The common and IUPAC names of the organic compounds

in order of their functional groups are given in a tabular form:

Alkanes Ethers

Structure Common name IUPAC name Structure Common name IUPAC name

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 n-Butane Butane CH3-O-CH3 Dimethyl ether Methoxy methane

(CH3)2CH CH3 iso-Butane 2-methyl propane CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 Diethyl ether Ethoxy ethane

CH3(CH2)4CH3 n-hexane Hexane CH3-O-CH2-CH3 Ethylmethylether methoxy ethane

CH3.(CH3)2.C.CH3 neo pentane 2,2-di methyl propane

CH4 methane methane
Aldehydes
CH3-CH3 Ethane Ethane
CH3-CH2-CH3 Propane Propane Structure Common name IUPAC name
HCHO Formaldehyde Methanal
Alkenes CH3CHO Acetaldehyde Ethanal
CH3-CH2-CHO Propanaldehyde Propanal
Structure Common name IUPAC name
CH2=CH2 Ethylene Ethene Ketones

CH3-CH=CH2 Propylene Propene

Structure Common name IUPAC name
CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 Unsym butylene 1-butene
CH3COCH3 Acetone Propanone
CH3-CH=CH-CH3 Sym butene 2-butene
CH3-CH2-CO-CH3 Ethyl methyl ketone Butanone
Alkynes
Carboxylic acids

Structure Common name IUPAC name

Structure Common name IUPAC name
H-CC-H Acetylene Ethyne
HCOOH Formic acid Methanoic acid
Methyl acetylene/
CH3-CC-H Propyne CH3COOH Acetic Acid Ethanoic acid
Propylene
CH3-CH2COOH Propionic acid Propanoic acid
Ethyl acetylene/
CH3-CH2-CC-H 1-butyne CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH n-butyric acid Butanoic acid
Butylene
Di methyl acetylene Esters
CH3-CC-CH3 2-butyne
Butylene
Structure Common name IUPAC name
Alcohols
H-CO-OCH3 Methyl formate Methyl methanoate

Structure Common name IUPAC name CH3-CO-OCH2-CH3 Ethyl acetate Ethyl ethanoate

CH3-OH Methyl alcohol Methanol Alkyl halides

CH3-CH2-OH Ethyl alcohol Ethanol
Structure Common name IUPAC name
CH3-CH2-CH2-OH n- Propyl alcohol Propanol
CH3-Cl Methyl chloride Chloromethane
CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 iso-propyl alcohol 1-propanol
CH3-CH2-Br Ethyl bromide Bromoehtane

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Acid Chloride Other common names for compounds:

Structure Common name IUPAC name C6H6(Benzene)

H-COCl Formyl chloride Methanoyl chloride C6H5.OH (Phenol)

C6H5.NH2 ( Aniline)
CH3-COCl Acetyl chloride Ethanoyl chloride
C6H5.CH3( Toluene)
C6H5COOH(Benzoic acid)
Acid amides C12H22O11(Sucrose)

Structure Common name IUPAC name Many other compounds have names, still in use, which are
H-CO-NH2 Formamide Methanamide not in connivance with IUPAC guidelines but accepted, e.g.,
CH3-CO-NH2 Acetamide Ethanamide Camphor, Naphthalene, Anthracene, Isoprene, etc

Amines (Primary)

Secondary suffix indicates the functional group present in

Structure Common name IUPAC name the compound. The functional groups are mentioned as
follows:
CH3-NH2 Methyl amine Methanamine
CH3-CH2-NH2 Ethyl amine Ethanamine

Amines (Secondary) Alcohol -ol

Aldehyde -al
Structure Common name IUPAC name Ketone -one
N-methyl Carboxylic acid -oic acid
(CH3)2-NH Di methyl amine
methanamine Ester -oate

CH3-CH2-(CH3)-NH Ethyl methyl amine N-methylethanamine

Acid chloride -oyl chloride
Alkyl cyanide nitrile, etc.

Amines (Tertiary) (By

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Structure Common name IUPAC name
N,N-dimethyl
(CH3)3N Tri methyl amine
methanamine
Ethyl dimethyl N,N-dimethyl
CH3-CH2(CH3)2N
amine ethanamine