Académique Documents
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Culture Documents
STEEL HANDBOOI(
Copyright @1994
by
FIDEL R. SARAUSAD
Overall Committee Chairman and Vice-President (1994-1995)
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philipp'ines
Sincere thanks to the Directors, incumbent and ex-officio, who read and
reviewed the manuscripts and who also offered many helpful suggestions.
Sponsor Representative
ROMER S. MONTOYA
Exec. Committee Chairman and President (19S4 - 1995)
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines
Sincere gratitude goes to the committee that handled this project, chaired
by Engr. Fidel R. Sarausad, the ASEP Secretary (in concurrent capacity) and
assisted by hand-picked dedicated experts from among the Officers, Directors
and Members of the ASEP. The Committee did an outstanding job in finishing
the project according to schedule. It provided once more the adage: "If there
is a will, there is away."
Finally, credit is likewise due to the ASEP Officers and Directors for their
patience in reviewing the manuscript, and the pieces of advice given especially
on new sections that were included to this handbook.
Members
Directors
Roberto P. Bernardo
ExOfficio Director
ABBREVIA TIONS
FOREWORD
PART 1
Built-Up Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 to 1-52
PART 2
Cold-Formec: Plate Shapes .... , . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 to 2-20
PART 3
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shilpes . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 to 3-40
PART 4
Rolled Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 to 4-80
PART 5
Metal Decks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 to 5-22
PAI:T 6
Steel Flat Products .... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 to 6-48
PART 7
Design Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 to 7-42
PART 8
Welded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. 8-1 to 8-26
PART 9
Miscellaneous Tables and Data . 9-1 to 9-60
GENERAL
1. The thickness of steel plates for the built-up and bent plate have
been modified. The thickness adopted corresponds to the bar
sizes of reinf'lrcing steel bars primarily to facilitate recollection.
This adaptation eliminates thickness with fractions of millimeters.
The maximum thickness adopted for built-up sections was also
increased from 44 to 45 millimeters. The maximum thickness used
for bent shape~ has been reduced from 25 to 20 millimeters.
2. The thickness of steel sheets for light gage sections have been
modified. The pdopted thickness range from 2.0 to 6.0 millimeters
in increments of 0.5 millimeter. This compares with the thickness
used in the first edition which range from 1.2 to 4.7 millimeters
with varying increments of 0.2 or 0.3 millimeter.
4. Built-up wide flange Tee, BWT, section properties has been added.
6. Part 5, presenting two metal deck shapes has been added to the
handbook. Metal decks are cold-formed light gage shapes and
normally vary with the manufacturer. The handbook limited the
shapes to those shapes locally available.
The hI/owing classifications and designations are used for the different
structural shapes presented in this handbook.
Built-Up Wide-Flange BW H x W
Heavy Column BH H x W
Channel BC H x B x t
Rectangular Tube LR H x B x t
S-Shape S .d x w
Channel C d x w
Structural Tee WT d x w
Angle L H x B x t
Pipe - standard PS d
Pipe - Double-Extra PD d
Metal Deck SD SD Nw x t
CD CD Nw x t
FABRICATED SHAPES
The sections and shapes presented in the first three parts of this
handbook may be referred to as fabricated shapes as they are made from rolled
flat products. These sections are limited therefore by the availability of these
flat products, and the availability and limitations of the equipment required in
the fabrication of these shapes and sections.
There are two general metllods of producing structural shapes from flat
. steel products. One is by welding together plates into the desired shape, and
the other is by cold-forming plates, coils sheets, or strips.
Shapes may also be cold-formed by passing the flat steel products in rolls
until the desired shape is attained, or by press brake bending. For consistency
with common practice, however, these shapes are divided into two classes
depending on the thickness of the base metal used. Cold-formed plate shapes
are produced from plates with thickness greater than or equal to 6.0 millimeter.
Cold-formed light gage shapes, on the other hand, are produced from coils,
sheets, or strips with thickness less than or equal to 6.0 millimeter.
For the sections, the dimensions were chosen such that the optimum
utilization of the available flat products is attained. Furthermore, the dimensions
were chosen such that certain limits given in the provisions of applicable codes
and specifications are not exceeded. These limits are discussed more fully in
the text accompanying each part of this handbook.
Note that the fabrit:ated sections presented are not standard stock
sections. The designer is also in no way limited to the tabulated shapes and
sections. Use of special shapes and sections may be advantageous in some
cases where substantial economy may be derived from its use. Furthermore,
special shapes and section3 may also be required to meet requirements
particular to a given protl(>m.
ROLLED SHAPES
The dimensions and properties shown on the tables are theoretical values
and those of the finished products will be subjected to the usual variatio:ls.
Tolerances not covered shall be based on applicable specifications relating to
each class and. shall be specified by the designer with proper regard to
fabrication and erection requirements.
i'
I
II
PART 1
BUILT-UP SHAPES
NOTES
CONTENTS
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
BW - Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
BH - Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
BWT- Shdpes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1- 3 4
NOMEHCLATURE
Cross-sectional area
Area of compression flange
Flange width
C'c Slenderness ratio of compression elements as
defined in Appendix A of 1992 NSCP, Chapter 4.
