YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 1

1. Although mountainous areas contain little ---- soil 7. Rockets are believed ---- in the medieval China, and
in Greece, about one-fourth of the people earn their then the technology ---- throughout the Old World in
living by farming and agriculture. the wake of the Mongol invasions of the 13th century.

A) innovative B) fertile C) fragile A) to originate / were spreading

D) original E) hectic B) originated / has spread
C) having originated / had spread
D) to have originated / spread
E) was to originate / would spread

2. It may surprise you to learn that chronic sleep ----

significantly affects your health, performance, and
safety.

A) intention B) defeat C) achievement

8. The printing press ---- in the Holy Roman Empire
D) perception E) deprivation by the German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg, ----
existing screw presses.

A) was invented / based on

B) had invented / basing on
3. Scientists believe that children are born with an
C) could be invented / to base on
inherited ability to learn any language, as every child
has a language ---- device encoding grammatical D) invented / based on
structures into the childs brain.
E) should have invented / having based on
A) participate B) purchase C) acquisition
D) impact E) aspect

9. Greece ---- quite popular among tourists from

various countries, since it ---- the visitors fabulous
ancient wonders as well as modern attractions.

4. One of the most ---- effects of global warming is the A) has become / must offer
reduction in Arctic sea ice, where we saw the smallest
B) became / has offered
amount of Arctic ice cover ever recorded in 2012.
C) could become / offered
A) dramatic B) extinct C) constructive
D) is becoming / offers
D) excellent E) efficient
E) had become / had been offered

5. The civil service in Britain has issued a series of

warnings that the country is not sufficiently equipped
10. The atmosphere of earth protects living organisms
to ---- the extra demands of leaving the EU.
---- genetic damage that may be caused ---- solar
radiation, solar winds and cosmic rays.
A) wipe out B) set up C) get around
D) cope with E) look up A) from / by B) of / at C) on / behind
D) up / with E) away / off

6. All ancient astronomers ---- naked-eye observations,

so they could only see large celestial objects like 11. Four cups of coffee a day is considered safe ----
moon, Venus, Jupiter, and visible star-groups. healthy adults, but it exposes coffee drinkers ---- side
effects like stress and insomnia.
A) sought out B) broke out C) relied upon
A) on / under B) from / under C) for / by
D) went down E) brought up
D) in / to E) into / up
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 1

12. ---- substantial reforms in economy, small and 18. ----, infectious disease continued to kill half of all
medium-scale enterprises still find it difficult to raise Europeans before they reached the age of twenty.
capital, as banks often grant loans to big companies.
A) Although famines became less common and less
A) Once B) Despite C) Though widespread in Europe in the eighteenth century
D) Even if E) Rather
B) Unless the total number of urban dwellers across
Europe as a whole did not change markedly

C) Because improved sanitation and better diet played

some role in the rise of Europes population in the 1820s

13. In recent years, carbon dioxide has been building D) Since Naples went from a population of 300.000
up as a result of human activities, ---- the burning of to nearly half a million by the late eighteenth century
fossil fuels, over-cultivation, and extensive logging.
E) Just as many men and women employed in the textile
A) in case B) so that C) due to trade in northern France in the 17th century lived in cities
D) which E) such as

14. Insurance companies usually require a quick

assessment of the workplace before preparing 19. Unless international cooperation is ensured to ban
policies ---- have a better grasp of the existing the non-essential use of harmful chemicals, ----.
circumstances.
A) ozone measurements exhibit year to year variability, but
A) whether B) as if C) in order to do not show any increasing or decreasing trend
D) although E) given
B) the increase of oxygen in the atmosphere led to the
formation of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere

C) ozone layer would absorb 90% of the sun's high

frequency ultraviolet light

D) the term ozone hole is employed to describe any

15. The first recorded instance of cancer dates from episode of ozone depletion, no matter how minor
1500 BC in Egypt, ---- eight women with breast cancer
were treated with fire. E) the depletion of the ozone layer will continue to pose a
serious threat to human health
A) whom B) where C) whose
D) which E) by that

16. Continuous intake of calcium and vitamin D helps

maintain a healthy skeleton, ---- several other minerals
20. Often considered to be the king of birds, ----.
are needed for muscle function.
A) they are ranked at the top of the food chain due to the
A) now that B) thus C) hence size and power of many species
D) in spite of E) while
B) the wings of it are typically heavier than those of most
other birds of prey

C) the eagle is an exceptionally common symbol used by

many countries on their flags

D) hunting techniques of birds differ among the species

17. ---- his numerous inventions of mechanical and genera
devices, Archimedes is also credited with many
discoveries in the field of mathematics and physics. E) different lifestyle needs among various eagle species
result in variable measurements
A) Instead B) Besides C) Unlike
D) Even so E) Even if
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 2

1. The first scientific for the Big Bang was found in 8. as a pagan temple in the 2nd century AD, the
1929, when astronomers discovered that light from Pantheon in Rome famous for its dome, one of the
distant galaxies is reddened. largest ones in the world.

A) strike B) purchase C) evidence A) Having created / was

D) survey E) tradition B) Created / is
C) Creating / has been
D) To be created / could be
E) Creates / should have been
2. As the worlds population has swollen and we have
invented fuel hungry cars and homes, global energy
have increased dramatically.
9. The Moon as a result of a collision between Earth
and a planet 4.5 billion years ago, when the debris
A) influence B) resource C) deposit together by gravity and became the Moon.
D) impact E) consumption
A) formed / was pulled
B) is forming / pulling
C) to have formed / having pulled
3. A giant meteor impact could have caused the mass D) was forming / had pulled
of dinosaurs, as well as many other species, but E) has formed / must pull
studies need concrete proof for this theory.

A) benefit B) depression C) settlement

10. Scientific studies show that the amount of activity
D) extinction E) layer
our brain while we are dreaming is similar the
amount when we are awake.

A) in / to B) on / for C) at / out
4. Earths fossil fuels took hundreds of millions of years
to form, but a portion of them has been burned up in D) under / up E) for / over
just a hundred years.

A) significant B) permanent C) subtle

11. Most animals look for food, communicate each
D) secular E) compulsive
other, and have complex patterns of behavior linked
finding mates and producing young.

A) upon / in B) away / by C) below / at

5. A popular British novelist, Charles Dickens in D) of / across E) with / to
poverty amid the very scenes of his novels, which he
later described in David Copperfield.

A) called off B) looked up C) got out 12. knowledge can be acquired from books and
school education, most skills must be learned through
D) grew up E) looked down practice and experience.

A) In case B) Whether C) Whereas

D) Otherwise E) Just as
6. The Spanish civil war in 1936 as a revolt by right
wing Spanish military officers in Morocco and spread to
mainland Spain.
13. powerful international bodies employ restrictive
A) set up B) broke out C) came along and drastic measures, it is feared that the world will
D) turned on E) switched off soon its energy resources.

A) Unless B) Thus C) As long as

D) Despite E) As if
7. Humans 40% of the Earths surface from its
natural state, far greater than the small changes that
the last great planetary shift in the ice ages.
14. Many ancient civilizations observed astronomical
A) would alter / have triggered bodies, such as the Sun and stars, they could keep
B) had altered / trigger track of times, dates, and seasons.
C) have altered / triggered
D) alter / will trigger A) as for B) though C) now that
E) will alter / had triggered D) so that E) even so
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 2

15. the World Banks latest figures, 131 of 196 23. In addition to having two airports, .
countries around the world rely on food imports to feed
their citizens. A) the best times to visit Rome are spring and autumn

A) Besides B) Even if C) According to B) Rome has grown into a city of three million people
D) However E) Given that
C) the most famous landmark in Rome is the Coliseum

16. there is general agreement that the Americas D) Rome is also linked to the rest of Europe by road and rail
were first settled by Asian peoples, the pattern of
migration, its timing, and the origins of the peoples who E) many of Romes fountains are the work of the greatest
migrated to the Americas remain unclear. sculptors of the Renaissance

A) As well B) Only if C) Despite

D) Which E) Although

24. that it will cut emissions of greenhouse gasses

17. There seems to be a link between obesity and type II by about million tons per year over the next five years.
diabetes, but it is not clear diabetes leads to obesity
or obesity leads to diabetes. A) Scientist are engaged in research
A) what B) whether C) whom B) The British government has announced
D) however E) whereby C) A group of scientist at the conference argued
D) The Council on Environmental Protection would fear
E) The government had objected
Despite the amount of budget (18) to the education
system, students and parents are facing increasing
problems. There is no stability or standard practice in the
system (19) frequent and untimely changes. Seven
different education ministers (20) in the cabinet over the 25.
26. which goes back almost 3,000 years.
last 15 years, and nearly 20 exams and placement methods
have been tried (21) a fairer practice, and (22) none A) The 2016 Olympics was a major international multisport
event held in Brazil as part of an Olympic tradition
has led to a working system.
B) The Olympics brought together men from tribes and
states in Greece and its colonies
18.
A) enforced B) exposed C) allocated C) The ancient Olympics were abolished by the Roman
D) convinced E) objected Emperor Theodosius in 393 AD

D) The bidding process for the 2016 Olympic Games was

officially launched on 16 May 2007
19.
A) due to B) in case C) in addition E) The United States topped the medal table for the fifth
D) thus E) whom time over the past six games

20.
A) were serving
B) have served 27. Ever since psychologists started studying
26.
intelligence, .
C) should have served
D) may serve A) they have relied heavily on psychological tests for
their concepts
E) would serve
B) it is meant to represent how generally intelligent you
are based on your performance

21. C) some psychologists come up with a test of mental

A) on B) at C) above D) with E) for abilities

D) common measuring factors of intelligence include

memory, attention and concentration
22.
A) unless B) so C) then E) the first and most popular form of intelligence is called
the two-factor theory
D) yet E) also
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 3

1. In most developing countries, agriculture sector 7. The British boys band Beatles in Liverpool in
receives only 2% of total central government 1960, at that time John Lennon, Paul McCartney,
despite its significantly higher contribution to GDP George Harrison and Pete Best.
and rural employment.
A) formed / including
A) diversity B) requirement C) expenditure
B) has been formed / to include
D) dimension E) influence C) having been formed / included
D) is formed / was including
E) forming / having included

2. The most fruitful research directly with

8. Chinas rapid growth in trade as an advantage
language education in terms of social class
for the Southeast Asian nations, because it spur
differences was conducted by English sociologist
the development across the region.
Basil Bernstein.

A) retiring B) defying C) disturbing A) see / helping

B) was seen / to help
D) dealing E) composing
C) is seen / helps
D) must see / has to help
E) used to see / having helped

3. The Earth's ozone layer all life from the sun's

harmful radiation, but recent human activities have
9. An international research team of several
damaged this shield. eminent scholars a study into the effects of
climate change and global warming on the world.
A) assumes B) demands C) causes
D) depletes E) protects A) consisted / had conducted
B) to consist / to be conducted
C) is to consist / conducts
D) would consist / has to conduct
E) consisting / has conducted
4. An essential element for all living organisms,
zinc is necessary for humans, and zinc is
characterized by growth retardation and impaired
immune function.
10. One of the great advances astronomy the
A) disaster B) assess C) mistake past decade has been the discovery of planets
D) disease E) deficiency outside our solar system.

A) in / over B) through / at C) in / to
D) under / by E) with / on

5. Life coaching has the potential to help people

workrelated stress in several circumstances of the
working environment. 11. Tobacco was first used Native Americans and
began to be cultivated eight thousand years ago
in South America.
A) look up B) cope with C) grow up
D) set off E) turn off A) at / behind B) for / with C) by / about
D) of / across E) off / from

6. The cost of everything from metals and minerals 12. The mouth is the first part of human digestive
to commodities such as sugar, tea, and petrol system, where food is broken and chewed it can
dramatically in the first half of 2012. easily be swallowed.

A) went up B) gave up C) wiped out A) so that B) once C) so long as

D) broke out E) died out D) as if E) in that

YDS 2017 MN DENEME 3

13. many countries in the world follow the spirit 19. Even though Turkey possesses a huge solar power
of cooperation, there are still disputes over territory energy potential, .
that remain unresolved.
A) Denmark was leading in the world in solar technology
A) Hence B) When C) Although
B) most of the industrial world is slow to recognize the
E) Even so D) Before benefits of wind

C) it still produces far less than other European countries

D) hydroelectric power is another renewable energy

resource
14. Bosporus is an extremely important strait
geographical location, economics, and military E) there must be a drop of 7% in the gas emissions
matters.

A) much as B) now that C) rather than

D) in case E) in terms of
20. Unless you have a photographic memory, .

A) human brain is superior in terms of its ability to create

15. When we think of war films, we often think that B) it will be impossible to remember every detail you learn,
they are filmed in Vietnam and Europe, the so repetition is vital
location for these films is generally United States.
C) the notion of a photographic memory is a new concept
A) only if B) as if C) given that
D) most of us do have a kind of photographic memory
D) thus E) but
E) these memories seem to result from innate abilities

16. Power companies install wind turbines in

isolated and sparsely populated areas migratory 21. Women are more attuned to words and sounds, and
and residential wildlife is least affected. are good at learning languages, .

A) so they perceive pain more intensely than men

A) where B) whom C) by which
D) for who E) when B) but children generally have better memory than adults

C) men have a brain wired for risk-taking

D) yet bilingual people have better chance in life

E) whereas men tend to have a harder time expressing

emotions verbally
17. does geology provide a better understanding
of the Earths evolution and its present features, but
it also serves society in a variety of practical ways.

A) Either B) Since C) Not only

22. Although there is no standard definition for a
D) Unless E) Nor
smartphone, .

A) it is a mobile phone with advanced functions

B) the first smartphone had a calendar, a calculator, and

fax capabilities
18. the bloody civil war, many airlines are able to
maintain an international flight schedule into and C) its applications are not often included when you buy it
out of Congo, a country located in Africa.
D) whether the smartphone will simply be a computer in
the future is not certain
A) Despite B) Once C) Although
D) While E) Whereas E) the number of people using smartphones rises every day
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 4

1. Unless drastic measures are taken to curb our 7. Farming around 11,000 BC when communities
dangerous on fossil fuels, severe disruption of in the Fertile Crescent, an area of the Middle East,
the earths climate is inevitable. began and harvest wild rye seeds.

A) diversity B) requirement C) expenditure A) begins / sow

D) dimension E) dependence B) has begun / sowing

C) to begin / to have sowed
D) began / to sow
E) beginning / sowed

2. In lessdeveloped world, there are very few

modern urban water networks, so people living in
these areas do not have to safe drinking water.

A) belief B) access C) remote 8. Without rainforests continually recycling huge

quantities of water, droughts more common,
D) deficit E) compose potentially to widespread famine and disease.

