Form n

Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY

TRADE PROBLEM ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
Piling ECC run off (i) Piling platform not good - To prepare proper piling platform
(ii) Setting out not proper - Setting out to be checked by land surveyor
(iii) Survey reference point out - Reference point to be offset & rechecked by piler/supervisor
Pile head crack (i) Pile not vertical during driving - To check verticality of pile at every length
(ii) Pile driving hammer cushion worn out - To replace hammer cushion once worn out
(iii) Quality of pile is poor - Pile quality to be verified prior to hoist/pitching
(iv) Hammer does not hit the pile evenly/squarely - Ensure hammer hits pile evenly/squarely
(v) "Set" Value adapted are strict - Check/verify concrete strength of pile before piling
- Prepare method statement for repairing pile hacked in the
event it cracked
- Use only reasonable well estimated "set" and confirm capacity
by loading test
Pile out of verticality (i) Piling rigs leader/frame not monitored for verticality - To check piling rig leader/frame for verticality progressively
(ii) Pile jointing not properly aligned - Pile jointing to be properly aligned & square
(iii) Casing not monitored for verticality - Casing installed to check for verticality
Broken pile (i) Piles were not pitched using crane - Ensure all piles are stacked as close as possible to the piling point using cra
(ii) Careless during pitching process - Ensure piling rig is not used to drag piles which are placed too far from pilin
Earthworks Slope erosion (i) Expose to weather - Carry out turfing immediately after completion
(ii) No proper drainage - Provide drainage system at Berm and Toe of slope
(iii) No proper gradient - Should follow the gradient as given in construction drawing
(iv) Soft ground - To remove unsuitable materials.
Compaction test failed (i) Moisture content is not optimum - To ensure the earth is dry at optimum moisture content and clean
(ii) Test failed from debris
- Ensure compaction carried out as per specification
Boundary run off (i) Setting out not proper - Setting out to be properly checked by land surveyor
- Reference point to be offset and rechecked before
commencement

Page 1 of 16
 Form n
Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY

TRADE PROBLEM ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
Drainage Alignment and level (i) Setting out - Setting out to be properly checked by land surveyor
- Level pegs to be placed at suitable intervals and especially
nearby the sump locations.
Gradient (i) Improper bedding - Marking pad of gradient as per drawings to be laid before laying
the bedding material.
Roadwork Ponding (i) Improper Dipping - To ensure proper dipping before proceedings with successive
bases.
Blistering / Bleeding (i) Improper Mixes - To conduct trial mixes to check the quantity of bitumen in mix
Bumpiness (i) Improper compaction - To compact the bases at suitable temperature and as per
specifications.

Structural Honeycomb (i) Grout loss - To ensure form tightness

(ii) Insufficient vibration - To close all gap
(iii) Segregation due to improper placement - To ensure sufficient vibration with poker of suitable size.
(iv) Poker pulled out too early due to fast speed of - Height of concrete placement to follow specification
concrete placement & causing insufficient vibration. - Speed of concrete placement to controlled
(v) Semi-skilled workers using poker vibrator - Only skillled workers are allowed to use the poker vibrator
Crack (i) Premature stripping of formwork - Formwork dismantling to follow specification and concrete
(ii) Curing not done strength
- To ensure proper curing of concrete after removal of formwork
Bulging (i) Insufficient support - Ensure sufficient prop over the leveled and compacted base.
(ii) Insufficient strut - Ensure sufficient strut
(iii) Insufficient form tie - Ensure sufficient form tie
(iv) Formwork condition bad - Ensure formwork in good condition
(v) Over vibration - Competent works to ensure no over vibration
Rebar exposed (i) Insufficient spacer cubes - To ensure sufficient spacer cubes
(ii) Insufficient vibration - Vibration properly done around congested rebar area
Formwork skin peel (i) Using damaged or worn out formwork - To use only good condition formwork