Axial compressive stress permitted in a prismatic
member in the absence of bending moment
Specified minimum yield stress of structural steel
Depth of .the section
Clear distance between flailges
Moment of inertia about the X-X axis
Moment of inertia about the Y-Y axis
Effective length factor for prismatic member
Actual unbraced length of compression member mm
Haximum unbraced length of the compression flange
at which the allowable bending stress may be taken
as O.66F y based on NSCP Sect. 4.5.1.4.1 mm
Maximum unbraced length of the compression flange
at which the allowable bending stress may be taken
as O.60F y mm
Beam reSisting moment N-m
Ratio of effective profile area of dn axially
loaded member to its total profile area,
Appendix A, 1992 NSCP
First moment of area of the beam flange about
the neutral axis
Os Axial stress reduction factor where width-
thickness ratio of unstiffened elements exceeds
limiting value given in Sect. 4.9.12,
Appendix A of 1992 NSCP
Radius of gyration of a section comprisinrr the
compression flange plus 1/3 of the compression
web area, taken about an axis in the plane of
the web
Radius of gyration about the X-X axis
Radius of gyration about the Y-Y axis
Elastic section modulus about X-X axis
NOTES
BUILT-UP SHAPES
General
Sectional Dimensions
Sectional Properties
For built-up tees, values of Os and C'c for steel with mini-
mum yield stress, Fy equal to 248 M~a are also tabulated. For
sections with width to thickness ratio of unstiffened projecting
elements of compression flange exceeds 330/IFy as specified in
NSCP Sect. 4.9.1.2, the allowable stress is governed by the
prOV1Slons of Appendix A, Section A2, A5 and A6 of Chapter 4,
Part 2 of the NSCP. Where no values of <)9 and C'c are shown, the
built-up tee conforms to NSCP Sect. 4.9.1.2 and is considered as
fully effective.
Welds
DIMENSIONAL TOLE~\~CES
Built-Up Shapes
A. CROSS-SECTIONAL TOLERANCES
I I
I -----------,-1 1 I
I I I I
IVariation from Specified Dimensions I I I
~I------~I---------I I I
IH,a Depth, mm I B,Flange Width, mm I E, Web IF,b Combined I
lOver Under I Over Under IOff Center I Tilt and I
I mm I mm I mm I Warpage, mm I
I ~I- - - - - - - 1 I I
I I I I I
I 3 3 I 6 3 I 6 IB/100, but notl
I I I Ilessthan6mml
I I [ I I
B. STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCE
I
IMember Length Permissible Variations in
I nun Straightness, nun
I
IColumns Less than 9,100 1 nun x (total length in m)
I 9,100 to 13,700 10 nun
I Over 13,700 10 nun + 1 nun x (total length
I in m - 13.7 m)
I
IBeams wlo
I specified
ICamber or
I Sweep All 1 nun x (total length in m)
I
I I I
IVariable Member IPermissible Variations f~'om Specified I
I I Camber or Sweep,nun I
I I I
ICamber Beams except I 2 nun x (test length in m), but not I
I below a I less than 6 nun I
I I I
I Beams with I I
I top flange I I
I embedded in I 0.5 nun x (total length in m) , but I
I concrete b I not less than 6 nun I
I I I I
I Sweep I Beams I 1 nun x (total length in m) I
I
NOTES
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES
tf~'
III
I
I
I
x--- : ---x T hH
"i~t:,=~JJJ
BW SHAPES
Wt-;= Dimensions
Proptrties
L_1__-J
Weight Ivea Web Flal1ge Distances
Deslgnetion W A H t.", B ~ h T w B/~ HIt.", H/At
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm '11m 1/mm
BW 1oo0x 519 517,94 55,980 1,000 28 450 45 910 994 8 5,00 35,71 0.049
x 497 496,51 63,250 1, (XX) 25 450 45 910 894 8 5,00 40,00 0.049
x 463 463,15 59,000 1,000 25 4BO 40 920 904 8 5,63 40,()() 0,058