A) would become / leading

B) were becoming / leads

3. In 2014, Russia's ruble went into freefall despite C) became / is leading

the central bank's dramatic decision to interest D) should become / was leading
rates from 10.5% to 17%.
E) had become / led
A) tend B) raise C) involve
D) bring E) acquire

9. First human settlement in ancient Lycia is thought

during the early Iron Age, when Lukka people
4. Forests help all life on Earth by producing to this region from the Central Anatolia.
oxygen, so preservation of the worlds forests is
extremely important for the continuity of life. A) occurred / were migrating
B) were occurring / had migrated
A) debate B) consume C) sustain
C) to have occurred / migrated
D) infect E) affect
D) to occur / has been migrated
E) occurring / migrate

5. If the global economic recession continues for a

few more years, most investors will considerable
10. The hotter a gas, the faster its atoms move
losses.
the faster they move, the more they collide the
container, which creates pressure.
A) end up with B) set out C) carry out
D) keep up with E) come up with A) in / over B) through / at C) in / to
D) around / with E) beyond / on

6. According to a leading article in one of todays

newspapers, a group of foreign businessmen are 11. the fifth century BC, the Greek city of Athens
planning to a new project in the region. was home some of historys most brilliant artists,
philosophers, and politicians.
A) break into B) bring up C) set up
D) run out of E) clear out A) By / from B) For / with C) Between / about
D) Of / across E) In / to
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 4

12. most modern French perfumes rely on 19. , the global population will increase to 10 billion
artificial and chemical floral essence, inspiration for by 2050.
a perfume generally comes from natural sources.
A) Although the governments have encouraged large
A) Now that B) Unless C) In case families through tax reduction and welfare subsidies
D) Even if E) Once
B) Even though the growth rate has been among the
highest of the developed world
13. The French sociologist Emile Durkheim claims
that human beings are individuals social C) If the current growth trends continue, and they seem
beings that exist in society. likely to do so

A) not only / but also B) other / than D) Since the birthrate has now outgrown the countrys
C) so / that D) as much / also agricultural capacity

E) neither / or E) Because stringent measures need to be introduced to

reverse population growth

14. People started using animals to work many

simple machines and animals, oxen and horses,
to carry much heavier loads than people could.

A) despite B) in contrast C) such as

D) instead of E) due to
20. Although most babies born in 1900 did not live past
age 50, .

A) age is the biggest risk factor for common fatal diseases

15. Ancient Egypt was a great civilization, little
was known about it until 19th century, namely until B) an infant born today is not luckier than its grandparents
hieroglyphics were decoded.
C) these improvements are part of a major transition in
A) Although B) Just as C) Before human health spreading around the globe
D) Thus E) Since D) life expectancy at birth now exceeds 83 years in Japan,
and is at least 81 years in several other countries

E) high infant mortality is a huge problem in most of the

16. The EU maintains that policies for reducing African states
greenhouse gases will not work individuals
share the vision of a lowcarbon society.

A) as if B) after C) owing to
D) while E) unless

17. Tropical areas have abundant tree population, 21. After securing political and economic stability and
temperate or semitropical grassland areas have overcoming severe flooding, .
very little tree growth.
A) about half of Thailand's workforce is employed in the
A) since B) if only C) once agriculture sector

D) but for E) whereas B) the Thai economy depends mainly on automotive and
electronics manufacturing

C) Thailand is now becoming attractive to foreign investors

18. Smallpox was once a feared human disease, with its ability to recover
it was eradicated worldwide in the 1970s by a
widespread vaccination campaigns. D) the majority of the population in Thailand are ethnic
Thais besides a large ethnic Chinese minority

A) besides B) but C) whether E) Thailand also exports processed foods like frozen
D) hence E) despite shrimp and canned pineapple
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 4
22. Galaxies come in many shapes and sizes some are
spirals like our own galaxy .
A) as our sun belongs to a giant galaxy called the 'Milky
Way'
B) whereas others are fuzzy bails or shapeless clouds
C) in case our galaxy is unimaginably vast
D) if the smallest galaxies have just a few million stars
E) so the stars in a galaxy are held together by gravity
23. Whereas Chinese is the most widely spoken first
language in the world, .
A) it is divided into seven major dialect groups, whose study
is considered a distinct academic discipline in China
B) standard Chinese is the official national spoken
language for the mainland and serves as a lingua franca
C) language laws of China do not apply to either Hong
Kong or Macau
D) English is the most widely used second language used
in various fields like business, science and technology
E) many modern forms of spoken Chinese languages have
their own distinct writing system using Chinese characters
24. Although some species survive with virtually no
change for hundreds of millions of years, .
A) extinction is considered to be the death of the last
individual of the species.
B) the relationship between animals and their ecological
niches has been firmly established.
C) local extinction occurs when species ceases to exist in
the chosen area of study.
D) a typical species usually becomes extinct within 10
million years of its first appearance.
E) currently an important aspect of extinction is human
attempts to preserve critically endangered species.
25. Besides performing domestic services and manual
labor,
A) Rome differed from Greek city-states in allowing freed
slaves to become citizens
B) slaves in ancient Rome were also employed at highly
skilled jobs and professions, such as teaching and
accounting
C) a major source of slaves was Roman military expansion
during the Republic Period
D) so that escaped slaves would be hunted down and
returned
E) there are various estimates for the prevalence of slavery
in the Roman Empire
26. If galaxies pass near each other or converge, .
A) they would have surely caused a great cosmic collision
B) the proximity between them is not always stable due to
movements in space
C) the process was usually accompanied by other
phenomena
D) they can be reshaped by each others gravitational
forces
E) the Milky Way Galaxy has existed for millions of light-
years
27. Ritual and ceremony have been part of our lives .
A) since they provide powerful ways to symbolize and
celebrate our achievements
B) while making up your own ceremony may carry negative
message from your past
C) only if we have made peace with who we are and how
we become that way
D) although these exercises leave us at ease with our
present and past
E) and extinguishing a candle on your birthday can only
help bakeries
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 4
28. People frequently think of science as a relatively
modern field however, in its broadest terms, it is as
old as humankind itself.
A) nsanlar, genel olarak en geni anlamyla insanln
kendisi kadar eski bir tarihe sahip olan bilimin nispeten yeni
ortaya km bir alan olduunu dnmektedir.
B) nsanlar, genel olarak bilimin nispeten yeni bir alan
olduunu dnse de bilim insanln kendisi kadar eskidir.
C) Genelde en geni anlamyla insanln kendisi kadar
eski olan bilimin, yeni bir alan olarak yakn bir zamanda
ortaya km olduunu dnen insanlar bulunmaktadr. C) Vcudumuzda bulunan 100 trilyonu akn bakterinin
D) nsanlar, genelde bilimin nispeten yeni bir alan olduunu
dnr, ancak en geni anlamyla bilim insanln kendisi
kadar eskidir.
E) nsanlar; genel olarak bilimin, modern bir alan olduunu
dnmekten ziyade en geni anlamyla insanln kendisi
kadar eski olduuna inanmaktadr.
29. Anadolunun eitli yerlerinde yaplan kazlar,
30.
Hititlerin M 1350 civarnda yksek bir uygarlk
dzeyine ulatklarn ortaya koymaktadr.
A) Hittite settlements in Anatolia have been excavated in
order to show that there was a high level of civilization
before 1350 BC.
B) Excavations conducted in certain parts of Anatolia
suggest that the Hittite civilization came to its highest point
around 1350 BC.
C) Excavations carried out in various parts of Anatolia
demonstrate that the Hittites achieved a high level of
civilization about 1350 BC.
D) Excavations suggest that the Hittites of Anatolia only
reached a high level of civilization after 1350 BC.
E) Various parts of Anatolia are being excavated to confirm
that there was a high level of Hittite civilization there around
1350 BC.
30. Sahra lnn ylda on kilometreye varan bir hzla
31.
gneye doru genilemekte olduu bilimsel olarak
ispatlanmtr.
A) Recent scientific investigations have shown that the
southerly movement of the Sahara remains at under 10
kilometers per year.
B) There is scientific evidence to suggest that the Sahara
expands southward at a rate of 10 kilometers a year.
C) The rate at which the Sahara is expanding southwards
has been scientifically established as not exceeding 10
kilometers a year.
D) It has been scientifically proven that the Sahara is
expanding southwards at a rate of up to 10 kilometers a
year.
E) According to recent scientific data, the Sahara is moving
to south at a rate just under 10 kilometers a year.
32.
31. There are over 100 trillion bacteria in our body,
most of which are in the guts, and they support
essential functions like digestion, immunity and
mental health.
A) Sindirim, baklk ve akl sal gibi nemli
fonksiyonlar destekleyen ve vcudumuzda ounlukla
barsaklarda bulunan 100 trilyondan fazla bakteri vardr.
B) Vcudumuzdaki 100 trilyondan fazla bakterinin ou
barsaklardadr ve bunlar sindirim, baklk ve akl
sal gibi nemli fonksiyonlar desteklemektedir.
ou barsaklarda yaar ve sindirim, baklk ve akl
sal gibi nemli fonksiyonlar destekler.
D) Vcudumuzda ou barsaklarda olan 100 trilyondan
fazla bakteri vardr ve bunlar sindirim, baklk ve akl
sal gibi nemli fonksiyonlar desteklemektedir.
E) Sindirim, baklk ve akl sal gibi nemli
fonksiyonlar destekleyen 100 trilyonu akn bakteri,
vcudumuzda ounlukla barsaklarda bulunmaktadr.
33.
32. 2014 ylnda balayan ekonomik krizden bu yana,
Rusyadaki salk kurumlar nemli bte kesintilerine
urad.
A) Health institutions in Russia have suffered considerable
budget cuts since the financial crisis that began in 2014.
B) The financial crisis that began in Russia in 2014 has
caused health institutions to suffer from severe budget cuts.
C) The reason why health institutions have been suffering
from serious budget cuts is the financial crisis that began in
Russia in 2014.
D) Substantial budget cuts, which have been experienced
by health institutions since the financial crisis that began in
Russia in 2014, cause them to suffer.
E) Health institutions have been suffering from huge budget
cuts caused by the financial crisis that began in Russia in
2014.
34. Paul Fisher, an economist with an interest in
33.
science, left his mark in the business world by
designing a better ballpoint pen.
A) dnyasnda iz brakan iktisat Paul Fisher, daha iyi
bir tkenmez kalem tasarlamay, bilime ilgisi sayesinde
baarmtr.
B) Bilime ilgisiyle tannan iktisat Paul Fisher, daha iyi bir
tkenmez kalem tasarlayarak i dnyasnda adndan sz
ettirmitir.
C) Daha iyi bir tkenmez kalem tasarlayan iktisat Paul
Fisher, i dnyasnda fen bilimlerine katksyla adn
duyurdu.
D) Bilime ilgi duyan bir iktisat olan Paul Fisher, daha iyi
bir tkenmez kalem tasarlayarak i dnyasnda iz
brakmtr.
E) Paul Fisher, bilime ilgi duyan bir iktisat olarak daha iyi
bir tkenmez kalem tasarlam ve bylece i dnyasnda
adn duyurmutur.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 5

1. Oil has provided humanity with many ----, including 7. ---- in the sixth century BC, some thinkers known as
affordable energy to reduce our workloads and the pre-Socratics ---- serious questions about the
improve our mobility. relationship between the natural world, gods, and men.

A) benefits B) deficits C) debates

A) Starting / raised
D) damages E) famines B) To have started / raising
C) Started / to have raised
D) Being started / to raise
2. According to the ---- by experts, water resources will E) To be started / would raise
become scarce, climate change will alter our planet in
an irreversible way, and habitats will be lost for good
in 100 years.

A) obstacles B) invasions C) fluctuations

8. Foreign investment in Palestine ---- substantially,
D) consents E) predictions especially since the economy ---- a ten-percent growth
rate in 2010.

A) used to grow / recording

B) was growing / has recorded
3. Home entertainment spending, such as DVD sales
and film rentals, has been falling since hitting a peak C) has been growing / recorded
in 2004, but it remains an important ---- source for the
D) had grown / had recorded
film industry.
E) having grown / to record
A) tendency B) arrival C) extinction
D) revenue E) gossip

9. When modern coastal fish-farming ---- 30 years ago,

no one ---- things right, either for the environment or
the industrys long-term sustainability.
4. Astronomers estimate that there are some 200
billion galaxies in the ---- universe, with about 400
A) must begin / has been doing
billion stars in each of these galaxies.
B) began / was doing
A) voluntary B) observable C) sensible C) having begun / should do
D) infectious E) attractive D) to begin / has done
E) beginning / to do

5. Farmers in the tropics, who cultivate the cacao trees

from which cocoa is produced, ---- the sales of cacao 10. The degree of age-related wrinkling varies hugely
seeds to feed themselves and their families. ---- person to person, partly due to the amount of
exposure ---- the sun.
A) cut off B) bring up C) rely on
A) to / among B) from / to C) towards / with
D) catch on E) break out
D) for / between E) about / by

6. The UK government has drawn up detailed plans to

cut public expenditure in order to ---- Britain's swollen 11. Galileo attempted to calculate the speed of light ----
budget deficit. trying to measure the time required for light to travel a
known distance ---- two hilltops.
A) pass down B) deal with C) stand up
D) look for E) turn down A) up / in B) for / with C) by / between
D) of / across E) among / below
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 5

12. ---- shekel, first attested in c. 2150 BC, was the first Researchers from Cambridge Universitys Department
form of currency, it was not money as we know and
(18)----
of Sociology examine the links (17) ---- the International
understand it today.
Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Ebola outbreak in West
A) Given that B) Unless C) Thus
Africa. (19)----
(18) ---- the researchers, IMF programs over the
D) Now that E) Though years have imposed heavy constraints on the development
of effective health systems in Liberia and Sierra Leone -
the cradle of the Ebola (20)----
(19) ---- that has killed more than
6,800 since March this year. The researchers say that
13. ---- humans have developed amazing adaptive economic policy reforms lately advocated by the IMF
skills, they are able to survive in almost all land
(21)----
(20) ---- the capacity of health systems in these three
habitats and hostile environments.
nations to cope (22)----
(21) ---- infectious disease outbreaks and
A) As B) Due to C) Whether
other such emergencies.
D) Even if E) Despite

18.
17.
A) up B) behind C) by
14. The aging population leads to an increase in
medical expenditure, ---- the medical care of elderly D) like E) between
people costs more than that of other age groups.

A) however B) until C) nevertheless

D) although E) because 19.

18.
A) In case of B) According to
C) As long as D) As good as
E) On behalf of
15. Eating at home allows you to control the
ingredients in your food, so you can use natural
organic food items ---- unhealthy processed foods.

A) rather than B) in case of C) as well as

D) in spite of E) besides 19.

20.
A) epidemic B) sanction C) process

D) insight E) suspect

16. Contemporary medicine applies health science,

biomedical research, and medical technology ----
diagnose and treat injury and disease. 20.
21.
A) undermined
A) due to B) according to C) contrary to
B) would have undermined
D) so that E) in order to C) have undermined
D) having been undermined
E) had undermined

17. Australias population is unevenly distributed, as

inner parts of the country are sparsely populated, ----
the coastal areas are densely populated.

21.
22.
A) since B) if only C) once
A) under B) at C) of
D) but for E) while
D) with E) on
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 6

1. Certain frozen areas of Greenland have always 8. Some of the information acquired while reading
melted in summer, but recent research has ---- that ---- to long-term memory, but much is remembered
the extent of melting in Greenland accelerated hugely.
for just long enough to enable you ---- the text.
A) demanded B) influenced C) approached
A) must be committed / understanding
D) revealed E) obsessed
B) had committed / understood
C) to have committed / understands
D) may be committed / to understand
2. If a large asteroid with a diameter of 500 km ---- with
Earth, such an impact will result in mass extinction of E) should have committed / was understanding
all life on Earth.

A) collides B) invests C) suffers

D) concludes E) yields 9. Turkish TV soap operas ---- so popular in the Arabic
World that the shows ---- a boom in tourism from the
Middle East to Turkey.

A) have become / are driving

3. So as to gain expertise in a specific field, scholars
tend to continue working in a single area for a ---- B) became / will drive
length of time, perhaps even throughout their lives. C) had become / have driven

A) compulsive B) ambiguous C) moderate D) become / had driven

D) qualitative E) substantial E) will become / were driving

10. A vast hydroelectric project has been launched to

4. We need a wide range of diligent scientists in order dam the rivers that flow ---- Hudson Bay, generating
to improve technology and to ---- the sustenance of electricity ---- use in Canada and the US.
life on our planet.
A) through / in B) by /with C) along / about
A) tackle B) ensure C) exhaust
D) at / on E) into / for
D) hinder E) deplete

5. A rover is a robotic vehicle built to explore the 11. The growing acceptance that microbes can kill us
surface of a planet or moon and designed to find their had once more focused peoples attention ---- a world
way around and ---- tasks independently. only visible ---- a microscope.

