1.

INTRODUCTION

A nursery is a place where plants are propagated and grown to usable size. They
include retail nurseries which sell to the general public, wholesale nurseries which
sell only to businesses such as other nurseries and to commercial gardeners, and
private nurseries which supply the needs of institutions or private estates. Some
retail and wholesale nurseries sell by mail.
Nurseries may supply plants for gardens, for agriculture, for forestry and for biology.
Some nurseries specialize in one phase of the process: propagation, growing out, or
retail sale; or in one type of plant: e.g., groundcovers, shade plants, or rock garden
plants. Some produce bulk stock, whether seedlings or grafted, of particular
varieties for purposes such as fruit trees for orchards, or timber trees for forestry.
Some produce stock seasonally, ready in springtime for export to colder regions
where propagation could not have been started so early, or to regions where
seasonal pests prevent profitable growing early in the season.
Nurseries can grow plants in open fields, on container fields and in tunnels or
greenhouses. In open fields nurseries grow ornamental trees, shrubs and
herbaceous perennials, especially the plants meant for the wholesale trade or for
amenity plantings. On a containerfield nurseries grow small trees, shrubs and
herbaceous plants, usually destined for sales in garden centers. Nurseries also grow
plants in greenhouses, a building of glass or in plastic tunnels, designed to protect
young plants from harsh weather (especially frost), while allowing access to light
and ventilation. Modern greenhouses allow automated control of temperature,
ventilation and light and semi-automated watering and feeding. Some also have
fold-back roofs to allow "hardening-off" of plants without the need for manual
transfer to outdoor beds.
Most nurseries remain highly labor-intensive. Although some processes have been
mechanised and automated, others have not. Business is highly seasonal,
concentrated in spring and autumn. There is no guarantee that there will be
demand for the product - this will be affected by temperature, drought, cheaper
foreign competition, fashion, among other things.
So we have developed an easy system that can help the nusery owners to sell their
plants and accessories online. This system is capable of keeping record of all
varieties of plants available as well as the record of growth and sale.
1 General Nursery Management

1.1 Planting stock

Planting stock, "seedlings, transplants, cuttings, and occasionally wildings, for use in planting
out,"[20] is nursery stock that has been made ready for outplanting.The amount of seed used in
white spruce seedling production and direct seeding varies with method.

1.2 Stock types (Seedling nomenclature)

Classification by age
The number of years spent in the nursery seedbed by any particular lot of planting
stock is indicated by the 1st of a series of numbers. The 2nd number indicates the
years subsequently spent in the transplant line, and a zero is shown if indeed there
has been no transplanting. A 3rd number, if any, would indicate the years
subsequently spent after a second lifting and transplanting. The numbers are
sometimes separated by dashes, but separation by plus sign is more logical
inasmuch as the sum of the individual numbers gives the age of the planting stock.
Thus 2+0 is 2-year-old seedling planting stock that has not been transplanted, and
Candy's (1929)[53] white spruce 2+2+3 stock had spent 2 years in the seedbed, 2
years in transplant lines, and another 3 years in transplant lines after a second
transplanting. Variations have included such self-explanatory combinations, such as
1+1, etc.
The class of planting stock to use on a particular site is generally selected on the
basis of historical record of survival, growth, and total cost of surviving trees. [54] In
the Lake States, Kittredge[55] concluded that good stock of 2+1 white spruce was the
smallest size likely to succeed and was better than larger and more expensive stock
when judged by final cost of surviving trees.
Classification by seedling description code
Because age alone is an inadequate descriptor of planting stock, various codes have
been developed to describe such components of stock characteristics as height,
stem diameter, and shoot: root ratio. [56] A description code may include an
indication of the intended planting season.

Physiological characteristics
Neither age classification nor seedling description code indicate the physiological
condition of planting stock, though rigid adherence to a given cultural regime
together with observation of performance over a number of years of planting can
produce stock suitable for performing on a "same again" basis.
Classification by system
Planting stock is raised under a variety of systems, but these have devolved
generally into 2 main groupings: bareroot and containerized. Manuals specifically for
the production of bareroot[57] and containerized[58] nursery stock are valuable
resources for the nursery manager. As well, a lot of good information about nursery
stock specific to regional jurisdictions is well presented by Cleary et al. (1978) [56] for
Oregon, Lavender et al. (1990)[59] for British Columbia, and Wagner and Colombo
(2001)[60] for Ontario.
2 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Proposed system is a computerized Billing and Stock Maintained system. Through our
software user can add product, add stock, search stock, search product, update information, and
edit information in short period of time. Our proposed system has the following advantages.