x 393 393,29 50,100 1,000 20 460 35 930 914 8 6.43 50,00 0,063
x 373 373,03 47,520 1,000 20 450 32 936 920 9 7,00 50,00 0,0S9
BW 900 x 496 495,96 63,190 900 28 4~ 45 910 794 8 5.00 3;;1,14 0,044
x 444 443,53 58,500 900 25 450 40 920 904 8 5.63 3$,00 0,050
x 410 410,16 52,250 900 25 450 35 esc ~14 8 6.43 36,00 0,r:/S7
x 379 3n.59 46,100 900 20 450 35 830 914 8 6,43 45,00 0,057
x 357 357,33 45,520 900 20 450 32 836 820 9 7,00 45,00 0,063
x 330 330,33 42,090 900 20 450 28 944 929 8 8,04 45,00 0,071
x 304 300,83 38,704 900 16 450 28 944 82S 8 8,04 56,25 0,071
x 283 283,39 36,100 900 16 450 25 850 834 8 9,00 56,25 0,090
BW 900 x 347 347,28 44,240 900 28 300 35 BOO 814 8 4,29 3;;1,14 0,086
x 315 314,7.9 40,100 900 25 300 32 836 820 e 4,69 36,00 0.094
x 264 264,39 33,680 900 20 300 28 944 82S 9 5,36 45,00 0,107
x 239 237,99 30,304 900 16 300 29 944 82S 9 M6 56,25 0,107
x 225 224,(51 28,600 900 16 300 25 950 934 9 6,00 56,25 0,120
x 202 202,22 25,760 900 16 300 20 960 944 9 7,50 56,25 0,H50
8WSHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
0.99 116.1 10,999 21,999 406.3 685 3,045 101.9 25,135 4,.735 BW 1000 x 516
0.69 119.2 10,611 21,522 413.4 685 3,043 104.0 24,514 4,696 x 497
0.67 116.0 9,921 19,643 410.1 509 2,705 101.5 22,570 4,194 x 463
0.66 116.7 6,577 17,354 415.2 532 2,355 100.1 19,523 3,537 x 393
0.95 117.6 6,115 15,231 413.3 467 2,153 101.2 16,320 3,334 x 373
1.00 119.2 6,S46 19,219 370.0 585 3,044 104.1 21,905 4,715 BW 900 x 495
0.99 119.1 7,610 17,355 371.6 509 2,705 100.6 19,693 4,176 x 444
0.95 117.S 7,007 15,746 368.3 53:3 2,367 101.0 17,929 3,673 x 410
0.99 119.6 S,648 15,219 377.3 532 2,365 105.2 17,068 3,627 x 378
0.96 116.9 S,401 14,224 37M 467 2,162 100.4 15,994 3,324 x 357
0.95 117.5 5,794 12,676 371.1 426 1,893 10o.s 14,549 2,919 x :300
0.96 119.7 5,594 12,430 39:).2 426 1,691 104.9 13.637 2,669 x 304
0.95 116.5 5,127 11,393 376.6 390 1,669 102.61:2,734 2,566 x m
0,66 74.0 5,264 11,699 345.0 159 1,060 so. 0 13,905 1,739 BW 900 x 347
0.95 74.2 4,835 10,745 347.2 145 967 SO.2 12,701 1,571 x 315
0.67 75.0 4,197 9,326 353.0 1';:.7 9 61.3 10,99S 1,344 x 264
0.92 76.9 3,996 6,881 363.1 126 942 64.S 10,174 1,314 x 239
0.69 75.9 3,691 a,202 359.2 113 752 62.6 9,.0153 1,179 x 225
0.63 73.7 3,172 7,049 350.9 90 502 59.2 9,236 955 x 202
Ili-:t='c=~r=-TTr
x - - - - !J- - - - x T h H
I~ I
wi~I~~JU
BWSHAPES
Dlmen$lons
Propertils
L~~---J
Weight Area Web FlanQe Distances
Designation W A H tw B tf h T w B/2tf HIt,., H/~
HxW kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BW 9:Xl x 296 296.42 37,760 aoo 20 360 32 736 720 6 5,63 40,00 0.069
x 2~ 275,06 35,040 eoo 20 300 26 744 726 6 6,43 40,00 0,079
x 252 251.70 32,064 9:Xl 16 360 26 744 726 6 6,43 50,00 0.079
x 236 235,50 30,000 eoo 16 360 25 750 734 e 7,20 50,00 0,069
x 212 211.95 27,000 eoo 12 360 25 750 734 6 7,20 66,67 0,069
BW 9:Xl x 212 211.95 27,000 eoo 16 300 25 750 734 6 6,00 50,00 0,107
x 100 189,66 24,160 aoo 16 300 20 760 744 e 7,50 50,00 0,100
BW 700 x 281 260,72 85,760 700 20 360 32 636 620 B 5,63 35,00 0,061
x 261 260,75 00,216 700 16 360 32 636 620 B 5,63 43,75 0,061
x 239 239,14 30,464 700 16 360 26 644 626 8 6,43 43,75 0,069
x 219 218,92 27,999 700 12 360 26 644 626 8 6,43 59,00 0,069
x 203 202,53 25,900 700 12 360 25 650 634 6 7,20 $,$3 0,079
BW SOD x 244 243,66 31,040 BOO 20 360 26 544 526 8 6,43 30,00 0,060
x '227 226,58 28,864 BOO 16 360 26 544 526 B 6,43 37,50 0,060
x 210 210,38 26,900 BOO 16 360 25 550 534 8 7,20 37,50 0,067
