4/3/2017 HyperMesh>HyperMeshSolverInterfacesTutorials>Abaqus>PreProcessingforBracketandCradleAnalysisusingAbaqusHM4340

PreProcessingforBracketandCradleAnalysisusingAbaqusHM4340

Inthistutorial,youwilllearnhowtosetupanAbaqusinputfileinHyperMeshforobtainingthelinearstaticresponseofacradleandbracketassembly
subjectedtoa100kNloadonthebracket,withthecradlesendsfullyconstrained.Specifically,youwilllearnhowto:
ViewimagesofkeywordsanddatalinesinHyperMeshastheyappearintheAbaqusinputfile
CreateandeditAbaqusmaterialsandsectionproperties
SelectAbaqusentitytypesforHyperMeshelementandloadconfigurations
Createloadsandboundaryconditionsformodeldata(*KINEMATICCOUPLINGand*BOUNDARY)
CreateanAbaqusstepcontainingtitle,analysisprocedure,parameters,*CLOADonbracket,andoutputrequests
ExportamodeltoanAbaqusformattedinputfile
Note:Theunitsmillimetersandkilonewtons(mm,kN)areusedinthisdocument.

Exercise
Thefollowinggraphicdisplaysthemodelthatisusedinthetutorial.FollowthestepsbelowtostartupHyperMeshusingtheAbaqustemplateandloadthe
model.

Bracketandcradleassembly

Step1:LoadtheAbaqususerprofileandmodel
1. OnthePreferencesmenu,clickUserProfiles....
2. SelectAbaqus.
3. SelectStandard3DandclickOK.
4. FromtheFilemenu,selectOpen...
5. Browsetothefile<installation_directory>\tutorials\hm\interfaces\abaqus/bracket_cradle.hm.
6. ClickOpen.Thefileloads.
Thebracket_cradle.hmfilecontainsthefollowingAbaqusmodeldata:
ELSETbracketmodeledwithpenta(C3D6)andhexa(C3D8)elements
ELSETcradlemodeledwithtria(S3)andquad(S4)elements
Two*KINEMATICCOUPLINGentitiesatthebracketsbottomboltholes
Materialnamedaluminum
*SOLIDSECTIONpropertyforELSETbracketwiththealuminummaterialassociatedtoit

UnderstandingtherelationshipbetweenAbaqusandHyperMeshentities
HyperMeshcardimagesallowyoutoviewimagesofkeywordsanddatalinesfordefinedAbaqusentitiesasinterpretedbytheloadedtemplate.Thekeywords
anddatalinesappearintheAbaqusinputfileasyouseetheminthecardimages.Additionally,forsomecardimages,youcandefineandeditvarious
parametersanddataitemsforthecorrespondingAbaquskeyword.

ClicktheCardEditicon toreviewandeditcardimages.Youcanalsoreviewandeditthecardimageformanyentitiesfromthepanelinwhichtheyare
created.MostofthecardimagesarealsoaccessiblefromtheModelBrowserbyrightclickingontheentityandselectingCardEdit.

*ELEMENTwithSectionalProperty
TheAbaquskeyword*ELEMENT,TYPE=<type>,ELSET=<name>,isdefinedbyAbaquselementscollectedinaHyperMeshcomponentcollector.One
*ELEMENTkeywordiswrittentotheAbaqusinputfileforeachelementtypeinthecomponent.ThenameoftheELSETisthenameofthecomponent.
Ifapropertyisassignedtoacomponent,theELSETnameofthatsectionalpropertywillbethenameofthecomponentcollector.Ifpropertiesaredirectly
assignedtoelements,HyperMeshwillwriteanadditionalELSETwiththenameofthepropertycollectoritisassignedto.Thesectionalpropertycardwillthen
pointtothisELSET.Assignmentofindividualelementstoapropertytakesprecedenceoverassigningacomponenttoaproperty.Individualelement
assignmentisonlyrecommendedwhentheratioofelementspercomponentisverysmall.Thisisthesituationexplainedinthistutorial.

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ThematerialreferencedinthesectionalpropertyisdefinedbyaHyperMeshmaterialcollectorassociatedwiththepropertycollector.Thediagrambelow
showshowelementsanditsassociatedpropertiesareorganizedinHyperMesh.