A) bring up B) give off C) carry out A) on / through B) to / upon C) by / over

D) pass away E) put out D) against / in E) of / for

6. Tectonic plates fit together to ---- Earths surface;

they move constantly, and can change our planets
features, depending on how they meet. 12. Seen from Earth, the Sun is a life-sustaining
source of light and warmth that shines steadily on us;
A) give up B) pull over C) fall behind closer views, ----, reveal a world of astonishing
violence, its surface bursting with vast eruptions.
D) send for E) make up
A) because B) unless C) however
D) now that E) in case
7. In human history, windmills and water-wheels ----
the first machines ---- power that in turn was used to
make other machines work.

A) becomes / having created 13. ---- they appear to be packed with stars, galaxies
are mostly empty space, as the distances between
B) had become / having been created them are enormous.
C) became / to create
A) Despite B) Even so C) Because
D) have become / to be created
D) Even if E) Besides
E) becoming / being created
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 6

14. People used to think of the universe as a giant 21. NASA's Kepler space telescope was launched in
sphere, ---- we now know that things are not so 2009 and stopped gathering data in 2013 after a
simple. mechanical failure, ----.

A) so that B) thus C) once A) whereas no input has been detected from it since it
broke down
D) whether E) though
B) because during its construction the engineers worked
meticulously to maximize its lifespan
15. The basic principles of good diets are ---- simple
C) so it searched for planets by measuring the levels in a
---- one can summarize them in just ten words: eat
star's brightness
less, move more, eat lots of fruits and vegetables.
D) yet in its relatively short lifetime, it has provided a
A) neither / nor B) the more / the less wealth of discovery
C) whether / or D) such / as
E) so / that E) since it has discovered a group of stars where each
star has planets of its own

22. Whereas the aeroplanes of the future were

16. Problems like hunger, malnutrition, and poverty
expected to cross oceans and continents as fast as
cannot be solved ---- women have rights and power
possible in the 1980s, ----.
equal to men.
A) we now focus on noise reduction, lighter and stronger
A) in spite of B) unless C) in order to materials, and lower fuel consumption
D) whereas E) however
B) the race to develop new aircraft technologies is at least
as intense now as it was 30 years ago

C) the first heavier-than-air machines to fly were kites,

17. Banks contract for a security interest over the invented by the Chinese in about 1000 BC
assets of a company ---- they may seize the
companys property directly to satisfy debts. D) the needs of aircraft travellers are very well-matched
with the technological development of airlines
A) as though B) so that C) as if
E) designers have improved the conditions of both the
D) much as E) just as terminals and the neighbourhoods of airports all over the
world

23. A regimen of mineral supplements should be

18. ---- scientific studies have not fully explained
discontinued, ----.
how acupuncture works in medicine, it remains a
source of controversy.
A) if it has negative results in terms of ones health
A) As well as B) As far as C) Provided B) now that clinics work with health care practitioners
D) Hence E) Since C) whereas symptoms are described in detail
D) whether the patient has regular follow-up visits
E) while a blood test warns about the risks
19. ---- humans are among the most potent of all
ecosystem engineers, their environments tend to
change rapidly within a single generation.
24. Though the brain accounts for just one-fiftieth
of our body weight, ----.
A) In spite of B) Just as C) Even so
D) Given that E) Such as A) one of its hemispheres is responsible for instinctive
behaviour

B) it consumes about a fifth of our oxygen and glucose

supplies
20. Smallpox was once a dreaded human disease,
---- it was eradicated worldwide in the 1970s by
C) brain weight doubles during the first year of life
widespread vaccination.
D) mental decline is only inevitable with brain disease
A) besides B) yet C) after
D) hence E) despite E) the brain has an organic logic all of its own
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 6
25. Since migratory routes of cranes ignore political
boundaries, ----.
A) a species bank of captive cranes has been created to
guard against extinction
B) some cranes depend exclusively upon wetlands for
nesting and feeding
C) any effort to protect them requires the participation of
several countries
D) an International effort to ensure safe passage for
cranes would have been hardly feasible
E) this was simply a means to draw global attention to
cranes and their work
26. The building of the irrigation canal in New Valley
Project in Egypt was planned with extreme care ----.
A) if the inlet starts at a point 8 km north of Lake Nasser
B) as the mistakes made in earlier canals proved costly
C) as though the desert could become green
D) until the amount of water required was agreed on
E) that wealthy investors could easily be found
27. Despite the current turmoil in finance markets, ----.
A) IMF expects a sharp drop in oil prices to impair global
consumption and growth
B) many financial market participants are much more
pessimistic about recovery prospects
C) Chinese growth is expected to slow from 6.9 percent in
2015 to 6.3 percent in 2016
D) there is a risk that the world could plunge into the third
leg of a global financial crisis
E) global economic activity remains on a gradually
improving trend
28. ----, but we cannot deny their positive impact.
A) Training is also sometimes provided in the use of
technology
B) There is often an increased availability of products for
local consumers
C) As a multinational company sets up manufacturing
plants
D) Employment opportunities are generated for locals in
the overseas country
E) Multinational companies are often criticized for a
number of reasons
29. Instead of offering a single view on a certain topic,
modern science affords multiple reproducible
concepts that can be validated through experimental
trials.
A) Modern science has been described by scientists in
many different ways rather than in just one way, and each
of these have their own validity based on the scientific
tests.
B) Even if science today represents many diverse and
particular ideological angles, and from these a valid and
unified concept is produced respecting multiple views.
C) Contemporary science provides different notions that
may be duplicated and confirmed by experimental tests,
rather than producing a unified picture about a subject.
D) Multiple views on science are the result of experiments
being unable to reproduce a unified description by which it
might be approved in experiments.
E) In addition to offering a single view on a given issue,
modern science affords many repeatable views which
could be validated by experimental trials.
30. The study of quality of life is important not only
because it addresses threats to wellbeing, but also
because it sheds light on the factors that keep older
adults from excessive reliance on public programs.
A) Those who study quality of life think that their work is
important not because they help older people find ways to
get rid of their excessive reliance on public programs, but
because they try to tackle threats to wellbeing.
B) Addressing problems of wellbeing is more important,
according to the findings of the study of quality of life, than
providing the elderly with an understanding of how to
pursue a life without being dependent on public programs.
C) What makes the study of quality of life important is that
it responds to issues that pose risks to wellbeing and it
provides us with insight into the factors that help older
people avoid becoming too reliant on public programs.
D) The reason why elderly people have become more
aware of the factors that help them to keep away from
extreme reliance on public programs is that the study of
quality of life has proved to be important as it is able to
address threats to wellbeing.
E) There are a number of threats to wellbeing, but the
study of quality of life is an important field that addresses
these problems by providing older people with a grasp of
how to protect themselves from becoming too reliant on
public programs.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 6
31. Scientists are struggling to understand the
strange biology of Rafflesia, one of the world's
largest flowers, in case it disappears from the jungle.
A) It is a well-known fact that Rafflesia, one of the world's
largest flowers, will vanish from the jungle soon, which
makes scientists interested in understanding its biology.
B) One of the world's largest flowers, Rafflesia has
started to disappear from the jungle; therefore, scientists
are rushing to study the biology of this large flower.
C) There is a possibility that one of the world's largest
flowers, Rafflesia, may become extinct from the jungle,
so scientists are working hard to comprehend its unusual
biology.
D) Scientists have difficulty in understanding the complex
biology of Rafflesia, which is one of the world's largest
flowers, as it is about to disappear.
E) It is strange that although Rafflesia, one of the world's
largest flowers, is vanishing from the jungle, scientists
are still trying to understand its biology.
32. The notion that we might one day be able to
communicate by thought alone has preoccupied
scientists and science-fiction writers for decades.
A) Scientists and science-fiction writers have long been
trying to demonstrate that people can actually interact by
thought alone.
B) Scientists and science-fiction writers have long been
thinking that one day people will be able to transmit their
ideas not only by words, but also by thought.
C) Not only scientists but also science-fiction writers have
long been endeavouring to find an answer to the problem
regarding thought communication.
D) Scientists and science-fiction writers have long been
considering the idea that one day it will be possible for
people to transmit messages via thought only.
E) Scientists have already proven that people can
communicate by thought alone, which has also been a
popular theme for science-fiction writers for a long time.
33. Specialists in climatology forecast that global
temperatures may either rise sharply or fall
dramatically.
A) To some climatologists, whereas in some areas
temperatures show a tendency to rise abruptly, in other
places dramatic falls will be seen
B) Experts on global temperatures hold the belief that
extreme rises and falls are indispensable in the future
C) The fact that global temperatures not only rise
remarkably but also fall below standards has been
reminded by experts on climate changes
D) It has been predicted by experts in climate affairs that
there may be considerable rises or steep decline in global
temperatures
E) Analysts in climatology warn us that there will be global
temperature extremes in the near future.
34. Languages worldwide differ from each other in
innumerable ways, yet the fact that people speak
different tongues does not necessarily mean they
think differently.
A) There are countless differences between languages in
the world, but it does not essentially follow that speakers
of distinct languages adopt different ways of thinking.
B) One can argue that speakers of different languages
around the globe think differently just by considering the
various differences among languages.
C) The way speakers of different languages look at thinks
does not have any influence on the numerous differences
among languages on earth.
D) Speakers of different languages from other countries
may think differently, but in fact, it does not account for the
countless differences among languages.
E) Given the number of differences among languages,
people consider that the speakers of global languages can
vary in innumerable ways how they think.
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7

1. Some of the most ---- elements in the universe 7. In Turkey, women ---- the right to vote in municipal
include hydrogen and helium, which together make elections in 1930, while women's suffrage ---- for
up 98% of the available matter. parliamentary elections in 1934.

A) docile B) acquired C) terminal A) were given / was achieved

D) abundant E) privileged B) gave / has achieved
C) had given / has been achieved
D) were giving / could have achieved
E) had to give / was achieving
2. A team of astronomers from the University of
UCLA have ---- nine new dwarf planets orbiting the
Milky Way, the largest number ever discovered at
once.
8. Education ---- a long and arduous process that not
A) comprised B) accelerated C) anticipated only ----- us with basic skills such as literacy and
numeracy, but is also essential in shaping our future
D) relieved E) identified
lives.

A) will be / would have provided

3. The human body produces over 2.5 million new B) had been / had provided
blood cells during every second of our adult lives, C) could be / provides
but how this ---- is controlled remains poorly
D) must be / was provided
understood.
E) has been / should have provided
A) density B) conflict C) turmoil
D) process E) essence

9. Up to recent times, neuroscientific researchers ----

that essential differences between the male and
4. According to a study by the University of female brain ---- by innovative techniques.
Cambridge people who sleep for more than eight
hours a day have ---- risk of stroke. A) claimed / to be uncovered
B) have claimed / might be uncovered
A) valuable B) consistent C) heightened C) have been claimed / to uncover
D) vague E) rigid D) would claim / are being uncovered
E) are claimed / uncovers

5. Young people from unhappy living situations have

10. An essential element ---- all living organisms, zinc
not had the opportunity to learn constructive ways to
is necessary for humans, and its deficiency is
---- fear and grief, as well as life's challenges.
characterized ---- growth retardation, and impaired
immune function.
A) bring up B) win over C) cope with
D) set off E) look after
A) by / with B) with / at C) in / across
D) on / over E) for / by

6. By measuring the loss of dominant species, the 11. Dental Public Health is the clinical specialty of
researchers found that for every 10% of forest loss, controlling dental diseases, delivered ---- a target
one to two major species are ----. population ---- a regional or national basis.

A) played up B) wiped out C) kept up with A) with / at B) up / over C) to / on

D) found out E) set out D) out / off E) from / in
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7

12. Most companies will have to lay off at least 30% Important advances in battery technology have led to
of all members of staff ---- the current economic electric cars capable of speeds up to 80 km/h and a
stagnation continues. range of 160 km. Such cars might become popular,
(18)---- they can be easily recharged overnight when the
A) despite B) provided C) even so power demand on electric stations is low. Mass use of
D) unless E) in case electric vehicles would lower the demand for crude oil.
Besides, (19)---- using lightweight steel, aluminum,
plastics, and magnesium, car producers (20)---- reduced
the size and weight of their models in the early 1980s in
an effort to improve fuel efficiency. Front-drive
13. British people enjoy free healthcare ---- the
technology, (21)---- allows more passenger and cargo
welfare state, a concept where the state plays a key
space inside smaller cars, (22)---- by carmakers
role in the protection and promotion of the economic
worldwide, replacing the rear-drive arrangement
and social well-being of citizens.
commonly used since the motor industry's earliest days.

A) even if B) whether C) when

D) thanks to E) besides

18.
A) unlike B) because C) so that
14. The cost of everything from metals and minerals
D) just as E) so as to
to commodities ---- sugar, tea and petrol, went up
dramatically in the first half of 2006.

A) both B) such as C) than 19.

D) more E) neither A) with B) against C) by
D) between E) under

15. ---- there are considerable cultural differences

between the various South Asian nationalities that 20.
have come to Britain, there are certain underlying
A) solely B) reluctantly C) tenderly
similarities.
D) peacefully E) drastically
A) Unless B) Instead C) Because
D) Whereas E) As far as
21.
A) which B) that C) whose
D) whom E) where
16. A shocking survey has revealed that almost 30%
of ---- Asian ---- African racial groups living in London
are suffering financial hardship.
22.
A) both / and B) either / or A) should have adopted
C) whether / or D) neither / nor B) would be adopted
E) so / that C) to have adopted
D) has been adopted
E) had adopted
17. Passenger fares for public transport are heavily
subsidized in developed countries, ---- congestion in
the city centers has increased dramatically.

A) contrary to B) so that C) since

D) in order to E) due to
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7

A common myth is that animals can sense an imminent
earthquake. (23)---- most geophysicists dispute this
assertion and claim that there is no way to predict an
earthquake, a new hypothesis for predicting earthquakes
is (24)---- interest in the scientific community. This
hypothesis is based on a well-known principle: Subjecting
rocks to extreme pressures causes the rocks to produce
electrical currents. (25)----, a leading physicist has
claimed that this principle may help predict quakes.
Hypothetically speaking, an earthquake (26)---- the San
Andreas Fault in California could produce hundreds of
thousands of amperes that (27)---- the ionosphere
surrounding the earth. By monitoring ionosphere for
electrical fluctuations, scientists may be able to predict
earthquakes.
28. Life on Earth is believed to have evolved about
3.7 billion years ago, ----.
A) when there was no protective ozone layer surrounding
the planet
B) although scientists thought ultraviolet radiation was
an obstacle
C) even if the earliest life is widely thought to have been
based on RNA, the chemical cousin of DNA
D) as if scientists are doubtful whether intense ultraviolet
light from the sun had spurred on the evolution of life
E) just as RNA was actually much more likely than other
molecules

23.
A) While B) Whether C) In spite of
D) Rather E) Since

29. ---- if they had not been able to exploit their oil
and mineral reserves.

