be issued after it hs been reviewed by tho appropriate personnel following established procedures, Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS.28 93 MM O7842L5 0502576 919 mM Table of Contents Page No. Porsonnel ss Foreword List of Tables. List of Figures. 1. Scope. Part A —General Requirements 2, Classification 3. Acceptance . 4. Cottificaton... 5. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off Procedure. Part B—Tests, Procedures, and Requirements 6, Summary of Tests. 7, Retest 8, Weld Test Assomblies 9. Chemical Analysi 10, Radiographic Test 11, Tension Test 42, Bend Test 13, Impact Test 14, Diffusible Hydrogen Test Part C= Manacur, Hentfetion end Packaging 15. Method of Manufacture 16, Standard Sizes 17. Finish and Uniformity. 18, Standard Package Forms 19, Winding Requirements 20. Filler Metal Kdentification. 21. Packaging 22) Marking of Packages. ‘Arex — Gide to AWS Specification for Carbon Stel letodes and Ros, ss for Gas Shielded Are Mette AL. Introduction 0. ‘A2, Classification System ‘A3. Acceptance ‘A4, Contfication ‘AS, Ventilation During Welding ‘AG. Welding Considerations ‘A7. Description and Intended Use of Bletrodes ane Rods AB. Special Test8 nen . 9. Discontinued Classifications. ‘AO, Safety Information nnn AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Document . Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998Table Figure BREBEREVOeseNH AUS AS.18 93 mm O7642b5 OS0e577 455 a List of Tables ‘Chemical Composition Requirements for Solid Electrodes and Rods. ‘Chemical Composition Requirements for Weld Metal from Composite Electrodes, ‘Tension Test Requirements (As Welded) Impact Test Requirements (As Welded) Required Tests Base Metal for Test Assemblies. pion Disb Hydrogen Requemes Standard Sizes .. Packaging Requirements. List of Figures Groove Weld Test Assembly for Mechanical Properties and Soundness c Groove Weld Test Assembly for Transverse Tension and Longitudinal Guided Bend Tests... ad for Chemical Analysis of Weld Metal from Composite Electrodes . ‘Transverse Tension Test Specimen Longitudinal Guided Bend Test Specimen Charpy V-Notch Impact Test Specimen. Standard Spools — Dimensions of 4 in, Spools. ‘Standard Spools — Dimensions of 8,12, and 14 in, Spools Standard Spools — Dimensions of 2,24, and 30a, Spools. Classification Syste : Optional GTAW Groove Weld Test Assembly for Mechanical Properties and Soundness Optional Tension Test Specimen for Gas Tungsten Are Welding nan " vil Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS.38 93 MM O7842b5 0502578 792 am Speci n for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding 1, Scope “Tis speciation presses requrementsforthecas sification of exrbon std elecrodes (cll, composite Sitanded nd composite eal cored) and os cll fr fas metal ae (GMAW), gas tngsea are (GTAW) and plasma arc (PAW) welding. PartA General Requirements 2. Classification 2.4 The solid electrodes (ond rods) covered by this speo- ification are clasitied according othe chemical compo- sition of the eleciode, as specified in Table 1, and the mechanical properties of the weld metal, as specified in ‘Tables 3 and 4, The composite stranded electrodes and composi metal cred elecizodes covered by this specif cation are classified according to the chemical composi- tion and mechanical properties of tho weld metal as specified in Tables 2, 3, and 4 and the shielding ges employed. 2.2 Blectrodes and rods classified under one classifi tion shall not be classified under any other clasiication in thisspecfication, except that composite stranded oe odes or composite metal cored electrodes classified as E7OC-XC may also be classified us E70C-XM, o bat, 23 ‘Thewelding electrodes and rods classified under specification are intended for gas shielded are welding, ‘but that isnot to prohibit their use with any other process (or any other shielding ges, or combination of shielding ‘gases) for which they are found suitable, Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 3. Acceptance Acceptance! of the electrodes and rods shall be in accordance with the provisions of ANSVAWS A501, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines? 4. Certification By affixing the AWS specification and classification designations tothe packaging, o: the classification tothe product, the manufacturer certifies thatthe product meets the requirements of this specification? 5. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off Procedure 5.1 USS. customary units are the standard units of mea- sure in this specification. The SI units aze given as equivalent values to the U.S. customary units. The stan- dard sizes and dimensions in the two systems are not identical and, for this reason, conversion from a standard size or dimension in one system will not always co 1. See Section A3, Acceptance (in the Annex) for further information conceming acceptance, testing of the material shipped, and ANSVAWS A5.01 2, AWS standards may bo obtained from the American Weld- ing Society, $S0N.W. Leleune Road, 2.0. Box351040, Miami, Florida 33135, 3, See Section A4, Certification in the Annex) for further {information concerning certification and te testing called for to meet this requirement.AUS AS-18 93 MM 0784265 0502579 628 mw “aes a po oreo am 0 posde noon sosaby pod! 9 SOMEOADD PRO} OR DR SOREN] O29 eR gpa on om eb UE ‘ou ad 0 GPO sO 579 HS 20} LOD PIMP 54H BEE 3 SOPHO ROD fa GISELE 0 TORNTESHO SF emt SOS FeSO NIST ap! aL, 2 “sear osu pos on poses es Fee pL I J ANE Ao as pes apes 2M BD hwo 9m AA) “sar pe my 20 sks BoN=QUN pen PSVFEVS > more sci00 = J ‘soos adden pe umpc ‘suongd 3 09 2p sons ae sp "womsyond ogo 2052) paquaepS stan spa! ene ou a o1092 5 PEN PATA aye Sap TON HM EN SOE ‘unageu oa 90S 2 POURS ON, — = ‘osona oro oz st - = = ow © © © @ soo so 1 “oD “oO ses soo eso ost 100 st set sm ee eed a OO OO Ot coro topo oe roe ons sso oo ort 900 oso oot ow os - = 6 © © © © soo so im mo wes ssonwa oso oo 50 00 seo ost sto - = = ow © © © © soo soo om o ‘o zeus sont 90 ot 00 sco ort sto - = = © ®© © © soo soo me “om ours eon sy0 050900 svo wo sto a0 ort 2 os 9 oo @® © © © soo soo 9 8 wo seu0T sn 00 wo s00 ovo 060 v2 8 © A W O WS ¢ S WO RNS ARETE SAV saa EIN ‘SPY PUB S9PON99/3 PIjOg 10} swoUIoNINbay UORISodWOD [eOIWEUD bere, Cain bythe Artic Hele Sckty Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS A5.18 93 MH O7842b5 0502580 347 mm “rob tree poate emacs sm i depp epost es edo ge owen LY soe 05 porno soe 2 ea 30). WI 40 SPOOL PE* ONL OF “0D SHUEY SOBEL ‘secon tm Hot no.) ama TAS eA OEE SADR, 2, FHA TS AOAC XT AL + “Paneds ou eouaiay GAD @ = Gos03 OTE SANS snagpoaés 199 —_____~ o = coo-o03 wo © O O O wo wv v6 SLT ZO ‘COW'OD=IREAV ORs. — soLLOM x900a so © © © © eo sO O60 St cro ‘COm‘OOmERRAVHOR-s Odom xen Den te ann 0 Sap ea ENT OHSU SAY BEA ‘Seponjde]3 eYsOdWIOD WO4} |E}EW PIAA 40} sOWeXINboY UORJSOdWOD jeo}WOYD zee. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS.18 93 MM 0784265 0502581 266 Mm 4 Table 3 Tension Test Requirements (As Welded) ‘Tensile Strength ‘Yield Seng? 7 (nisinum) (wiaiau) Elongation as Shielang ee hen Ctastcationt Gs Bl MPa pal Mr (inte) ER7OS-2 ER7OS:3 ERTOS-4 0; Tom 480 38.00 od 2 ERTOS-S ERIS.6 ERT0S-7 ERTOS-G a row 480 38.00 00 2 ERCIX 7560S Arblance —70000= 480 58000 00 2 ENCE 60,610, 5706-608) a Tomo 480 38000 400 2 E70C.0500) 4 7000 480 Not Specified Not specified 1 The fol X shown in the claifcato epeseta a"C" or“ which coaspndsto ibe slelding gs wih which te electode clasiied The we {f*C" designs 100% CO, sidings M° degre 780% Aalace CO, For ETOC-O and E7OC-GS, the nal "Coc May be oie bs Yi stengh a 2% oie end elongation a 2.1 wa) gue length. = COyxertoa donde sbldng ge, Ta se of CO, for clasfeten purges shal mob constued io rece the se of AiO or AO shelling ferns. A ler eel etd wpa lends each se AO, o AICO, yal a weld tl avg higher stag and ower elongation. 4. Stleling ae ball bea agreed o Between purer and sup. e oe) the other, Suitable with a standard size or dimension Table 4 conversions, encompassing standard sizes ofboth can be _Impact Test Requirements (As Welded) sade, however, if appropiate tolerances ae applied in AWS “Average Impact Stengt™ cach case. Classification _ (Minimum) __ 5.2 Forthe purpose of determining conformance with this ERTOS-2 20 folbf at-20°F 275 @-29°C) spectiction, an observed or calculated value shall be ER7083 DOfelbratOrF (71 @ 18°C) rounded to the nearest 1000 psi for tensile and ERT0S-4 Not Roqulied strength, and to the “nearest unit” inthe lest right-hand ERTOSS NotRequred place of figures used in expressing the limiting value for ERTOS-6 20 elbfat-20°F 271 @-29°C) ‘other quantities in accordance with the rounding-off ERTS-7 20 li at -20°F 7 @ -29°C) ‘method given in ASTME29, Standard Practice for Using ERT0S-G ‘As greed berween supplier and purchaser SlgnificantDigitsin Test DatatoDetermine Conformance ETOCOCK) _Asagred between supplier and purchaser ith Specifications | ENCSK 0A AOF_ GN @-18°0) ENCSX ——_20fHlbfat-0F@-2"O) PartB EVOC-OSC) __Notrequred Tests, Procedures, and Requirements Nowe 6. Summary of Tests 1. Boh tbe highest und lowest of th fv et values bid sal be dreaded in compating te ipa seegih Twoof the remalseg 6.1 The testsrequired foreach classification are specified tec vas hall eer enced 20 fon ofthe rea serie selietries Soff brectiower ces tobi Tie in Table S, The purpose of these tests isto determine the Treepeol hes ull ettelewtbntbe get chemical composition, the mechanical properties, and +, Forcafetner heh (co dxgnon etal ‘pinnae eed tom priv Twoof te re ll e sborescecd Strh{(l0z) aeite tlt belower tsa Shura Gs), vege ote abet al eqn cneceed, 4 ASTMGtandads canbe obtained frm ASTM, 1916 Race ‘seat (100), Steet, Philadelphia, PA 19103 Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS-18 93 MM O7842b5 0502582 12 ml 5 Table 5 Required Tests ‘Chemical Analysis AWS aaa Radiographic Tension Bend Impact _Ditusble Classification Flectode Weld Metal Test, ‘Test ‘Test Test Hydrogen Test Soll Electrodes ER70S-2 Required Not Required Required ‘Not Required Required ° ERTOS3 Requted —-NotRequired Required Not Required Required © ERIOS-¢ Required Not Required Required NotRequired NotRequied —& ERIOSS — Requied --‘NotRequired Required NotRequired NotRequired ERI0S-6 Required Not Required Required e ERM0S-7 Not Required Required Not Required Required © ERTOS-G NotRequired Required NotRegured Not Required Composite Blectrodes EWOCX —NotRequred Required Required —=Requlred_—-NotRequired Required © EWOCSX —NotRequred Required Required =Required -—-NotRequired Required © ECG) NotRequred Required Required “Required ~—‘NotRequired Not Required & EIOC-GS(K} NotReqired NotRequired _NotRequred Required” Required __NotRequied 2 Ineced fr single pass weg ' Tanevee enon fat All hers ral weld metal esate © Optional ifarible yop ete reuzed aly when spocidy he parcasec or whe th manufacturer athe dfs hydrogen designator ‘onthe abel, (Al 02-2 and AS2 nthe Arex) soundness ofthe weld metal. The base metal forthe weld test assemblies, the welding and testing procedures to be employed, and the results required are given ia Sections 8 through 12. 