STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Client: GeoData Survey Company Designed By: Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh
Job Name/Station: Culvert Structural Design Verified By:

INPUT DATA
CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, f'c 35 MPA

REBAR YIELD STRENGTH, fy 460 MPA

CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT, c 24 kN/cum

SATURATED SOIL UNIT WEIGHT, s 18 kN/cum

HEIGHT OFCULVERT, H 3640 mm

WIDTH OF CULVERT, B 2900 mm

THICKNESS OF SIDE WALLS, tw 300 mm

THICKNESS OF TOP SLAB, tts 150 mm

THICKNESS OF BOTTOM SLAB, tbs 300 mm

DEPTH OF FILL, hf 0 mm

IMPOSED SERVICE DEAD LOADS, wd 10 KPa

ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE, Qa 100 KPa

SOIL ANGLE OF FRCITION, 30 Deg.

PREFERRED REBAR SIZE 10 mm

CONCRETE COVER TO REBAR CENTER 40 mm Design Summary

NO. OF REINFORCEMENT LAYERS 2 Shear Status
MAIN REINFORCEMENT SPACING 150 mm Flexure Status
TEMPERATURE REINFOR. SPACING 200 mm Soil Pressure Status

LOADS ON THE CULVERT

For the design purposes a one-meter length of the culvert is considered.

Top Slab
Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)
Include live loads if hf < 2400mm hf = 0 mm LL considered.
Multiple presence factor 0.00 Traffic travelling parallel to span
Width of distributed load (parallel to span) 250 mm
Length of distributed load (perpend. to span) 2716 mm
Pressure intensity at the specified depth of fill 213.55 KPa Axle Load = 145 KN
Linear load on the top slab 213.55 KN/m Assumed to act on full width of the

Dynamic Load Allowance (Impact Factor)

IM = 33(1 - 0.00041 hf) > 0% 33.00 % Factor for increasing live load due
Increased linear live load 0.00 KN/m Impact and multiple presence facto

Weight of earth fill

Linear weight of fill on the slab 0.00 KN/m

Imposed dead loads

Linear imposed dead loads on the slab 10 KN/m

Selfweight
Linear selft weight of the slab 3.6 KN/m
Side Walls
Soil pressure
kah = (1 - sin ) / (1 + sin ) 0.333
Surcharge on side walls due to top soil 0.0 KPa

Height of surcharge (h' = s / s ) 0.0 m

Linear pressure at the bottom of the side wall 21.8 kN/m

Selfweight
Two side walls = tw (H - tbs - tts) c 45.9 KN

Bottom Slab
Self weight of the whole structure
Linear soil pressure due to stru. selfweight 36.64 kN/m See note 1

Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)

Linear soil pressure due to live loads 0.00 KN/m See note 1

FACTORED LOAD DIAGRAMS

Load factor for dead load 1.2
Load factor for horizontal earth pressure 1.2
Load factor for live load 1.2
17.00
0.00 0.00

32.8 32.8
45.8

ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE

The structure is analyzed using the moment distribution method.
The fixed-end moment at each joint is the superposition of the fixed-end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure lo

Joint A B D C
Member AC AB BA BD DB DC CD
Length 3.19 2.90 2.90 3.19 3.19 2.90 2.90
Moment of Inertia 0.0250 0.0125 0.0125 0.0250 0.0250 0.0250 0.0250
Distrib. Factor 0.65 0.35 0.35 0.65 0.48 0.52 0.52
FEM 11.11 -11.91 11.91 -11.11 16.67 -32.10 32.10
Distribution 0.52 0.28 -0.28 -0.52 7.35 8.08 -8.08
Carry Over -3.67 -0.14 0.14 3.67 -0.26 -4.04 4.04
Distribution 2.46 1.35 -1.35 -2.46 2.05 2.25 -2.25
Carry Over -1.02 -0.68 0.68 1.02 -1.23 -1.13 1.13
Distribution 1.10 0.60 -0.60 -1.10 1.12 1.23 -1.23
Carry Over -0.56 -0.30 0.30 0.56 -0.55 -0.62 0.62
Distribution 0.56 0.31 -0.31 -0.56 0.56 0.61 -0.61
Carry Over -0.28 -0.15 0.15 0.28 -0.28 -0.31 0.31
Distribution 0.28 0.15 -0.15 -0.28 0.28 0.31 -0.31
Carry Over -0.14 -0.08 0.08 0.14 -0.14 -0.15 0.15
Distribution 0.14 0.08 -0.08 -0.14 0.14 0.15 -0.15
Carry Over -0.07 -0.04 0.04 0.07 -0.07 -0.08 0.08
Distribution 0.07 0.04 -0.04 -0.07 0.07 0.08 -0.08

Moment Sum 10.49 -10.49 10.49 -10.49 25.70 -25.70 25.70

SHEAR MOMENT DIAGRAMS

Top Slab Moment Diagram

Top Slab
10.0

5.0

Mmax (+) 7.38 kN/m 0.0

Mmax (-) -10.49 kN/m Moment (kN-m)
0 0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.

