LSB282 Student-generated Questions

Cancer

Question 1

Which is NOT a characteristic of tumour suppressor gene activity (p53)?

a) Stopping cell cycle

b) DNA repair
c) Apoptosis
d) Secretion of growth factors

Question 2

Cancers choose which two main routes to spread in the body?

a) Blood and coronary vessels

b) Blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
c) Arteries and tissues
d) Skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a feature of malignant cancer cells?

a) Slow growing
b) Fast growing
c) Invasive
d) Undifferentiated

Question 4

How do metastasised cancer cells move through the body?

a) Through the blood

b) Through the lymphatics
c) Through the blood and the lymphatics
d) None of the above

Question 5

How are proto-ocogenes altered in cancer development?

a) Becoming active oncogenes, promoting proliferation and tumour growth

b) Becoming inactive oncogenes, promoting proliferation and tumour growth
c) Becoming active tumour suppressor genes
d) Becoming inactive tumour suppressor genes

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Question 6

Is cancer always caused by being born with a faulty gene?

a) Yes
b) No
c) Almost always
d) Never

Question 7

What hormone produced by the kidneys has an influence on red blood cell production?

a) Erythropoietin
b) Progesterone
c) Human growth hormone
d) Cytosol

Question 8

What is a characteristic of a benign tumour?

a) Invasive
b) Undifferentiated
c) Slow growing
d) Fast growing

Question 9

Which of these is NOT a modifiable risk factor for cancer?

a) Obesity and sedentary lifestyle

b) Genetics
c) Alcohol consumption and smoking
d) Hyperglcaemia, hyperinsulinaemia

Question 10

Benign tumours:

a) Are non-invasive and do not spread

b) Have capacity to invade surrounding tissue
c) Extend beyond the tissue of origin
d) Metastasise or spread to other sites

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Question 11

Metastasis generally occurs in which type of tumour?

a) Benign tumours
b) Malignant tumours
c) Both malignant and benign
d) Neither malignant or benign

Question 12

Malignant cancer has:

a) Rapid growth and non-capsulated

b) Rapid growth and capsulated
c) Slow growth and non-capsulated
d) Slow growth and capsulated

Question 13

Which is NOT a feature of a benign tumour?

a) Slow growth
b) Cells well differentiated
c) Not metastasise
d) Usually become life threatening

Question 14

What is NOT a feature of a malignant tumour?

a) Slow growth
b) Rapid growth
c) Loss of cell differentiation
d) Can metastasise

Question 15

What is a local clinical features of advanced stage cancer?

a) Anorexia
b) Anaemia
c) Pain
d) Infection

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Question 16

Cancer is:

a) Acute infection
b) A chronic disease
c) Apoptosis/cell death
d) Confined to one part of the body

Question 17

Is drinking regular soft drink (which contains sugar) the same as a diet soft drink, in regards to insulin
secretion?

a) No, you only secrete insulin with the diet softdrink, not the regular one
b) No, you only secrete insulin with the regular softdrink, not the diet one
c) Yes, there is no insulin secreted with either drink
d) Yes, the sweet taste results in insulin secretion with both drinks

Question 18

What is metastasis?

a) Gain more blood vessels to fuel new cells

b) The start of cancer forming
c) Migrating and spreading to different places
d) Cancer cells forming the first area

Question 19

Insufficiency of what leads to anaemia?

a) Thrombocytes
b) Leucocytes
c) Platelets
d) Erythropoietin

Question 20

Which is/are a carcinogen?

a) Infectious agents and lifestyle factors

b) Tumour suppressor genes
c) Proto-oncogenes
d) Macrophages

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Question 21

What is NOT a risk for cancer?

a) Exercise
b) Obesity
c) Smoking
d) Stress

Question 22

What do proto-oncogenes do?

a) Regulates cell growth and division in normal cells

b) Promotes uncontrolled excessive abnormal growth and division of cells
c) Slows down growth and directs DNA to repair
d) Loss of brakes and controls and corrections to DNA and growth

Question 23

What is an example of tumour suppressor gene?

a) p33
b) p53
c) p54
d) p63

Question 24

What are the most common sites for metastasis to occur?

a) Brain, lungs, pancreas, heart

b) Bowel, brain, lungs, heart
c) Liver, lungs, heart, bowel
d) Liver, lungs, bone, brain

Question 25

What are the three characteristics that define cancer cells?

a) Growth, speed, size

b) Shape, colour, speed
c) Angiogenesis, growth, size
d) Growth, angiogenesis, metastasis

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Question 26

What are the characteristics of a malignant tumour or cancer?

a) Slow growth, not invasive, good prognosis

b) Rapid growth, invasive, poor prognosis
c) Rapid growth, does not metastasise, good prognosis
d) Poor prognosis, well differentiated cells, slow growth