6.2 The optional test for diffusible hydrogen in Section 14, Diffusiblo Hydrogen Test, isnot required for classifi cation. See note (¢) of Table 5. 7. Retest Itheresultsofany test fail tomeet he requirement, that {cst shallberepeatedtwice, Theresults ofbothretestsshall ‘meet the requirement, Specimens for retest may be taken. from theoriginaltestassembly or fromoneortwonew test assemblies, For chemical analysis, retest need be only for thosespecificelementsthat falledtomectiheisrequirement, 8. Weld Test Assemblies 841 At least one weld test assombly is required, and two may be required (depending on the electrode — solid as opposed to composite — and the manner in which the sample for chemical analysis is taken), as specified in ‘Table 5. They areas follows: (1) The groove weld in Figure 1 for mechanical prop- crtios and soundness ofthe weld metal for both composite and solid electrodes, or the groove weld in Figure 2 for Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 ‘mechanical properties of composite stranded and come posite metal cored electrodes designated for single-pass applications only (@) The weld pad in Figure 3 for chemical analysis of the weld metal from composite sanded and composite ‘metal cored electrodes ‘The sample for chemical analysis of weld metal from composite electrodes may be taken from the reduced section of the fractured all weld metal tension test speci- ‘men or from the corresponding locationinthe groove weld in Figure 1 thereby avoiding the need tomake aweld pad. Alternatively, the sample from the groove weld in Figure -Lmay be taken from any location in the weld metal above the tension test specimen, In case of disputo, the weld pad in Figure 3 shall be the referee method, 8.2 Preparation of each weld test assembly shall be as prescribed in 8.3, 84, and 8.5, The base metal for each assembly shall be as required in Table 6 and shell meet the requirements ofthe ASTM specification shown there, or anequivalent specification, Testing of the assembly shall. bbe as prescribed in 9.2, 9.3, and Sections 10 through 13. 83 Groove Weld 83.1 Forall classifications except B70C-GS(X), atest assembly shall be prepared and welded as specified in Figure 1, using base metal ofthe appropriate type spect fled in Table 6, The electrode used shall be 0.045 in.AUS AS.18 93 MM 0764265 0502583 059 a 6 4 PRESET ON ONE OR BOTH PLATES 10 min ——— - f f ain a] petmn }setenots —| Ti h~ ont oY | TEMPERATURE wensonowanr | | an . C 12 A an Rt hin SPECIMENS TENSION SPECIMEN be , SECTION AA SECTION BB e (@) ORIENTATION oF —_(@) LOCATION OF ALL-WELO-METAL TWPAGT SPECIMEN TENSION SPECIMEN ‘Ten Condon for Sold Eactodens Standard ia? oa in viein Shiating one C0, cos Wire ted sees 450 n/n (190 mea) #5 240 nmin 102 m0) 5% Nomi! are votage aoa 261020 Retutng caret, CERO 280 200 A 42010360 A {O6t? aactrode poste) Tiptomerkctance® 34.2 V8in. (093mm) 344 7810. 1943 mm) Teves 18 1 infin (65+ 08 mons) 191 infin (5 + 05 meseo) Note {All cimensions (excluding angles) aro in inches. 1. Prior to welding, the assembly may be preset as shown so thatthe welded joint wil be sufficient flat to facilitate test specimen removal As an élternatve, restraint ora combination of restraint and preset may Db use: «Test conditions for composte electrodes shall bo as recommended by the manufacturer, 4. Preheat and Intorpase temperatures for boln sod and composite electrodes shall be as specified In 6.3. © If sizes othr than 0.065 I and 1/16 in. aro tested, wire feed speed, (and resulting Cuten}, rc voltage, and tip-to-work distance, hall be changed as needed. This ont coniguation I not recommended for elacrode sles smalir than 0.035 in. (29 mm), {.ITeblelding gases or blonds other than CO are usod tho wre feed spoed (ad resiting cure) arc voltage, an travel speed are to be as agreed fo batwoon purchasar and supple. 19. The required combinations of electrode feed rato, arc Voltage, and tip-to-work distance should produce welding currants in the rangos shown, Gurenteeubstantialy outside theve ranges suggest oor in feod rte, tip-to-work stance, voltage settings, oF Instrumentation hi Distance from the contact ip to the work, not from the shielding gas cup to tho work e Figure 1 — Groove Weld Test Assembly for Mechanics Properties and Soundness Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AWS A5-18 93 MM O7B42b5 0502584 TSS oti a a L 40 MIN TRANSVERSE TENSION TEST SPECIMEN. (SEE FIGURE 6) [E+ mi piscano CE fF ww tccaro LONGITUDNIAL BEND TEST SPECIMEN (SEE FIGURE 7) nal SI EQUIVALENTS, wie 18 we 64 ees: 2 6 4100 6 180 1s wax ROOT OPENING uoleeaea Notes: 1, All dimensions are in inches. Dota A showe th completed Jolt and approximate wold configuration Figure 2— Groove Weld Test Assembly for Transverse ‘Tension and Longitudinal Guided Bend Tests (1.1 mm) oF 1/16 in. (1.6m) size (or the size the manu facturer produces that is closest to one of these, Hf these sare not produced) ‘Welding shal be in the fat pestion, and the assembly shall be restrained (or preset) during welding to prevent warpage in excess of 5 degrees, An assembly that is warpedmorethan5 degresshall be discarded, shallot bestraightoned The tesassombly shall be tack welded at room temperature and welding shall begin at that emaper- ature (60°F [16°C] minimam). Welding shal continue until the assembly has reached a maximum interpass temperature of 325°F (164°C), measured by temperature Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 {ndiatingerayons or surface thermometersatthe location shown in Figure 1. For the remainder of the weld, a minimum preheat temperature of 275°F (136°C) and maximum interpass temperature of325°F (164°C) shall bemeintained, Should ibe necessary to interrupt welding, the assembly shall be allowed to cool in still air at room tempereture, ‘Tho assombly shall be preheated to a temperature of 300 £ 25°F (150 # 14°C) before welding is resumed. ‘When welding has been completed and the assombly has cooled the assembly shall be prepated and tested as specified in Section 10, Radiographic Test; 11, TensionAUS AS.18 93 MM 0784265 0502585 92] wm L.LenoTH WELD METAL (SEE NOTE hy w, WIDTH ] (SEE NOTE hy H, HEIGHT (see NOTE 4) BASE METAL Notes: 5 Base metal of any convenient size, of any type specie in Table 6, shall be used as th base fo the weld pad, ‘ofthe base metl on nich the filer mata sto be depositd shall boc al be welded inthe flat potion with suocessive layers to obtain wal wal as the amperage emsioyed The preheat terperstira sal not be less than 60°F (16°C) and the Interpasstemparatue shall not exceed 25°F (64°C), ‘ny slag shal be removed aor each pt 6 a ter between passes to contro intrpasstemparstre ‘The tee aevemby may be quenched In The minimum completed pad size shall be at east four ayers in helght(, length (Later alowance jor sat land stop areas, and wath (W) shall bo aulflset 0 perform analyte. Th camole for analyse shal bo takon least 278 in, {88 mm) above the original base mata surface. Figure 3 — Pad for Chemical Analysis of Weld Metal from Composite Electrodes ‘Test; and 13, Impact Test All testing willbe performedin the as-welded condition except for the optional aging of the all-weld-metal tension test specimen specified in MAL, 8.3.2 For single-pass electrodes (classification E70C- GS[XD) « tes assembly using base metal as specified in ‘Table 6 shall be prepared and welded as shown in Figure 2. After tack welding the plates at each end, the test assembly shall be welded in the Hat position, with one bead on each side, Welding shall begin with the assembly at room temperature (60°F [16°C] minimum). When the weld bead has been completed on one side the assembly shall be turned over and the bead deposited on that side, igure 2. This sequence shall not be Inter~ as shown in rupted. The electrode size shall be 0,045 in, (1.1 mm) or 116 in. (1.6 mm) (or the size the manufacturer produces Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 that is closest to one of these, if these sizes are not produced). ‘Afterwolding hasbeen completed and hoassembly has ‘cooled in still air at room temperature, the assembly shall be prepared and tested as specified in 11.2 and Section 12, ‘Bend Test. All testing willbe performed inthe as-welded condition except for the optional aging of the bend test specimen specified in 12.2. 84 Weld Pad. A weld pad shall be prepared using ‘composite stranded and composite metal cored electrodes asshown in Figure 3, except when, as permitted in 8.1, the sample for analysis is taken from the groove weld (Fig- ‘ure 1) or the fractured all weld metal tension test speci- ‘men. Base metal of any convenient size which will satisfy ‘the minimum requirements of Figure 3, and is of a type specified in Table 6 shall be used. the base forthe weld.Table 6 Base Metal for Test Assemblies AWS ASTM, UNS Classification Specification Number ‘Allexcept BTOC-GS(X) 36, 02600 ‘A285 Grade C, ‘Ko2801 ‘A515 Grade 70 or KOBIOL ‘A516 Grade 70 02700 E700.650) A515 Grade7or ——KOSIOL ‘A316 Grade 70 02700 pad. Thesurface of the base metal on which fllermetal {sdeposied shall be clean. The pad shallbe welded inthe fatposition with multiple layersto obtain undiluted weld ‘metal layers minimum thickness). The electrode size shall be 0.045 in. (1.1mm) or /16in (1.6mm) orthesize thatthe manufacturer produces that is closest to one of these these sizes are not produced preheattemper- ature shall not be less than 60°F (16°C) and the ntepass temperature shall not exceed 325°F (164°C). Any slag shallberemoved aftereachpass.Thepadmaybequenched in water between passes (lemperature of the water not specified), The dimensions of the completed pad shall be a show in Figure 3. Testing of this assembly shall be specified in 9.2 and 9.3. The results shall meet the requirements of 94. 9, Chemical Analy: 9.4 A sample of the solid electrode or rod shall be prepared for chemical analysis. Solid filer metel, when analyzed for slements that are present in acoating (copper ‘lashing, for example), shall be analyzed without remov- ing the coating. When the filler meal is analyzed for cloments other than those in the coating the coating shall be removed, if its presence affects the results of the analysis forthe other elements, 9.2. Composite stranded or metal cored electrodes shall bonnalyzedinthe formofweldmetal not illermeta, The sample for analysis shall be taken fom weld metal obtained with the electrode and a shielding gas as speci- fied in Tables 2 and 3. The sample may be taken from the weld pad preparedin accordance with 4, from an area of the groove weld as specified in 8.1, or ftom the reduced section of the fractured tension test specimen. Incase of dispute, the weld pad isthe referee method. ‘The lop surface ofthe pad described in 8.4 and shown in Figur 3 shall be removed and discarded. A sample for analysis shall be obtsned from the underlying metal, no closerthan3/Bin. (0.5 min to thesurfaceof thebase metal in Figur 3, by any appropriate mechanical means. The Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 AUS A5~28 93 MM 0764205 OSO2586 bd mm sampleshallbe free of slag. When the sampleis taken from the groove weld or the reduced section ofthe fractured tension test specimen, that material shall be prepared for analysis by any suitable mechanical means. 