-5.0

Design Moment 10.49 kN/m -10.0

-15.0

Distance x (m)

Top Slab Shear Diagram

30.0

20.0

Vmax (+) 24.65 kN 10.0

Vmax (-) -22.19 kN Shear (kN) 0.0

0 0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.74 1.
-10.0

Design Shear 17.68 kN

-20.0
At distance d from the face of the support
-30.0

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

30.0

20.0
Mmax (+) 25.70 kN/m
10.0
Mmax (-) -22.44 kN/m
Moment (kN-m) 0.0
0 0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.

Design Moment 25.70 kN/m -10.0

-20.0

-30.0

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

80.0

60.0

Vmax (+) 66.41 kN 40.0

Vmax (-) -66.41 kN 20.0

Shear (kN) 0.0

0 0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.74 1.
-20.0
Design Shear 40.76 kN
-40.0
At distance d from the face of the support
-60.0

-80.0

Distance x (m)
 -80.0

Distance x (m)

Side Walls

Side Walls Moment Diagram

40.0

30.0

Mmax (+) 34.89 kN/m 20.0

Mmax (-) -10.49 kN/m Moment (kN-m) 10.0

0.0
Design Moment 34.89 kN/m 0 0.1595 0.319 0.4785 0.638 0.7975 0.957 1.1165 1.276 1.4355 1.595 1.7545 1.9
-10.0

-20.0

Distance x (m)

Side Walls Shear Diagram

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0
Vmax (+) 23.49 kN Shear (kN) 0 0.1595 0.319 0.4785 0.638 0.7975 0.957 1.1165 1.276 1.4355 1.595 1.7545 1.914
-10.0
Vmax (-) -28.76 kN
-20.0

-30.0
Design Shear 27.90 kN
-40.0
At distance d from the face of the support
Distance x (m)

THICKNESS CHECK
Shear strength provided by concrete = Vc0.17 (f'c)0.5 bw d

Component d (mm) VckN) Vd (kN) Status

Top slab 110 83.0 17.7 O.K.
Bottom slab 260 196.1 40.8 O.K.
Side walls 260 196.1 27.9 O.K.

REINF. CALCULATIONS
Minimum reinforcement ratio for main reinforcement, min 0.0016
Minimum reinforcement ratio for temperature reinforcement, min 0.0016
Maximum center to center spacing of reinforcement, s max 450 mm

MAIN REINFORCEMENT
Component
d (mm) Mu(kN-m) As (mm2) As prov act min Status
Top slab 110 11.7 256 1047 0.0070 0.0031 O.K.
Bottom slab 260 28.6 265 1047 0.0035 0.0031 O.K.
Side walls 260 38.8 360 1047 0.0035 0.0031 O.K.

SOIL PRESSURE CHECK

Pressure on soil 36.64 KPa
Allowable soil pressure 100.00 KPa
Status O.K.

1- In reality, the uplift soil pressure on the bottom slab may not be uniform. However, for simplicity, it shall be assumed to be uniform.
2- Minimum reinforcement ratio found is for one layer of reinforcement and shall be multiplyed by 2 if there is 2 layers of reinforcement.
3- Clear distance between two layers of reinforcement shall not be more than 150mm and less than 25mm.
4- All soil has been assumed to be saturated soil.
5- It has been assumed that only one axle of the design truck comes on the culvert at a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more widths
this design spreadsheet can not be used since it is possible that two axle loads come on the culvert.
GN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT
SHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI
Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh Date: 1-Jul-12
Revision:
Version 1.0

Design Summary
O.K.
O.K.
O.K.

Design Based on (AASHTO 4.6.2.10)

Traffic travelling parallel to span (AASHTO 3.6.1.1.2)

(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)

(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)

Assumed to act on full width of the slab.

(AASHTO 3.6.2.2)

Factor for increasing live load due to impact effects

Impact and multiple presence factor included.
 (cont'd)

(AASHTO 3.4.1)

(AASHTO 3.4.1)

(AASHTO 3.4.1)

0.00

0.00

end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure loads.