24. A) Indeed, the study was denounced as "deeply flawed"

A) stagnating B) harvesting C) generating
B) Waste dumps and worker camps constitute a further
D) alleviating E) hampering threat

C) The benefits from oil and mining industries would also

be reinforced
25.
A) No matter B) Owing to C) Rather D) Environmental groups were quick to condemn the
D) However E) Therefore conclusions drawn

E) Actually, most countries might have lost even more

forest land
26.
A) among B) out C) along
D) during E) behind

27.
A) have disrupted
B) would disrupt 30. It is expected that the proposal should not be
accepted in the parliament ----.
C) was to disrupt
D) must have disrupted A) since it would be considered a tax increase by many
E) is disrupting B) unless there are more important matters to consider

C) after the parliament resumes the new years

budget-making

D) while federal programs must be paid for by federal

funding

E) whereas the proposal itself is never discussed by

the committee
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7
31. We think of our eyes as video cameras that make
a flawless recording of the world around us, ----.
A) whether deleted information is processed
unconsciously has not been investigated
B) as the distinction between looking and seeing is
greater than one can imagine
C) but experiments show how little information we
actually take in at a glance
D) however, a recent experiment indicates that this
cannot be the entire reason
E) therefore, there is a close relationship between what
we think and what we see
32. Although the British were also worried about the
global recession, ----.
A) its main advantages relative to continental Europe
have been overlooked
B) their public finances have moved into deficit and look
like remaining there
C) the economy cannot continue to grow at around its
present trend
D) a rise of one per cent in British interest rates would be
bad for the economy
E) they were in fact largely insulated from its negative
effects
33. Despite enjoying an increase in Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) in the early and mid 1990s, ----.
A) structural reforms would have done little or nothing to
reduce the income inequality in Latin America
B) Latin America is now facing an economic stagnation
C) the political mood in Latin America had shifted sharply
to the left
D) everybody admitted that the International Monetary
Fund (IMP) had been at fault
E) the Latin American countries would have followed the
advice of analysts and looked to Korea as a role model
34. ----, it is not the only factor to be considered while
making specific decisions.
A) Whereas most shoppers decline monetary rewards
for fear of being overcharged
B) As men and women spend more and more time for
their appearance
C) Although money plays an important part in economic
decision-making
D) Unless people are encouraged to save and invest
more of their income
E) As if it were possible to entice customers with special
offers
35. Individualistic cultures tend to place emphasis
on the individual relative to the group, ----.
A) thus they are the subject matter of many academic
studies by anthropologists
B) so collectivistic team members do not suffer from a
lack of collective efficacy
C) but collectivistic ones also urge the Individual to work
for the society
D) whereas collectivistic ones try to subordinate the
individual to the group
E) leading to great controversies among academic circles
as to the place of the individual
36. Though the term human rights is of recent
origin, ----.
A) there are certain actions that are never permissible
and certain freedoms that should never be invaded
B) after 1933 the Western world realized that it was living
in an age of totalitarian dictatorship far worse than old
monarchic absolutism
C) natural rights can be seen in their origins as claims
that everyone naturally makes
D) some politicians claim that any doctrine of human
rights must be in some sense a doctrine of natural rights
E) the idea itself can be traced back to the great
philosophers of classical antiquity
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7
37. If our immune system has been compromised,
----.
A) the immune system can be classified into subsystems
B) an immune system must detect a wide variety of
agents, known as pathogens
C) it becomes be harder to fight off any bacterial or viral
infections
D) multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to
recognize and neutralize pathogens
E) this process of acquired immunity is the basis of
vaccination
38. Tipik bir uydu, her biri 2 dakikada bir milyon
sayfalk bir dokman iletebilen 20 veya 30 tane radyo
vericisine sahiptir.
A) A typical satellite has 20 or 30 transponders, each
capable of transmitting a one-million-page document in 2
minutes.
B) There are 20 to 30 transponders on each of these
typical satellites; each of which is capable of transmitting
a one-million-page document every 2 minutes.
C) Each of the 20 or 30 transponders on a typical satellite
is capable of transmitting documents of up to one million
pages in 2 minutes.
D) Since a typical satellite has 20 to 30 transponders, it is
able to transmit a one-million-page document every 2
minutes.
E) The 20 to 30 transponders found on a typical satellite
enable it to transmit documents of up to one million
pages every 2 minutes.
39. Almanya'nn babakan Angela Merkel tarafndan
ortaya konan ekonomik reform planlar, Sosyal
Demokrat Parti'nin kongresinde oybirlii ile
onayland.
A) Angela Merkel, Germany's chancellor, should have
made plans for economic reform, and they would have
been approved at the Social Democratic Party's
congress.
B) The plans for economic reform put forward by
Germany's chancellor Angela Merkel were unanimously
endorsed at the Social Democratic Party's congress.
C) At the Social Democratic Party congress, the plans for
economic reform suggested by Germany's chancellor,
Angela Merkel, met with considerable approval.
D) The plans of Angela Merkel, Germany's chancellor, for
economic development won the hearts of the entire
Social Democratic Party at their congress.
E) The plans for economic development by Angela
Merkel, Germany's chancellor, were recently whole-
heartedly denied at the Social Democratic Party's
congress.
40. Mayalar baz bilimlerde o kadar gelimilerdi ki,
gnmz insanlar genellikle onlarn mistik gleri
varm gibi hisseder ve tahminlerini ok ciddiye
alrlar.
A) Modern day people regard Mayans as having mystical
powers; therefore, they tend to believe what they
predicted about science.
B) The Maya civilization are taken seriously by
contemporary people as they were advanced in science
a lot and had mystical powers.
C) Because Mayans were ahead in science, modern
people have a tendency to take them seriously as though
they were mystical people.
D) As well as being so advanced in some sciences in
ancient times, Mayas are also appreciated by modern
day people because of having some kind of unexplained
powers.
E) The Maya were so advanced in some sciences that
modern day people often feel as if they had mystical
powers and take their predictions very seriously.
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7
41. A persons health history may reveal a disease
that interferes with the bodys use of nutrients or that
affects the persons eating habits.
A) Kiinin salk yks, yemek yemesini engelleyen
veya bedeninin besinlerden yararlanma srecini etkileyen
bir hastal aa karmada kullanlabilir.
B) Kiinin salk yks, bedenin besinlerden
yararlanmasn engelleyen veya kiinin yemek yeme
alkanlklarn etkileyen bir hastal aa karabilir.
C) nsann yemek yemesini engelleyen veya bedenin
besinlerden yararlanma srecini etkileyen hastalklar,
kiinin salk yksnden yararlanlarak ortaya
karlabilir.
D) Bir kiinin salk yksnden, hem onun yemek yeme
alkanlklarn etkileyen hem de bedenin besinlerden
yararlanmasn engelleyen hastalklar kolaylkla
anlalabilir.
E) Bedenin besinlerden yararlanma srecini etkileyen
veya kiinin yemek yemesini engelleyen hastalklarn
ou, kiinin salk yksnden anlalmaktadr.
42. Today thousands of meteorological observation
stations are in operation all over the world and
supply us with estimates of various atmospheric
situations.
A) Bugn binlerce hava gzlem istasyonu tm dnya
zerinde faaliyet gstermekte ve bize eitli atmosfer
durumlar ile ilgili tahminleri salamaktr
B) Bugn dnya zerinde binlerce hava gzlem
istasyonu atmosfer durumlar ile ilgili bilgileri bize eksiksiz
olarak aktarmaktadr.
C) Dnya zerinde binlerce hava gzlem istasyonundan
atmosfer durumlar ile ilgili gnlk tahminleri elde
edebilirsiniz.
D) Gnmzde atmosfer olaylar ile ilgili tm gelimeler,
yeryznde faaliyet gsteren binlerce hava gzlem
istasyonu tarafndan takip edilmektedir.
E) Gnmzde, atmosferde yer alan pek ok olay
yeryznde faaliyet gsteren binlerce hava gzlem
istasyonunun almalar sayesinde reniyoruz.
43. People who apply for professional assistance in
coping with stress and pain are generally individuals
whose strategies have proven ineffective in
managing their problems.
A) Sorunlarn zmek iin gelitirdikleri yntemler
yetersiz kalan bireyler, genellikle stres ve aryla baa
kma konusunda uzman desteine bavururlar.
B) Bireyler, sorunlarn halletmek iin kullandklar
yntemler yetersiz kaldnda stres ve aryla baa
kmak iin genellikle uzman desteine bavururlar.
C) Stres ve ar ile baa kmak iin uzman desteine
bavuranlar, genellikle sorunlarn zmek iin yetersiz
yntemler gelitiren kiilerden olumaktadr.
D) Bireyler, sorunlarna are bulma konusunda gereken
yntemleri etkin olarak kullanamadklarnda stres ve
aryla baa kmak iin genellikle uzman desteine
bavururlar.
E) Stres ve aryla baa kmada uzman desteine
bavuran kiiler, genellikle sorunlarn zmek iin
kullandklar stratejiler etkisiz kalan bireylerdir.
44. ----. His principal equipment is a leather sofa for
patients to lie on and a cabinet of mysterious drugs
of one kind or another to send them off to sleep. He
is particularly interested in the dreams of his clients
and may use some form of hypnosis to study their
repressed thoughts and secret emotions.
A) More and more large firms are realizing the
advantages offered by psychiatry
B) No one may prescribe drugs or surgery in treating
mentally sick individuals unless he is medically qualified
C) It is important to realize that psychologists are first and
foremost trained as scientists rather than as medical
experts.
D) Psychologists are primarily concerned with behavior
and its abnormalities.
E) The popular image of a psychiatrist is a fairly well
defined one
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7
45. Italy is the great country of fountains, and the
fountains of Rome are world famous. ----. It was built
in the time of Pope Clement XII about the middle of
the eighteenth century. The fountain and the palace
behind it are a good examples of the baroque style of
architecture, which gives a feeling of magnificence,
movement and excitement.
A) The fountain of Trevi, in Rome, is one of the most
magnificent in the city.
B) This style is especially effective for fountains because
of the moving water.
C) The water is brought underground from a spring many
miles outside the city.
D) A statue of Neptune in the fountain is surrounded by
numerous other figures.
E) The city of Rome has been the capital of Italy
ever since it was founded thousands of years ago.
46. Mercury, which is the smallest of the planets, is
the closest to the sun at a little more than one-third
of the Earth's distance. ----. It was first visited In
March 1974 by the spacecraft Mariner 10 which
passed within a few hundred kilometers of it. The
craft relayed pictures on the two following passes in
September 1974 and March 1975. It still continues to
revisit Mercury every 176 days.
A) The relayed picture showed that the planets have an
approximately 59-day rotation period
B) It is only recently that we have been able to gain any
accurate information about it
C) Mariner 10 measured a small magnetic field at the
surface
D) Today we are in possession of vast amounts of
information about the planets
E) Obviously it will take many thousands of years to
reach even the nearest stars
47. Some obese people who lose weight voluntarily
benefit from their weight loss. Research on obese
people who lost weight indicates that a 10% loss
is sufficient to produce significant decreases in
lifetime health risks and personal health-related
expenditures. ----.
A) Dieting is a good choice for some people but not
for others
B) Therefore, even modest weight loss can be important
for those who are obese
C) The eating disorders that have received the most
attention, both in the popular media and in the scientific
literature, are anorexia nervosa and bulimia
D) On the contrary, the factors that influence obesity in
adolescents are the same as those in adults
E) Behavior modification programs with obese children
have greater success in promoting permanent weight
loss than similar programs with adults
48. When a mammal is young, it looks much like a
smaller form of an adult. However, animals that
undergo metamorphosis develop quite differently
from mammals. The young of these animals, which
are called larvae, look very little like the mature forms
and have a different way of life. Take the example of
butterflies and caterpillars, which are the larval form
of butterflies. ---- Caterpillars, on the other hand, are
wingless and have more than six legs. They move by
crawling and feed on leaves. To become adults, the
larvae must radically change their forms. To achieve
this change, a larva must go through the process of
metamorphosis.
A) The migration of the monarch butterflies is so
incredible that they successfully migrate to places that
they have never even seen.
B) It does this in the second stage of life, called the pupa
stage.
C) Butterflies have two pairs of wings and six legs and
feed on the nectar of flowers.
D) When they are ready to pupate, caterpillars settle in
sheltered positions.
E) The wing buds, which are under the caterpillars skin,
grow into wings.
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 7
49. (I) Whisky began to be marketed commercially in the
middle of the nineteenth century. (II) By enlarging and
modernizing its distilleries, Scotland has been able to
dominate the market in Europe and America. (III) Up until
then, production had been divided between a few official
distilleries and many much smaller, illicit ones, whose
produce was almost exclusively for local consumption.
(IV) The development of reliable transport systems
particularly trains - during the Industrial Revolution
meant whisky could travel further afield. (V) And a few
Scottish-and Irish traders seized this opportunity to begin
exporting their output.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
50. (I) Our bodies are often exposed to thousands of
bacteria and viruses, which could potentially cause
infection. (II) Our immune system protects us against the
vast majority of them. (Ill) As people age, the immune
system becomes less effective, which contributes to the
greater susceptibility of people to some infections. (IV) It
is easy to take our immune system for granted, but if you
catch cold very often, you need to be more proactive
about taking care of yourself. (V) Adopting healthy eating
habits, for example, can boost your immune system.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
51. (I) There is nothing unusual about a single language
dying. (II) Communities have come and gone throughout
history, and with them their languages. (III) The Hittite
language, for example, died out when its civilization
disappeared. (IV) Small communities in isolated areas
can easily be wiped out by earthquake, hurricanes and
other disasters. (V). Yet, in comparison with what
happened in the past, what is happening today is extra
ordinary, for the cultural and linguistic diversify of the
world is everywhere under the art.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
52. (I) People say it is easier to learn a foreign language
when one is young. (II) After all, we all learn a language
In our infancy without even being aware of it. (III) With
this in mind, a lot of kindergartens try to Introduce the
children to a foreign language. (IV) One should not forget
that some people learn a foreign language easily while
others dont. (V) In theory this is an excellent plan, but the
results have not been as successful as one might have
hoped.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
53. Copernicus was distinct from most of his
predecessors in that he based his theories on his
observations and validated them using experiments.
A) In order to differentiate himself from previous people,
Copernicus justified his observations using experiments
based on his theories.
B) Copernicus was unique among previous scientists
and his theories were based on experiments and
confirmed by his observations.
C) As Copernicus used his observations as a basis for
his theories and verified them through experiments, he
was unlike many of those preceding him.
D) What made Copernicus different from most of his
predecessors was that his theories agreed with
observations and experiments.
E) Because Copernicus formulated his theories using
observations rather than experiments, he hardly
resembles his ancestors.
54. Historians emphasize Byzantine trade and
industry, because these provided most of the surplus
wealth that supported the state.
A) There is a general consensus among historians that
the economic importance of trade and industry in the
Byzantine empire cannot be ignored.
B) According to historians, in the Byzantine empire,
trade and industry played a relatively important role in
the economy.
C) As far as historians are concerned, the economic
prosperity of the Byzantine state depended, to some
extent, on commercial and industrial activities.
D) It is commonly recognized by historians that the
Byzantine state could not have survived without the
economic contributions of trade and industry.
E) As the Byzantine state largely depended on the
revenues generated by trade and industry, historians
attach much importance to them.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 8

1. An increase in the share of youth in the working
age population of the UK causes a sharp ---- in the
unemployment rate and a modest increase in its
labour force participation rate.
A) diversity B) disrupt C) yield
D) evidence E) decline
2. Cambridge University is ---- to developing and
maintaining an environment that improves human
health and a transition towards sustainability.
8. Data from archaeological studies that ---- in recent
years now makes it clear that first agricultural
activities ---- in a much larger area than was once
thought.
A) have been generated / began
B) were generated / had begun
C) are generated / begins
D) to have generated / beginning
E) might be generated / has begun

A) susceptible B) addicted C) committed

D) vulnerable E) surrounded 9. Small objects still ---- Earth with no devastating
effect, but a large asteroid impact some 65 million
years ago appears ---- mass extinction of species.