9.3 Thesample obtainedas specified in9.10r9.2shallbe analyzed by accepted analytical methods. The referee ‘method shallbe ASTME350, Standard Method for Chem= ical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low Alloy Stee, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron and Wrought Iron. 94 ‘Theresultsof the analysisshall meetthe requirements, (of Table 1 for solid electrode or Table 2 for composite electrodes forthe classification of electrode under test, 10. Radiographic Test 10.1 The groove weld described in 83.1 and shown in Figue 1 shal be rediographed to evaluate the soundness of the weld metal. In preparation for radiography, the backing shall be removed and both surfaces ofthe weld shall be machined or ground smooth Both surfaces ofthe test esembly, in the area ofthe weld, shall be smooth enough avoid fficly in interpreting the raograph. 102 The weld shall be rdiographed in accordance wi ASTMEL2, Standard Methodfor Controling Qualtyof Testing. The quality level of inspection 1033 ‘The soundness ofthe weld metal meets the requite- meals ofthis specification if th radiograph shows no cracks, no incomplete fusion, and no rounded indations excess those pemittedby th radiographic standards Figure4 Inevaluatingthe radiograph in (25 mm) of the Weld on each end of tho test ascmbly shall be disregarded ‘A rounded indication is an indieation (onthe radio- raph) whose length is no more than 3 times its with, Rounded indications maybe cirulr, elite conical, ox iregularinshaps, andthey may ave lls, The size of 4 rounded indication isthe largest dimension of the indication, including any til tat may be present. Te indication maybe of porosity or sia, Indieatons whose largest dimension does notexceed1/64in (0mm shall be dlsegarded. Test asemblis with indication larger ‘than the largest indications permitted in the radiographic standards (Figure 4 do not mect the requirements of this specification, 11. Tension Test 11.1 One all-weld-metal tension test specimen shell be ‘machined from the groove weld doscribed in 8.3.1, and shown in Figure 1, as required in Table 5. The dimensions of the specimen shall be as shown in Figure 5.AUS AS-18 93 MM 0784265 0502587 774 0 (A) ASSORTED ROUNDED INDICATIONS SIZE 164 in, (04 me) TO 1/16 In. (1.6 mn) IN DIAMETER OR IN LENGTH. MAXIMUM NUMBER OF INDIGATIONS IN ARY 6 I. (190 mm) OF WELD = 10, WITH THE FOLLOWING RESTRICTIONS: MAXIMUMA NUMBER OF LARGE 2/64 in (1.2 mm) TO 1/16 in. (1.8 mm) IN DIAMETER OR IN LENGTH 2 INDIGATIONS MAXIMUM NUMBER OF MEDIUM 1/82 in, (08 mm) TO 9/64 in, (1.2 mm] IN DIAMETER OF IN LENGTH INDICATIONS MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SMALL 164 in. (044 mm) TO 192 in, (08 mm) IN OIAMETER OR IN LENGTH INDICATIONS » 10, (6) LARGE ROUNDED INDICATIONS. SIZE 2164 in. (1.2 mim) TO 1/160. (18 mm) IN DIAMETER OR IN LENGTH MAXIMUM NUMBER OF INDICATIONS IN/ANY 6 i (150 men) OF WELD ~ 8 {(€) MEDIUM ROUNDED INDICATIONS. SIZE 192 in (0.8 mn) TO 9/64 in (12 mm) IN DIAMETER OR IN LENGTH MAXIMUM NUMBER OF INDIGATIONS IN ANY 6 i (180 mm) OF WELD = 15 (0) SMALL ROUNDED INDICATIONS SIZE 164 in, (04 mm) TO 1/92 in. (08 mm) IN DIAMETER OR IN LENGTH MAXIMUM NUMBER OF INDICATIONS IN ANY 6 in. (150 mm) OF WELD = 90, Notes: {in using these standards, the chart whien is mos representative of he sizeof te rounded indcations presenti the tea specimen radiograph shall ba used for detrmiring conformance to these radiographic stanaares. 2, Since these are tat welds spacial mado inthe laboratory Tor classification purposes, the radograpic ‘eaulraments fr tne ost wets ae mor rgid than those which may be required for ganoral favieaton. Indications whose largest dimension doos nol exceed 164 In. (04 mm) aha be eregerde. ‘These standards are equisent fo tho Grade standards oi ANSUANS AS.1, Spsclcation for Carbon Sta [strode for Sieded Meta! Aro Weting e Figure 4 — Radiographic Acceptance Standards Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS.18 93 MM O784265 0502588 630 mM 1" > (0500 0.010 24 wa 0375 Dimensions of Specimen, mm 2 c 8 min 127402 fa 10 95 Notes: a, Dimensions G and C shall bas shown, butends may bo of any shape tit the testing machine holder a lang az the load is axa ', The diamoter of the specimen within the gage length shal be slighty smaller atthe conte than a tho ends. The ailerence shall not exceed ono porcant of ine diameter. «. When the extensometer is required to delormine ysl strength, dimension C may be Increased. However, the percent ofthe elongation shall bo based on mension G. 4. The surtace fish within the C-dimonsion shall be no rougher than 63 jin. (1.6 um) Figure 5 — Tension Test Specimen 11.1.1 After machining, but before testing, the spect- ‘men may be aged at 200 to 220°F (93 to 104°C) for up to 48 hours, then allowed to cool to room temperature, 11.12 The specimen shall be tested in the manner described in the tension test section of ANSV/AWS B4.0, ‘Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds, 11.13 The results of the all-weld-metal tension test shall meet the requirements specified in Table 3. 11.2 One transverse tension test speclmen shall be ‘machined from the groove weld described in 8.3.2, and shownin Figure 2,as required in Table 5, The dimensions of the specimen shall be as show in Figure 6, 11.21 The specimen shal be tested in the as-welded (unaged) condition in the manner described in the tension test section of ANSVAWS B4.0. 11.2.2 The resulls ofthe transverse tonston test shall meet the requirements specified in Table 3. A test speci. ‘men that fractures inthe base metal shall be considered to have met those requirements, Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 12. Bend Test 12.1 One longitudinal bend test specimen shall be ‘machined from the groove weld test assembly described in 83.2, and shown in Figure 2, as required in Table 5 ‘The dimensions of the specimen shall be as shown in Figure 7. 12.2. Afier machining, but before bending, the specimen may be aged at 200 to 220°F (93 to 104°C) for up to 48 hours, then allowed to coo! to room temperature 123 The specimen shall be tested in the manner de- scribedin the bendtestsectionof ANSVAWSB4,0,onany ofthe standard bend test jigs shown there. The bend radius shall be3/4in, (19 mm). Positioning of the specimen shall ‘be such thatthe bead with the greater surface discontinu- ities, if any, isin tension, 124 After bending, each specimen shall conform tothe 3/4 (19 mm) radius, with appropriate allowance for springback, andthe weld metal shall notcontain openlags ‘nexcess of 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) on the convex sufte.2 AUS AS~48 93 MM O7842b5 0502565 577 Mm ema ~i tre # 118 i R= 2 MIN | bee ‘1 EQUIVALENTS © oF Wet we 16 va 64 2 80 8 200, v2 “38 ®. Wolsuinfotcsment shell be ground or machined smooth and flush withthe aurfacs of he epecimen. Grinding and ‘machining marks shall be paral to the length of the longest dimonsion ofthe specimen, ‘Figure 6 — Transverse Tension Test Specimen. 6 | ‘ConNER RADIUS a6 MAX we G oF WELD at bea ‘SLEQUIVALENTS, Ta 6a vin 38 60 Novos: | All dinensions ar in incnes b Weld inlorcement shall be ground or machined smooth and flush with the suraces ofthe specimen. Grinding ‘and machining mars shal be pala f0 the length of tho longest dimensions of he specimen Figure 7 — Longitudinal Guided Bend Test Specimen Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS-28 93 MM O7N2bS O502590 299 mm 13. Impact Test 134 Five Charpy V-notch impact est specimens (Figure 8) shall be machined from the test assembly shown in Figure 1, for those classifications for which impact testing is required in Table 5. 132 The five specimens shall be tested in accordance withthe impact test section of ANS/AWS B40. The test temperature shall be that specified in Table 4 for the classification under test. 133 In evaluating the test results, the lowest and the highest values obtained shall be disregarded. TWwo ofthe remaining three values shall equal, or exceed, he speci- fied 20 fbf (273) eneray level, One of the three may be lower, but not lower than 15 flbf (201), andthe average cof the three shall be not less than the required 20 ftelbf (273) energy level. 134 For classifications with the “N” (nuclear) designa- tion, three additional specimens shall be prepared. These 3 specimens shallbe tested atroom temperature. Two ofthe three shall equal, or exceed, 75 ftlbf 102), and the third shall notbe lower than 70 flbf (95). The average ofthe three shall equal, or =xceed, 75 felbf (102.J). 14. Diffusible Hydrogen Test 1441 For each electrode to be designated by an optional supplemental diffusible hydrogen designator, the0.045 (2.4 mm) of 1/16 in, (1.6 mm) size, or the size that the ‘manufacturer produces thats closest to one of these sizes ifthe specified sizes are not produced, shall be tested ac- ‘cording 1 one ofthe methods given in ANSYAWS Ad.3, ‘Standard Methods for Determination of the Diffasible Hydrogen Content of Mar’=asitic, Bainitie, and Ferric ‘Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding. The optional supplemental diffusible hydrogen esignstormay be added tothe classification according tothe average test value as #2168 *9 69 — > ce : e S [ osetia = os fe oaae in aati, ar “0001 0.028" an aes eee oe 8 — = ‘tte notched surface and tho surface tobe tuck shal bo paral witin 0.002 n, (205 mm) an have at east, €3ixin (18 um) frig. Tho lhor two surtaces shall bo square withthe notched or src surface within a. bmi tha Soars tn hav ana 2 (2 um} ih he noth shall be smoothly ut by mechanical moans end shall be square with the loncitudna edge of ‘pecinn wiin ana dsr i" . se ote 3, Tho goomoty ofthe notch shal be measured ona ast one speciman in a ot of five specimens. Measurement hal bo cone a minimum 6 mee magnifeston on either shedowaraph ora metallograph {re cre onton a tert sa bo vata ysching fore oar machina specimen des not beak upon being suc, tevauetor energy sheorbed shal ba reported asthe capacity of the impact testing machine flowed by aps ign ( wee may Figure 8 — Charpy V-Notch Impact Test Specimen Cony bythe Artian Welln Sock he “Thu Blow 05-15:51:26 1988 " *” ‘compared tothe requirements of Table 7. Ifthe actual test results for an electrode meet the requirements for the lower orlowest hydrogen designator as specifiedin Table 7,the electrode also meets the requirements forall higher hhydrogen designators in Table 7” without the need for retest 142 Testing shall be done without rebaking or otherwise ‘conditioning the electrode, unless the manufacturer ree- ‘ommends otherwise. Ifthe electrode isrebaked, that fact, along withthe method used for rebaking, shall benotedon the test report. 