User friendly interface

Fast access to database
Less error
Time saving
Stock maintains
Search facility
Look and Feel Environment
Quick transaction
Quick bill generation

All the manual difficulties in managing the plant nursery have been rectified by
implementing computerization.
3 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS

Whatever we think need not be feasible .It is wise to think about the feasibility of
any problem we undertake. Feasibility is the study of impact, which happens in the
organization by the development of a system. The impact can be either positive or
negative. When the positives nominate the negatives, then the system is
considered feasible. Here the feasibility study can be performed in two ways such as
technical feasibility and Economical Feasibility.
3.1 Technical Feasibility:
We can strongly says that it is technically feasible, since there will not be much
difficulty in getting required resources for the development and maintaining the
system as well. All the resources needed for the development of the software as
well as the maintenance of the same is available in the organization here we are
utilizing the resources which are available already.
3.2 Economical Feasibility
Development of this application is highly economically feasible .The organization
needed not spend much m one for the development of the system already
available. The only thing is to be done is making an environment for the
development with an effective supervision. I f we are doing so , we can attain the
maximum usability of the corresponding resources .Even after the development ,
the organization will not be in a condition to invest more in the organization
.Therefore , the system is economically feasible.
4 System Requirements

4.1 Hardware Configuration

Processor : Pentium III 630MHz
RAM : 128 MB
Hard Disk : 20GB
Monitor : 15 Color monitor
Key Board : 122 Keys
4.2 Software Configuration
Operating System : Windows XP, Windows 7,windows 8 windows 10.
Language : Visual Basic .Net
Database : MS Access2007.

Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from

Microsoft. It is used to develop computer programs for Microsoft Windows, as well as
web sites, web apps, web services and mobile apps. Visual Studio uses Microsoft
software development platforms such as Windows API, Windows Forms, Windows
Presentation Foundation, Windows Store and Microsoft Silverlight. It can produce
both native code and managed code.
Visual Studio includes a code editor supporting IntelliSense (the code completion
component) as well as code refactoring. The integrated debugger works both as a
source-level debugger and a machine-level debugger. Other built-in tools include a
code profiler, forms designer for building GUI applications, web designer, class
designer, and database schema designer. It accepts plug-ins that enhance the
functionality at almost every levelincluding adding support for source control
systems (like Subversion) and adding new toolsets like editors and visual designers
for domain-specific languages or toolsets for other aspects of the software
development lifecycle (like the Team Foundation Server client: Team Explorer).
Visual Studio supports different programming languages and allows the code editor
and debugger to support (to varying degrees) nearly any programming language,
provided a language-specific service exists. Built-in languages include C, C++ and
C++/CLI (via Visual C++), VB.NET (via Visual Basic .NET), C# (via Visual C#), F# (as
of Visual Studio 2010) and TypeScript (as of Visual Studio 2013 Update 2). Support
for other languages such as Python, Ruby, Node.js, and M among others is available
via language services installed separately. It also supports XML/XSLT, HTML/XHTML,
JavaScript and CSS. Java (and J#) were supported in the past. Microsoft provides a
free version of Visual Studio called the Community edition that supports plugins and
is available at no cost.
4.3 Features
Code editor
Like any other IDE, it includes a code editor that supports syntax highlighting and
code completion using IntelliSense for variables, functions, methods, loops and LINQ
queries. IntelliSense is supported for the included languages, as well as for XML and
for Cascading Style Sheets and JavaScript when developing web sites and web
applications. Autocomplete suggestions appear in a modeless list box over the code
editor window, in proximity of the editing cursor. In Visual Studio 2008 onwards, it
can be made temporarily semi-transparent to see the code obstructed by it. The
code editor is used for all supported languages.
The Visual Studio code editor also supports setting bookmarks in code for quick
navigation. Other navigational aids include collapsing code blocks and incremental
search, in addition to normal text search and regex search. The code editor also
includes a multi-item clipboard and a task list. The code editor supports code
snippets, which are saved templates for repetitive code and can be inserted into
code and customized for the project being worked on. A management tool for code
snippets is built in as well. These tools are surfaced as floating windows which can
be set to automatically hide when unused or docked to the side of the screen. The
Visual Studio code editor also supports code refactoring including parameter
reordering, variable and method renaming, interface extraction and encapsulation
of class members inside properties, among others.
Visual Studio features background compilation (also called incremental compilation).
As code is being written, Visual Studio compiles it in the background in order to
provide feedback about syntax and compilation errors, which are flagged with a red
wavy underline. Warnings are marked with a green underline. Background
compilation does not generate executable code, since it requires a different
compiler than the one used to generate executable code. Background compilation
was initially introduced with Microsoft Visual Basic but has now been expanded for
all included languages.
Debugger
Visual Studio includes a debugger that works both as a source-level debugger and
as a machine-level debugger. It works with both managed code as well as native
code and can be used for debugging applications written in any language supported
by Visual Studio. In addition, it can also attach to running processes and monitor
and debug those processes. If source code for the running process is available, it
displays the code as it is being run. If source code is not available, it can show the
disassembly. The debugger allows setting breakpoints (which allow execution to be
stopped temporarily at a certain position) and watches (which monitor the values of
variables as the execution progresses).[28] Breakpoints can be conditional, meaning
they get triggered when the condition is met. Code can be stepped over, i.e., run
one line (of source code) at a time.[29] It can either step into functions to debug
inside it, or step over it, i.e., the execution of the function body isn't available for
manual inspection. The debugger supports Edit and Continue, i.e., it allows code to
be edited as it is being debugged. When debugging, if the mouse pointer hovers
over any variable, its current value is displayed in a tooltip ("data tooltips"), where it
can also be modified if desired

