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Administrative agencies like the SEC are tribunals of limited jurisdiction. SEC has original and exclusive
jurisdiction to hear and decide controversies arising out of intra-corporate or partnership relations between
and among stockholders, members or associates. It only has the power to issue preliminary or permanent
injunction, whether prohibitory or mandatory, in all cases in which it has jurisdiction.
How can we determine the quantum of judicial or quasi-judicial powers that an admin agency can exercise?
It is defined in the enabling act.
Tatad vs Garcia
Government officials are presumed to perform their functions with regularity and strong evidence is
necessary to rebut this presumption.
the terms of the agreements were arrived at after a painstaking study by DOTC. The determination by the
proper administrative agencies and officials who have acquired expertise, specialized skills and
knowledge in the performance of their functions should be accorded respect absent any showing of
grave abuse of discretion.
Sanders vs Veridiano
Even under the law of public officers, the acts of the petitioners are protected by the presumption of good
faith. Mistakes concededly committed by such public officers are not actionable as long as they were not
motivated by malice or gross negligence amounting to bad faith.
Beautifont vs CA
The legal presumption is that official duty has been duly performed. This is a presumption that respects the
correctness of the acts and and determinations of admin agencies. The policy was adopted for courts not to
interfere therewith unless there is a clear showing of arbitrary action or palpable and serious error.
Courts of justice will not generally interfere with purely administrative matters which are addressed to the
sound discretion of government agencies unless there is a clear showing that the latter acted arbitrarily or
with grave abuse of discretion or when they have acted in a capricious and whimsical manner such that their
action may amount to an excess or lack of jurisdiction.