AbaqusmaterialsinHyperMesh
AnAbaqus*MATERIALisaHyperMeshmaterialcollectorwithacardimage.
TherearefourcardimagesfortheHyperMeshAbaqustemplates:ABAQUS_MATERIAL,GASKET_MATERIAL(fortheStandardtemplates),
CONNECTOR_BEHAVIORandGENERIC_MATERIAL.Therearetwowaystocreateamaterialcollectorandassociateittoacomponent.
MethodOne(Dropdownmenu)
Fromthedropdownmenus,createamaterialcollectorwithacardimageandeditittodefinematerialdata.Byselectingthematerialwhilecreatinga
property,itwillautomaticallybeassignedtothesectionalproperty.Aspointedoutintheparagraphaboveyounowcanassignthepropertycontaining
thesectionalpropertiestoacomponentortoindividualelements.Toassignpropertiestoexistingcomponentsorindividualelements,clickon
Collectors>Assign>ComponentPropertiesorclickonProperties>Assign.
MethodTwo(ModelBrowser)
IntheModelBrowser,whileineitherthemodelormaterialview,rightclickandselectCreatetocreateanewmaterialcollectorwiththeappropriate
cardimage.IfyouselecttheCreate/Editbutton,thecardimagedisplayssoyoucansetupallnecessaryparametersandkeywords.Propertiescan
alsobecreatedinthismanner.YoucandirectlyassignthematerialtothenewpropertybyselectingthematerialintheMaterialnamefield.
Withinthecardimageofeachmaterialcard,itispossibletoaddasmanydatalinesasyouwantforamaterial(suchas*PLASTICwithyieldstress,plastic
strain,andtemperaturedata).ManuallyenterthedatainHyperMeshorimportanAbaqusformattedinputfileontopofthemodelinHyperMeshtocreatethe
datalines.

Steps24:Reviewandeditthemodelscontent
Inthissection,youwillusethecardeditorpaneltoreviewelements,sectionalproperties,andmaterialsastheyappearintheAbaqusinputfile.Youcanalso
reviewandeditcardimagesbyrightclickingonanentityintheModelBrowserandselectingtheCardEditoption.

Step2:Reviewthecardimageofoneoftheelements

1. ClicktheCardEditicon .
2. Clickthetoggletoelems.Graphicallyselectanelementfromthebracket(blueelements)inthemodelandselectedit.
Acardimagefortheelementisdisplayed.ItshowstheelementstypetobeeitherC3D6orC3D8andtheELSETnameasbracket.
3. Clickreturntoclosethecardimage.

Step3:Viewthepropertycard
Usethestepsbelowtocardeditthepropertyassignedtothecomponentstoreviewthesectionalpropertiesassociatedwiththeelementsinthese
components.

1. ClicktheCardEditicon .
2. Clickthetoggletopropsandthendoubleclickontheyellowpropsbutton.
3. Placeachecknexttothebracketcomponentandclickselect.
4. Clickedittoeditthepropertiescardimage.
Acardimageisdisplayed.Itshowsthebrackets*SOLIDSECTIONpropertyandaluminumasthematerialassociatedwithit.
5. Clickreturntoclosethecardimage.
6. Clickreturn.

Step4:Viewthematerialcollectorcard
Followthestepsbelowtocardeditthealuminummaterialcollectortoreviewthedefinedaluminummaterial.
1. FromtheMaterialsmenu,selecttheCardEditoption.
2. Clicktheyellowmatsbutton.

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3. Placeachecknexttoaluminumandclickselect.
4. Clickedit.
Acardimageisdisplayed.ItcontainsAbaqusdatalinesdefiningthematerial.
5. Clickreturntoclosethecardimage.
6. Clickreturn.
Note Ifyouhavedifficultiesreviewingthevariouscardimages,refertothetutorialGettingStartedwithHyperMeshHM1000,orclickthehelpbutton
toloadthecardeditorpanel'shelp.
Reviewofthemodelscontentiscomplete.Nextyouwillcompletethemodeldata.