Page 2 of 16

IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY
TRADE PROBLEM
Uneven surface
Out of alignment
Rubbish at column head &
construction joint
Brickworks Out of alignment
Irregular mortar joint thickness and
void
Insufficient exmet
Insufficient dowel bar
Insufficient water sprayed to wall
Insufficient light
Insufficient window opening
Lintel not to spec
Plastering Unevenness & unsquareness
Crack
Insufficient light
Insufficient level pegs
Form n
Rev. N
Issued Da
Total Pa
ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
(i) Using timber formworks for circular column - To use only steel formwork
(i) Formwork tie gave way - To ensure formwork tie are secured properly during before and during concr
(ii) Ground floor setting not correct due to disturbed control points - To protect all control points given and recheck with licensed surveyor
(i) Improper cleanliness - Close column head after clearing rubbish
- Clean & remove rubbish & loose aggregate from
construction joint area
(i) Wrong offset from control line - Check offset
(ii) Verticality not controlled - Plumb down control and verticality of the wall in progress to
be checked
(iii) Horizontality not controlled - Horizontal line to control mortar
(i) Unskilled labour used - Mock laying to be approved for skill & consistency
- Consistently carry out On The Job Training for new batch of workers
(i) Insufficient supervision - Strict supervision & reject non compliance, more On The Job Training
(i) Insufficient supervision - Strict supervision & reject non compliance, more On The Job Training
(i) Insufficient supervision and no back up power supply - Ensure sufficient lighting provided during bricklaying, more On The Job Tr
(i) Inconsistent clay brick size and interlocking - Use electrical cutter to provide sufficient opening
- Carefully select claybricks during bricklaying process
- Provide more On The Job Training for workers
(i) Insufficient supervision - Strict supervision & reject non compliance, more On The Job Training
(i) No level control - Alignment setting out
- Level peg
- To ensure skill workers are equipped with proper & sufficient tools
such as long trowel.
(i) Wrong mortar mix - Conduct mock up plaster on proper mixing & laying
- Proper curing
(i) Insufficient supervision and no back up power supply - Ensure sufficient lighting provided during plastering, more On The Job Trai
(i) Insufficient supervision - Ensure more On The Job Training carried out to workers
Page 3 of 16
 Plastering
Form n
Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY

TRADE PROBLEM ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
Patchiness (i) Variance in moisture content - Clean & correct wet surface before plastering
Efflorences (i) Usage of dirty water - To use potable clean water
Skim coating Trowel marks & unevenness (i) Uneven pressure applied during application of skim - To ensure skilled worker are employed for skim coating.
coat - To ensure base coat can cover up all rippled surface prior to final coat
Lumpy skim coat (i) Material not mixed evenly. Mixing of skim coat - To ensure material is evenly mixed by mechanical mixer
material not as per manufacturers specification. - To ensure material is mixed as per manufacturer's spec
Corners out of alignment (i) Worker not skill enough to ensure the corner - To ensure skilled worker are employed for skim coating.
alignment is well controlled

Painting Tonality (i) Improper mixing - To ensure material is mixed as per manufacturer's spec
Roughness (i) Tool are not conforming to manufacturers spec - To ensure tools used are according to spec & in good condition
(ii) Unskilled worker - To ensure skilled worker are employed for painting.
Peeling off/air bubble (i) Improper under coat and paint over damp surface - To ensure proper undercoat is being done.
(ii) Moisture of base is too high - To ensure dryness of plaster surface before painting
Fading/Poor Colour Retention (i) Use of an interior grade of paint for an outdoor application - To ensure correct grade of paint to be used on different environment
(ii) Use of a paint colour that is particularly vulnerable to UV
coat
(iii) Tinting a white paint not intended for tinting, or overtinting
a light or medium paint base
Efflorescence (i) Excess Moisture escaping through the exterior masonry wall - Sealing any cracks in the masonry with high quality water based all acrylic o
(ii) Use of a paint colour that is particularly vulnerable to UV siliconized acrylic caulk
- To perform moisture content test prior application
Waterproofing Leakage & seepage (i) Application of water proofing material not as per - To ensure method of application is as per manufacturer's spec
requirement of supplier's specification - To ensure closer supervision during water proofing works
(ii) Insufficient supervision when water proofing is being - To ensure sufficient lapping of water proofing material as per
carried out manufacturer's spec
(iii) insufficient lapping of water proofing material - To mark lap width from edge of membrane to ensure
(iv) Insufficient curing time allowed before allowing other sufficient lapping

Page 4 of 16
 Form n
Waterproofing Leakage & seepage Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY

TRADE PROBLEM ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
tradesmen to move in - To ensure sufficient curing time before other trademan moves in