3. An international research team ---- of several A) collided with / caused

eminent scholars has conducted a study examining B) have collided with / to cause
the effects of global warming.
C) had collided with / causing
A) coping B) confronting C) responding D) collide with / to have caused
D) consisting E) hindering E) to collide with / having caused

4. Human Rights Watch is a support organization that 10. Psychology focuses on the consistency in human
---- violations of what it considers basic human rights behaviour ---- time and the traits that distinguish one
and defends democracy, freedom, and human rights. person ---- another.
A) initiates B) ensures C) opposes A) at / for B) over / from C) in / of
D) complies E) depletes D) within / by E) around / to

5. A meta-analysis ---- by researchers from Cambridge

University has conclusively proven that diabetes is 11. Modern cell biology incorporates a wide range of
associated with obesity and sedentary life style. approaches aimed ---- gaining insight ---- the cells, the
fundamental units of life.
A) brought up B) set out C) ended up
D) carried out E) called for A) on / off B) to / upon C) by / over
D) at / into E) of / for

6. The main reason for Egyptians to build pyramids

so hugely was to ---- their growing wealth, prestige,
stability, and loyalty to their deities. 12. In conventional agricultural, the amount of time to
produce a crop is decreased to gain a larger profit, ----
A) turn over B) drop out C) take up in sustainable
sustainable practices,focus
agriculture health andon
more continued soil
continued
D) call off E) show off fertilityand
health are fertility
the most of important
the soil. aspects.

A) because B) since C) whereas

7. ---- in 1957, the organization known as the D) despite E) just as

European Union originally ---- only six members:
Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the
Netherlands.
13. ---- current data point to a relationship between
A) Founding / having comprised stress and illness, claims that stressful life events
B) Founded / comprised cause serious diseases are still premature.
C) To have founded / comprise
D) Founds / to comprise A) Once B) Now that C) Unless
E) Having founded / comprising D) Thus E) Even if
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 8

14. Obtaining nutrients is of ---- vital importance ---- 21. ---- unless special policy measures are taken to
both individual organisms and ecosystems are encourage this development.
structured around the central theme of nutrition.
A) Significant market barriers and failures may severely
A) more / than B) such / that C) so / as restrict the development of renewable energy
D) much / like E) either / or
B) Renewable energy technologies have an enormous
potential in the United States

C) Market research shows that many customers would

15. ---- regulate the life of a society, general and legal purchase renewable power
rules are set down in written form by the highest
legislative authority of a country. D) Companies must explain the benefits of renewable
energy to customers
A) In order to B) Due to C) According to
E) Conventional energy technologies are generally well
D) Although E) Thanks to
understood

16. The Independent t-test compares two independent

groups to determine ---- the associated population
means are significantly different or not.

A) unless B) provided C) in spite of 22. Wearable technologies like smart watches devices
have become so commonplace that ----.
D) in case E) whether
A) fashion electronics are smart electronic devices that
can be worn on the body

17. ---- the Moon appears to be a luminous body, the B) wearable devices such as activity trackers are a good
fact is that it only reflects light received from the Sun. example of the Internet of Things

C) they are now considered an indispensable part of

A) Because B) Though C) As if
modern life
D) But E) Rather
D) Sony teamed up with the London College of Fashion
for a contest to design digital clothing

E) Google started developing prototypes of Google Glass

18. ---- extensive research, the causes of Parkinson's
disease remain largely unknown today, and the
available evidence remains far from conclusive.

A) Although B) Just like C) Despite

D) So as to E) As much

23. Measurements are important because they help

people agree on things, and without accurate
measurements, ----.
19. The European Union is home to more than 20
million immigrants, ---- represent about 4% of the total
A) ancient measurements were often based on body
population and make contributions to society.
parts
A) who B) which C) where
B) the metric system is more suited to scientific work and
D) whose E) what is widely used in Europe

C) there would be no world records, cooking would be

guesswork, and it would be hard to find clothes that fit
20. ---- more bacteria species are becoming resistant
D) however, everyones body is a different size, so now
to the available antibiotics, scientists are desperately
we use more standard measures
searching for new ways to fight against infection.
E) which is why we still measure in units such as feet
A) Besides B) Now that C) Prior to today
D) So many E) Even though
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 8
24. ----, the average life expectancy is currently 75
years, which is about double how long we typically
lived 200 years ago.
A) Thanks to the improvements in medical science, better
child care, diet, and sanitation
B) Although the wealth distribution across nations still
varies greatly
C) If a major shift is occurring in the causes and ages of
death all around the world
D) Infecting someone with a disease in order to prevent
them from getting sick is a pretty bold idea
E) Even if our maximum life spans are not set in stone
but can be extended far beyond what nature intended
25. As migratory routes of cranes ignore political
boundaries, ----.
A) a species bank of captive cranes has been created to
guard against extinction
B) some cranes depend exclusively upon wetlands for
nesting and feeding
C) any effort to protect them requires the participation of
several countries
D) an International effort to ensure safe passage for
cranes would have been hardly feasible
E) this was simply a means to draw global attention to
cranes and their work
26. A common feature of all known human societies,
ceremonies and rituals have been a significant part of
our lives, .
A) only if we have made peace with who we are and how
we become that way
B) while making up your own ceremony may carry
negative message from your past
C) because they offer effective means to celebrate our
achievements and memorable events
D) although these exercises leave us at ease with our
present and past
E) and extinguishing a candle on your birthday can only
help bakeries
27. The human heart was once thought to be the
centre of thought and emotion, ----.
A) in spite of the fact that the heart works non-stop unlike
other muscles in the body
B) and thus it beats 70 times a minute, 100,000 times a
day, and 40 million times a year
C) even though it has certain structures that make sure
the blood flows one way only
D) since the heart pumps blood through its own muscular
wall as well as pumping blood to the body
E) but now it turns out that it is just a muscular pump that
beats tirelessly to keep blood flowing
28. ----, though their positive impact cannot be denied.
A) Training is also sometimes provided in the use of
technology
B) There is often an increased availability of products for
local consumers
C) As a multinational company sets up manufacturing
plants
D) Employment opportunities are generated for locals in
the overseas country
E) Multinational companies are often criticized for a
number of reasons
29. Apart from the difficulty of getting to Mars and
establishing the first human colony there, ----.
A) there is a face-like geographical formation on the
planet, which has caused a great deal of interest
B) no other planets surface is so open to inspection due
to the issue of distances within the Solar System
C) it is likely that the planet will offer a great deal of
precious metals and other valuable substances
D) Mars is believed to have a past and to be a wetter and
warmer planet
E) humans also have to solve other problems such as
how to sustain a culture so remote from its origins
30. Slightly bigger than a typical star, ----.
A) the Sun is large enough by volume to swallow 1.3
million Earths
B) so it contains 99.8 percent of all the matter in the solar
system
C) the force of gravity generated by this enormous mass
keeps the planets trapped in orbit around it
D) closer views, however, reveal a world of astonishing
violence
E) its seething surface bursting with vast eruptions that
hurl fiery gases into space
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 8
31. Illiteracy, or ignorance, is an important factor that
contributes to overpopulation. Therefore, those
lacking education fail to understand the need to curb
population growth. Modern methods of birth control
and family planning do not reach those ignorant
sections of society. ----. However, the educated class
can make more responsible decisions about
marriage and childbirth. Thus, education is an
effective tool to curb overpopulation.
A) Furthermore, due to lack of awareness, they show
resistance to adopting such methods.
B) The literate are quickly able to understand what impact
overpopulation can have.
C) Thus educating the unlettered people will surely
increase the awareness about overpopulation.
D) Marrying at a certain age or having a certain number
of children is considered to be ideal.
E) This indirectly forces couples to produce children till a
child of the preferred gender is conceived.
32. Egyptian hieroglyphics were a pictographic script,
primarily used on monuments and for religious texts.
The Egyptians continued to use simplified forms of
hieroglyphics in their daily lives until the time of the
early Christians, when they switched to writing the
Egyptian language with the Greek alphabet. ----. Then,
in 1799, a French military officer, who had come to
Egypt as part of Napoleon's expedition, discovered
the Rosetta Stone. On this monument from the 2nd
century BC, he found a text written in both
hieroglyphics and Greek. With this new evidence,
philologists finally deciphered hieroglyphics in 1822.
A) Hieroglyphics were both a means of communication
and a system for classifying the world.
B) The earliest hieroglyphics were on labels recording tax
payments and royal possessions.
C) A single hieroglyph was sometimes used as an
ideogram to represent a whole word.
D) Over the centuries, the understanding of ancient
hieroglyphics was lost.
E) Royal names were among the first words written in
hieroglyphs to be deciphered
33. At the end of the 18th century, France was nearly
bankrupt after a series of costly wars. ----. While the
country faced starvation, King Louis XVI and the
nobility lived in luxury, and rumours spread that they
were storing grain that the poor desperately needed.
The French people had heard how the Americans
overthrew the rule of the British king in 1776, and as
the poor grew more dissatisfied, they demanded
change. In 1789, a sharp rise in the price of bread and
heavy taxes caused people to take action and the
French Revolution began.
A) French society was basically divided into three classes
before the Revolution.
B) Agricultural techniques used in France in the 18th
century were comparable to that of other countries.
C) Britain also had a ready supply of resources and raw
materials as well as plentiful food reserves.
D) To make matters worse, a bad harvest in 1788 left
much of the population short of food.
E) The new National Assembly promised to give power to
the common people.
34. Professional astronomers investigate not only
stars but everything to do with space - from the
meteors that burn up spectacularly as shooting stars
in Earths atmosphere and the planets of the Solar
System to distant galaxies billions of light years away.
Astronomy makes a rewarding hobby too, and many
amateur stargazers enjoy observing the night sky with
backyard telescopes or binoculars. ----. This is
because light takes such a long time to reach us from
distant objects in space. We see the Moon as it was
one and a quarter seconds ago and the stars as they
were hundreds of years ago.
A) Whenever astronomers observe the sky, they are
looking back in time.
B) Many ancient cultures followed the Sun and stars in
order to keep track of the time of the year.
C) Astronomers divide the sky into 88 segments, each
named after the constellation within it.
D) Today, space telescopes like Hubble give us
breathtaking views of distant objects in space.
E) People have been looking up at the night sky for many
years.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 8
35. (I) The human race is facing a sort of problem it has
never been up against before. (II) Not only are the
implications of climate change enormous, but the public
also seems unwilling to look the problem in the eye.
(III) Drastic action should be taken at some point in the
future, but without public support, governments will have a
hard time being able to do anything significant. (IV) Rich
countries are both responsible for the warming caused by
climate change and in far better position to cope with it
due to strong economies and comfortable lifestyles. (V) It
is a whole lot easier to take action if everyone agrees
there is actually something to take action about.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
36. (I) Life first stirred on this planet about three and a half
billion years ago. (II) At first, it was comprised only of the
simplest single-celled organisms. (III) Powered by
sunlight, these early life forms took carbon dioxide gas
and water from their environment and used these
materials to make carbohydrates as a means to produce
energy. (IV) Carbohydrates are essential elements for
carbon-based organisms to produce necessary energy to
continue their existence. (V) As a by-product they
released oxygen and therefore changed the atmosphere
over billions of years.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
37. (I) When a person eats too much, metabolism
favours fat formation. (II) The human body can digest a
wide variety of plant and animal tissues, converting these
foods into usable proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins
and minerals. (III) The digestive system takes in food,
processes it into particles that can be absorbed, and
excretes the undigested wastes. (IV) The particles
absorbed through the digestive system are transported
through the bloodstream so as to be available to the
whole body. (V) This provides the energy for activity as
well as the materials for body growth, maintenance and
repair.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
38. (I) The global climate is changing as it always has
species will go extinct as they always have other species
will prosper. (II) Humans may be influencing this change,
but they did not create the change. (III) Of course it is
important to monitor which changes are being influenced
by humans, but it must be remembered that change is
natural, and Earth will continue to change no matter what
humans may or may not do. (IV) Humans as a species
must accept this, and figure out how best to adapt to the
change, not how to control it. (V) Global warming is as
dynamic as many other earthly processes.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
39. (I) Ancient seafarers found their way by observing
landmarks, such as large rocks or trees, along rivers and
coastlines. (II) When out of sight of land, they derived
clues about their location by measuring water depth,
monitoring wind patterns and waves, and observing the
positions of the Sun and stars. (III) Later, navigators
developed tools to measure a ship's position and
progress more precisely. (IV) These navigators used a
magnetic compass to determine direction, measured the
height of the Sun or stars on the horizon to fix their
position, and plotted their routes on maps. (V) People
can choose from a great variety of high-tech tools to
determine their position on Earth and find their way from
one place to another.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
40. (I) Obesity, diabetes, cancer, and heart failure seem
to be the curse of the world today. (II) It is easy to take
good health for granted, but if you do not take care of
yourself you will not be able to take care of anyone else.
(III) Doctors refer to these diseases as multi-factorial,
which simply means that many different things can put us
at risk of developing them. (IV) Some, like genetics, we
cannot do much about, but most of the risk factors for
these and many other conditions are entirely in our own
hands. (V) How we live our lives, what we eat and drink,
and how we handle stress all play a part in how healthy
we are, and even how we will live.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
41. (I) Science and technology are interdependent,
but their basic goals differ. (II) The goal of science is
to understand natural phenomena, while the goal of
technology is generally to apply scientific knowledge
for some specific purpose. (III) Scientists often speak of
discoveries, whereas engineers and other technologists
more often speak of inventions. (IV) Moreover, the
discovery of the structure of DNA more than 50 years
ago and subsequent achievements in DNA science led
to various technologies of DNA engineering. (V) The
ones deriving benefits from those inventions also include
scientists putting new technology to work in their research.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
42. (I) Many people choose to take a daily multivitamin
as a form of nutritional health insurance, because today's
refined and processed foods often lack nutritional value.
(II) In these situations, a multivitamin can initially make
up for any possible shortfall in your diet. (III) Multivitamin
intake may also help boost the immune system against
infections and other minor illnesses. (IV) For instance,
a recent study showed that a regular multivitamin and
mineral supplement improved the immune system and
reduced the risk of infections in a group of elderly people.
(V) The vitamin A is usually synthesized from vegetable
sources and therefore is suitable for vegetarians.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 8

Today, the world faces a growing crisis over the

management of its great rivers. In recent years, most of 45. The attitude of the author is ----.
the great rivers in the world, such as the Yellow River in
China, the Indus, the Colorado, and the Nile, have all A) appreciative B) sarcastic C) neutral
periodically run empty because mankind has used their
every last drop. Indeed, there is a tremendous unmet D) pessimistic E) ironic
demand in the world for water. More than a billion people
lack access to clean drinking water, and while it is hoped
that this figure will be halved by 2020, nobody is sure
where the water will come from. With todays trends,
almost one-third of the world population will be seriously
short of water by 2050. Politicians in China, India,
Pakistan, Egypt and other water stressed countries want
their water engineers to find solutions and immediately.
46. One concludes from the passage that efficient
management of the water resources of the world is
essential ----.

A) if the growing worldwide demand for water is to be

met adequately

43. In the passage, there is a clear warning that, ----.
A) sooner or later, water shortages could lead to
serious political crises in China and other countries
B) despite the solutions proposed by water engineers,
the people of China, India, Pakistan, and Egypt will soon
face a serious shortage of water
C) unless more precautions are taken, more than a
billion people will have almost no access to water in the
near future
B) and the waters of the Nile and the Indus, in particular,
must not be used so wastefully
C) since China and India, with their large populations,
are heading for a serious shortage of water well before
2020
D) as one-third of the population in China is unable to
get clean drinking water
E) in order to maintain political stability in the countries
most affected by an acute shortage of drinking water

D) so long as politicians remain indifferent to the growing

water crisis in the world, most countries will be unable to
provide clean drinking water for their people

E) by the end of the first half of this century, there will be

a severe water shortage affecting nearly 30% of the world
population 47. The underlined word tremendous is closest in
meaning to ----.