143 Forpurposesofcertifyingcompliance with optional «diffusible hydrogen requirements, the reference atmo- spheric condition shall be an absolute humidity of 10 ‘rains of water vapor per pound (1.43 g/kg) of dry ait at the time of welding. The actual atmospheric conditions shall be reported, along with the average value forthe test, sccording to ANSVAWS A43$ 144 When tho absolute humidity equals ar exceeds the reference condition at the time of preparation ofthe test assembly, the test shall be acceptable as demonstrating ‘compliance with the requirements of this specification, provided the actual test results satisfy the diffusible hydrogen roquirements for th applicsble optional supple- mental designator. PartC Manufacture, Identification, and Packaging 15. Method of Manufacture ‘The electrodes and rods clasified according to this specification may be manufactured by any method that will produce electrodes and rods that meet the requi ‘nis of tis specification. 16. Standard Sizes Standard sizes for electrodes and rods inthe different package forms (straight lengths, coils with support, coils without support, drums and spools — see Section 18, Standard Package Forms) ate as shown in Table 8, 17. Finish and Uniformity 71 All electrodes and rods shall have a smooth finish Which is free from slivers, depressions, seratches, scale, seams laps (exclusive of the longitudinal jointincompos- 5. See AB2 (inthe Annex), Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 AWS AS.28 93 MM 0784265 0502593 125 me Table 7 Optional Diffusible Hydrogen Requirements? Optional “Average Supplementat Ditfusble Ditfsible Hydrogen, Aws Hydogen Maximum Classification Designator> — (mi/100g Depeaited Metal aul m6 160 all HB 80 ‘ll 4 40 1 SeeNat cto Table 5. 3 Ts esgntr added oh ead te complet eed cae cation designation Some casas may eacmeeths lower average fib yo ta levels (8 and). ite meta cored electrodes), and foreign matte that would adversely affect the welding characteristics, the operation of the welding equipment, or the properties of the weld metal. 172 Each continuous length of filler metal shall be from a single heat or lot of material, and welds, when present, shall have been made so as not to interfere with the uniform, uninterrupted feeding of the filler metal on automatic and semiautomatic equipment. 173 The componentsin composite electrodes (including the core ingredients in metal cored electrodes) shall be listributed with sufficient uniformity throughoutthe length of the electrode so as not to adversely affect the perform- ‘ance of the electrode or the properties of the weld meta. Y74 Asuitable protective coating may be applied to any filler meal inthis specification. Copper may bo used asa coating for any classification excep one that eatles the suffix "N° (nuclear) ints designation. 18. Standard Package Forms 18.1 Standard package forms are straight lengths, colls ‘with support, coils without support, spools, and drums. ‘Standard package dimensions and weights foreach form are given in Table 9. Package forms, sizes, and weights other than these shail be as agreed between purchaser and supplier 18.2 Thelinersincoils with supportshallbedesignedand constructed to prevent distortion ofthe coll during normal handling and use and shall be clean and dry enough to maintain the clesnliness of the filler metal,AUS AS-18 93 MM 0784265 0502592 Ob) mw 6 Table 8 Standard Sizes* Standard Package Form Diameter Tolerance ( Solid ia 0001 020.0020. we 16 0002 Os 0020s 5164 20 0.002 00s 0.003008. ‘Straight Lengths? 3182 24 0.002 00s 0.003 0.08. V8 32 0002 00s 0.00308. S82 40 0.002 00s 003008. ane 43 002 00s 0.003008. 08 oo =a. 09 oor = 020.0020 ad ool = 020.0020 13 oo = 00S. Coils With and Without Support 16. 16 0.002 00s 0.02.05 5166 20 0.002 00S 0.008 (0.08 3182 24 0002 00s 0.003008. 164 28 002 00s 0.003008. U8 32 0.002 0.08 0.035 09 oor = 002 0.002 0.045 A oo = 0.020.002. e@ 0.052 13 0002 005.0020 as 0.062 16 0.002 00s 0.00205, aad 5164 oo7s 20 0.002 005 0.003 0.08. 3132 0.094 24 0.002 0050.03.08. 168 0.109 28 0.002 00S 0.00308. U8 0.125 32 002 005 0.003008. 0.20 os oo = 020.002 00025 06 oor = 002.0025 0.030 08 0001 = 0.020.002. 0.035 09 oor = 002.002, 0.045 11 ooo = 0.02 0.002005 Spools 082 13 0002 00S = 0.002 0.0s 6 0,062 16 0002 00s 0.002 s 5164 0.078 20 0002 = 0050003008 3182 0.094 24 0.002 0.050.003 0.08 164 0.09 28 oo 0050003008 Notes: 2 Dimenson, ste, tolerance od package fons ote thn those showa sal be as aguedby purchase ae supa. 1. Leap sald 36 in 212 In pproxinately $09 m= 15 ma), Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS.48 93 MM 0784265 0502593 TTS a 16 Table 9 Packaging Requlrements* Package Size [Net Weight of Electrode ‘Type of Package in, mm » kg. (approx) Coils without Support sd by purchaser? ‘As specified by purchasert Coils with Support D 170 4 64 (Gee below) D 300 25,30, 50,60, and 65 U1, 14, 28,27, and 20, 4 oD 100 1-172. and 2412 07 and 1.1 a 0D 200 10,12, and 15: 45,55, 2nd 68 2 oD 300 25, 30,35, and 44 11,16, 16,and 20 Spools “4 op 360 ‘50nd 60 23 ond 27 2 op 360 250 10 24 op 10 300 440 30 op 760 £600,750, and 1000 270,340, and 454 1s op 400 ‘As specified by purchaser* Drums 20 op 300 ‘As specified by purchaser 2 op 600 300 and 600 140 and 270 36 long 30nd 50 45and227 (Coils with Support — Standard Dimension and Weight, Cail Dimensions (Coll Net Weight Inside Diameter of Liner ‘With of Wound Electrode Electrode Size » ke (opprox.) in, mm in max am, max 4 6 634s 17023 3 8 all 25 and 30 Mend 14 Re 30523 Dayror4sy8 — 650r 120 50,60,and65—23,2%,and30 12 18 3os3 458 129 ows: =. Sites and ot weights ter ha hse specified may be spied as greed between supe and pcs 1 Teerance on et weg tal be 20 pert , Aspeed botwoen split purest 183 Spools shall be designed and constructed to prevent distortion ofthe filler metal during normal handling and use and shall be clean end dry enough to maintain the cleanliness ofthe filler metal, Standard spools are shown in Figures 9A, 9B, and 9C. 19. Winding Requirements 191 Electrodes on spools and in coils (including drums tnd reels) shall be wound so that kinks, waves, sharp ‘bends, overlapping or wedgingare not encountered, leav= {ng tho filler metal free to unwind without restriction. The outside endof the filler metal (he end with which welding, Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 4s to begin) shall be identified so itcan be readily located and shall be fastened to avoid unwinding. 19.2 The cast and helix of electrode in coils, spools, and drums, shall be such thatthe electrode will feed in an ‘uninterrupted manner in automatic and semiautomatic equipment. 19.3 The cast and helix of solid filler metal on 4 in, (200 mma) spools shall bo such that # specimen long enough to produce a single oop, wien cut from the spool and laid unrestrained on a flat surface, will (1) Forma circle not less than 4in. (100 mm) nor more than 9 in, (230 mm) in diameter (2) Rise above the flat surface no more than 1/2 in. (3mm) at any locationAUS A528 93 MM O78U25 502594 934 mm ” oe aa poses] 0.680 + 0005, -0 in. — ‘in. MAX, <<} ‘SIEQUIVALENTS eaaraa SECTION AA, oad 008 019 a) cos 16 3448 4102 Notes: 4. Dimoneion 8, outside diameter of bare, chal bo euch a6 to pormit proper feeding ofthe for mata 2 Dimansion C nei damotor of barra, shal bo suoh tat the Barolo misalignment of to bara and flanges wil ‘ot result in the inside clameter of the bare being leas than the inside lamer of he flanges @ Figure 9A — Standard Spools — Dimensions of 4 in, Spools ° 1 EQUIVALENTS a ate Te oe fi a AA me 16 4 mw - - + va pve 8 pen 65 be ‘4100 ‘THESE HOLES ae) NEED NOT BE a 2 30 alee INLINE oor 4380 to Note: Bimension 8, ousise ameter of bare shall be euch as 1 petmit proper feeding ofthe filer metals. Dimensions ‘Spool Siz, Gain, D, maximum, 8 282+ 192 8 2 45116 2 8 “ crs “ Figure 9B — Standard Spools — Dimensions of 8, 12, and 14 In. Spools Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 19988 30 Novos: All dimensions ar in inches. 194 ‘Tho cast and helix of solid filler metal on all other package forms shall be such that a specimen long enough {o produce a single loop, when cut from the package and laid unvestrained on a flat surface, will (2) Form a circle not less than 12 i (305 mam) for 0.030 in. (0.8mm) andsmaller sizes; ornotless than 15 in, (380 mm) for 0.035 in, (0.9 mm) and larger sizes (@) Rise above the flat surface no more than 1 in, (25 ram) at any Tocation Certain bulk packages may contain wire that has been clastically twisted or otherwise treated to provide straight wite feed. Wire from these packages will not form acircle rane Yo on 2HOLESIN LINE AUS AS-38 93 MM 0784265 0502595 870 Mm § @ eine (see TABLE) 8 (GEE NOTE 2) eee SECTION AA, EQUIVALENTS ‘ane *9 in. mm 1716 19g DIA, OFILL, ao 2 HOLES IN LINE nee 2 PLACES eles Wie re 2263 2 305 sai 346 2 560 24 610 20 _ Dimensions 2. Dimension 8 ouside dameter of bara, eal bo such as to penit proper feeding ofthe electrode, Figure 9C — Standard Spools — Dimensions of 22, 24, and 30 in. Spools ‘when cut Traditional cast and helix measurements may ‘have no relevance. Wire thus trested shall conform only tothe winding requirementsof 19.1 and 19.2. Any method ff wire form inspection shall be as agreed between purchaser and supplier. 20. Filler Metal Identification 20.1 The product information and the precautionary in- {ormation required in Section 22 for marking each pack age shall also appear on each coil, spool, and drum. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998AUS AS-18 93 MM 0764265 OSU2594 707 mm 20.2 Coilswithoutsupportshall havea agcontaining this information securely attached to the filler metal at the ide end ofthe col. 203 Coils with support shall have the information se- curely affixed ina prominent location on the support. 20.4 Spoolsshall havethe information securely affixedin ‘prominent location on the outside ofa least one flange ofthe spocl. 