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Research project:
Todays presentation
Main scope of work and target
Main objectives
Main plan, research methodology
Expected results
In-situ freezing testing at the Ulvin access and Gevings rail tunnels
Layout of freezing exposure
Sampling and testing matrix
Time schedule
3 Waterproof tunnel lining with sprayed concrete and bonded membrane
CONTRIBUTING ORGANISATIONS
MAIN SPONSORS: SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS
FROM THE SUPPLIER INDUSTRY
Norwegian National Rail
Administration (Jernbaneverket) BASF Construction Chemicals
Europe AG
Norwegian Public Roads
Administration (Statens Minova International GmbH
Vegvesen)
MAIN GOAL
Through site and laboratory investigations determine if the sprayed
concrete bonded membrane method is suitable for permanent
waterproof tunnel linings in Norwegian rail and road tunnels
MAIN GOAL
Through site and laboratory investigations determine if the sprayed
concrete bonded membrane method is suitable for permanent
waterproof tunnel linings in Norwegian rail and road tunnels
Laboratory
membrane
Engineering geology
6
EXPECTED RESULTS
Provide sufficient decision basis for NNRA (Jernbaneverket) and NPRA (Statens
Vegvesen) to recommend the sprayed concrete and bonded membrane method for
permanent tunnel lining within certain areas of use
- Verify groundwater pressure and groundwater flow situation in the rockmass around a
tunnel lined with this method
- Determine which damage mechanisms occur in the tunnel lining when exposed to
severe freezing loads
- Establish the characteristics of freezing events which lead to damage of the tunnel lining
- Suggest testing methods and acceptance criteria the materials for this tunnel lining
system (membrane and sprayed concrete parametres)
7 Waterproof tunnel lining with sprayed concrete and bonded membrane
- Is there a build-up of water pressure which would imply a different design of the
tunnel lining?
- Montoring of waterpressure
- Detailed investigation of hydraulic conductivity of rock mass
Water drains through joints in the rock mass through invert area
Water pressure negligible
Drained tunnel lining with sprayed concrete and rock bolts Locally undrained tunnel lining with bonded membrane
TEST SITES
TEST SECTION
VENTILATION
CAVERN
19
Test site T-connection. Hydrogeological investigation, monitoring in place
20
Haugesund, T-connection
In-situ water pressure monitoring
21
Sectioning of holes with
multiple packers for pressure
monitoring at different depths
from the tunnel surface
p0 = 98,4 kPa
9m 15m
24
ULVIN S
ACCESS
TUNNEL
ULVIN RAIL
TUNNEL
Vertical section
28
Ulvin south
Typical seepage situation, ch 260-290
30
31
ULVIN SOUTH ACCESS TUNNEL HYDROGEOLOGY
N
80
230
240
290
250
260
270
280
50 kPa
32
ULVIN SOUTH ACCESS TUNNEL
100
HYDROGEOLOGY
110
50 0
a
10
kP
108
97
106 101
97 106
96
Measured water pressures 26. May
2012, after extensive period of rain
P0 = 100.3 kPa
s
m 2/
33
ULVIN SOUTH ACCESS TUNNEL
10 -6
10 -7
50 kPa
10 -8
10 -9
100 0
HYDROGEOLOGY
10 -1
110
50 0
a
10
kP
0
-1
10
-9
10
-8
10
-7
10
-6
108
10
-5
97
m 2 10
/s
106 101
97 106
96
Measured water pressures 26. May
2012 and hydraulic transmissivities
before construction of waterproof tunnel
lining
Freezing durability issue 1: Heat flux analyses between tunnel space and rock mass in order to
determine freezing exposure of the tunnel lining at different and relevant freezing scenarios
Natural through rockmass Natural through rockmass Artificial water exposure, not
11/2011 07/2014 03/2011- 07/2014 ideal
Water exposure
DYNAMIC YOUNGS
MODULUS
STATIC YOUNGS MODULUS &
UCS
SEISMIC VELOCITY AND GEVINGS, ULVIN, SINTEF LAB GEVINGS, ULVIN, SINTEF LAB GEVINGS, ULVIN
ULTRASOUND
SHEAR AND TENSILE BOND
STRENGTH
WATERTIGHTNESS
ELONGATION
230-290 m
4 km
Hommelvi
k
Monitoring of temperature in
tunnel lining and rock mass
Ch 5, L=400mm
Extraction of tunnel Ch 6, L=200mm
Ch 7, L=100mm
Ch 4, L=100mm
Ch 3, L=200mm
Ch 2, L=400mm
Ch 1, L=1000mm
42
SAMPLING OF TUNNEL LINING, ULVIN AND GEVINGS TUNNELS
LOCATION
% OF
CAPILLARY
MEMBRAN
22 POROSITIES Ulvin (BASF
E
20 MS345)
Geving (BASF
18 MS345)
16 Ulvin, 6 month
MACRO POROSITIES (MinovaTekflex
5 DS-M)
2
-300 -200 -100 40 Distance from
membrane (mm)
LOCATION
% OF
CAPILLARY
MEMBRAN
22 POROSITIES Ulvin (BASF
E
20 MS345)
Geving (BASF
18 MS345)
16 Ulvin, 6 month
MACRO POROSITIES (MinovaTekflex
5 DS-M)
2
-300 -200 -100 40 Distance from
membrane (mm)
% DEGREES OF CAPILLARY
SATURATION (DCS) Geving, 13
95
months (BASF
90 MS345)
Ulvin, 6 months
85 (MinovaTekflex
80 DS-M)
Ulvin, 6 month
(BASF MS345)
-300 -200 -100 40 Distance from
membrane (mm)
Freezing damage:
Problem:
(Fagerlund, 1977)
49 Waterproof tunnel lining with sprayed concrete and bonded membrane
53
50 Waterproof tunnel lining with sprayed concrete and bonded membrane
12cm 8cm
Collection of core
samples
51
2.40 m
3.20 m
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1
Freezing lab: All 4 membrane products applied on the sprayed concrete wall
FREEZING LAB
SAMPLE PREPARATIONS, PANELS FOR VERIFICATION OF REFERENCE
(UNFROZEN) CONDITION
Preparation of panels with complete tunnel lining sandwich with four different
membrane products
61
Preparation of panels with complete tunnel lining sandwich with four different
membrane products. Freshly applied membrane.
62
Questions ?
Points of view ?