A) accurate B) eventual C) minute

D) massive E) inferior

44. According to the passage, the fresh water

resources of the world ----.

A) are largely confined to the Indus and the Nile

B) have been increased through the solutions proposed

by water engineers, and so the need for clean drinking
water will be met well before 2020 48. The underlined word seriously is closest in meaning
to ----.
C) are so limited that it is doubtful whether the number of
people with no access to clean drinking water can be A) amazingly B) accidentally C) slightly
halved, as hoped, by 2020
D) loosely E) severely
D) have become a major concern among politicians in
many countries and, therefore, new policies have been
proposed for an efficient management of the great rivers

E) need to be upgraded by 2050 in order to catch up

with the growth rate of the world population
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9

1. The nervous systems of all animals have a number 8. ---- the application of radioactive decay to dating
of basic functions in common, ---- the control of rocks, British geologist Arthur Holmes---- throughout the
movement and the analysis of sensation. 1920s on trying to understand the Earth's interior.

A) particularly B) promptly C) approximately A) To have pioneered / had worked

D) deniably E) fairly B) Having pioneered / worked
C) Pioneering / could work
2. Wangari Maathai, the founder of Green Movement, D) Being pioneered / would have worked
received the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize in ---- of her
innumerable contributions to world peace, human E) Pioneered / had been working
society and environment.

A) access B) division C) recognition

D) estimation E) injury
9. In theory, same gender siblings ---- with the same
selection of chromosomes, but the odds of this
happening ---- about one in 125 trillion.
3. In a recent convention, United Nations has expressed A) could be created / would be
its commitment to work towards the ---- of all forms of
racism, racial discrimination, and intolerance faced by B) are created / had to be
people of African descent. C) had been created / may be
A) attempt B) distinction C) expenditure D) were created / should be
D) legislation E) eradication E) have to be created / must be

4. The prevalence of allergies, which ---- impair a

persons quality of life, has increased dramatically in
Europe and North America over the last decades. 10. In mammals, if the body becomes too warm, the
hypothalamus in the brain signals the sweat glands
A) diligently B) severely C) sparsely ---- it by ---- sweat.
D) publicly E) willingly
A) cooling / to release
B) to cool / releasing
C) to be cooled / being released
5. The earliest music for movies was played live in the D) having cooled / to be releasing
cinema to ---- the silent image and enhance its mood.
E) being cooled / to be released
A) receive B) diminish C) eradicate
D) accompany E) verify

11. On 25 August 2012, data ---- Voyager 1 indicated

that it became the first human-made object to enter
6. When the Great Recession severely hit economies in interstellar space, traveling further ---- anyone, or
the early 21st century, many companies restructured anything, in history.
and ---- thousands of workers around the world.

A) pulled off B) broke out C) laid offC) laid off A) off / about B) by / toward C) from / than
D) set up E) put out D) to / beyond E) for / through

7. Floods occur when heavy rain falls, ---- so much water 12. Tea reached France at the same time ---- other
that it cannot seep into the soil or flow away into rivers European countries, in the early 17th century, but its
and lakes or run into drains. consumption was initially confined ---- Paris.
A) coping with B) putting off C) resulting in A) as / to B) at / off C) to / for
D) emerging from E) switching to D) on / in E) for / out
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9

13. Authorities warn that ---- adequate aid is provided
for interventions that work, the health, education and
livelihoods of refugees will continue to deteriorate.
A) but B) so that C) unless
D) because E) even so
14. ---- the current and projected rate of climate change,
conservation efforts need to focus on promoting
resistance and enhancing resilience of ecosystems.
Although it could be argued that France has lost its position
of unrivalled power in the fashion history to Italy, the same
cannot be said about French perfume. (18) a 300year
history of making perfumes, French is still home to many of
the worlds bestselling perfumes. The French perfumes are
(19) developed in the town of Grasse located in the south
of France. Grasse has a long history of perfume production,
and until now, the perfume industry (20) hundreds of
people in the town. The success of Grasse as a perfume
manufacturer is (21) its Mediterranean climate in the south
that enables the cultivation of many different types of flowers
used to extract the perfume essence. (22) most modern
French perfumes rely more on chemical than floral essence,
inspiration for a perfume often comes from a natural source
such as rose or vanilla.

A) Even if B) Thus C) Whereas

D) Given E) Despite 18.

A) At B) Into C) With

D) From E) By

15. ---- male and female roles have become less sharply
differentiated in most societies than they were in the
past, we are today one step closer to achieve complete
gender equality. 19.

A) immensely B) abruptly C) concisely

A) Unless B) While C) Whenever
D) adversely E) vaguely
D) Because E) Until

20.

A) was employing
16. ---- providing calcium and protein, consuming too
much milk does not provide a net health benefit and may B) is employing
even hinder their long-term survival prospects.
C) employs
A) Besides B) Though C) Due to D) has employed
D) Thanks to E) Despite E) had employed

21.

A) in comparison with B) due to C) as well as

17. The study of quality of life is important ---- because it
D) rather than E) in spite of
addresses threats to wellbeing, ---- because it sheds
light on the factors that keep older adults from excessive
reliance on public programs.

A) whether / or B) such / as C) not only / but also

22.
D) so / that E) much / than

A) Whenever B) Unless C) In case

D) Even though E) Once
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9
23. Even though nearly all people are equipped with the
biological hardware to produce a wide range of notes,
----.
A) many neurobiologists have investigated musical ability
B) most people are quite good at timing and note memory
C) the relationship between song and language needs to be
studied
D) musical talent, especially singing, varies between human
beings
E) some people with musical aptitude carry a tune easily
24. As bacterial diseases are highly infectious upon
close contact, ----.
A) epidemics such as the swine flu and the avian flu had
been taken under control
B) most governments warn people to avoid public areas
like shopping malls and other places
C) it will take a century to make people know about the
possible dangers of the epidemic
D) deliberate contamination may be another reason why
they spread easily
E) the diversity of such infections is actually seen in
underdeveloped regions
25. ----, other changes such as habitat destruction and
hunting threaten individual species.
A) While global warming, acid rain and holes in the ozone
layer can affect the entire life on the planet
B) Because life first appeared on the Earth more than 3,5
billion years ago
C) Although volcanoes erupt and meteorites hit the Earth
D) As soon as atmospheric gases become part of the
water cycle and are carried by the wind
E) Though it is difficult to adapt to the harmful materials
released into the environment
26. Known as the oldest existing, and continually
operating educational institution in the world, ----.
A) it was incorporated into Morocco's modern state
university system in 1963
B) the claim of the university being the oldest in the world
are subject to discussions as other institutions
C) teaching is still delivered in the traditional method, in
which students are seated in a semicircle
D) in some sources, the medieval madrasa is described as
a university
E) the University of Karueein, founded in 859 AD, was one
of the leading spiritual and educational centers of the time
27. ---- so long as fierce political controversies remain
in the region that retard growth and efficiency.
A) The entire continents seem doomed by political struggle
and a variety of social unrest
B) Southern states in Africa may never enjoy economical
prosperity and social reforms
C) A great deal of work has to be performed to rehabilitate
fundamental services
D) Most are still hindered by heavy working conditions and
social inequity in Africa
E) Affairs such as terrorism and apartheid have been out
of question for a long time in the region
28. Whenever we pick up a newspaper or turn on the TV,
---- .
A) there are, of course, numerous noneconomic forces that
determine and mould our decisionmaking process
B) there are clear lines between economics and politics
C) it is natural that economics constitutes a significant
percentage of our media coverage
D) generally politics is defined as the art of government and,
as such, is seriously concerned with economics
E) we are likely to be bombarded with facts and figures on
such subjects as pollution, unemployment and inflation
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9
29. Whales and dolphins produce complex underwater
sounds to communicate with each other, but scientists
have yet to unravel their meanings.
A) Balinalar ve yunuslar birbirleriyle iletiim kurmak iin
karmak sualt sesleri retirler, ancak bilim insanlar bu
seslerin anlamn henz zemediler.
B) Balinalarn ve yunuslarn birbirleriyle iletiim kurmak
amacyla gelitirdikleri karmak sualt seslerinin anlamlar
bilim insanlar tarafndan hl zlemedi.
C) Bilim insanlar hl balinalarn ve yunuslarn birbiriyle
iletiim kurmak amacyla rettikleri karmak sualt seslerinin
anlamlarn zmeye alyorlar.
D) Balinalar ve yunuslar tarafndan birbirleriyle iletiim
kurmak amacyla gelitirilen karmak sualt seslerinin
anlamlar bilim insanlar tarafndan hl zlmeye
allyor.
E) Bilim insanlarnn hl anlamn zmek iin uratklar
konularn banda, balinalarn ve yunuslarn birbirleriyle
iletiim kurmak amacyla rettikleri karmak sualt sesleri
gelmektedir.
30. Getting regular exercise might be beneficial for
reducing the risk, or delaying the onset, of Alzheimer,
because neurons in the brain regenerate throughout life.
A) Beyindeki sinir hcreleri yaam boyu yenilenebildikleri iin
Alzheimer riskini azaltmak veya balangcn ertelemek iin
dzenli egzersize balamak yararnza olabilir.
B) Dzenli egzersiz yapmak Alzheimer riskini azaltmak veya
balangcn ertelemek iin yararl olabilir, nk beyindeki B) It is predicted that thanks to the cable and satellite industry
sinir hcreleri yaam boyunca yenilenirler.
C) Alzheimer riskini azaltmak veya balangcn geciktirmek
istiyorsanz dzenli egzersiz yapmal ve beyindeki sinir
hcrelerinin yaam boyu kendini yenileme zelliinden
yararlanmalsnz.
D) Beyindeki sinir hcreleri yaam boyunca kendini
yenilediinden dzenli egzersiz yapmak hem Alzheimer
riskini azaltma hem de balangcn geciktirme konusunda
fayda salar.
E) Dzenli egzersiz yapmak Alzheimer riskini azaltma ve
balangcn geciktirmede faydal olduu gibi beyindeki sinir
hcrelerinin yaam boyu kendini yenilemesini de salar.
31. Whether somewhere is hot or cold is mainly to do
with how close it is to the equator, but other factors such
as ocean currents and altitude are also important.
A) Bir yerin scak veya souk olmas zellikle o yerin
ekvatora ne kadar yakn olduuyla ilgilidir, fakat okyanus
dalgalar ve deniz seviyesinden ykseklik gibi baka unsurlar
da nemlidir.
B) Bir yerin ekvatora yaknl zellikle o yerin scak ve souk
olmas konusunda etkilidir, fakat okyanus dalgalar ve deniz
seviyesinden ykseklik de nemli unsurlardandr.
C) Bir yerin scak veya souk olmas o yerin ekvatora olan
yaknlyla dorudan ilikilidir, fakat okyanus dalgalar ve
deniz seviyesinden ykseklik de bu konuda nemli unsurlar
arasndadr.
D) Bir yerin scak ve souk olmas o yerin ekvatora olan
yaknlna baldr, fakat okyanus dalgalar ve deniz
seviyesinden ykseklik de dier nemli unsurlar arasndadr
E) Bir yerin scak veya souk olmas o yerin ekvatora yakn
veya uzak olmasnn yan sra okyanus dalgalar ve deniz
seviyesinden ykseklik gibi baka unsurlarla da ilikilidir.
32. Kablo ve uydu endstrisi, filmlerin yksek kapasiteli
sunuculara yerletirilecei ve mterilerin istedikleri
zaman bu filmleri sipari edebilecekleri dijital bir gelecek
ngrmektedir.
A) According to the predictions made by the cable and
satellite industry, films will be placed on high capacity
servers, and customers will be able to order those films when
they want.
in the digital future, customers will be able to order films
when they want if those films are placed on high capacity
servers.
C) The cable and satellite industry envisions a digital future in
which films will be placed on high capacity servers and
customers will be able to order those films when they want.
D) In the digital future that the cable and satellite industry will
create, customers will be able to order films when those films
are placed on high capacity servers.
E) High capacity servers with films placed on them are
predicted by the cable and satellite industry to create a digital
future where customers will be able to order films when they
want.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9
33. Etkileimcilik, bir btn olarak toplum yerine kk 35.
lekli etkileim zerinde younlamas bakmndan Jim: - I have been reading an article about Barbarossa
ilevselcilik, Marksizm ve birok feminist teoriden
farkldr.
A) What makes interactionism different from functionalism,
Marxism and most feminist theories is that it centres around
smallscale interaction instead of society as a whole.
B) The main difference between interactionism and
functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories is that it
focuses more on smallscale interaction than society as a
whole.
C) Interactionism differs from functionalism, Marxism and
most feminist theories in that it focuses on smallscale
interaction rather than society as a whole.
D) If interactionism centred around society as a whole
instead of smallscale interaction, it would be different from
functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories.
E) Functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories are
different from interactionism as they study society as a whole
rather than smallscale interaction.
34. Jeolojik kantlar iklim deiiklii srasnda ykselen 36.
deniz seviyelerinin erozyona sebep olmu olabileceini
ve bu erozyonun okyanuslardaki kalsiyum ve potasyum
gibi maddelerin seviyelerini arttrdn gsteriyor. I've seen a very interesting advertisement about a
A) Geological evidence suggests that rising sea levels during
the climate change must have caused erosion, increasing the
levels of substances such as calcium and potassium in the
oceans.
B) According to geological evidence, rising sea levels during
the climate change may have caused erosion that led to an
increase in the amount of substances like calcium and
potassium in the oceans.
C) Geological evidence shows that rising sea levels triggered
by the climate change might have caused erosion that
increased the amount of substances like calcium and
potassium in the oceans.
D) Geological evidence shows that rising sea levels during
the climate change could have caused erosion, and this
erosion boosted the levels of substances such as calcium
and potassium in the oceans.
E) It has been shown by geological evidence that rising sea
levels during the climate change could have caused erosion
that increased the levels of substances like calcium and
potassium in the oceans.
these days.
Nancy: - Barbarossa? The notorious raider and the
merciless sailor of the Ottoman?
Jim:
Nancy: - Alright, it seems I have been misinformed about
him.
A) Never. He actually led many naval campaigns mostly
under the rule of Suleiman the magnificent.
B) On the contrary. Barbarossa was the invincible admiral
of the Ottoman Navy and became one of viziers of the
empire.
C) I think you have a point there. He seems to have been
of European origin and then converted to Islam.
D) Yes and that is why I have been reading about him
lately. Would you also be interested in it?
E) I think that took a little more time than we know since
fame does not merely come with such victories.
Mother:
color-boosting detergent.
Daughter:
I also saw that ad. Do you think it can actually make the
colors of your clothes brighter?
Mother:
---------
Daughter:
I doubt that. I think it's just a marketing tactic to
deceive people and make more profit.
A) Perhaps they just want to show off their product.
B) Actually, I've no idea about how it works.
C) It's just another way of cheating customers.
D) Well, they say it has additional chemicals that make the
colors more intense.
E) There is no difference between this type of detergents and
ordinary ones.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9
37. Second language learners can memorize new
vocabulary much more readily when they learn them
through pictures or mental imagery.
A) While learning languages, repeating new words rather
than creating mental images helps students to remember
new words with less effort.
B) Learning new words by means of images and pictures in
the mind enables students of foreign language to remember
them far more easily.
C) If second language learners memorize new skill much
better, they will be able to create mental imagery and
pictures.
D) Visualizing, which is creating mental pictures, help
improve vocabulary skills of those who desire to learn
another language better.
E) Once students learn and memorize new words, then they
can effortlessly create images and pictures of their mind.
38. For a glimpse of what Earth might be like without its
protective magnetic shield, we just have to look at the
lifeless surface of a world like Venus.
A) We can never fully understand what Earth will look like
without its protective magnetic shield unless we look at the
surface of a dead world like Venus.
B) If we want to see the future effect of a lack of protective
magnetic shield on Earth, we can look at the other examples
of worlds which have a dead surface, such as Venus.
C) To see how Earth is protected without a protective
magnetic shield, the only thing to do is to analyze the dead
surface of a world, such as Venus.
D) In order to have an idea of what Earth may be like without
its protective magnetic shield, we just have to observe the
dead surface of other worlds, such as Venus.
E) Venus is the best example with its lifeless surface to help
us look at what Earth might be like without the magnetic
shield which protects it.
39. Most people are discouraged by setbacks, and this is
why they fail to achieve their goals.
A) Even though most people are dispirited by hardships, they
still struggle to reach their aims.
B) As they become disappointed by problems, many people
either meet their goals or do not succeed.
C) The reason why most people do not attain their objectives
is that they are disheartened by difficulties.
D) Whether or not they get discouraged by setbacks, most
people fail to achieve their goals.
E) For many people, being demoralized by setbacks does not
mean that they will not reach their goals.
40. The efficiency of renewable energy alternatives
is currently nowhere near as high as experts and
general public might expect it to be.
A) Experts and normal people tend to think that the
efficiency and productivity of renewable energy sources
will never be higher than current figures.
B) Much as renewable energy experts and public claim
that effectiveness of such sources are somewhat higher
than expected, this is not the case today.
C) Unless general public and those specialized in
renewable energy expect high efficiency, these power
alternatives can never more efficient than now.
D) The efficiency of renewable power alternatives is at the
highest level in history, which was not expected either by
experts or general public.
E) Today, renewable power resources have an efficiency
level much lower than the expectations of specialists and
common people.
41. More than 99% of all species that have ever lived on
Earth are now extinct. ---- For the rest, something more
dramatic happened. They perished during relatively
short-term mass extinction events that killed off large
numbers of species worldwide. However, a tiny creature
called tardigrade, also known as water bear, is widely
accepted as master of survival. They are tiny, measuring
about 1 mm long, and they can be found anywhere from
the depths of the ocean to your backyard. They can
survive in the most extreme conditions, including the
cosmic radiation of space, 10 years without water, and
intense volcanic heat. Tardigrades have been living on
this planet a lot longer than we have -about 500 million
years, and that they have survived all five of the recent
mass extinctions on this planet.
A) This is the form that a tardigrade undergoes when there is
a severe lack of oxygen
B) Under some circumstances, the tardigrade's metabolic
rate sinks to a hundredth of a percent of its normal rate
C) Most were viable upon return, including some with
unshielded exposure to solar radiation.
D) The vast majority of these died out, because they could
not compete successfully or they failed to adapt to changes
in their environment.
E) In 2007 NASA experiment, dormant tardigrades were
exposed to vacuum and cold of open space for 10 days.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9
42. Little was known in the past about the economic life
of Hittite Anatolia. ---- For instance, we now know that the
mining of such metals as copper, lead and silver, and
that the metallurgical techniques used were relatively
well advanced. Among agricultural activities, sheep
farming was the most common, while in some districts
horses were bred. In daily life, bread and beer were the
staple foods in addition to dairy products.
A) On the other hand, the Hittites had a considerable
reverence for the law.
B) However, some facts about the Hittite economy have been
established in recent decades.
C) In fact, every Hittite subject, except the members of the
privileged class, was forced to assist in such public works as
the upkeep of roads and temples.
D) The Hittites first occupied central Anatolia, making their
capital at Hattusha.
E) Evidently, regulations in the Hittite civil code protected
farmers, and some prices were fixed.
43. In ancient times, the most commonly used building
style was the post and lintel. This way of building was
of course limited in the weight it could carry and
therefore the span between the supports. ----. With
these methods, the Romans were able to construct
bigger temples and buildings than ever before. Roman
architects used three types of columns throughout
their long history. The first and most basic type was
called the Doric Style.
A) Arches were used not just for their immense support
capabilities but as well for their power to amaze and glorify
B) The Roman Architecture changed all of it and advanced
this by introducing new methods of architecture; The
Columns and The Arches
C) Early engineering and construction methods were
limited and thus only simple sized constructions could be
erected
D) Romans were notable for not only their military skills,
but also for their knowledge in engineering
E) The superiority of Romans in fine arts actually
dependent on several distinct artistic methods.
44. Mona Lisa is a 16th century portrait painted in oil
on a popular panel by Leonardo da Vinci during the
Italian Renaissance. The work is owned by the
Government of France and is on the wall in the Louvre
in Paris. It is perhaps the most famous and iconic
painting in the world. ----. The ambiguity of the sitter's
expression, the monumentality of the half-figure
composition, and the subtle modeling of forms and
atmospheric illusionism are qualities that have
contributed to the painting's continuing fascination.
A) Da Vinci began painting the Mona Lisa in 1503, during
the Italian Renaissance and, according to Vasari.
B) The painting is a halflength portrait and depicts a
woman whose expression is often described as enigmatic
C) Mona Lisa was not well known until the mid19th
century when artists of the emerging Symbolist movement
began to appreciate it.
D) These illustrations stem from a description by Giorgio
Vasari in his biography of Da Vinci published in 1550, 31
years after the artist's death
E) At his death in 1525, da Vinci's assistant Salai owned
the portrait named in his personal papers la Gioconda,
which had been transferred to him by the artist.
45. ----. Various gods, myths, and superstitions are just
a few examples that our ancestors believed in. Ancient
man probably had many reasons to account for such
phenomena. Moreover, despite the contemporary
scientific gadgets and data, we are actually no
different from them whatsoever. Ghosts, fairy tales
and several creatures were believed to exist until
recent years. Aliens from outer galaxies and UFOs are
just recent examples of todays supernatural beliefs.
A) Religions and particular beliefs were dominant in
ancient civilizations until the rise of modern sciences.
B) How the unknown or paranormal occurrences should be
defined is a controversy
C) The unknown, or the undefined, has always been
charming for people from the early man to the modern one
D) The more one believes in superstitions, the more he will
be involved in undefined phenomena
E) Mythology and legends are now by no means any
appeal to people
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 9
46. (I) Materials that are to be used for teaching young
learners should be associated with their overall development
level. (II) With standardized test scores in the US dropping in
recent years, some administrators believe students need to
spend more time in the classroom instead of on playground.
(III) However, findings show that exercise and academics
may not be mutually left aside. (IV) Physical activity can
improve blood flow to the brain, memory, attention and
creativity, which are essential to learning. (V) So, while it may
seem as if children are just exercising their bodies when they
are running around, they may actually be exercising their
brains as well.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
47. (I) The 1990s represented an economic boom provided
by the socalled Asian Tigers, South Korea, Malaysia and
Taiwan. (II) China and Venezuela became dominant in
international politics. (III) Low costs of labor and low taxes
made those Asian countries undeniable for international
producers. (IV) Moreover, local governments provided
these producers many privileges that they cannot enjoy
anywhere else. (V) Today, the rate of their economic
prosperity seems far above than it used to be by 1990s.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
48. (I) Nowadays, a tide of new technologies such as PCs,
tablets and smart phones has brought a great change in
society. (II) These devices have increased the amount of
information available and improved access to information.
(III) What had once been accessible only to the powerful
became accessible to all. (IV) Many people have difficulty in
keeping up with the complexity and control of these new
devices. (V) They make it easier for people to exchange
information and people became more aware of what is
happening around.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
49. (I) With the Renaissance, came a revival of interest in the
art of cooking. (II) One of the reasons for this was the
invention of the fork, which made sophisticated dishes,
unsuited for eating by hand, possible. (III) In the Dark Ages,
the art of cooking had declined in Europe. (IV) However,
people in Elizabethan England scorned the fork, preferring to
continue using their hands. (V) Thus, the developments in the
culinary arts only took effect in England at a later date.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
50. (I) Ancient seafarers found their way by observing
landmarks, such as large rocks or trees, along rivers and
coastlines. (II) When out of sight of land, they derived
clues about their location by measuring water depth,
monitoring wind patterns and waves, and observing the
positions of the Sun and stars. (III) Later, navigators
developed tools to measure a ship's position and
progress more precisely. (IV) These navigators used a
magnetic compass to determine direction, measured the
height of the Sun or stars on the horizon to fix their
position, and plotted their routes on maps. (V) People
can choose from a great variety of hightech tools to
determine their position on Earth and find their way from
one place to another.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
51. (I) Many people claim that they can remember being in
the womb or their first two years of life, but it is doubtful
that these are genuine memories. (II) At five months old,
the human fetus weighs under 500g but has fully
developed lips, eyes, fingers, and toes. (III) Claims may be
based on children feeling as if they were at the age of one
or two years. (IV) Most adults can remember events only
as far back as the age of 3 or 4 years. (V) Young children
often remember further back, but these early memories
generally fade away as they grow older.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
52. (I) Climate is an average weather pattern that occurs
in a set area over many years. (II) Communities of plants
and animals are different as a result of the climate they
develop in. (III) There are five main groups of such
communities, or biomes: water, deserts, forests,
grasslands, and tundra. (IV) Most of these biomes can be
broken down further: for example, there are coniferous
forests, deciduous forests, and tropical rainforests. (V) The
size and location of Earths biomes has changed very
slowly over geological time.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
53. (I) The length of each lunar cycle varies slightly from
the average value. (II) The earliest complete calendars
were mostly based on lunar observations. (III) However,
lunar years were not convenient for agricultural purposes.
(IV) Thus, to keep in step with the Sun, lunarsolar
calendars were formed by adding an additional "leap"
month when the observation of crops made it seem
necessary. (V) Eventually, solar calendar calculated
without reference to the Moon became the most popular
method of measuring years.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 10