20.5 Drumsshallhave the information securely affixedin 4 prominent location on the side of the drum, 21. Packaging Filler metal shallbemuitably packagedtoensuresgsinst damage during shipment and storage under normal conditions, 22, Marking of Packages 2,1 The following product information (asa minimum) shall be legibly markedsoastobe visible from the outside of each unit package: + AWS specification (year of issue may be excluded) ‘and AWS classification numbers, along with any optional supplemental designators if applicable + Supplicr's name and trade designation + Size and net weight + Lot, control, or heat number Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 0 22.2. The following precautionary information (asa min- ‘mum) shall be prominently displayed in legible print on all packages of electrodes and 10ds, including individual, unit packages enclosed within a larger package. WARNING Protect yourself and others Read and understand this information, FUMES AND GASES can be dangerous to your health, ARC RAYS can ijure eyes and burn skin, ELECTRIC SHOCK can kil. + Before use, read and understand the manufscturr's instructions, Material Sefety Data Sheets (MSDS), and your employer's safety prectices + Keep your head out ofthe fumes. + Use enough ventilation, exhaust atthe arc, orboth, to ‘eepfumesand gases away from your bresthingzone and the general area. + Wear correct eye, esr, and body protection, + Do not touch lve elctial pars, + See American National Standard Z49.1, Safety in Welding and Cuting, published by the’ Azsctcan ‘Welding Society, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Ford 33135; OSHA Safety and Health Standards, 29 CFR 1910, availabe from the U.S, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, DO NOT REMOVE THIS INFORMATIONAUS AS-18 93 MM O784265 0502597 La Annex Guide to AWS Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding (This Annexis nota partof ANS/AWS AS.18-93, Specification for Carbon Stel Elecirodesand Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding, but is included for information only.) AL. Introduction ‘The purpose of this guide isto corelat the electrode and rod classifications with teir intended applications so the specification can be used effectively. Reference to appropriate base metal specifications is made whenever that can be done and when it would be helpful. Such references are intended only as examples rather than ‘complete listings of the materials for which each filler metal is suitable, ‘A2, Classification System ‘A2.1. Tho systom for identifying the electrode classifica- tionsinthisspecification follows the standard pattern used in other AWS filler metal specifications as shown in Figure Al, ‘A22 ‘The prefix “B” designates an clectrode as in other specifications. The letters “ER” indicate that the filler metal may be used either as an electrode or @ rod. The ‘number 70ndicatesthe required minimum tensile strength as. multiple of 1000 psi (6.9 MPa) of the weld meta in ‘test weld made using the electrode in accordance with the welding conditions in the specification, The leter“S" Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 a designates a solid electrode or rod. The liter “C" dosig- nates a composite electrode. The digit following. the hyphen, 2, 3,4, 5, 6,7, Gof GS, indicates the chemical composition of the filler metal iscf, in the case of slid electrodes and rods, orth impact testing temperature of the weld metal undoreatain test conditions, inthe case of the both solid and composite stranded and meal cored electrodes. Inthe ease of some composite stranded and metal cored electrodes, the Lotter ™M" or "C” will follow, {ndeating the type of shielding gas. The addition ofthe letter *N” asa sufixtoaclassifica- tion indicates thatthe electrode isimendedforcertainvery special welds in auclear applications. These welds are found inthe core belt region ofthe reactor vessel. This region is subject to intense neutron radiation, and itis necessary, therefore, tat the phosphorus, vanadium snd copper contents ofthe weld metal be linited in ord to resist neutron redition-induced embritlement. Is also nevessry thatthe weldmetal has ahigh upper shelfenergy level inorder to withstand some embritlement, yet re- main servcsabl over the years. ‘Anoptional supplemental difusiblehydrogen designa- tor (H16, H8, or H4) may follow, indicating whether the lectrode will meet a maximum hydrogen level of 16,8, or 4 ml/100g of weld metal when tested as outlined in ANSTAWS A43.AWS AS.48 93 MM O7842b5 0502598 SBT mm Indicates use as ether an elactrade oF rod (ER), or use only as an elactrode (€), Indicates, in 1,000 pt (6. MPa) ineromonts the minimum tenlo strength ofthe wald metal produced by the electrode when tested acoordng fo ni epectcation. In this caso, 70 Indicates 70,000 ps. [mint tr th hr a sola (8) or compecite (C) ER 0S — XN HZ —(orsoli wir) EC —XYN HZ (lorcomposite wire) Lona supplement! dtu hydrogen desgator (0 Table 7) The "N" is used only when footnote b to Tablet applioe. (Gee Annox A2.2 for expanation) Indioates te type of shlelaing ga uted for classilaton of compost olectrodes, Carbon dioxide thielging le indleated by °C and 76-60% Aebelance CO, Is indcated by "M. Indicate the chemies! composition ofa sold electrode of 1 chemical composition of the weld mot produced by a composite electrode. The use of the "GS" sul designates filor metals Intended for Singl-pass appliations only Figure Al — Classification System A23 4G Classification A2.3.1 This specification includes filler metals class fied as ER70S-G, B70C-G, and E70C-GS. The “G” (mul- tiple pass) or “GS” (single pass) indicates thatthe filer etal is ofa “general” classification, Itis general because not al of the particular requirements specified foreach of| the other classifications aro specified for this classifiea- tion, The intent fn establishing these classifications isto provide a means by which filler metals that differ in one respect or another (chemical composition, for example) from all other classifications (meaning thatthe composi- Non ofthe filler metal, in the case ofthe example, does not meat the composition specified for any of the clasifica- tions in the specification) can stl be classified according tothe specification. The purpose ito allow a useful filler otal —one thatotherwise would have toswaitarevision ofthe specification —to be classified immediately under the existing specification. This means, then thattwo filler metals, each bearing the same “G” classification, may be quite different in some particular respect (chemical com- position, again, for example). A232 Thepoint of difference (although notnecessar= ily the amount ofthe difference) referred to above will be readily apparent from the use ofthe words “not required” ‘and “not specified” inthe specification. The use ofthese words is as follows: “Not Specified” is used in those areas ofthe specifica- tion that rofer to the results of some particular test, It indicate thatthe requirements for that test are not spec- {Yied for that paticula classification, “Not Required” is used in those arcas ofthe specifica tion tha refer to the tests that must be conducted in order Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 1 classify a filler motal, It indicates that the testis not ‘required because the requirements (results) for the test Ihave not been specified for that particulr classification. Restating thocase, when arequirementisnot specified, it is not necessary to conduct tho corresponding test in ‘order to classify a filler metal to that classification. When. ‘purchaser wants the information provided by that test in ‘order to consider a particular product ofthat classification. foracertain application, they wil have to azrange for that {information with the supplier of the product, They will have to establish with that supplier just what the testing. procedure and the acceptance requirements are to be, for that tet, They may want to incorporate that information (via ANSVAWS AS.01) into the purchase order. 23.3 Request for Filler Metal Classification A23.3.1. When a filler metal cannot be classified according to some classification other than a “G"” clas fication, the manufacturer may request theta classifica- tion be established for that filler metal. They may do this by following the procedure given here. When the manu- facturer elecs to use the “G” classification, the Filler ‘Metal Committee recommends that they still request that ‘aclassfication be established for that filler metal, as long a the filler metal is of commercial significance. A233.2 A request to establish a new filler metal ‘classification must be a witten request and it needs to provide sufficient detail to permit the Fler Metal Com- ‘mittee or the subcommittee to determine whether a new classification orthe modification of an existing classifica n is more appropriate, and whether either is necessary tosatisfy theneed, Therequest needs tostate the variablesand their limits, for such a classification or modification. ‘The request should contain som which compl tion is needed, A2.3.33 The request should be sent tothe Secro- tary ofthe Filler Metal Committee at AWS Headquarters Upon receipt of the request, the Secretary will (1) Assign an identifying number to the request. This ‘number shall include the date the request was received, @) Confirm receipt ofthe request and give the identi- fication number to the person who made the request. ) Send a copy of the request to the chairman of the Filler Metal Committee and the chairman ofthe particular subcommittee involved. (@) File the original request. (5) Add the request tothe log of outstanding requests. A23,34 Allnecessaty action on each request will be completed as soon as possible Ifmore than 12 months lapse the secretary hall inform the requestor of thestatus ofthe request, with copies tothe chairman ofthe comm teeand the subcommittee. Requestsstill outstanding ater 18 months shall be considered not to have been answered ina “timely manner” and the secretary shall roport these to the chaitman of the Filler Metal Committoe for the chaitman’s action, A233. The secretary shall include a copy of the log ofall requests pending and those completed during the preceding year with the agenda for each Fillor Metal Commitee meeting, Any other pul of requests that have been completed will be at the option of the American Welding Society, as deemed appropriate, A3. Acceptance Acceptance ofall welding materials clasified under thisspecitictionis inaccordance with ANSYAWSAS.01, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines, asthespecification states. Any esting a purchaser requiresof the supplies, for rateial shipped in accordance with this specification, shall be clearly stated inthe purchase order, according to the provisions of ANSVAWS ASI. Intheabsenceofany such statement in the purchase order, the supplier may ship the material with whatover testing is normally com ducted on material of that classification, es specified in Schedule F, Table 1, of ANSUAWS A501. Testing in sccordance with anyother schedule in that ble must be specifically required by the purchase order. Insuchease, acceptance ofthe material shipped willbe in accordance with those requirements. Ad. Certification Ad.L The act of placing the AWS specification and ‘classification