x 193 193,11 24,600 BOO 12 360 25 550 534 8 7,20 50,00 0,067
x 166 165,79 21,120 BOO 12 360 20 560 544 8 9.00 50.00 0,0El3
,, l , ,
\ : , , i,
\ \ \ ,I
\
, ! ,
"~~~r-)11
wtL~:_~-W
BWSHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
l-w
Elastio Properties Plastic Modulus
a/I Axis X-X Axis y-y
xi 03 rt I S
3
I
s
S z" 3 z., 3 Designation
/mm mm xi OS xi 0 r x10 xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 HxW
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm3 mm4 mm 3 mm3
1.09 94,4 4,064 10,160 329,1 249 1,385 81.3 11,556 2,147 BW 800 x 296
1,05 93,1 3,591 9,229 324,6 218 1,212 78,9 10,549 1,889 x 275
1.09 95,0 3,554 8,895 332,9 219 1,211 92,5 9,996 1,962 x 252
1.07 94,0 3,288 8,166 330.0 195 1,091 eo,6 9,225 1,668 x 236
1.12 96,2 3,126 7,914 340,2 195 1,091 94,9 8,663 1,647 x 212
1,03 76,9 2,916 7,039 322,9 113 752 64,6 9,063 1,173 BW eoo x 212
0,97 74,9 2,411 6,027 315.9 90 602 61,1 6,990 949 x 190
1,28 95,5 3,001 8,574 289,7 249 1,395 83,5 9,718 2,1'37 BW 700 x 281
1,32 97,0 2,915 8,329 296.3 249 1,394 86.6 9,313 2,114 x 261
1.29 96,1 2,633 7,524 294,0 218 1,211 84,6 8,433 1,856 x 239
1.33 97,9 2,644 7,270 302,1 218 1,210 89.4 8,018 1,839 x 219
1.31 87,1 2,326 6,645 300,3 194 1,081 96,8 7,343 1,643 x 203
1,50 95,7 1,919 6,395 248,6 218 1,212 83,8 7,245 1,859 BW 600 x 244
1.55 97,2 1,865 6,217 254,2 219 1,211 86,9 6,950 1,949 x 227
1,51 96,4 1,711 5,702 252,6 195 1,091 85,2 6,395 1,655 x 210
1.56 98,1 1,655 5,517 259.4 194 1,080 89,9 6,093 1,640 x 193
1.51 96,7 1,387 4,624 25('),3 156 964 85,8 5,117 1,316 x 166
"IJ=r ol-n
x---
y
I----X T h H
__ - --~'-=
i --111 8WSHAPES
Wt,:c----1-- _ ..... Dimensions
Propwtlu
l-~----l
Weight Area Web Flange Dietancee
Designation W A H tw B tf h T w B/~ HIt,. H/Ar
HxW kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BW 600x 196 196,44 23,750 600 20 255 25 5SO 53<1 9 e,10 ~,OO 0.094
x 169 169,17 21,550 600 16 205 25 550 ~ 9 5,10 37,50 0,094
x 150 150.41 19,160 600 16 255 20 560 544 9 6,39 37,50 0,119
x 133 132,92 16,920 600 12 255 20 560 544 9 6,39 50,00 0,119
x 119 117,56 14,976 600 12 255 16 569 554 7 7,97 50,00 0,147
BW 600 x 157 157,39 20,050 600 16 225 25 550 634 8 4,50 37,50 0,107
x 140 140,12 17,850 600 12 225 25 5t'O 534 8 4,50 50,00 0,107
x 123 123.40 15,720 600 12 225 20 560 544 8 5,63 50,00 0,133
x 101 101 ,11 12,980 600 10 225 16 569 554 7 7,03 60,00 0,167
8W 600 x 90 99,60 11,440 600 10 190 16 569 554 7 5,63 60,00 0,209
x 79 79,13 10,090 600 10 190 12 576 566 5 7,50 60,00 0.279
8W 450 x 191 191.37 23,104 450 16 300 29 3$<, 378 9 5.36 29,13 0,054
x 168 167,99 21,400 450 is 000 25 400 394 8 6,00 29,13 0,060
x 155 155.43 19,900 450 12 300 25 400 394 9 6,00 37,50 0,060
x 133 132,92 16,920 450 12 300 20 410 394 9 7,50 37,50 0,075
x 109 100,17 13,790 450 10 300 16 419 404 7 9,39 45,00 0,094
BW 450 x 101 101.42 12,920 450 12 200 20 410 394 9 5,00 37,50 0,113
x 95 94,99 12,100 450 10 200 20 410 394 e 5,00 45,00 0,113
x 63 93,05 10,590 450 10 200 16 419 404 7 S,25 45,00 0,141
II~ TI
11
i:1- - - - x
x -:..- - - T h H
BWSHAPES
Dimensions
Jill
Wt-;:::II _I-Iw
L ~ I
Proper~es
1.36 64,9 1,332 4,439 236.8 69 545 54,1 5,179 969 BW 600 x 196
1,44 85.4 1,278 4,255 243,4 89 543 56,7 4,976 848 x 189
1.35 64,7 1,092 3,641 230,8 55 435 53,9 4,212 69S x 150
1.43 66,7 1,034 3,44$, ~47,2 55 434 57,2 3,999 670 x 133
1.36 65,1 679 2,931 242,3 44 347 54.4 3,351 541 x 119
1,40 57,8 1,152 3,641 239,7 48 424 48,7 4,444 668 BW 600 x 157
1.47 59.4 1,097 3,656 2'17,9 48 423 51.6 4,142 653 x 140