1. For the first time, a robot has successfully operated 8. Designed to provide aerial surveys for farmers, a new
on live soft tissue without human ----. solar drone ---- like a helicopter and transforms into a
plane in mid-air to fly all day on solar power.
A) abduction B) disruption C) liberation
A) breaks up B) signs out C) logs in
D) intervention E) revelation
D) takes off E) pulls through

2. The use of seat belts is ---- in many developed 9. University of Technology in the Netherlands have ----
countries, so failure to wear them while driving may an augmented reality app intended to reduce aggressive
result in serious monetary penalties. behaviour in traffic by improving communication
between drivers.
A) impolite B) merciless C) compulsory
A) laid off B) caught on C) got away
D) sensible E) invasive
D) dropped out E) come up with

10. Bees cognitive abilities are of interest to artificial

3. An abstract is a ---- form of an academic article, and
intelligence researchers, some of whom ---- computer
journals publish abstracts so that readers can decide if
models of insects brains to help learn how nature
it is worthwhile to read the full version of the article.
creates complex behaviour.
A) concise B) debatable C) tangible
A) give away B) wipe out C) set up
D) ordinary E) addictive
D) pass out E) take after

11. Most immigrants aim ---- their economic situation,

4. An automated teller machine (ATM) is an electronic
which involves ---- employment in their new destination
device that enables people to perform transactions,
country.
such as cash ---- and money transfer, without the need
for a human cashier or bank teller.
A) improving / to find
B) to be improving / having found
A) hiring B) ponder C) complete
C) to have improved / to be finding
D) judgment E) withdrawal
D) to improve / finding
E) having improved / to have found

5. Scientists think that there is a possibility that

cigarette smoking and caffeine ---- are linked through 12. Despite ---- extinct for 40,000 years, genetic legacy
habit that smokers tend to pair the two. of Neanderthals still ---- what illnesses some people
develop and how their immune systems work.
A) symptom B) consumption C) equation
A) are / had affected
D) delusion E) quarrel
B) being / affects
C) to have been / must affect
D) is / would affect
6. Created by researchers at Microsoft and Cambridge
University, a machine learning system has gained the E) to be / to affect
---- to write its own code.

A) ability B) routine C) fracture 13. Research shows that making all cigarette packets
D) descend E) piece look the same ---- the positive feelings smokers
associate with specific brands and ---- quitting.

A) reduces / encourages
7. As part of planetary defense against asteroids,
telescopes can ---- huge ones, so we can avoid an B) to reduce / to encourage
asteroid impact if we see it coming. C) having reduced / encouraging
A) invent B) cease C) detect D) were reduced / had encouraged
D) reside E) faint E) should have reduced / encouraged
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 10

14. It might not be practical to use a different password Artificial intelligence has a new job: setting a good example
for every website that you log ----, but it is definitely for your kids. It seems that childrens behaviour (21)---- by
worth having more than one ---- security reasons the personality of a robot companion. Playing with an
enthusiastic or attentive robot, (22)----, made them engage
A) to / among B) from / to C) towards / with
more and work harder. Researchers ran a series of (23)----
D) for / between E) into / for with Tega, a companion robot that looks like a cross (24)----
a Furby and a Teletubby. To test how the robots personality
could affect the childrens behaviour, they programmed the
15. The Amazon Rainforest is famous ---- its stunning robot with different responses. Their goal was to create a
diversity of plants along ---- its considerable number of companion that has all of good behaviours (25)---- they
animal species.
could instill and promote desired traits in the child.
A) in / off B) for / with C) by / amid
D) of / on E) among / at

21.
16. Researchers have been closely monitoring turtles to
A) had to influence
gather information about reproduction patterns of this
endangered species ---- it becomes extinct in the wild. B) used to influence
C) can be influenced
A) provided B) thanks to C) besides
D) would be influenced
D) in case E) except for
E) should have influenced

17. Lions and tigers are strikingly similar large cats

looking ---- they belonged to the same species, but they
are actually considered different species as they do not
breed naturally to produce fertile offspring. 22.
A) for instance B) according to
A) so that B) as if C) even though C) as long as D) however
D) now that E) despite E) on behalf of

18. ---- how good the food we eat is, if it is not well
digested, absorbed into the blood and assimilated into
the cells, we can develop nutritional deficiency. 23.
A) indulgences B) sanctions C) experiments
A) However B) Until C) No matter
D) resentments E) resignations
D) Although E) Because

19. ---- ancient sites and artifacts can be analysed to

24.
learn about ancient human behavior, todays personal
possessions can be studied to learn about recent A) across B) through C) along
human behavior. D) between E) without

A) Just as B) Since C) Prior to

D) In spite of E) Now that

25.
20. Matriarchy is a form of social organization ---- the A) in that B) now that C) given that
mother or oldest female is the head of the family, and
descent and relationship are reckoned through the D) such that E) so that
female line.