Step56:Createandassigna*MATERIALforthecradle
Inthissection,youwilllearntocreatea*MATERIALwith*ELASTICtodefineassteeltheELSETcradle.Thiswillbecompletedbyfollowingthesteps
below.Whenyoudefinethesectionalpropertyforthecradlecomponentinthenextsection,thematerialwillalreadybereferencedintheproperty.

Step5:CreatethematerialSTEEL
1. FromtheMaterialslist,clickCreate.
2. Inthematname=field,entersteel.
3. Leavethetype=fieldsettoall.ClickcardimageandselectABAQUS_MATERIAL.
4. Clickcreate/edit.
5. Fromthemenuareaofthecardeditor,slidethescrollbardownandactivatetheElasticoptiontocreate*ELASTIC.
6. Inthedisplayedcardimage,enter200forelasticmodulusE(1).
7. Specify0.3forPoissonsratioNU(1).
8. Clickreturn.
Thesteelmaterialisdefined.
9. Clickreturn.

Step6:AssignthematerialSteeltothecomponentanddefine*SHELLSECTIONforthecradleproperty
1. FromtheCollectorsmenu,selectEditandthenselectComponents.
2. Apropertymustbeassignedtothecomponentbeforethematerialcanbeassigned.Tocreateaproperty,clickcreateprop.
3. Inthepropname=field,entercradle.
4. Clickthetype=buttonandselectplanar_section.
5. ClickthecardimagebuttonandselectSHELLSECTION.
6. Clickthematerialbuttonandselectsteel.
7. Clickcreate/edittoeditthecardimage.
8. ClickThicknessandenter2.5.
Noticethesteelmaterialisalreadyspecifiedinthesectionpropertydefinition:
*SHELLSECTION,ELSET=cradle,MATERIAL=steel
9. Clickreturntoclosethecardimage.
10. Clickreturn.Thepropertyiscreatedandyouarereturnedtothecomponentpanel.
11. Clickcompsandplaceacheckmarknexttocradleandclickselect.
ThesteelmaterialisnowassociatedtotheELSETcradle.

UnderstandingHyperMeshEntityConfigurationsandTypes
HyperMeshelementandloadentitieshavetwoidentifiers:configurationandtype.TheentityconfigurationisaHyperMeshcorefeaturewhiletheentitytypeis
definedbythetemplate.Forexample,HyperMeshelementconfigurationsincluderigid,spring,quad4,andhex8.Possiblequad4configurationtypesinthe
Standard3DtemplateincludeS4,S4R,S4R5,amongothers.Similarly,HyperMeshloadconfigurationsincludeconstraints,force,pressure,andtemperature.
IntheHyperMeshAbaqustemplates,pressureconfigurationtypesincludeDLOAD,DFLUX,FILM,DECHARGEandRadiate.
MostoftheHyperMeshelementandloadconfigurationshavetheirownpanels.Fromthe1D,2D,and3Dpages,usetheelemtypespanel.Loadtypescan
bechosendirectlyintherelatedpanels.Youcanalsousetheloadorelementtypespanelstochangethetypeofload.

KinematicConstraintsinHyperMesh
Withtheexceptionof*EQUATION,Abaquskinematicconstraints,suchas*KINEMATICCOUPLINGand*MPC(BEAM,TIE,LINK,PIN),arerigid(1D)
elementsinHyperMesh.Fromthe1Dpage,usetherigidspaneltocreatethem.OrganizethemintoHyperMeshcomponentcollectors.Nosectionalproperty
ormaterialisneededfortheseentities.Hence,eitherorganizethemintotheirowncomponentorintoacomponentcontainingdifferentAbaqusentities.

Steps710:Constrainthebrackettothecradle
Inthissection,youwillcreatetheAbaqusconstraint*KINEMATICCOUPLINGtosimulateaboltconnectingthebracketstopboltholetothecradle.The
modelalreadycontainstwo*KINEMATICCOUPLINGentities,oneateachofthebracketsbottomboltholes.Theyareorganizedintothebracketcomponent.
Usingthestepsbelow,youwillstartbycreatinganewcomponentinwhichyouwillorganizeallthe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGentities.Thisisnotnecessary,
butisdonetoorganizethedataanddemonstratetheselectionofentitiesbyconfiguration.Thiscomponentwillcontainthe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGtobe
created.Youwillneedtoselectanyexistingmaterialtoavoidcreatingonethatisnotneeded.
BesuretousetheelemtypespaneltosetthetypeforrigidstoKINCOUP.Thisallowsallelementscreatedfromtherigidspaneltobeofthetype
*KINEMATICCOUPLING.
Finally,youwillcreatethe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGusingtherigidspanel.