Tiling Hollowness (i) Insufficient mortar infill - Ensure use of concrete tools
- To monitor method of laying
- Frequent control & supervision
Alignment (rat tail) (i) Not evenly distributed tile laying - Mark out gridlines
- Ensure skill level of tiler through mock laying
Jointing & pointing (i) Improper laying method - Mock laying to check competency
Protection (i) Nover provide plastic sheet/plywood as protection - Ensure plastic sheets/plywood as protection and carry out more On The Job
Unevenness (i) Unguided laying - Provide level marks & patches at suitable intervals
Gradient toward floor trap (i) Unskilled labour - Provide level marks & patches at suitable intervals
- Floor outlet protection & approved method
- Punitive system for errant subcon who damage outlet pipe
protection
- Closer supervision
Verticality (i) Unskilled labour - Ensure plastered surface is vertical and use spirit level to control verticality
(ii) Not using spirit level to check during laying of wall tiles laying of wall tiles
- Closer supervision and more On The Job Training
Installation of Gaps (i) Doors & window frames installed with insufficient - Ensure sufficient fish -tail anchors on doors & window frames
door & window fish -tail anchors. during installation
Out of alignment (i) Alignment of doors and windows not properly plumb - To check plumb & level using spirit level
and checked with spirit level.
Twisted door & window frame (i) No proper handing and storage of door and - To ensure proper handling & storage of door & window frames
window frames
Door & window not functioning (i) Door & window latches and hinges not properly - To ensure door & window latches & hinges are properly fixed
well installed
Sanitary & Leakage (i) Material used not to spec - Highlight problems to all related subcontractor on problem during
plumbing (ii) Damage by other tradesman coordination meeting

Page 5 of 16
 Form n
Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE
Sanitary & DECISIONS
Leakage TO IMPROVE QUALITY
plumbing
TRADE PROBLEM ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
(iii) Pipe sleeve off position - Shopdrawings available for pipe sleeve location
- Closer supervision
- Use only approved type material to be used
- As built drawing of concealed pipes provided to later tradesman
Blockage (i) Washing of waste cement into outlet pipes - Running water to be placed near garbage chute at corridor
(ii) Floor outlet not protected during construction to avoid washing activity within unit
(iii) Damage by other trade on floor outlet protection - Highlight to all related subcontractor on problem during
coordination meeting
- Method of protection of floor outlet to be approved
- Closer supervision and good coordination between other trade
sub -contractor
Roofing work Water leakage (i) Gaps between flashing / flashing, flashing / - Ensure sufficient screws and laps at joints.
roofing sheet and roofing sheet / roofing sheet. - Ensure sealant used is proper.
(ii) Holes in roofing sheet. - Ensure skillful correct position of screwing roofing sheet to purlins.
(iii)Too less overhang. - Proper seal off the hole of the hole has been formed.
(iv) ventilation pipe via roofing sheet. - Proper design and adhere to manufacturer's specification.
(v) (M&E) exhaust via roofing sheet. - Find other alternative if feasible correct design of flashing & use of sealant.
- Correct design of flashing eg. Flashing to extend to the top of sloping
roofing sheet
Out of alignment (i) Structural frames deviate frames right angles. - Ensure proper setting out of structural frames
Rusting (i) Nails, screws, washers etc. left over a roofing sheet. - Ensure nothing is left over.
(ii) Screws to roofing sheet not galvanised. - Use galvanised screws/ protective coats to screws
Sagging (i) Spacing of purlins too for apart. - Proper design required.
(ii) External loadings eg. Human being weight. - Proper planning and control.
- Movement of human on roofing sheet restricted in purlins location only.
Discolouration / fade. (i) Exposed to weather - Warranty from the manufacturer.
- To suit client requirements.
Surfaces in one plane (i) Improper level of purlins. - Ensure accuracy of level during constructions of purlins and roof beams /

Page 6 of 16
 Form n
Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY

TRADE PROBLEM
Surfaces in one plane ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
short columns supporting purlins.

Screeding work Water ponding (i) Surface uneven - Ensure leveling markers.
- Markers should not more than 1 meter apart.
- Proper gradient and ensure surface is smooth.

Crack and hollowness (i) Mortar stains on concrete slab surface - Ensure surface is clean and free from cement dropping.
(ii) Low cement content. - Cement sand mixture to monitor closely (1:3)
(iii) Low water ratio. - Apply cement slury.
- Monitor water content in mixture.
Electrical Loose joints conduit (i) Embedded conduits end properly protected. - Ensure conduit open end plugged / temporary protected.
(ii) Material used not to spec. - Use only approved type material to be used.
(iii) Damage by other Tradesman - Closer supervision.
(iv) Size of cable - Properly joint with right material.
(v) Properly joint
Switch socket outlet out of (i) Alignment of switch socket outlet not properly checked - To check level using spirit level.
alignment with spirit level.
Uneven surface / gaps i) Embedded conduits improper depth - Ensure the depth of embedded conduit is appropriate.
ii) Hacking - patching work improper done - Ensure skillful patching up.

