DETRITAL = DETACHED FROM

EPICLASTIC = DERIVED FROM THE SURFACE

TERRIGENOUS = FROM THE EARTH

  
 
  

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QUARTZ-PEBBLE CONGLOMERATE
GRANITE-COBBLE BRECCIA
RUDITES & PSEPHITES
 NO FOSSILS

PROVENANCE
 COMPOSITION

Mineral fragments occurring as major

components (5% or more)
Quartz, K-feldspar, Plagioclase feldspar, and
mica
Mineral clasts occurring as accessory
constituents (5% or more)

Moscovite - biotite, olivine, pyroxene,

amphibole, zircon, magnetite, and hematite

Rock fragments
Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary
rocks
 TEXTURE
Framework = clasts whose grain diameters exceed sand
size (>2 mm)
Interstitial space = pore spaces, detrital finer-grained
matrix, cement, water/oil, or natural gas

ORTHOCONGLOMERATES
Grain supported framework

PARACONGLOMERATES
More than 50% matrix.
SOME TEXTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

Sorting and modality

Shape, roundness, and grain surface

Fabric
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ORTHOCONGLOMERATES
PARACONGLOMERATES
 CLAST AND CEMENT COMPOSITION

Intraformational = presence of clasts that almost have the

same composition as that of the cement. This indicates .
E.G. Quartz clasts embedded in a siliceous matrix

Extraformational = presence of clasts that have a very

different composition as that of cement or matrix. This
indicates that
E.G. Basalt clasts embedded in calcareous matrix
 RESISTANCE OF CLASTS

Oligomict = clasts consist of fragments of only a few

varieties of resistant rocks and minerals E.G.
metaquartzite, quartz, chert

Petromict (polymict) = clasts of many different kinds of

metastable and unstable rocks are abundant. E.G. basalt,
slate, limestone, dolomite, shale

Quartz pebble oligomictic orthoconglomerate

Slate cobble petromictic parabreccia
 Oligomict orthoconglomerates
imply decomposition and disintegration
of immense volumes of rock!
weathering?
 Petromict orthoconglomerates
are much abundant and occur in sequences thousands of
meters thick!
weathering?
 
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