designations on the packaging enclosing the Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 AUS AS-18 93 MM O7642b5 0502599 Wat om product, or the classification onthe product isl, con {utesthe suppliers (manufictuer’s) certification tha the product meets alloftherequremens ofthe speciation. ‘The only testing requirement implicit in the cetifcae tion thatthe manufécrorer has actually conducted the tests required by the specification on material that is representative of that being shipped, and that the material met the requirements of the specification. Representative material, in this case, is any production run of that clasificationusing the same formulation “Crtfiation” isnot tobe construed to mean tat ess of any Kind were necessarily conducted on samples ofthe speificmaterial shipped. Tests onsuch material may or may nothavebeen made, The basis forthe caiication required by the specication isthe elasifiaton tet of “representative tater cited above, andthe “Manufacturer's Quality ‘Assurance System” in ANSVAWS ASO1. ‘AA2 (Optional) At the option and expense ofthe pur chaser, acceptance may be based on the results of any or allof the tests required by this specification made onthe GTAW test assembly described ia Figure A2, vith the tension specimen as desribed in Figure A3 (and the impact specimen dsecbedin Figure 8). Composite elec- trodes are normally not recommended for GTAW or PAW. AS. Ventilation During Welding ‘AS.L Five major factors govern the quantity of fumes in the atmosphere to which welders and welding operators are exposed during welding: (1) Dimensions ofthe space in which welding is done (with special regard tothe height ofthe evling) (@) Numberof welders and welding operators working. In that space @) Rate of evolution of fumes, gases, or dust, accord- ing tothe materials and processes used (4) The proximity ofthe welders or welding operators ‘othe fumesas thefumes issue from the welding zone and to the gases and dusts in the space in which they are working (8) The ventilation provided tothe space in which the welding is done A52 American National Standard749.1, Safety in Wel ing and Cutting (published by the American Weldi Society), discusses the ventilation that is required during ‘welding and should be referred to for details. Attention Is. ‘drawn particularly tothe section entitled “Ventilation.” AG. Welding Considerations ‘AGA Gas metal arc welding can be divided into three categories based on the mode of metal transfer. TheseAUS A5~48 93 MM 0784265 0502600 TES mm nr |) —— 10 MN, al bY a] perm ve tenets —| 7 ~ | pont oF TeMPeSATURE MEAGURENENT | 5 MN Any me ! | i “ ZA +t coats than L} oPieser Le 5MIN 77a ‘enor CALL WELO-METAL Spechtens “TENBION SPECIMEN ay sn (0) TEST PLATE SHOWING LOCATION OF TEST SPECIMENS EQUIVALENTS weg weio @ } oe SECTION AA ‘SECTION BB 40 250, (©) onenrarion oF (©) tocarion oF Toner SPecmmEN ‘SNeceraL TENSION SPECMEN Test conto _ atancra se 2 (24) Ven @2 mm Shielding Gas Argon gon Tel Seed {06 nin (2171025 mane) 4106 n/m (017 10028 mvc) Nominal ar Vonage tery eioev Nominal Guert,DCEN 0102004 2010204 cen = cctoge neotve) PreetTomporture 26°F (198°C) min 215% (0540) min tengas Teeraice {25°F (1646) ne Notes: {2 All dimensions (exckuding angles) ara in inches. Prior to welding, the assembly may bo preset as shown so tha he weed joint {oat specimen romoval. Asan alta, restalt or a combination of restraint and pr «. Isle other than those shown above ae used, nominal current end ar vllage shall be changed as needed, Figure A2 — Optional GTAW Groove Weld Test Assembly @ for Mechanical Properties and Soundness Cony bythe Artian Welln Sock he “Thu Blow 05-15:51:26 1988 " *AUS AS~18 93 MM 0784265 USO260) 974 mm NATIONAL STANDARD: t (COARSE THREAD — | See as aoe PT | @ ence teNor'y —— | i RY TTI : i C7 iT wm ts scence Dimensions of Specimen, in D @ 11400 # 0.008 0.360 + 0007 Notes: min, 134 42. 025 €. Dimensions G and G shall bas shown, but ends may be of any shape tothe testing machine holders ong as the loa Ie ox ', The alameter ofthe specimen within the gage length shal be slighty smaller atthe center than a he ends. The ifeance shall not excoed one percent of the diame. ‘When the extensometer is required to celermine yield strength, dimension © may be increased. However, the poresnt ofthe elongation shall be based on dimension G. «6, The surace finish within te C simengion shall bo no rougher than 84 ln, (1.8 Figure A3— Optional Tension Test Specimen for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ‘modes re (1) spray (conventional orpulsed),(2) lobular, ‘and 3) short cireuting transfer. Inthe pray, pulsedspray, and globular modes, transfer occurs as distinct droplets, that are detached from the electrode, transferring along, the are column into the weld pool. Inthe shor circuiting ‘mode, the metal i deposited during frequent short circuit- ing ofthe electrode in the molten pool, AG2 Spray Transfer ‘A6.2.1 The spray transfer mode, for carbon steel, is ‘most commonly obtained with argon shilding gas mix- tures with up o 5% of oxygen or 15% carbon dioxide. A characteristic of this shielding gas is the smooth arc plasma through which hundreds of very fine droplets are transferred tothe weld pool each second. A622 Spray transfer with argon-oxygen or argon- carbon dioxide shielding gas is, primarily, a function of polarity, and resistance heating of tho current densi Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 clectrode. The high droplet rate (approximately 250 drop- letspersecond) developssudéenly aboveacritcalcurent level, commonly refered to asthe transition current (or ‘ach sizeof electrode) Below this corent,the metal is transferred in drops generally larger in diameter than the electrode and at a rte of from 10 to 20 per second (lobular transfer), The transition curtent is also depen- ent, o some extent, on the chemical composition of the lectrode, For 1/16 in (1.6 mm) diameter carbon steel electrodes, a transition eurent of 270 amperes (direct current, electrode postive [dcep]) is common, Alterat- {ng curtent isnot recommended for this type of welding because it doesnot produce a stable are, A623 Pulsed Spray. Meta transfer in pulsed spray ‘welding is similar to that of the spray transfer described above, but it occurs at lower average current. The lower average current is made possible by rapid pulsing of the ‘welding current between a high level, where metal willAUS A5.18 93 MM O784265 O502b02 830 mm transfer rapidly inthe spray mode, nda ow level, where no transfer wil tke place, Ata ypeal ate of 600 120 pulses per second, a melted dop is formed bythe low current arc, which is then “squeezed off” by the high cutreatplse, This permits al-posiion welding. AG3 Globular Transfer. The mode of transfer that characterizes 100% CO, as a shielding gas is globular. ‘Common practice with globular transfer is to se low are voltage to minimize spatter. This buries the arc sand produces deep penetration. Electrodes of 0.045 and {VAG in (1.1 and 1.6 mm) diameter normaly are used at ‘welding currents in the range of 275 to 400 amperes (ep), for this type of transfer. The ate at which droplets (globules) sre transferred ranges from20 0 70 persecond, ‘depending on the size of the electrode, the amperage, polarity, and are voltage. AGA Short Clrcuiting Transfer. This mode of transfer is obtained with small diameter electrodes (0.030 to 0.045 ia, (0.8 to 1.1 mm) using low are voltages end amperages, anda power source designed forshorcireuit- ing transfer. The electrode short-circuits to the weld metal, usually ata rate of from $0to200 times persecond, ‘Metal is transferred with cach short circuit, but not across the are, Short cireuting gas metal are welding of earbon see! is done most commonly with mixtures of argon end (©0, as the shielding gas or with CO, alone. The penetra- ton of such weldsis greater with CO, than tis with argon- (CO, mixtures. Mixtures of $0 to 80% argon (remainder ‘CO, jean be advantageous for thin material. They provide low penetration, higher short circuiting rates, and lower ‘minizqum currents and voltages than CO, alone does. This. ‘can be an advantage in welding thin plate. A7. Description and Intended Use of Electrodes and Rods ATA ERI0S-2, Blectrodes and rods of the ER70S-2 ‘classification are primarily used for single-pass welding ‘of killed, somi-Killed, and rimmed steels, but may be used for some multipass applications. Because of the added deoxidants, these filler metals can be used for welding steels that have a rusty or disty surface, witha possible sacrifice of weld quality depending on the condition of the surface, Typical specifications for these steels are ASTM A36, A285-C, AS15-55 and AS16-70, which have ‘UNS numbors K02600, K02801, KO2001, and KOZ700, respectively. AT2 ERI0S-3, Electrodes and rods of the ER70S-3, ‘classification are intended for welding single-pass and rtulti-pass wolds, Typical base metal specifications are ‘often the same as those for the ER70S-2 classification. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 AT3 ERT0S-4, Electrodes and rods of the ER70S-4 ‘classification are intended for welding steel where cond tions require more deoxidation than is provided by the ER70S-3 filler metal. Typical base metal specifications are oftenthe same as those for the ER70S-2 classification. ‘This classification does not require impact testing. ATA ERT0S-S, Electrodes and rods of the ER70S-5 classification aro intended for welding steel with CO, shielding and high welding currents. They canbe used for stoels with a slightly rusty surface, with perhaps some sacrifice of weld quality, depending on the condition of thesurface. Typicalbase metal specificationsarcoftenthe ‘samo as those for the ER70S-2 classification, This clasi- ficetion does not require impact testing, ATS ERT08-6, Blectrodes and rods of the ER70S-6 classification are intended for both single- and multple- pass welding, They are especially suited for sheet metal applications, whore smooth weld beads are desired, and structural and plate steels that have moderate amounts of rust of mill scale. These electrodes withstand high cur- rents with CO, shielding, even when welding rimmed steels. Typical base metal specifications are often the same as those for the ER70S-2 classification. ATG ERT0S-1, Electrodes and rods of the ER70S-7 classification are intended for single~ and multiple-pass welding. They may permit welding with higher travel speeds compared with ER70S-3 filler metals, They also provide somewhatbetter wetting action and bead appear- ance when compared with those filler metals. Typical base etal specifications are often the same as those for the ERT0S-2 classifications. ATT ERTOS-Gand E70C-G. Electrodesandrodsofthe ER70S-Gandelectrodesofthe E70C-G classifications are those filler metals not included in the preceding classes