Suspended Gaps (i) Plastered surfaces of walls undulating - Use level pegs. When plastering.
ceiling ( not in plane surfaces) - Use skilled workers for plastering work.
(ii) Nails / screw of ceiling T at edges of plastered - Sufficient tools eg. Long trowel provided during plastering.
walls / bricks. - Ensure plastered walls to be of sufficient high.
Out of alignment (Rat Tail) (i) Brick wall erected deviate from right angles. - Ensure proper setting out.
Blown up by wind especially high (i) Weight of ceiling could not resist wind force. - To tie and clip wires across ceiling T.
level ceiling
Sagging (i) Wires hanging ceiling T too for apart and loose. - Ensure sufficient number of hanging wires to ceiling T and wires are tight.

Page 7 of 16
 Suspended
ceiling Form n
Rev. N
Issued Da
IJM Construction Sdn Bhd
Total Pa

PROGRESSIVE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE QUALITY

TRADE PROBLEM
Sagging ROOT CAUSE PREVENTIVE ACTION
(ii) Weight of (M & E) fittings. - Separate wires to hang (M & E) fittings.
Not in one horizontal plane (i) Unskilled leveling works. - Skilled personnel with the help of leveling entrustment.
Material wastage (i) Ceiling layout plan arrangement. - Proposal of layout plan to architect / client before installation.

Prepared by Reviewed by PM / authorised personnel

Signature
Name Shakira Alfonso
Designation QA/QC Coordinator Project Manager
Date ### ###

Page 8 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- To prepare proper piling platform
- Setting out to be checked by land surveyor
- Reference point to be offset & rechecked by piler/supervisor
- To check verticality of pile at every length
- To replace hammer cushion once worn out
- Pile quality to be verified prior to hoist/pitching
- Ensure hammer hits pile evenly/squarely
- Check/verify concrete strength of pile before piling
- Prepare method statement for repairing pile hacked in the
event it cracked
- Use only reasonable well estimated "set" and confirm capacity
by loading test
- To check piling rig leader/frame for verticality progressively
- Pile jointing to be properly aligned & square
- Casing installed to check for verticality
- Ensure all piles are stacked as close as possible to the piling point using crane
- Ensure piling rig is not used to drag piles which are placed too far from piling point
- Carry out turfing immediately after completion
- Provide drainage system at Berm and Toe of slope
- Should follow the gradient as given in construction drawing
- To remove unsuitable materials.
- To ensure the earth is dry at optimum moisture content and clean
from debris
- Ensure compaction carried out as per specification
- Setting out to be properly checked by land surveyor
- Reference point to be offset and rechecked before
commencement

Page 9 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- Setting out to be properly checked by land surveyor
- Level pegs to be placed at suitable intervals and especially
nearby the sump locations.
- Marking pad of gradient as per drawings to be laid before laying
the bedding material.
- To ensure proper dipping before proceedings with successive
bases.
- To conduct trial mixes to check the quantity of bitumen in mix
- To compact the bases at suitable temperature and as per
specifications.

- To ensure form tightness

- To close all gap
- To ensure sufficient vibration with poker of suitable size.
- Height of concrete placement to follow specification
- Speed of concrete placement to controlled
- Only skillled workers are allowed to use the poker vibrator
- Formwork dismantling to follow specification and concrete
strength
- To ensure proper curing of concrete after removal of formwork
- Ensure sufficient prop over the leveled and compacted base.
- Ensure sufficient strut
- Ensure sufficient form tie
- Ensure formwork in good condition
- Competent works to ensure no over vibration
- To ensure sufficient spacer cubes
- Vibration properly done around congested rebar area
- To use only good condition formwork

Page 10 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- To use only steel formwork
- To ensure formwork tie are secured properly during before and during concreting
- To protect all control points given and recheck with licensed surveyor
- Close column head after clearing rubbish
- Clean & remove rubbish & loose aggregate from
construction joint area
- Check offset
- Plumb down control and verticality of the wall in progress to
be checked
- Horizontal line to control mortar
- Mock laying to be approved for skill & consistency
- Consistently carry out On The Job Training for new batch of workers
- Strict supervision & reject non compliance, more On The Job Training
- Strict supervision & reject non compliance, more On The Job Training

- Ensure sufficient lighting provided during bricklaying, more On The Job Training
- Use electrical cutter to provide sufficient opening
- Carefully select claybricks during bricklaying process
- Provide more On The Job Training for workers
- Strict supervision & reject non compliance, more On The Job Training
- Alignment setting out
- Level peg
- To ensure skill workers are equipped with proper & sufficient tools
such as long trowel.
- Conduct mock up plaster on proper mixing & laying
- Proper curing
- Ensure sufficient lighting provided during plastering, more On The Job Training
- Ensure more On The Job Training carried out to workers

Page 11 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- Clean & correct wet surface before plastering
- To use potable clean water
- To ensure skilled worker are employed for skim coating.
- To ensure base coat can cover up all rippled surface prior to final coat
- To ensure material is evenly mixed by mechanical mixer
- To ensure material is mixed as per manufacturer's spec
- To ensure skilled worker are employed for skim coating.