Question 27

Choose the right classification for malignant tumour:

a) Slow growth
b) Rapid growth
c) Have defined capsule
d) Does not metastasise

Question 28

What is NOT a classification of a benign tumour?

a) Lack capsule
b) Slow growth
c) Well defined capsule
d) Non-invasive

Question 29

What is apoptosis?

a) Cell repair
b) Cell growth
c) Cell death
d) DNA replication

Question 30

Which statement is correct about benign and malignant growths?

a) Benign growths are more severe than malignant growths

b) Benign growths and malignant growths do no metastasise in the lungs
c) A benign growth isnt invasive and a malignant growth can metastasise
d) Both types grow rapidly with a good prognosis

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Question 31

Cancer differs from a benign tumour as:

a) Cancers usually result from the accumulation of multiple mutations

b) Cancers are not neoplasms
c) Cancer cells are well differentiated
d) Cancer cells respond to the normal growth signals

Question 32

What is cancer metastasis?

a) Form new blood vessels

b) Spread to other organs or tissues
c) Does not spread to other organs or tissues
d) Cell growth and multiplication is stopped

Question 33

Which is the most likely place for colorectal cancer to metastasise?

a) Lungs
b) Pancreas
c) Brain
d) Stomach

Question 34

Formation of new blood vessels is known as:

a) Angiogenesis
b) Metastasis
c) Mutations
d) Anorexia

Question 35

What is NOT a characteristic of a benign tumour?

a) Slow growing
b) Good prognosis
c) Lack capsule
d) Non-cancerous

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Question 36

Name what inactive tumour suppressor genes do:

a) Promote cell growth and division

b) Slows down metastasis
c) Repairs DNA
d) Loss of brake on cell growth and division

Question 37

What are the most common sites for cancer metastasis?

a) Liver, lungs, bone and brain

b) Toes, fingers, knees
c) Heart, breast, stomach
d) Breast, skin, pancreas

Question 38

Which normal regulatory gene promotes growth and division?

a) Proto-oncogenes
b) Tumour suppressor gene
c) Active oncogenes
d) Inactive tumour suppressor gene

Question 39

What is NOT a characteristic of a malignant tumour?

a) Usual rapid growth

b) Can invade blood vessels and lymph nodes
c) Can metastasise
d) Non-invasive

Question 40

Diet soft drinks contain no sugar, so is there a release of insulin?

a) Yes, due to taste receptors

b) No, there is no sugar so no insulin is released
c) Only a little amount of insulin is released
d) Insulin is not secreted in the presence of glucose

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Question 41

What is NOT a characteristic of a malignant tumour?

a) Rapid growth
b) Metastasise
c) Invasive
d) Cells well differentiated

Question 42

What is a tumour suppressor genes (p53) role or function?

a) Produces macrophages to kill cancer cells

b) Slows down proliferation and can repair cell DNA when damaged
c) Prevents apoptosis
d) Produces proteins

Question 43

What factor relates to a benign tumour?

a) No capsule
b) Metastasis
c) Rapid growth
d) Slow growth

Question 44

What is NOT a characteristic of malignant cancer?

a) Cells well differentiated

b) Can metastasise
c) Usually rapid growth
d) Lack capsule

Question 45

What increases the risk of cancer?

a) Lifestyle
b) Gender
c) Menopause
d) Hypoglycaemia

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Question 46

Where are the checkpoints of cell cycle?

a) M and T
b) M0 and M1
c) G1 / S and G2/M
d) G1 /G2 and S/M

Question 47

What lifestyle factor increases the risk of cancer?

a) Obesity
b) Active lifestyle
c) High intake of fibre
d) Low blood sugar levels

Question 48

What is erythropoietin responsible for?

a) Protein production
b) Angiogenesis
c) Carcinogenesis
d) Red blood cell production

Question 49

What do proto-oncogenes do?

a) Regulate cell growth and cell division

b) Tumour suppressor
c) Duplicate DNA
d) Cause the synthesis phase of the cell cycle

Question 50

The prefix angio is to do with what?

a) Kidney
b) Lungs
c) Liver
d) Blood

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Question 51

What is a key feature of a malignant tumour?

a) Has a well defined capsule

b) Often not life threatening
c) Doesnt have access to nutrients or blood supply
d) Can metastasise

Question 52

Which of these is NOT a modifiable risk factor of cancer?

a) Cachexia
b) Carcinogen
c) Ionizing radiation
d) Iatrogenic exposure

Question 53

Which of these characterise a benign tumour?

a) Lacks capsule
b) Invasive
c) Slow growth with well defined capsule
d) Rapid growth