1.40 58,1 93S 3,109 243,S 38 338 49,2 3,551 52S x 123
1.37 57,8 787 2,558 244,0 30 270 48,6 2,909 419 x 101
1.96 52,8 439 1,951 164,3 27 267 45,5 2,224 415 BW 450 x 101
201 53.4 426 1,900 169 0 27 267 47,0 2, 140 410 x 95
1.92 52,3 362 1,811 18-'3 1 21 214 44,9 1,8-26 330 x as
ff
i 7-=rl1f
x- - - -It --- xT
=J ,_lJ I
h H
w eWSHAPES
Wt -l Dimensions
-'--~T--~-"---'~~ ---.- t
Properties
L-~--1
Weight Nee Web Fiance Distances
Designation W A H tw B ~ h T W B/2tl HIt., H/~
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BW 450 x 70 70.49 9,SSO 450 10 150 16 419 404 7 4.69 45.00 0.199
x 55 5M1 7,009 450 9 150 12 426 416 5 6.:25 56.:25 0.250
x 51 50.55 6,440 450 9 150 10 430 420 5 7.50 56.:25 0.300
BW $50 x 75 75.20 9,580 850 10 200 16 319 304 7 6.25 35.00 0.109
x 70 70.21 6,944 :350 9 200 15 216 804 7 5.25 43.75 0.109
x 59 58.15 7,408 350 6 200 12 325 316 5 6.33 43.75 0.146
BW 350 x 54 54.39 6,929 350 6 180 12 325 316 5 7.50 43.75 0.162
x 49 48.96 6,240 :350 6 180 10 330 320 5 9.00 43.75 0.194
x 44 43.60 5,590 350 6 160 10 330 320 5 9.00 59.33 0,194
ew 350 x 34 34.39 4,390 350 6 120 10 330 320 5 6.00 59.33 0,292
x 31 30.60 3,924 350 6 120 9 334 324 5 7.50 56.33 0.395
BW 300 x 51 51.24 6,529 300 9 180 12 276 266 5 7.50 37.50 (), 139
x 47 46.91 5,976 300 6 180 12 275 266 5 7.50 50.00 0.139
x 41 41.45 5,260 300 5 180 10 280 270 5 9.00 50.00 0.167
BW 300 x 29 26.89 3,660 300 6 100 10 260 270 5 5.00 50.00 D.300
x 25 25,94 3,304 300 5. 100 9 294 274 5 6.25 50.00 0,375
x Zl 22.98 2,926 300 6 100 6 266 279 5 9.33 50,00 0,500
-T1-
y
,~-
Irt=-+-
WI
= ~lll=-1-1
:
x---- :----x Th H
BWSHAPES
Dimensions i -c _
W jew
I
,ill
Properties
I
.;---------~
~ I
1.91 89,1 297,0 1,276 178.9 9,0 120 31.7 1,478 190 BW 450 x 70
1. 76 37,9 224,2 997 178,9 6,8 90 31.1 1,151 142 x 55
1.66 36.9 199.2 861 175,4 5,6 75 29,6 1,030 119 x 51
2,60 53,5 205.4 1,174 146,4 21.4 214 47.2 1,322 328 BW 350 x 75
2.67 54,3 200.1 1,143 149.6 21,3 213 48.9 1,271 325 x 70
2,53 53.1 160.2 916 147.1 16.0 160 46.5 1,024 245 x 58
2.49 47.4 146.5 837 1454 11.7 130 41.1 943 200 BW 350 x 54
2.39 46.6 128.0 732 143.2 9.7 108 39.5 830 167 x 49
2,51 47,9 122.0 697 147,9 9,7 108 41.7 775 165 x 44
3,00 48,0 103.6 691 1260 11.7 130 42.3 774 199 BW 300 x 51
3,11 49.9 100.1 669 129.5 11.7 130 44,2 736 197 x 47
3. 01 48.3 86.7 678 128.1 9.7 108 42.9 640 165 x 41
"~~r=o~m
-li 1 6WSHAPES
w
i-;= JI~~
-': -I.
, -
Dimensions
Properties
L-~---J
Weight Area Web Flange Distance;
Designation W A H ~ B t f h T w B/2tf H/~ H/A, .
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm min mm 1/mm
SW 2rox 42 42.45 5,409 2ro 9 1ro 12 226 216 5 6.25 31.25 0.139
x 39 39.90 4,956 2ro 6 1ro 12 226 216 5 6.25 41.67 0.139
x 34 34.38 4,380 250 6 150 10 230 220 5 7.50 41.67 0,167
SW 250 x 27 26,53 3,380 250 6 100 10 230 220 5 5.00 41,67 0.250
x 24 23.58 3,004 250 6 100 8 234 224 15 6.25 41.67 0.313
x 21 20.63 ~628 2ro 6 100 6 238 228 5 8.33 41.67 0.417
BW 200 x 39 39.31 5,008 200 8 150 12 176 166 5 6.25 25.00 0.111
x 32 32.03 4,080 200 6 150 10 180 170 5 7.50 33.33 0.133
8W 200 x 31 30,90 3,936 200 6 120 12 176 166 15 5,00 33,33 0,139
x 27 27,32 3,490 200 6 120 10 190 170 5 6.00 33,33 0,167
x 24 23,74 3,024 200 6 120 9 194 174 5 7,ro 33,33 0,206 i
8W 200 x 27 27.00 3,440 200 8 100 10 180 170 5 5.00 25.00 0.200
x 24 24.18 3,080 200 6 100 10 100 170 15 5.00 33.33 0.200
x 21 21.23 ~704 200 6 100 e 194 174 5 6,25 33.33 0.250
;
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Built-Up Shapes 1-23