- To ensure material is mixed as per manufacturer's spec

- To ensure tools used are according to spec & in good condition
- To ensure skilled worker are employed for painting.
- To ensure proper undercoat is being done.
- To ensure dryness of plaster surface before painting
- To ensure correct grade of paint to be used on different environment

- Sealing any cracks in the masonry with high quality water based all acrylic or
siliconized acrylic caulk
- To perform moisture content test prior application
- To ensure method of application is as per manufacturer's spec
- To ensure closer supervision during water proofing works
- To ensure sufficient lapping of water proofing material as per
manufacturer's spec
- To mark lap width from edge of membrane to ensure
sufficient lapping

Page 12 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- To ensure sufficient curing time before other trademan moves in

- Ensure use of concrete tools

- To monitor method of laying
- Frequent control & supervision
- Mark out gridlines
- Ensure skill level of tiler through mock laying
- Mock laying to check competency
- Ensure plastic sheets/plywood as protection and carry out more On The Job Training
- Provide level marks & patches at suitable intervals
- Provide level marks & patches at suitable intervals
- Floor outlet protection & approved method
- Punitive system for errant subcon who damage outlet pipe
protection
- Closer supervision
- Ensure plastered surface is vertical and use spirit level to control verticality during
laying of wall tiles
- Closer supervision and more On The Job Training
- Ensure sufficient fish -tail anchors on doors & window frames
during installation
- To check plumb & level using spirit level

- To ensure proper handling & storage of door & window frames

- To ensure door & window latches & hinges are properly fixed

- Highlight problems to all related subcontractor on problem during

coordination meeting

Page 13 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- Shopdrawings available for pipe sleeve location
- Closer supervision
- Use only approved type material to be used
- As built drawing of concealed pipes provided to later tradesman
- Running water to be placed near garbage chute at corridor
to avoid washing activity within unit
- Highlight to all related subcontractor on problem during
coordination meeting
- Method of protection of floor outlet to be approved
- Closer supervision and good coordination between other trade
sub -contractor
- Ensure sufficient screws and laps at joints.
- Ensure sealant used is proper.
- Ensure skillful correct position of screwing roofing sheet to purlins.
- Proper seal off the hole of the hole has been formed.
- Proper design and adhere to manufacturer's specification.
- Find other alternative if feasible correct design of flashing & use of sealant.
- Correct design of flashing eg. Flashing to extend to the top of sloping
roofing sheet
- Ensure proper setting out of structural frames
- Ensure nothing is left over.
- Use galvanised screws/ protective coats to screws
- Proper design required.
- Proper planning and control.
- Movement of human on roofing sheet restricted in purlins location only.
- Warranty from the manufacturer.
- To suit client requirements.
- Ensure accuracy of level during constructions of purlins and roof beams /

Page 14 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
short columns supporting purlins.

- Ensure leveling markers.

- Markers should not more than 1 meter apart.
- Proper gradient and ensure surface is smooth.

- Ensure surface is clean and free from cement dropping.

- Cement sand mixture to monitor closely (1:3)
- Apply cement slury.
- Monitor water content in mixture.
- Ensure conduit open end plugged / temporary protected.
- Use only approved type material to be used.
- Closer supervision.
- Properly joint with right material.

- To check level using spirit level.

- Ensure the depth of embedded conduit is appropriate.

- Ensure skillful patching up.

- Use level pegs. When plastering.

- Use skilled workers for plastering work.
- Sufficient tools eg. Long trowel provided during plastering.
- Ensure plastered walls to be of sufficient high.
- Ensure proper setting out.
- To tie and clip wires across ceiling T.

- Ensure sufficient number of hanging wires to ceiling T and wires are tight.

Page 15 of 16
 Form no:
Rev. No.:
Issued Date:
Total Page:

PREVENTIVE ACTION
- Separate wires to hang (M & E) fittings.
- Skilled personnel with the help of leveling entrustment.
- Proposal of layout plan to architect / client before installation.

Page 16 of 16