Question 54

Define proto-oncogenes:

a) A mass or growth which can arise from normal tissue

b) Irregular cell growth and division
c) Inheritance of mutated genes
d) Regulate cell growth and division

Question 55

Which is NOT a feature of malignant tumour?

a) Rapid growth
b) Capsule
c) Can metastasise
d) Invasive

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Question 56

Which of these statements is incorrect regarding malignant tumour or cancer?

a) Slow growth
b) Lack capsules
c) Loss of cell differentiation
d) Can metastasise

Question 57

Define angiogenesis:

a) Chest pain
b) Blood test
c) Blood vessels
d) The growth of new blood vessels

Question 58

Where are the checkpoints located within the cell cycle?

a) G1/ S and G2 / M
b) G1/ M and G2 / S
c) G1/ S and M
d) Mitosis, meiosis and DNA synthesis

Question 59

What is the correct order of the cell cycle?

a) G1 cell growth, S DNA synthesis, G2 cell growth, M mitosis

b) G1 cell growth, M mitosis, S DNA synthesis, G2 cell growth
c) M mitosis, G1 - cell growth, S DNA synthesis, G2 cell growth
d) G1 cell growth, G2 cell growth, S DNA synthesis, M mitosis

Question 60

What is the name of the main tumour suppressor in the body?

a) B52
b) p58
c) p53
d) proto-oncogene

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Question 61

What is the correct order of checkpoints within the cell cycle?

a) G2/S, G1/M
b) G1/M, G0/S
c) G0/M, G0/S
d) G1/S, G2/M

Question 62

What is a tumour suppressor gene?

a) Tongue
b) p53
c) 5p3
d) Page 53

Question 63

Which of these is incorrect?

a) Erythropoietin is produced by the medulla oblongata

b) Anaemia is a result of decreased iron in the blood
c) Erythrocytes carry oxygen
d) Erythrocytes use anaerobic respiration

Question 64

Which of the following is incorrect?

a) Benign tumours are composed of well differentiated cells

b) Benign tumours are invasive and can spread
c) Malignant tumours are undifferentiated
d) Malignant tumours grow rapidly

Question 65

Which of the following is correct in relation to malignant cancer?

a) Non-invasive and do not spread

b) Encapsulated
c) Invasive and fast growth and metastasise
d) Lack a blood supply

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Question 66

What is the classification of a benign tumour?

a) Slow growth
b) Lack capsule
c) Can metastasise
d) All of the above

Question 67

What is the function of p53 in cell division?

a) Increase glucose
b) Page 53 in textbook
c) Increase insulin
d) Tumour suppressor

Question 68

What is FALSE regarding a benign tumour?

a) Not invasive
b) Lack capsule
c) Can invade
d) Life threatening

Question 69

Which of the following is at least risk of having a cancer?

a) A person who works under the sun 8 hours, 5 days a week

b) A person who is fit but his father has died from cancer
c) A person who smokes more than 1 packet of cigarettes a day
d) A person who exercises daily and has a balanced diet

Question 70

Which is not a factor for having a cancer?

a) Hypoglycaemia
b) Lifestyle
c) Environmental factors
d) Genetics

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Question 71

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a benign tumour?

a) Loss of cell differentiation

b) Slow growth
c) Well defined capsule
d) Non-invasive

Question 72

What 4 organs does metastasis usually affect?

a) Brain, heart, kidneys, bone

b) Brain, bone, liver, lungs
c) Heart, kung, brain, skeletal
d) Bone, blood, liver, kidney

Question 73

Normal proto-oncogenes regulate what?

a) Cell DNA repair

b) Apoptosis
c) Tumour growth
d) Release of red blood cells from bone marrow

Question 74

What is NOT a job of tumour suppressor genes?

a) Directs DNA repair

b) Induces apoptosis
c) Slows cell growth
d) Promotes cell growth

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1d 51 d
2b 52 a
3a 53 c
4c 54 d
5a 55 b
6b 56 a
7a 57 d
8 c 58 a
9b 59 a
10 a 60 c
11 b 61 d
12 a 62 b
13 d 63 a
14 a 64 b
15 c 65 c
16 b 66 a
17 d 67 d
18 c 68 c
19 d 69 d
20 a 70 a
21 a 71 a
22 a 72 b
23 b 73 a
24 d 74 d
25 d 75
26 b 76
27 b 77
28 a 78
29 c 79
30 c 80
31 a 81
32 b 82
33 a 83
34 a 84
35 c 85
36 d 86
37 a 87
38 a 88
39 d 89
40 d 90
41 d 91
42 b 92
43 d 93
44 a 94
45 a 95
46 c 96
47 a 97
48 d 98
49 a 99
50 d 100

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