PENERAPAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE SNOWBALL THROWING

UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA

MATERI ENERGI PANAS DAN SIFATNYA

Sri Cacik1).
1
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban
email: sricacik@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

Berdasarkan hasil observasi pada siswa kelas IV di SDN Rengel IV

diketahui bahwa hasil belajar IPA masih rendah. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh
interaksi antara guru dengan siswa dan interaksi antara siswa dengan siswa
masih kurang. Pada proses pembelajaran siswa bersifat pasif, belum memiliki
keterampilan bertanya dan menjawab pertanyaan. Salah satu alternatif
pemecahan masalah yang dapat digunakan adalah menerapkan model kooperatif
tipe snowball throwing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan
hasil belajar siswa setelah mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan model kooperatif
tipe snowball throwing pada materi energi panas dan sifatnya. Jenis penelitian
ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang berupa siklus. Setiap siklus
mencakup empat tahapan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan
refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik tes dengan
menggunakan instrumen lembar tes hasil belajar. Indikator keberhasilan
penelitian diukur dari presentase ketuntasan individual dan klasikal. Ketuntasan
individual tercapai apabila subjek penelitian mampu mencapai Kriteria
Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang telah ditetapkan oleh sekolah. Sedangkan
ketuntasan klasikal tercapai apabila lebih dari atau sama dengan 80% subjek
penelitian mampu mencapai KKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil
belajar siswa meningkat dengan presentase ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 30%
pada prapenelitian menjadi 57% pada siklus I dan 89% pada siklus II. Kendala
yang ditemui dalam pelaksanan penelitian adalah guru dan siswa di SDN Rengel IV
belum terbiasa menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe snowball throwing.

Keywords : model kooperatif tipe snowball throwing dan hasil belajar

THE APPLICATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL SNOWBALL
THROWING TYPE TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS LEARNING OUTCOMES
ON HEAT ENERGY AND PROPERTIES

Based on the observation conducted in the fourth grade students at SDN Rengel IV, the
researcher found that the outcomes of Science learning are still low. It is caused by the lack of
interaction between teachers and students, and between student and other students. In learning
process, the students are still passive and they hesitate to ask and answer the questions. One of
the alternative solutions that can be utilized in this case is to apply the cooperative learning
model of snowball throwing. This study aims to determine the students outcome
enhancement in learning after applying the cooperative learning model of snowball throwing
on the topic of heat energy and its characteristics. This research used the Classroom Action
Research (CAR) as its design, which is in the form of cycles. Each cycle covers four phases,
including planning, implementation, observation and reflection. In collecting data, the
researcher utilized test by using the sheet of the result of learning test as its instrument. The
indicators of the successfullness of the study are measured through the percentage of
individual completeness and classical. The individual completeness achieved when the subject
was able to reach a minimum completeness criteria (KKM) that was determined by the
school. While the classical completeness achieved if more than or equal to 80% of the
subjects were able to reach the KKM. The results showed that the students' learning outcomes
increased with the percentage of classical completeness by 30% in pre-study to 57% in the
first cycle and 89% in the second cycle. The obstacle encountered in the study was that the
teachers and students at SDN Rengel IV were not used to apply the cooperative learning
model of snowball throwing.