Designer
Visual Studio includes a host of visual designers to aid in the development of applications. These
tools include:
Windows Forms Designer
The Windows Forms designer is used to build GUI applications using Windows
Forms. Layout can be controlled by housing the controls inside other containers or
locking them to the side of the form. Controls that display data (like textbox, list box
and grid view) can be bound to data sources like databases or queries. Data-bound
controls can be created by dragging items from the Data Sources window onto a
design surface. The UI is linked with code using an event-driven programming
model. The designer generates either C# or VB.NET code for the application.
WPF Designer
The WPF designer, codenamed Cider, was introduced with Visual Studio 2008. Like
the Windows Forms designer it supports the drag and drop metaphor. It is used to
author user interfaces targeting Windows Presentation Foundation. It supports all
WPF functionality including data binding and automatic layout management. It
generates XAML code for the UI. The generated XAML file is compatible with
Microsoft Expression Design, the designer-oriented product. The XAML code is linked
with code using a code-behind model.
Web designer/development
Visual Studio also includes a web-site editor and designer that allows web pages to
be authored by dragging and dropping widgets. It is used for developing ASP.NET
applications and supports HTML, CSS and JavaScript. It uses a code-behind model to
link with ASP.NET code. From Visual Studio 2008 onwards, the layout engine used by
the web designer is shared with Microsoft Expression Web. There is also ASP.NET
MVC support for MVC technology as a separate download and ASP.NET Dynamic
Data project available from Microsoft.

Class designer
The Class Designer is used to author and edit the classes (including its members and their
access) using UML modeling. The Class Designer can generate C# and VB.NET code
outlines for the classes and methods. It can also generate class diagrams from hand-
written classes.
Data designer
The data designer can be used to graphically edit database schemas, including
typed tables, primary and foreign keys and constraints. It can also be used to design
queries from the graphical view.

4.4 Back end

Microsoft Access

Microsoft Access is a database management system (DBMS) from Microsoft that

combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user
interface and software-development tools. It is a member of the Microsoft Office
suite of applications, included in the Professional and higher editions or sold
separately.Microsoft Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet
Database Engine. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other
applications and databases.
Software developers, data architects and power users can use Microsoft Access to
develop application software. Like other Microsoft Office applications, Access is
supported by Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), an object-based programming
language that can reference a variety of objects including DAO (Data Access
Objects), ActiveX Data Objects, and many other ActiveX components. Visual objects
used in forms and reports expose their methods and properties in the VBA
programming environment, and VBA code modules may declare and call Windows
operating system operations.
In addition to using its own database storage file, Microsoft Access also may be used
as the 'front-end' of a program while other products act as the 'back-end' tables,
such as Microsoft SQL Server and non-Microsoft products such as Oracle and
Sybase. Multiple backend sources can be used by a Microsoft Access Jet Database
(ACCDB and MDB formats). Similarly, some applications such as Visual Basic,
ASP.NET, or Visual Studio .NET will use the Microsoft Access database format for its
tables and queries. Microsoft Access may also be part of a more complex solution,
where it may be integrated with other technologies such as Microsoft Excel,
Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint and ActiveX controls.
Access tables support a variety of standard field types, indices, and referential
integrity including cascading updates and deletes. Access also includes a query
interface, forms to display and enter data, and reports for printing. The underlying
Jet database, which contains these objects, is multi-user and handles record-locking.
Repetitive tasks can be automated through macros with point-and-click options. It is
also easy to place a database on a network and have multiple users share and
update data without overwriting each other's work. Data is locked at the record
level which is significantly different from Excel which locks the entire spreadsheet.
There are template databases within the program and for download from Microsoft's
website. These options are available upon starting Access and allow users to
enhance a database with predefined tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros.
Database templates support VBA code but Microsoft's templates do not include VBA
code.
Programmers can create solutions using VBA, which is similar to Visual Basic 6.0
(VB6) and used throughout the Microsoft Office programs such as Excel, Word,
Outlook and PowerPoint. Most VB6 code, including the use of Windows API calls, can
be used in VBA. Power users and developers can extend basic end-user solutions to
a professional solution with advanced automation, data validation, error trapping,
and multi-user support.
Applications that run complex queries or analysis across large datasets would
naturally require greater bandwidth and memory. Microsoft Access is designed to
scale to support more data and users by linking to multiple Access databases or
using a back-end database like Microsoft SQL Server. With the latter design, the
amount of data and users can scale to enterprise-level solutions.
5 Advantages and Disadvantages

5.1 Advantages
Easy to use
Easy invoice generation
Flexible Stock management
Automated tax calculation
Secure

5.2 Disadvantages
Only the registered users can allow new user registration
No internet connection
6 Conclusion
7 Future Scope
8 References

www.google.com/googlegear.html
www.indiyakey.com
www.w3schools.com
www.tanmayonrun.blogspot.in\2013\01\msaccessdatabaseexa
mples.com
www.tutorialspoint.com/vb.net/vb.net_forms.htm
www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/301618-tutorialvbnet-creating-
windows-form-app-using-notepadcommandprompt/
www.msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms172749.aspx
www.stackoverflow.com