IIP-li
wi- :
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BWSHAPES
Dlmen$lons
Properties y
I G
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Elastic Prcperties Plastic Modulus
OJI Axis x-x AxisY-Y
xi OS rt I S I S ~ z., 3 Designation
/mm mm x1(f xi OS r xi 06 xi 03 r xi 03 xi 0 HxW
mm 4
mm s mm mm4 mm s mm mm3 mms
3,65 40,1 59,7 470 104,2 6,9 90 35.4 581 139 BW 250 x 42
3,77 40,9 56,9 454 1O{, 1 6,9 90 36,9 505 137 x S9
3,65 40,3 49,3 394 106,1 5,6 75 35,9 439 115 x 34
4,77 40,7 35,5 315 84,2 6,9 90 36,7 400 138 BW 200 x S9
4,75 40,9 30,0 SOC 85,9 5,6 75 37,1 334 114 x 32
L---~----J
Weight Area Web Flanae Dietanoes
Desi gnation -w A H tw B tf h T w B/2I f HIt". H/~
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BH 700 x 700 700,22 69,200 700 32 700 50 600 594 9 7,00 21,89 0,020
x 691 691,39 96,900 700 29 700 50 600 594 9 7,00 25,00 0,020
x 629 62963 90,090 700 29 700 45 610 594 9 7,79 25,00 0,022
x 614 614,26 79,250 700 25 700 45 610 594 9 7,79 29,00 0,022
x 508 508,29 64,750 700 25 700 35 630 614 8 10,00 29,00 0,029
x 484 483,66 61,600 700 20 700 35 630 614 8 10,00 35,(1() 0,029
BH 600 x 536 636,00 68,280 600 28 600 45 610 494 8 6,67 21.43 0,022 '
x 524 523,99 66,760 600 25 600 45 610 494 9 6,67 24,00 0,022
x 479 479,95 61,000 600 26 600 40 520 504 9 7,50 24,00 0,025
x 458 459.44 59,400 600 20 600 40 520 504 9 7,50 30,00 0,025
x 413 412,91 52,600 600 20 600 35 530 ,314 9 9,57 30,00 0,029
x 396 3&5,59 49,120 600 20 600 32 536 520 9 9,39 30,00 0.031
BH 450 x 423 423,27 53,920 450 16 600 40 370 ~ 9 7,50 29,13 0.019
x 412 411,65 52,440 450 12 600 40 370 354 9 7,60 37,50 0.019
x 366 365,50 46,560 450 12 600 35 390 364 9 9,57 37,50 0,021
j
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Dimensions wi-
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Properties
L-~-J
Elastio Properties Plastic Modulus
Q~I Axis X-X Axis y-y
x1(il rt I S I S z" 3 ?y, Designation
/mm mm xi OS xi oj r xi OS xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 3 HxW
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm3 mm3
1.42 1934 7,984 22,812 299,2 2,860 8,171 179,1 25,630 12,404 8H 700 x 700
1.44 194,4 7,912 22,607 301.9 2,~9 8,170 181 ,~ 25,270 12,368 x 691
1,41 193,5 7,297 20,950 301.9 2,574 7,353 179,3 23,237 11,145 x 629
1.42 194,4 7,241 20,698 304,2 2,573 7,352 191,3 22,958 11,120 x 614
1.(37 192.0 5,943 16,981 3030 2,002 5,719 175.9 19,773 8,673 x 508
1.40 193.9 5,939 16,693 307,9 2, 001 5,718 180,2 18,277 8,638 x 484
1.B7 100,0 4,477 14,923 256.1 1,621 5,403 154,1 16,806 8,200 8H 600 x 536
1.59 166.9 4,444 14,813 258,0 1,621 5,402 155,9 16,611 8,180 x 524
1.SS 165.9 4,083 13,542 258.1 1,441 4,802 153,7 15,130 7,281 x 479
1.69 167.3 4,004 13,O~6 261.9 1,440 4,801 157,0 14,792 7,252 x 459
1.~ 100.3 3,6Q.4 12,014 261.9 1,260 4,201 154,8 13,270 6,353 x 413
1.62 16~,7 3,357 11,19:) 261.4 1,152 3,841 153,2 12,342 5,914 x 396
2.35 169.9 2,091 9,294 196.9 1,440 4,800 163.4 10,388 7,224 8H 450 x 423
2.37 17M 2,074 9,219 198,9 1,440 4,800 165,7 10,251 7,213 x 412
2.33 170.2 1,888 8,300 20D.3 1,260 4,200 164,5 9,148 6,314 x 365
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wiL Dimensions
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Weight A Wflb Flange Dililtancee
Designation W x10S H Iw B ~ h T w B/2tt HIt,. H/At
HxW kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm rf'lm mm mm mm 1/mm
BH 450 x 441 441.17 (56,200 450 32 450 6') ~ 334 8 4,50 14,06 0.020
x 430 400,19 ~,900 450 29 450 50 350 334 9 4,50 16.07 0,020
