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Derivation for beam stiffness matrix

Step 1 : Sign convention:

Step 2: Assume displacement function

Step 3: Express the simultaneous equations by an augmented


matrix:

|)
L3 L2

(
L 1 v2
3 L2 2 L 1 0 2
0 0 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 v1

| )
L3 L2

(
L 1 v2
3 3
0 L 2 v
L 2 L 2
0 0 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 v1
As a result,

All together:

Step 4: Applying beam theory

The above two function has been derived in Mechanics of Materials.


Eventually, by substituting the boundary conditions again, we obtain
the following equations:
Step 6: stretch the equations into matrix form

Consequently,

12 6 L 12 6 L
2
EI 6 L 4 L 6 L 2 L
2

[k ] 3
L 12 6 L 12 6 L
2
6 L 2 L2
6 L 4 L

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