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Step7:Createanewcomponentcollector
CompletethestepsbelowtocreateanewcomponentcollectorandsettheelementtyperigidtoKINCOUP.
1. FromtheCollectorsmenu,selectCreateandselectComponent.
2. Clickname=andenterthenameconnection.
3. Selectacolorthecomponentandclickcreate.
4. Clickreturn.
Theconnectioncomponentisnowthecurrentcomponentasshownintheheaderbar.Allelementsandgeometrycreatedfromthispointforwardare
automaticallyorganizedintoit.
5. Fromthe1Dpage,selecttheelemtypespanel.
6. Selectthe1Dsubpanel.
7. Clickrigid=andselectKINCOUP.
8. Clickreturn.

Step8:Createareferencenode
Followthestepsbelowtousethedistancepaneltocreateanodeatthecenteroftheboltholetobethe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGreferencenode.

1. ClicktheUserview iconandselectRestore1torestorethetopboltholeview.
2. PresstheF4keytodisplaythedistancepanel.
3. Selectthethreenodessubpanel.
4. Fromthegraphicsarea,selectthreenodesonthetopsideoftheboltholeforN1,N2,andN3(seefigurebelow).

Selectingnodesforcirclecenter

5. Clickthecirclecenterbuttontocreateanodeatthecenteroftheselectednodes.
6. Clickreturn.

Step9:Createaspiderlikerigidlink
Followthestepsbelowtousetherigidspaneltocreateaspiderlikerigidlinkforthe*KINEMATICCOUPLING.
1. Fromthe1Dpage,selecttherigidspanel.
2. Selectthecreatesubpanel.
3. Activateallsixdegreesoffreedom,dof1todof6,toconstrainthe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGreferencenodeinallsixdirections.
4. Setdependent:tomultiplenodes.
5. Withthenodeselectorforindependent:active,selectthecenternodecreatedinthepreviousstep.
6. Withthenodesselectoractive,selectallthenodesonthetopsideofthebolthole(seefigurebelow).

Selectingindependentanddependentsnodes

7. IntheModelBrowser,rightclickonthebracketcomponentandselectHide.
8. Withthenodesselectoractive,selectthenodesaroundtheholeinthecradle(seefigurebelow).

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Selectingdependentnodesfromthecradle

9. ClickCreatetocreatethe*KINEMATIC_COUPLING.
10. IntheModelBrowser,rightclickonthebracketcomponentandselectShowtoturntheelementsfromthebracketcomponentbackon.
11. Clickreturn.

Kinematiccoupling

The*KINEMATICCOUPLINGisnowcreatedandorganizedintotheconnectioncomponent.

Step10:Movethe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGentities
Usethestepsbelowtomoveall*KINEMATICCOUPLINGentitiesintotheconnectioncomponentusingtheorganizepanel.
1. FromtheMeshmenu,clickOrganize,clickElementsandclickToComponent.
2. Clickelemsandselectbyconfig.
3. Forconfig=,selectrigidlink.
4. Fortype=,select*KINCOUP.
5. Clickthetoggleinthemiddleofthepaneltochangedisplayedrigidlinkstoallrigidlinks.
6. ClickSelectentitiestoselectallrigidlinksinthemodel.
7. Fordestination=,selectconnection.
8. ClickMovetomoveallrigidlinkstotheconnectioncomponent.
9. Clickreturn.
Allthe*KINEMATICCOUPLINGentitiesarenoworganizedintotheconnectioncomponent.Modeldatadefinitioniscomplete.

UsingStepManagerforinitialconditions
HyperMeshincludesatoolnamedStepManager.Itisusedtocreate,edit,review,reorder,anddeleteAbaqusinitialconditionsandsteps.Thistoolis
accessiblebyclickingtheStepManagerbuttonontheAbaqusUtilityMenu.

