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High Voltage
What is high voltage? Why is it needed?
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High voltage
Potential, V:
Electrical location of a point according to a
reference.
unit: volt
Voltage, U:
unit: volt
Potential, V:
Electrical location of a point according to a
reference.
unit: volt
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Alternating voltage
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Direct voltage
Direct Voltage
Impulse voltage
Impulse Voltage
High voltage
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Technical Data
0216- 0216-
Catalogue Number
70 80
Long-rod Insulator
Avg. Flashover 90
Wet Power Frequency Voltage / kV
Withstand 81
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1 kV < U 52 kV
Medium Voltage, MV
52 kV < U 300 kV
High Voltage, HV
300 kV < U 800 kV
Extra High Voltage, EHV
800 kV < U
Ultra High Voltage, UHV
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In Egypt:
Medium Voltage: 11, 22 kV
High Voltage: 66, 132, 220 kV
Extra High Voltage: 500 kV
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High DC voltage
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Historical development
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High voltages
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AC
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DC
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HV SOURCES
HVDC: CW GENERATOR-CASCADE GENERATOR
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Safety
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VOLTAGE LEVELS
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CURRENT
Reaction limit, 0.5 mA Causes small muscular
cramps.
Cramp limit, 10 mA
A human being can suffer short-duration higher
current without damage.
Children and women are more sensitive to the
effects of current than men.
There are also significant individual
differences.
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SYMPTOMS
Slight muscular cramps, slight nervous
disorders, increase of blood pressure
Stronger cramps, you cannot break free of the
live equipment
Ventricular fibrillation and dropping of blood
pressure
Loss of consciousness
Contraction of heart
Slight skin burns
Serious skin burns, poisoning of nerve cells
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Ventricular Fibrillation
AC is more dangerous than DC or impulse
voltages
When the frequency of the current is 50-60 Hz,
the most common cause of death is the
ventricular fibrillation.
During the ventricular fibrillation the blood
pressure decreases and there is lack of oxygen
in lungs and brains.
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Standards
EN 50110-1: Operation of electrical installations
Importance of the professional skills, how to
give advise for the work and how to be sure that
the voltage is not on.
List of operations, which are allowed for
professionals to perform as live work.
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Electrical Safety
Two approaches for protection against electric
shock
Prevent (accidental) contact to live parts
Limit voltage and current duration or maintain
exposed voltage below dangerous levels
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Grounding (Earthing)
Grounding is essential for the safe operation of
networks
(Power) System earthing functional earthing and
protective earthing of a point or points in an electric
power system (IEC)
Functional earthing earthing a point or points in
a system or in an installation or in equipment, for
the purposes other than electrical safety (IEC)
Component included in the electrical circuit (e.g.
LV neutral point) is earthed.
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Overhead Lines
Overhead line accidents occur most often on 20 kV
lines.
Large number of 20 kV lines
Situated close to residential areas
Not as easy to notice as large transmission lines
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