and for which only certain mechanical property require- ‘ments aro specified, The electrodes are intended for both single- and multiple-pass applications. The filler metal supplir should be consulted for the composition, proper ties, characteristics, and intended use of these classifiea- tions (see 2.3 for further information), AT ETOC-GS. Electrodes ofthe B70C-GS classifica. tion are composite stranded or metal cored electrodes intended for ony single-pass applications. The electrodes. -nay be clasified with either CO, of 75-80% Arfbalance CO, as shown by the “C" or "M” suffix. Absence of the C ‘or M suflix means thatthe slelding gas is not specified. ‘The filler metal supplier should be consulted for the propertios, characteristics, and intended use of these classifications. These electrodes may have higher alloy contents which improve single pass applications (such as tolerance to mill scale, etc.) but could preclude their use ‘on multiple-passapplicationsduetohigheralloy recovery.AUS AS.28 93 MM O784265 0502603 777 mm ATS. EWC and E70C-6. Electrodes of the B70C-3 ‘and E70C-6 classifications are composite stranded oF metal cored electrodes intended for both single- and ‘multiple-pass applications, They are characterized by a spray are and excellent bead wash characteristics. The electrodes may be classified with either CO, or 75-80% Arfbalance CO, as shown by the “C” or *Mf" suffix. (Classification E70C-3 requires impacts at O°F (-18°C) ‘while E70C-6 requires impacts at -20°F (-29°C). A8. Special Tests ASL It is recognized that supplementary tests may be required to determine the suitability of these filer metals. for certain applications involving properties not consid- cred inthis specification. In such cases, addtional tests to determine specific properties of the weld meta, such as. hardness, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties at higher of lower service temperatures, may be require. ‘Those tests may be conducted as agreed between supplicr and purchaser. ANSI/AWS AS.01 contains provisions for ordering such tests, ‘A82 Diffusible Hydrogen. Solid, composite stranded, and composite metal cored GMAW electrodes aro gener- ally considered to be low-hydrogen consumables. When joining carbon steals containing 0:30% or less carbon (Guch as thse sted in Table 6), hydrogen assisted crack- ing is unlikely tobe of concern with tho electrodes ofthis specification. However, itis also likely that these elec- trodes will so sorvice in joining carbon eel to low alloy, high-strength stelsin which weld metal or hest-affected zone cracking associated with diffusible hydrogen tends tobecome more ofa problem with increasing weld metal strength, increasing heat-affected zone hardness, increas ing diffusible hydrogen content, decreasing preheat and {nterpass temperature, and decreasing time ator above the interpass temperature during and after welding. This ‘racking is usually delayed some hours afer cooling. It ‘may appear astransverse weld eracks, longitudinal racks (specially in root beads), and toe orunderbead eracks in the heat-affected zone. Since the available diffusible hydrogen level strongly {nfluencesthe tendency towardshydrogen-assistederack- ‘ng itmsy be desirable tomeasure the diffusiblehydrogen content resulting fromaparticlareletrode. Accordingly, {hese of optional supplemental designators for diffusible hhyérogen is introduced to indicat the maximum average value obtained under a clearly defined test condition ANSU/AWS A4.3, Standard Methods for Determination oftheDiffsible Hydrogen Contentof Martenstc, Bani, and Ferrtic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding. Electrodes that are designated as meeting the lower or Jowest hydrogen limits as specified in Table, are also understood to meet any higher electrode hydrogen limits, Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 2 ‘even though these are not necessarily designated along withthe eleetrode classification. Therefor, for example an electtode designated as “H4” also meets the “HB” and “E116” requirements without being designated as such. ‘The user of this information is cautioned that actual fabrication conditions may result indifferent diffusible hydrogen values than those indicated by the designator. ‘The use of a reference atmospheric condition during ‘weldingisnecessary because the arcisalwaysimperfectly shielded. Moisture from the ar, distinct from that in the lecirode or gas, can enter the are and subsequently the ‘weld pool, contributing tothe resulting observed diffus- ‘ble hyérogen. Ths fect can be minimized by maintain {ng a suitablo gus flow rate and as short an arc length as, possible consistent witha steady arc, A times, some ai will mix with the gas and add its moisture tothe other sources of diffusible hydrogen. It is possible for this extra 4iffusiblehydrogen to significantly affect the outcome of adiffusiblohydrogen est. Forthisteason,itisappropriate to specify reference atmospheric condition. The refer- ence atmospheric condition of 10 grains of moisture per pound (1.43 grams per kilogram) of dry air is equivalent to 10% relative humidity at 70°F (21°C) at 29.92 in, Hg (760 mmm) barometric pressure. Actual conditions, mea- sured using a calibrated psychrometer, that equal or exceed thisreference condition provide assurance thatthe conditions during welding will not diminish the final results of the test A9. Discontinued Classifications ‘The following classifications have been discontinued over the life of this specification: Discontinued Last Discontinued Last Glassification Published Classification Published E.60S-1 1965 E70S-1 1969 E.608-2 1965 E70S-1B> 1969 E.608-3 1965 E70s2 © 1969 E-70r-1 1965 70S 1969, E7012 1965 70S 1969 E-70T-# 1965 708-5" 1969 E7014 1965 708-6 1969 E-70T-S! 1965 E70S.G' 1969 E0T-G 1965 E70U-1 1969 Notes: ‘These flux-cored electrode clasifcations were transferred to AWS AS20-69 and continue to be included in the revisions to that specification. b, This electrode clessfication was transferred to the new AWSAS 28specification where itiscassiedasEREDS-D2, . These electrode classifications were changed tothe new lassiffestion ER70S-X and remain nthe cuntentrevisionof the specification as suchAUS AS+38 93 MM O7842E5 0502604 LO3 mm A10. Safety Information A101 BurnProtection, Moltenmetal, sparks, slag, and hhot work surfaces are produced by welding, cutting, and allied processes. These can cause burns if precautionary ‘measures are not used. Workers should wear protective clothing made of fire-resistant material. Pant cuffs, open pockets, or other places on clothing that can catch and retain molten metal or sparks should not be worn, High top shoes of leather loggings and fire-resistant gloves should be worn Pant legs should be worn over the outside of high-top shoes. Helmets or hand shields that provide protection forthe face, neck, and ears,andahhead covering toprotectthehead shouldbe used. Inaddition, appropriate eye protection should be used. ‘When welding overhead or in confined spaces, ear plugs to prevent weld spatter from entering the ear canal shouldbe worn in combination with goggles or equivalent togiveaddedeye protection. Clothingshould be kept free of grease and oil. Combustible materials should not be ‘carried in pockets. any combustible substance has been. spilled on clothing, a change to clean, fire resistant clothing should be made before working with open arcs ‘of flame. Aprons, eape-sleeves, leggings, and shoulder ‘covers with bibs designed for welding service should be used. ‘Where welding or cutting of unusually thickbese metal involved, sheet metal shields should be used for extra protection, Mechanization of highly hazardous processes tr jobs should be considered, Other personne! in the work area should be protected by the use of noncombustible sereens or by the use of appropriate protection as de- seribed inthe previous paragraph. ‘Before leaving a work area, hot workpieces should be marked to alert other persons of this hazard, No attempt should be made to repair or disconnect electrical equip- ‘ment when it Is under load, Disconnection under load produces arcing ofthe contacts end may cause burns or shock, orboth, (Note: Burns can becausedby ouching hot equipment such as electrode holders, tips, and nozzles. Therefore, insulated gloves should be worn when these items are handled unless an adequate cooling pertod has been allowed before touching.) ‘The following sources are for more detailed informa tion on personal protection: (1) Americen National Standards Institute. ANSYVASC ZA1.1, Safety-toe footwear, New York: American Nation- al Standards Institute.® @) ———.. ANSVASCZ49.1, Safety inwelding cand cutting. Miami, FL: American Welding Society. 6. ANS documents are avallable from the American National ‘Standards Institue, 11 West 42 Steet, New York, NY 10036, Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 ® . ANSVASCZB7.1,Practiceforocew- ‘pational and educational eye and face protection. New ‘York: American National Standards Institut. (4) Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Code of federal regulations, Title 29 Labor, Chapter ‘XVI, Part 1910, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.” Al02 Electrical Hazards, Blectricshockcankill;how- ver, ican be avoided. Live electrical pats should notbe touched, The manufacturer’s instructions and recom ‘mended safe practices should be read and understood. ‘Faulty installation, improper grounding, and incorrect ‘operation and maintenance of electrical equipment are all, sources of danger. All elettical equipment and the workpieces should be ‘grounded. The workpiece lead is not a ground lead. It is, ‘used only to complete the welding circuit. A separate ‘connection is required to ground the workpiece, The ‘workpiece shouldnot be mistaken fora ground connection. ‘The correct cable size should be used, since sustained overloading will cause cable failure and result in possible lectrcal shock or fre hazard. All electrical connections should be tight, clean, and dry. Poor connections can overheat andevenmelt. Further, they can produce danger- ‘ous arcs and sparks. Water, grease, or dirt should not be allowed to accumulate on plugs, sockets, or electrical units, Moisture can conduct electricity. ‘To prevent shock, the work area, equipment, and clothe ing should be kept dry at all times. Welders should wear dry gloves and rubber-soled shoes, orstand onadry board of insulated platform. Cables and connections should be kept in good condition. Improper or worn electrical connections may create conditions that could cause clec- trical shock or short circuits. Worn, damaged, or bare cables should uot be used. Open-circuit voltage should be avoided, When soveral welders are working with arcs of different polarities, or when a number of alternating ‘current machinesarebeing used, the