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StepManagerhasadefaultstepnamedInitialCondition.Itisusedtocreateboundaryconditionsandloads(initialconditions)inthemodeldataportionof
theAbaqusinputfile.
AdialogisdisplayedtoedittheInitialConditionstep.OnlyvalidboundaryconditionsandloadtypesformodeldatacanbeselectedfromtheStepManagers
LoadStepoptionslistfortheInitialConditionstep.

Initialconditiondialog
Usethisdialogfromlefttorightby:
selectingaloadsteptypefromthelist(leftcolumn)
creatingaloadcollector(centerarea)
creatingtheloadsusingthemenuarea(rightside)

Step11:Define*BOUNDARY
FollowthestepsbelowtocreatetheseconstraintsatthecradlesendsusingtheStepManager.Definethemasmodeldata,nothistorydata,byeditingthe
StepManagersdefaultstepnamedInitialCondition.Forthisstep,youwillcreatealoadcollectorandthencreatetheconstraints.
1. FromtheUtilityMenu,clickStepManager.
2. FromtheSteptab,selectInitialConditionfromthetable.
3. ClickEdittomodifythisstep.
Anewdialogisdisplayed.
4. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,selectBoundary.
Thisspecifiesthetypeofinitialconditionyouwanttocreate.
5. UseNewtocreateanewloadcollector.Nameitconstraintsandclickcreate.
6. CheckDisplayfortheconstraintsloadcollector.
7. Optionally,selectaDisplaycolorfortheconstraintsloadcollector.
8. Fromtheloadcollectortable,clickconstraintstomakethiscollectoractive.
NewmenusaredisplayedontherightfortheLoadTypeselected(Boundary).
9. FromtheDefinetab,setType:todefault(disp).
10. ClickDefinefromConstraintspaneltogototheConstraintspanel.
TheConstraintspanelinHyperMeshisdisplayed.
11. Usetheviewpaneltoselecttherightview.
12. Clicknodesandselectbywindow.
13. Drawawindowinthegraphicsareasothatallnodesatbothendsofthecradleareselected.

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Selectingnodesforconstraints

14. Activateallsixdegreesoffreedom,dof1todof6,toconstraintheselectednodesinallsixdirections.
15. ClickCreatetocreatetheconstraints.
16. ClickreturntoreturntotheStepManager.
17. ClickClosetoclosetheInitialConditionstepandreturntotheStepManagersmainwindow.

Definethehistorydata
ThehistorydataportionoftheAbaqusinputfiledefinesthesequenceofeventsforthesimulation.Theloadinghistoryisdividedintoaseriesofsteps.Each
stepcontainsthetypeofsimulation,loads,constraints,outputrequests,andcontacts(forAbaqusExplicit).TheAbaqus*STEPoptionmarksthestartofa
step,whilethe*ENDSTEPoptionmarkstheend.
IntheStepManager,create,review,edit,delete,andreordertheAbaqussteps.IntheStepManager,loadsareorganizedintoloadcollectorsandoutput
requestsareorganizedintoHyperMeshoutputblocks.

Step12:DefinetheAbaqusstep
Forthisanalysis,weareinterestedinthelinearstaticresponseofthecradleandbracketassemblytoa100kNloadappliedonthebracket,withthecradles
endsfullyconstrained.Thisisasingleevent,soonlyoneAbaqusstepisneeded.Inthissection,usetheStepManagertocreatethestepasfollows:
Defineitstitle,heading,parameters,andtheanalysisprocedure.
Applyaconcentratedforce(*CLOAD)onthebracketsarm.
1. FromtheSteptabofStepManager,clickNewtocreateanewstep.Nameitstep1andclickcreate.
2. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,selectTitletodefinethestepstitle.
ThemenuforTitlewillbedisplayedonthewindowsrightside.
3. ActivatetheStepheading:option.
4. Enter100kNloadforthestepheadingnameandclickUpdate.
5. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,selectParameter.
6. ActivatetheoptionNamesothestepsnameiswrittentotheAbaqusinputfile.
7. ActivatetheoptionPerturbationtosettheanalysisforsmallscale,lineardeformations.
8. ClickUpdate.
9. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,selectAnalysisprocedure.
10. FortheAnalysistype:,selectstaticandclickUpdate.
11. ClicktheTextbuttontoreviewwhathasbeendefinedsofarforthestep.Whenfinishedreviewingthecontentsofthewindow,clickClose.
12. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,expandthelistforConcentratedloadsandselectCLOADForce.
13. Clicknewtocreateanewloadcollector.Enterthenameasforceandclickcreate.
14. Optionally,selectacolorfortheforceloadcollector.
15. FromtheLoadcollectortable,selectforcetoactivatethiscollector.
Newmenusaredisplayedontherightfortheselectedloadtype(CLOADForce).
16. FromtheDefinetab,clickDefinefromForcesPaneltocreateaCLOADfromtheForcespanel.
17. Fromthegraphicsarea,selectthecentralnodeonthetopsideofthebracketsarm(seefigurebelow).