x 397 397,Oe 5O,eeO 450 29 450 'lei 360 344 9 e,oo 16,07 0,022 i
x 369 399.69 49,500 450 ~ 450 'Ie 380 344 9 e,oo 19,00 0,022
x 322 321,96 41,000 450 2!5 450 ~ 300 384 8 6,43 19,00 0,029
x 007 :306.94 39,100 450 20 450 35 380 364 8 6.43 22,50 0.029
x 007 306.94 39,100 450 20 450 35 380 3S4 8 6,43 22,50 0.029
x 280 259.68 33,060 450 20 450 29 394 378 8 8.04 22,50 0,036
8H 350 x 237 236,99 00,190 350 25 360 32 28S 270 8 5,63 14,00 0.030
x 226 ~,77 29,760 350 20 360 32 296 270 8 5,63 17,50 0,030
x 204 204,41 26,040 350 20 360 29 294 278 8 6.43 17,50 0,035
x 204 204.41 26,040 350 20 360 29 294 278 8 6,43 17,50 0,035
x 198 188.40 24,000 350 20 sec ~ 300 284 8 7,20 17,50 0.039
x 179 179.98 22,800 350 16 360 2!5 300 284 8 7,20 21,86 0.039
x 170 169,56 21,600 350 12 360 25 300 294 8 7,20 29,17 0.039
x 142 142,24 18,120 350 12 350 20 810 294 8 9,00 29.17 0.049
x 1S7 137,38 17,500 350 10 360 20 310 294 8 9,00 35,00 0,049
8H 350 x 149 149,02 18,984 350 18 255 29 294 278 8 4,55 21.88 0,049
x 140 139,79 17,808 350 12 255 29 294 278 8 4,55 29,17 0.049
x 128 128,35 16,350 350 12 2!55 2!5 300 294 8 e,10 29,17 O.~
x 124 123,64 16,7!50 350 10 255 25 300 294 8 5,10 35,00 O,~
x 104 104.41 13,300 350 10 255 20 310 294 9 6.38 ~,OO 0.069
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Properties ,
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Elastic Properties Plastic Modulus
OJI Axis X-X AxisY-Y
. x103 rt I 8 I 8 Zy Designation
6 3 6
z" 3
/mm mm xi 0 xi 0 r x10 xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 3
HxW
mm 4 mm 3
mm mf!l4 mm3 mm mm3 mm3
2.34 124.8 1,924 8,550 185.0 760 3,879 1j 6.3 9,980 5,152 BH 450 x 441
2.36 125.4 1,909 8,486 186.7 760 3,878 117.8 9,858 5,131 x 430
2,31 124,8 1,776 7,895 187.4 684 3,040 116.3 9,108 4,627 x 397
2,32 125.3 1,765 7,844 188,8 684 3,040 117,5 9,011 4,613 x 389
2,22 123.8 1,474 6,!'i50 189,6 532 2,365 1139 7,439 3,603 x 322
2.25 125.0 1, 151 6,449 192,6 532 2,364 1166 7,258 3,582 x 307
2,25 125.0 -, ,451 6,449 192.6 532 2,364 116.6 7,258 3,582 x 307
2,17 123.6 1,226 5,447 192.5 426 1,891 113.4 6,093 2,874 x 260
2,89 98,9 633 3,618 14'.. 'l 249 1,384 90.9 4,175 2,118 BH 350 x 237
2,94 99.9 623 3,562 147.2 249 1,383 93,1 4,072 2,102 x 226
2,87 99,2 566 3,,'136 147,5 218 1,211 915 3,678 1,844 x 204
2,87 99,2 566 3,236 147.5 218 1,211 91,5 3,678 1,844 x 204
2,91 99,6 521 2,979 147,4 195 1,081 90,0 3,375 1,650 x 189
2,96 99.6 512 2.927 149.9 195 1,081 92.4 3,285 1,639 x 179
2.91 100,6 503 2,876 152.6 194 1,080 94.9 3,195 1,631 x 170
2,91 99.7 422 2,413 152.7 156 864 92.7 2,664 1,307 x 142
2,85 100.4 417 2,385 154.4 156 864 94.3 2,616 1,304 x 137
2,94 69.9 405 2, 314 146.1 77 608 63.9 2,645 929 BH 350 x 149
2,90 70,9 396 2,266 149,2 77 607 65,9 2,558 921 x 140
2,94 70.4 364 2,082 149,3 69 542 65,0 2,342 824 x 129
2,99 70,9 360 2,056 151.2 69 542 662 2,297 820 x 124
2,79 70,1 303 1,731 150,9 55 434 64.5 1,923 658 x 104
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BH 300 x 333 332.94 42,400 300 32 360 50 200 194 9 3.60 9.39 0.017
x 327 326.56 41,600 300 29 360 50 200 194 8 3.60 10.71 0.017
x 300 300.60 39,280 300 28 3eo 45 210 194 8 4.00 10.71 0.019
x 296 295.55 37,650 300 25 360 45 210 194 8 4.00 12.00 0.019
x 259 259.74 32,960 300 25 360 39 224 209 e 4.74 12.00 0.022
x 250 249.94 31,840 300 20 360 38 224 208 8 4.74 15.00 0.022
x 218 217.92 27,760 300 20 360 32 236 220 8 5.63 15.00 0.026
x 197 196.56 25,040 300 20 360 28 244 228 8 6.43 15.00 0.030