open-circuit voltages ‘can be additive, The added voltages increase the severity, ‘of the shock hazard. Incase ofeleciicshock the powershouldbeturnedoff, tthe rescuer mustresortto pulling the victim fromthe live ‘contact, nonconducting materials should be used, Ifthe victim is not breathing, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be administered as soon as contact with the electrical source is broken. A physician should be called and CPR continued until breathing has been restored, or until a physician has arrived. Electrical burns are treated 1s thermal bums; that is, elean, cold (Ioed) compresses 17, OSHA documents are availble from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402,AUS A5-18 93 MM O78N2G5 OSUZE0S SUT mw should be applied. Contamination should be avoided; the area should be covered with clean, dry dressing; and the patient should be transported to medical assistance. Recognized safety standards suchas ANSVASCZA9.1, Safetyin Welding and Cutting, and NFPANO.70, National Electrical Code should be followed. A103 Fumes and Gases. Many welding, cuting, and allied processes produce fumes and gases which may be harmful to health, Fumes are solid particles which origi- ate from welding filermetalsand foxes, thebase metal, and any coatings present on the base motal, Cases are produced during the welding processor may be produced by the effets of proesss radiation oa the surtounding eavironment. Management personnel and welders alike should be avare of the effecs of these fumes and gases. ‘The smount and composition ofthese fumes and gases depend upon the composition ofthe fille metal and base metal, weldingprocess,curentlove, arclength,andother factors. “The possible efects of verexposuce range from iti tation ofeyes, skin, andrespiratory system to more overs complications. Effects may occur immediatly orat some later time, Fumes can eause symptoms such as nausea, headaches, dizziness, and etal fame fever. The possi ity of more soriou hoalthoffets exists when especially toxic materials are involved, In confined spaces, the shielding gases and fumes might displace breathing air andcauseasphyxlatlon.One'sheadshouldalwaysbekept outof the fumes. Sufficient ventilation, exhaustatthe arc, orboth, shouldbe used tokeep fumes and gases from yout ‘breathing zone and the general area. Tn some case, natural air movement will provide enough ventilation. Where veailation may be question. able, air sampling should be used to determine Ifcorec- tive measures should be appliod. More detailed information on fames and gas03 p ‘duced by the various welding processes may be found in the following (Q) Thepermissibleexposurelimitstequiredby OSHA can be found in Code of Federal Regulations, Tite 29, (Chapter XVI, Part 1910, (@) Therecommended thresholdlimitvaluesforfames and gases may be found in Threshold Limit Values for Chenical Substances and Physical Agents inthe Work 100m Environment? @) The results ofan AWS-funded study are available in a report entiled, Fumes and Gases in the Welding 8, Available from the National Fire Protection Assocation, rch Park, Quincy, MA 02268. (ACI), 6550 Glenvay Avenue, Buld- ing D'S, Cincinnati, OH 45211. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 Environment, avsilable from the American Welding Society, (4) Manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet forthe product, ‘AOA Radiation, Welding, cting, andllied operations tay produce adantenergy (adalon) harafultobealth, (ne shoul Become sequined with the effect ofthis radiant energy. Radiant energy may be ionizing (uch a aps), of ronioizing (ouch a lravolt, vse ligt, or ftae ted), Radiation can produce a vay of effets such as skin bums and eye damage, depending onthe radiant tnergy's wavelength and nts iexcesive exposure occurs, ‘A1OA4.L IonizingRadiation. Tonizingradiationispro- dducedby the electron beam welding process Itisordinar ly controlled within acceptance limits by use of suitable shielding enclosing the welding area. ‘A104.2 Nou-Tonizing Radiation. The intensity and wavelengths of non-ionizing radiant energy produced dopend on many factors, such as the process, welding parameters electrode and base metal composition, fluxes, and any coating or plating on the base metal, Some processes suchas resistance welding and cold pressure ‘ordinarily produce negligible quantities of rai ant energy. However, most are welding and cutting processes (except submerged arc when used properly), laser welding and torch welding, cutting, brazing, of soldering can prociuce quantities of non-iontzing radiation such that precautionary measures are necessary. Protection from possible harmful effects caused by non-ionizing radiant energy from welding include the following measures (1) Oneshouldnot ook at welding arcs except through welding filter plates which meet the requirements of ANSVASCZ87.1, Practice for Occupational and Educa- tonal Eye and Face Protection, published by American National Standards Institut. It should bo noted that ‘transparent welding curtains are not intended as welding filter plates, but rather are Intended to protect a passerby from incidental exposure. (@) Exposed skin should be protected with adequate gloves and clothing as specified in ANSVASC 249.1, Safety in Welding and Cutting, published by American ‘Welding Society. (3) Reflections from welding ares should be avoided, ‘and all personnel should be protected from intense reflee- tions. (Note: Paints using pigments of substantially zinc axide or titanium dioxide have a lower reflectance for ultraviolet radiation.) (G) Screens, curtains, or adequate distance fromaisies, ‘walkways, ct, should be used to avoid exposing passers- by to welding operations.AUS AS-28 93 MM O7842L5 OSO2L0b 486 mm 30 (5) Safety glasses with UV protectivesideshiclis have been showa to provide some beneficial protection from ultraviolet radiation produced by welding arcs. ‘1043 Ionizing radiation information sources in- clude the followit (1) AWS F2,1-78, Recommended Safe Practices for Electron Beam Welding and Cutting, available from the ‘American Welding Society (@) Manufacturer's product information literature, ‘A104. The following include non-fonizing radiation information sources: (1) American National Standards Insitute. ANSUASC. 2136.1, Safe use of lasers, New York, NY: American ‘National Standards Institute, (2) ———.. ANSVASCZS7.1,Practiceforoceu- ational and educational eye and face protection. New York, NY: American National Standards Institute. @) ———. ANSI/ASCZ49.1, Safety inwelding and cutting. (published by AWS) Miami, FL: American Welding Society. Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998 (4) Hinrichs, J. F. “Project committee on radi sunamary report.” Welding Journal, January, 1978. (8) Moss, C.B. “Optical radiation transmission levels through transparent welding curtains.” Welding Journal, March 1979, (©) Moss, C. B. and Murray, W. B. “Optical radiation levels produced in gas welding, torch brazing, and oxygen cutting.” Welding Journal, September 1979. (7) Marshall, W.1,,Sliney, D. H. nd others. “Optical radiation levels produced by air-carbon are cutting processes,” Welding Journal, March 1980. (8) National Technical Information Service, Non-ion- ining radiation protection special study no. 42-0053-77, “'Bvaluation of the potential hazards from actinic ultra- violet radiation generated by elecric welding and cuting ares.” Springfield, VA: National Technical Information Service. ADA-033768. (2) ———. Non-ionizing radiation protection special stady no, 42-0312-77, “Evaluation ofthe poten retina hazards from optical radiation generatedby electi- cel welding and cutting ares.” Springfield, VA: National ‘Technical Information Service, ADA-043023,AUS AS/18 93 MM O7842b5 0502607 342 Mm ‘AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents O& Designation Title FMC Filler Metal Comparison Charts Mae ‘Standard Procedures for Callorating Magnetic instruments to Measure the Delta Ferrite Content of Austenitic and Duplex Austeitic-Ferric Stainless Steel Weld Metal Mas ‘Standard Methods for Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martenstto, Baintic, and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding 8.01 Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines, ASA Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Are Welding ABZ ‘Specification for Carton and Low Alloy Steel Rods for Oxyfuel Gas Welding 453 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Electrodes for Shielded Metal Aro Welding 45.4 Specification for Stainless Stee! Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Are Welding 456 ‘Specification for Low Alloy Steel Covered Arc Welding Electrodes 456 ‘Specification for Coverad Capper and Copper Alloy Arc Welding Electrodes 457. ‘Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes 58 ‘Specification fr Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding 459 ‘Specification for Bare Stainless Stool Welding Electrodes and Rods ‘AS.10 Specification for Bare Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rode ‘AS.11___Spectfication for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Are Welding ‘AS.12 Specification for Tungsten and Tungsten Alloy Electrodes for Are Welding and Cutting ‘AS.13____ Spooiication for Solid Surfacing Welding Flods and Electrodes ‘A5.15 Specification for Welding Electrodes and Rods for Cast on ‘A516 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods. AS.17 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding ‘A5.18 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding ‘45.19 Specification for Magnesium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods A520 Specification for Garton Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Are Welding ‘A521 Specification for Composite Surfacing Welding Rods and Electrodes 7 ‘A522 Specification for Flux Cored Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stee! Electrodes ‘A523 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding ‘A5.24 Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods 5.25 Specification for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Electrosiag Welding A526 Spacification for Carbon and Low Allay Steel Electrodes for Electrogas Welding 5.27 Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy Rods for Oxyfuel Gas Welding A528 Specification for Low Alloy Stee! Filler Metals for Gas Shielded Arc Welding A529 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Are Welding A530 Specification for Consumable Inserts A531 Specification for Fluxes for Brazing and Braze Welding ican Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJoune Road, 53, For ordering information, contact the Order Department, Am P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 28135. Phone: 1-800-443- Copy by the Ameian Nelng Society Thu Hby 05 133176 1998