A) whose B) of which C) whom

D) where E) who
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 10
26. Although almost every type of packaged food today
features calorie counts on the labeling, ----.
A) their counts are based on our understanding of human
digestion
B) many people do not eat them when they pay attention to
the calorie content
C) our immune system distinguishes good food from bad
food
D) most of them are inaccurate because they ignore the
complexity of human digestion
E) our digestive system is hardly put to use for some foods
such as honey
27. Though plays were being written as early as 300
BC, ----.
A) the Greek audiences view of the stage was framed
by the landscape and sky
B) Roman theatres included large amphitheatres for
the audience which could be built into hills
C) the action of the play took place on a raised stage or
pulpitum
D) the first permanent theatres where they could be
staged properly were not built until much later
E) the function and proportion of theatrical elements
changed significantly
28. Some firms provide special services for frequent
buyers such as encouraging repeat business with
discounts ----.
A) because their previous experience may not be relevant
B) so that making purchases from them becomes a part of
the customers routine
C) although this practice is similar to the process of problem
solving
D) when consumers face a really new concept
E) as it does not confirm how long this offer will be valid
29. Enthusiasts in some countries had been building
small rockets and thinking about space travel for
many years, ----.
A) which went on to launch the first astronauts on the
Redstone rocket in 1961
B) therefore most of this work involved building large
rockets for actual space travel
C) whereas a Russian teacher worked out many of the
principles of rocket science 50 years ago
D) but it was a team of scientists and engineers in
Germany that finally made the dream a reality
E) even though they had been fascinated by the idea of
space travel since their childhood
30. Perhaps the major reason why people do not
exercise is ----.
A) they love the idea of losing weight and being healthy
again
B) but most do not realize this reason deters them from
engaging in physical activity
C) which sedentary life style prevailing all around the world
D) despite the common misconception that one can lose
weight through strict dieting
E) that they generally associate it with sweat-soaked clothes
and physical exhaustion
31. ----, a study at Harvard University shows that it
30.
actually enhances social connections.
A) While playing computer games is sometimes seen as a
solitary hobby
B) Even if in most cases where the couple played together,
games actually aided the relationship
C) Because human behaviour is heavily influenced by
environmental and social pressures
D) Though children facing morally ambiguous situations in
games can develop their own moral compass
E) When games about society could help test how different
cultural backgrounds
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 10
31. Reconstructing a skull is a time-consuming and
32.
costly process, ----.
A) though the anatomist uses two techniques that are
common in forensic science as well
B) because modern humans and chimpanzees share all the
main facial muscles
C) so biologists have now sequenced the modern human
genome, namely all the genetic code
D) unless the same techniques are used by scientists to
reconstruct the faces of missing people from their skulls
E) but scientific interest in human evolution is so intense that
the expenditure of time and money is justified
32. Switching to clean energy might seem like an
33.
expensive option, but it can quickly pay off.
A) Because it is uncertain whether switching to clean energy
can lead to success in a short time, it is thought to be an
expensive option.
B) Directing ourselves to clean energy might not be
considered an expensive option if it could bring satisfactory
results in a short time.
C) What makes switching to clean energy seem to be an
expensive option is that it gives good results in a short time.
D) Within a short period of time, the cost of benefiting from
clean energy might prove to be less expensive.
E) It may appear to be an expensive choice; however,
shifting to clean energy can result in success in a short time.
33.
34. Knowing how to read a dream or daydream to unlock
its symbolism and understand its multiple meanings
is a process not unlike reading a novel or a poem.
A) Reading a novel or a poem and having the knowledge
to interpret a dream or daydream in order to unravel the
symbolism and comprehend its multiple meanings are
similar processes.
B) The knowledge of how to reveal the multiple symbolical
meanings of dreams or daydreams and the process of
interpreting a novel or a poem are not alike at all.
C) The knowledge to interpret a dream or daydream and
unravel the symbols and multiple meanings is far from
similar to the process of reading a novel or a poem.
D) The difference between the process of interpreting a
dream or daydream and reading a novel or a poem is that
one of them requires the knowledge to comprehend multiple
meanings to reveal the symbolisms.
E) Unlike reading a novel or a poem, interpreting a dream
or daydream through the revelation of the symbols and the
comprehension of multiple meanings is a process.
34. Kaydetme ve hesaplama daha karmak hale
35.
geldike bugn kullandmz saylar ve ondalk say
sistemini douran birok say sistemi gelitirilmitir.
A) Because recording and calculating became more
complex, many numerical systems were developed, which
influenced the numerals and the decimal system of our time.
B) As recording and calculating became more complex,
many numerical systems were developed, leading to the
numerals and the decimal system we use today.
C) More complex recording and calculating methods led to
various numerical systems, which gave rise to the numerals
and the decimal system we use now.
D) Once recording and calculating became more complex,
several numerical systems including the numerals and the
decimal system that are still in use today were created.
E) The numerals and the decimal system we use today were
created by various numerical systems that were developed
as recording and calculating became more complex.
35.
36.
Professor:
- Apart from being an ambiguous subject area, Cultural
Studies also lacks its own principles, theories or
methods.
Student:
- Excuse me, Professor. I'm not sure if I understand. If
Cultural Studies doesn't have its own theories or
methodology, how does it actually function?
Professor: -------------
Student:
- Now it makes sense. Thank you!
A) Yes, Cultural Studies is practically impossible to define,
but it doesn't mean that anything can be its subject.
B) Well, it does have its own very distinct and distinctive
history as well as principles.
C) Good question. That's why Cultural Studies is often
described as an "anti-discipline".
D) It might sound problematic, but Cultural Studies aims to
examine its subject matter in terms of its relation to power.
E) Very effectively indeed because Cultural Studies takes
whatever it needs from any discipline and adapts it for its
own purposes.
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 10
36. Psychology is a branch of science dealing with the
37.
workings of the mind, its defects and how it influences
human behaviour. Psychotherapy, therefore, attempts to
use our understanding of psychology to benefit people
with mental health issues or full-blown mental illness.
----. The procedure is purely verbal; no use is made of
medication.
A) A psychotherapist will talk with the patient to try to get to
the root of their thought processes and their emotional state
B) A psychotherapist can prescribe psychotherapy for
patients as well as other treatments such as medication
C) Psychotherapists tend to differ in their approach to this
kind of therapy
D) There is no well-established theory to explain why we
humans are so prone to analyzing the mind
E) Practitioners in this field chart how the psychological
outlook of human beings varies with age
37.
38. Malaria has killed more humans than anything else
in history. Up to a million people still die of the disease
each year. Since the 17th century, doctors have tackled
it with a series of medications. ----. For that reason, the
most effective treatment today is a cocktail of drugs.
A) The first successful cellular drug against malaria contains
12 genes from three different organisms
B) The World Health Organization estimated the financial
burden of malaria to be hundreds of billions of dollars
C) Attempts to cure people with malaria using a single type
of medicine have not traditionally been very successful
D) A strain of malaria resistant to a mixture of new drugs has
been isolated in Cambodia and the Far East
E) Studies of cheaper and more effective malaria drugs
seem promising
39.
38. The shelf life of donated blood is short, just 42 days,
and during emergencies, even a large supply can
quickly run out. To prolong blood's useful life, hospitals
can freeze it, but they rarely do so because technicians
need to add glycerol, which prevents ice from ripping
the red blood cells apart. ----. Therefore, in order to keep
stocks high, hospitals must rely on a constant stream of
donors, a system that is less than reliable.
A) The trouble is that it is toxic and must be removed before
the blood is used, a process that can take several days
B) A recently found ingredient used in eye drops can protect
frozen blood cells for a very short time
C) Not all hospitals approve of defrosting as it is time
consuming for patients who need emergency treatment
D) Allowing hospitals to stockpile huge amounts of blood is
becoming a highly controversial issue
39. (I) The horse originated in North America nearly two
40.
million years ago and spread to Eurasia over the Bering land
bridge. (II) Then, about 10,000 BC, horses vanished from
the New World, possibly killed for food by humans who had
come to the continent from Eurasia. (III) Spanish horses
captured in the 1680 Pueblo Revolt were traded to other
tribes, helping the horse move north. (IV) When the horse
returned with European colonists, it transformed the culture
of many tribes. (V) In time, Native Americans and settlers
developed new breeds.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
40. (I) Perhaps more than any profession, science places an
41.
importance on being correct, but mistakes can push
scientific understanding forward. (II) Acknowledging errors in
scientific studies may not often be key to advancement.
(III) Historians have unearthed many instances in which an
incorrect idea proved far more potent than thousands of
others that were widely accepted. (IV) Moreover, mistakes
that touch on deep features of the world can be more
valuable in the long run than narrowly correct ideas.
(V) Niels Bohr, for example, created a model of the atom
that was wrong in nearly every way, but it inspired the
quantum-mechanical revolution.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
41.
42. (I) Vegetables are composed primarily of simple and
complex carbohydrates, water, and very little protein.
(II) They provide vitamins, minerals, and non-nutrients,
and also contribute appetite appeal to a meal through color,
texture, and flavor. (III) Cooking time for vegetables should
be kept to a minimum to preserve nutrients and retain
flavour. (IV) In general, light green vegetables provide
vitamins, minerals, and a large amount of the carbohydrate
cellulose. (V) Yellow and dark green vegetables are
excellent sources of vitamin A.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
43.
42. (I) Most egg-laying animals go to great lengths to give
their developing offspring the best start in life by protecting
them from the weather and from predators. (II) The
developing egg is protected by a tough, leathery capsule.
(Ill) Rather than abandoning eggs or young unable to fend
for themselves, a parent can adopt one of several methods
to protect them. (IV) It might carry its eggs around, place
them in tough protective cases, or gather them in a safe
haven, such as a nest, over which they stand guard. (V) A
nest can be anything from a scrape in the sand or the
underside of a rock to a complicated structure that the
parents have taken many days to build.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
YDS 2017 MN DENEME 10

The idea that Native Americans could have built something
resembling a city was so foreign to European settlers that
when they encountered the Cahokia Mounds in Illinois in
Midwest America, they thought they must have been the
work of a foreign civilization: either the Phoenicians or the
Vikings. Even today the idea of a Native American city runs
so contrary to American notions of Native life that no Anglo-
Saxon American can absorb it. The first person to write an
account of the Cahokia Mounds, the earliest and finest city
built by indigenous people, was Henry Brackenbridge in
1811. When he reported his discovery, likening it to Egyptian
pyramids, newspapers widely ignored it. He complained of
this to his friend, former president Thomas Jefferson, and
the word of "Cahokia" did eventually get around.
Unfortunately, most Americans were not very interested. The
United States was trying to get Native Americans out of the
way, not appreciate their history. The Indian Removal Act of
1830 which ordered the relocation of eastern Native
American tribes to the lands in the west of the Mississippi
was based on the assumption that these native peoples
were nomadic savages with no ability to make good use of
land. Evidence of an ancient city, close to the size of
Washington, D.C. at that time, would have spoiled the story
line.
45. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
46.
A) there were times in the history of America that European
settlers noticed and protected the Cahokia Mounds
B) Americans failed to appreciate the Native Americans
capacity to build something worthy of praise
C) American presidents as well as newspapers were fearful
of a discovery of a native city
D) European settlers and their descendents tended to
interpret the past great works of native civilizations
E) Americans generally worked hard to protect the history
and welfare of the Native Americans
46. In the passage, the fact that the descendants of the
47.
European settlers cannot come to terms with the
accomplishments of the Native Americans shows that
----.

A) they have had a fixed, predetermined and prejudiced

attitude towards the Native Americans
43. It can be understood from the passage that
44.
during the 1800s ----. B) the Anglo-Saxon approach to the native tribes is complex
and unbiased in nature
A) European society appreciated the genius behind the
historic cities built by Native American tribes C) people living in Midwestern America think in a way that
resembles those of Europeans
B) eastern Native American tribes were forced to relocate to
places to the east of the Mississippi River D) no civilization other than the Phoenicians and the Vikings
could construct big cities like Cahokia
C) most Americans including journalists were not interested
in hearing anything positive regarding Native Americans E) the way the Native Americans had lived for centuries has
little to offer to European Americans
D) Native Americans were unable to make good use of the
land as they were nomads and savages

E) journalists and presidents saw Native American tribes as

an obstacle to urban land development
48.
47. The author's attitude towards the behaviour of
American public against Native Americans is ----.

A) humorous B) critical
C) impartial D) appreciative
45.
44. It can be inferred from the passage that, if news of
the discovery of a big Native American city had spread E) enthusiastic
throughout America ----.

A) the newspapers would have been eager to publicize the

beauty of the Cahokia Mounds

B) journalists across America would have wanted to

interview the discoverer, Henry Brackenbridge
48. The underlined word appreciate in the passage is
49.
closest in meaning to ----.
C) ordinary people would have had difficulty endorsing the
Indian Removal Act of 1830
A) assimilate B) consume C) surrender
D) the government may not have been able to remove the
D) recognise E) captivate
Native American tribes from their land so easily

E) most Americans would have respected the Native

Americans for their civilized attitude
YDS 2017 MINI TESTLER CEVAP ANAHTARI
TEST 1 TEST 4 25. C 18. C 52. A
1. B 1. E 26. B 19. A 53. A
2. E 2. B 27. E 20. B
3. C 3. B 28. E 21. A TEST 10
4. C 29. C 22. C
4. A
5. A 30. C 23. C 1. D
5. D 31. C 24. A 2. C
6. C
6. C 7. D 32. D 25. C 3. A
7. D 8. A 33. D 26. C 4. E
8. A 9. C 34. A 27. E 5. B
9. D 10. D 28. E 6. A
10. A 11. E TEST 7 29. E 7. C
12. D 1. D 30. A 8. D
11. D
13. A 2. E 31. A 9. E
12. B 3. D 32. D 10. C
14. C
13. E 15. A 4. C 33. D 11. D
14. C 16. E 5. C 34. A 12. B
15. B 17. E 6. B 35. D 13. A
16. E 18. B 7. A 36. D 14. E
17. B 19. C 8. C 37. A 15. B
20. D 9. B 38. E 16. D
18. A
21. C 10. E 39. E 17. B
19. E 22. B 11. C 40. B 18. C
20. C 23. D 12. B 41. D 19. A
24. D 13. D 42. E 20. D
TEST 2 25. B 14. B 43. E 21. C
1. C 26. D 15. D 44. C 22. A
2. E 27. A 16. A 45. D 23. C
28. D 17. C 46. A 24. D
3. D
29. C 18. B 47. D 25. E
4. A 19. C 48. E 26. D
30. D
5. D 31. A 20. E 27. D
6. B 32. A 21. A TEST 9 28. B
7. C 33. D 22. D 29. D
8. B 23. A 1. A 30. E
9. A TEST 5 24. C 2. C 31. A
1. A 25. E 3. E 32. E
10. A
2. E 26. C 4. B 33. E
11. E 27. B 5. D 34. A
3. D
12. C 4. B 28. A 6. C 35. B
13. A 5. C 29. E 7. C 36. E
14. D 6. B 30. B 8. B 37. A
15. C 7. A 31. C 9. A 38. C
16. E 8. C 32. E 10. B 39. A
9. B 33. B 11. C 40. C
17. B
10. B 34. C 12. A 41. B
18. C 35. D 13. C 42. C
11. C
19. A 12. E 36. E 14. D 43. B
20. B 13. A 37. C 15. D 44. C
21. E 14. E 38. A 16. E 45. D
22. D 15. A 39. B 17. C 46. B
16. E 40. E 18. C 47. A
23. D
17. E 41. B 19. A 48. B
24. B 42. A 20. D 49. D
18. E
25. A 19. B 43. E 21. B
26. A 20. A 44. E 22. D
21. C 45. A 23. D
22. D 46. B 24. B
TEST 3 47. B 25. A
1. C TEST 6 48. C 26. E
1. D 49. B 27. B
2. D
2. A 50. C 28. E
3. E 51. D 29. A
3. E
4. E 4. B 52. D 30. B
5. B 5. C 53. C 31. A
6. A 6. E 54. E 32. C
7. A 7. C 33. C
8. C 8. D TEST 8 34. D
9. A 1. E 35. B
9. E
10. E 2. C 36. D
10. A 3. D 37. B
11. A
11. C 12. C 4. C 38. D
12. A 13. D 5. D 39. C
13. C 14. E 6. E 40. E
14. E 15. E 7. B 41. D
16. B 8. A 42. B
15. E
17. B 9. D 43. B
16. A 10. B 44. B
18. E
17. C 19. D 11. D 45. C
18. A 20. B 12. C 46. A
19. C 21. D 13. E 47. B
20. B 22. A 14. B 48. D
21. E 23. A 15. A 49. C
24. B 16. E 50. E
22. A
17. B 51. B