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  • Tugas 1 Petrologi Filzha

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    Filzha Leemin
    7 vues3 pages
    This table provides useful criteria for distinguishing igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks by comparing their typical examples, characteristic minerals, textures observable in hand specimens, common structures observable in the field, other features, and geographic and geologic positions of outcrops in 3 sentences or less. It outlines that igneous rocks form from cooling magma and have interlocking crystals, sedimentary rocks form from compressed particles and have layers and fossils, and metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary but were changed by heat and pressure and retain traces of their original structures.

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    This table provides useful criteria for distinguishing igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks by comparing their typical examples, characteristic minerals, textures observable in hand specimens, common structures observable in the field, other features, and geographic and geologic positions of outcrops in 3 sentences or less. It outlines that igneous rocks form from cooling magma and have interlocking crystals, sedimentary rocks form from compressed particles and have layers and fossils, and metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary but were changed by heat and pressure and retain traces of their original structures.

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    7 vues3 pages

    Tugas 1 Petrologi Filzha

    Transféré par

    Filzha Leemin
    This table provides useful criteria for distinguishing igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks by comparing their typical examples, characteristic minerals, textures observable in hand specimens, common structures observable in the field, other features, and geographic and geologic positions of outcrops in 3 sentences or less. It outlines that igneous rocks form from cooling magma and have interlocking crystals, sedimentary rocks form from compressed particles and have layers and fossils, and metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary but were changed by heat and pressure and retain traces of their original structures.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme DOCX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 3

    TABLE

    Useful Criteria for Distinguishing Igneous , Sedimentary , And ,


    Metamorphic Rocks

    Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

    Typical Examples

    Granite Shale Gneiss


    Gabbro Sandstone Schist
    Peridotite Limestone Marble
    Basalt Conglomerate Quartzite
    Rhyolite, etc Tillitle , etc Slate , etc

    Characteristic minerals

    Orthoclase Mostly quartz , calcite , or Staurolite


    mostly clay minerals
    Perthite Mineral of chemical and Kyanite
    organic precipitates
    Microcline Halite Andalusite
    Plagioclas Sylvite Sillimanite
    Quartz Gypsum Cordierite
    Nepheline Anhydrite Garnet
    Leucite Glauconite Zeosite
    Hornblende Chert Wollastonite
    Augite Carbonat, etc , Tremolite
    Biotite Cholorite
    Muscovite Graphite
    Olivine Talc , etc

    Typical texterus observable in hand specimen


    Glassy , vesicular , Textural changes in bands Cristaloblastic , brecciated ,
    amygdaloidal , granitoid , laterally and vertically granulated , augen , mortar ,
    gabbroic , diabasic , Fragmental , oolitice , flaser , hornfelsic
    graphic , porphyritic , pisolitic , porous , angular ,
    miarolitic , etc subangular , rounded , and
    sorted grains
    Common structures observable is the field

    Coloumnar joints , Well sratified , Parallelism of mineral grains ,


    spheroidal weathering , crossbedding , mud banding , foliation , lineation
    occasionally , banded , cracks , ripple marks , schistosity , Seconadary
    folition , flow , etc footprints , concretions , cleavage independent of
    septaria , bedding , bedding , interlocking grains ,
    lamination , lenses , distorted pebbles , crystals ,
    fassility etc Bent cleavage , minor
    folds , and faults

    Other Features

    Tightly interlocking grains Disseminated minerals , Retain traces or relics of


    Unsossiliferous. loose ,friable boulders , original of structures of
    pebbles , cements. sedimentary or igneous rocks
    Fossiliferous : well- from which the metamorphic
    preserved or fragmentary. rocjs wer formed .
    Extremely poorly sorted Fossils only rarely present ,
    ( tillite and till ) distorted

    Geographic and geologic positin of outcrop

    1. Precambrian teranes 1. Widespread and 1. In Precamrian terranes


    2. Orogenic belts characterized by made up peg essentially of
    3. Sporadic outcrops stratification and granite gneiss , migmatit
    4. Occupy dikes , siils ,
    sorting , wide lateral ( mixed rock) , and
    laccoliths , lopoliths ,
    extent , intercalations pegmatitic injection
    phacholiths , stocks , 2. In inner , originally deep-
    with known sediments
    batholiths , etc., seated zones of eroded
    and gradations to them
    breaking across other fold mountain chains ;
    both laterally and
    rocks. Massive , rocks mayshow gradual
    vertically
    irregular shape , chilled 2. Formation shows change in degree or grade
    borders marked and regular of metamorphism
    5. Volcanoes , lava flows 3. Aureoles araound
    difeferences in
    lithologic composition sporadic igneous
    3. Bodies of sedimentary intrusions ; rocks may
    rocks may be display zonal arrangement
    described as afan , 4. Along narrow zone of
    delta , sheet , blankets, intense deformation such
    lens, wedge, as the sole of thrust
    shoestring, and prism

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