NodeforCLOAD

18. Clickmagnitude=andenter100.

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19. Leavethesystemselectorsettoglobalsystem.
20. Selectzaxisfortheforcesdirectionvector.
21. Clickcreatetocreatetheforce.
22. ClickreturntoreturntotheStepManager.

Step13:Specifyoutputrequestsforthestep
Inthissection,usetheStepManagertospecifydisplacementandstressresultstobeoutputtotheODBandFILresultsfilesforstep1.Then,exportthe
modeltoan.inpfile.
1. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,expandthelistforOutputrequestandselectODBfile.
2. ClickNewtocreateanewoutputblock.Enterthenameasstep1_outputandclickcreate.
3. FromtheOutputblock:table,selectstep1_outputtomakeitactive.
4. FromtheOutputtab,activatetheoptionOutputandleaveitsettofield.
5. ActivatetheNodeoutputandElementoutputoptions.
6. TospecifythenodaldisplacementoutputfortheODBfile,gototheNodeOutputtabandexpandtheDisplacementoptionslist.
7. ActivatetheoptionUfromtheOutputoptionslist.
ResizetheStepManagerwindowasneededtoviewtheoutputoptionslistmoreeasily.
8. ClickUpdate.
9. TospecifyelementalstressoutputfortheODBfile,selecttheElementOutputtabandexpandtheStressoptionslist.
10. ActivateSandclickUpdate.
11. FromtheLoadStepoptionslist,underOutputrequest,selectResultfile(.fil).
Theoutputblockstep1_outputisstillhighlighted(active)intheOutputblocktable.
12. FromtheDefinetab,activatetheoptionsNodefileandElementfile.
13. TospecifynodaldisplacementoutputfortheFILfile,selecttheNodeFiletab.
14. ExpandtheOutputoptionslist,andunderDisplacement,activateU.
15. ClickUpdate.
16. TospecifytheelementalstressoutputfortheFILfile,selecttheElementFiletab.
17. ActivatethePositionoptionandsetittoaveragedatnodes.
18. FromtheOutputoptionslist,underStress,activateS.
19. ClickUpdate.
20. ClickClosetoclosetheLoadStepwindow
20. ClickClosetoclosetheStepManagerwindow.
Definingthestepisnowcomplete.

Step14:Exportthemodel
1. FromtheFilemenu,clickExporttoexportthemodeltoyourworkingdirectory.
2. IntheFile:field,enterthefilenameasbracket_cradle_complete.inpandclickExport.
Youcannowsubmitthe.inpfiletoAbaqusforanalysis.
Thisconcludesthistutorial.YoumaydiscardthisHyperMeshmodelorsaveittoyourworkingdirectoryforyourreference.
Inthistutorial,youwereintroducedsomeoftheconceptsthatgoverntheHyperMeshinterfacetoAbaqus.YoualsousedtheStepManagerthatallowedyou
todobasicmodelingintermsofAbaqus,suchasdefiningboundaryconditions,outputrequests,andsteps.
Foradditionaltoolsandtechniques,refertothetutorialPreProcessingforCrashingTubesAnalysisusingAbaqusHM4350.

SeeHyperMeshTutorialsforacompletelistoftutorials.

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