CA
3.19
0.0250
0.48
-16.67
-7.35
0.26
-2.05
1.23
-1.12
0.55
-0.56
0.28
-0.28
0.14
-0.14
0.07
-0.07

-25.70
 (cont'd)

Top Slab Moment Diagram

10.0

5.0

0.0
0 0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.74 1.885 2.03 2.175 2.32 2.465 2.61 2.755 2.9

-5.0

-10.0

-15.0

Distance x (m)

Top Slab Shear Diagram

0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.74 1.885 2.03 2.175 2.32 2.465 2.61 2.755 2.9

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0
0 0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.74 1.885 2.03 2.175 2.32 2.465 2.61 2.755 2.9
-10.0

-20.0

-30.0

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

0.145 0.29 0.435 0.58 0.725 0.87 1.015 1.16 1.305 1.45 1.595 1.74 1.885 2.03 2.175 2.32 2.465 2.61 2.755 2.9

Distance x (m)
 Distance x (m)

(cont'd)

Side Walls Moment Diagram

40.0

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0
0 0.1595 0.319 0.4785 0.638 0.7975 0.957 1.1165 1.276 1.4355 1.595 1.7545 1.914 2.0735 2.233 2.3925 2.552 2.7115 2.871 3.0305 3.19
-10.0

-20.0

Distance x (m)

Side Walls Shear Diagram

0 0.1595 0.319 0.4785 0.638 0.7975 0.957 1.1165 1.276 1.4355 1.595 1.7545 1.914 2.0735 2.233 2.3925 2.552 2.7115 2.871 3.0305 3.19

Distance x (m)

(ACI 11.2.1.2)

See note 2 (AASHTO 5.10.8)

See note 2 (AASHTO 5.10.8)

Max (1.5 t, 450) (AASHTO 5.10.3.2)

TEMPRATURE REINF.
act min Status
0.0070 0.0031 O.K.
0.0035 0.0031 O.K.
0.0035 0.0031 O.K.
a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more widths
 Top Slab Shear Moment Diagram Bottom Slab Shear Moment D
L 2.90 L 2.90
Ra 24.65 Rc 66.41
x segm. 0.145 x segm. 0.145
w 17.00 w 45.80
Mab -10.49 Mcd 25.70
Mba 10.49 Mdc -25.70
Index No. X M V Index No. X M
0 0 -10.48715 24.65 0 0 25.70245
1 0.145 -7.091616 22.185 1 0.145 16.55448
2 0.29 -4.053504 19.72 2 0.29 8.369443
3 0.435 -1.372816 17.255 3 0.435 1.147356
4 0.58 0.950446 14.79 4 0.58 -5.111787
5 0.725 2.916284 12.325 5 0.725 -10.40798
6 0.87 4.524696 9.86 6 0.87 -14.74124
7 1.015 5.775684 7.395 7 1.015 -18.11154
8 1.16 6.669246 4.93 8 1.16 -20.51891
9 1.305 7.205384 2.465 9 1.305 -21.96332
10 1.45 7.384096 0 10 1.45 -22.4448
11 1.595 7.205384 -2.465 11 1.595 -21.96332
12 1.74 6.669246 -4.93 12 1.74 -20.51891
13 1.885 5.775684 -7.395 13 1.885 -18.11154
14 2.03 4.524696 -9.86 14 2.03 -14.74124
15 2.175 2.916284 -12.325 15 2.175 -10.40798
16 2.32 0.950446 -14.79 16 2.32 -5.111787
17 2.465 -1.372816 -17.255 17 2.465 1.147356
18 2.61 -4.053504 -19.72 18 2.61 8.369443
19 2.755 -7.091616 -22.185 19 2.755 16.55448
20 2.9 -10.48715 -24.65 20 2.9 25.70245

0.41 17.68 0.56

b Shear Moment Diagram Side Wall Shear Moment Diagram
L 3.19
Rc 23.4901
x segm. 0.1595
wmax 32.76 wmin 0.00
Mac 10.49
Mca -25.70
V Index No. X M V
-66.41 0 0 25.70245 23.4901
-59.769 1 0.1595 29.03936 18.39551
-53.128 2 0.319 31.58451 13.56218
-46.487 3 0.4785 33.37958 8.99011
-39.846 4 0.638 34.46625 4.679304
-33.205 5 0.7975 34.88617 0.629758
-26.564 6 0.957 34.68103 -3.158526
-19.923 7 1.1165 33.89249 -6.68555
-13.282 8 1.276 32.56223 -9.951312
-6.641 9 1.4355 30.73191 -12.95581
0 10 1.595 28.44321 -15.69905
6.641 11 1.7545 25.7378 -18.18103
13.282 12 1.914 22.65735 -20.40175
19.923 13 2.0735 19.24354 -22.36121
26.564 14 2.233 15.53802 -24.05941
33.205 15 2.3925 11.58248 -25.49634
39.846 16 2.552 7.418577 -26.67202
46.487 17 2.7115 3.087993 -27.58643
53.128 18 2.871 -1.367604 -28.23958
59.769 19 3.0305 -5.906543 -28.63147
66.41 20 3.19 -10.48715 -28.7621

-40.762 0.41 10.92165

2.78 -27.89895