x 191 180.55 23,000 300 20 360 25 250 234 8 7.20 15.00 0.033
BH 300 x 170170.19 21,680 300 20 300 28 244 228 9 5.36 15.00 0.036
x 163162.53 20,704 300 16 300 29 244 228 8 Me 16.75 0.036
x 149149.15 19,000 300 16 300 25 250 234 8 6.00 16.75 0.040
x 141141.30 16,000 300 12 800 25 250 234 6 6.00 25.00 0.040
x 119119.69 15,120 300 12 300 20 260 244 6 7.50 25.00 0.050
x 115114.61 14,SOO 300 10 300 20 260 244 8 7.50 30.00 0.050
x 96 96.40 12,280 300 10 300 16 268 254 7 9.39 30.00 0.063
x 92 92.19 11,744 300 8 300 16 268 254 7 9.39 37.50 0.063
BH 300 x 85 85.09 10,840 300 10 255 16 :':013 254 7 7.97 30.00 0.074
x 61 90.99 10,304 300 9 255 16 ;268 254 7 7.97 37.50 0.074
BH 300 x 79 77.56 9,980 300 10 225 16 269 254 7 7.02 30,00 0,093
x 64 64.06 8,160 300 10 225 12 276 266 5 9.,19 30.00 0.111
x 60 59.72 7,609 300 9 2Z'S 12 276 2661 5 9.39 37.50 0.111
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Qll Axis X-X Axis y-y
x1Q3 rl I S I S Z. 3 Zy Designation
3
/mm mm xi 06 xi 03 r xi 06 xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 HxW
mm 4
mm 3 mm mm 4
mm 3
mm mm3 mm 3
3,80 101,0 591 3,942 118,1 389 2,163 95,8 4,820 3,291 SH 300 x 333
3,82 101.3 589 3,924 119,0 389 2,162 96,7 4,780 3,279 x 327
3,71 100,8 546 3,643 121.1,5 343 1,903 95.4 4,370 2,893 x 295
3,73 101,1 544 3,627 121.3 342 1,902 96,2 4,336 2,ee4 x 290
3,61 100,5 496 3,308 122,7 296 1,643 94,7 3,898 2,497 x 259
3.55 101,2 492 8,277 124,3 296 1,642 96.4 3,835 2,485 x 250
3.53 100,5 438 2,917 125.6 249 1,383 94,7 3,366 2,097 x 218
3,44 100,0 398 2,re6 126,1 218 1,211 93,3 3,039 1,839 x 197
3,37 99.4 367 2,449 126.4 195 1,081 92,0 2,788 1,645 x 181
.
3.40 82,7 336 2,240 124,5 126 841 76,3 2,582 1,294 SH 300 x 170
3.45 83,4 331 2,209 125,5 126 841 78,0 2,523 1,276 x 163
:3,:38 8:3,0 305 2,035 126,7 113 751 770 2,313 1,141 x 149
3,44 83,9 300 2,000 129,1 113 750 79,1 2,250 1,134 x 141
3,32 83,1 253 1,688 129,4 90 600 77.2 1,883 909 x 119
3,3S 83.6 250 1,668 130,9 90 600 78,5 1,949 907 x 115
3,25 82,9 210 1,399 130,7 72 480 76,6 1,543 727 x 96
3,30 93,5 207 1,377 132,6 72 480 78,3 1,507 724 x 92
3,21 69,9 181 1,205 129,1 44 347 63,9 1,338 527 BH 300 x 85
3,25 70,5 178 1,184 131,3 44 347 65,5 1,302 524 x 81
3,17 51.3 151 1,075 127,9 30 270 55,5 1,202 412 SH 300 x 78
3,00 60,0 130 964 125.0 23 203 52,9 968 311 x 54
3,08 60,9 126 840 128,7 28 203 54,7 930 808 x 50
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Weight Area ~Fianae Distanoes
Designation W A H tw B tf h r w B/2tf H/t,.., H/~
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
SH 250 x 157 157.31 20,040 250 20 255 32 196 170 9 3.99 12.50 0.031
x 143 142.56 19,160 250 20 255 28 194 179 8 4.55 12.50 0.035
x 125 125.21 15,950 250 16 255 25 200 194 8 5,10 15,63 0.039
x 119 119.93 15,150 250 12 255 25 200 184 8 5.10 20,83 0,039
x 100 99.85 12,720 250 12 255 20 210 194 8 6,38 20,83 0.049
x 81 81.17 10,340 250 10 255 16 219 204 7 7.97 25.00 0.061
x 78 77.75 9,904 250 8 255 16 218 204 7 7.97 31.25 0.061
BH 250 x 67 67.35 8,580 250 10 200 16 218 204 7 6.25 25.00 0.078
x 52 51.87 6,608 250 8 200 12 226 216 5 8.33 31.25 0.10<1
x 46 45,84 5,940 250 8 200 10 230 220 5 10.00 31.25 0.125
SH 200 x 97 97,34 12,400 200 16 200 25 150 134 8 4,00 12,50 0.040
x 83 82,90 10,560 200 16 200 20 160 144 8 5,00 12,50 O.~O
x 78 . 77.87 9,920 200 12 200 20 160 144 8 5.00 16.67 0,050
x 75 75.36 9,600 200 10 200 20 160 144 8 5.00 20.00 0.050
x 63 63.43 8,060 200 10 200 16 168 154 7 6.25 20,00 0.063
x 51 51.50 6,560 200 10 200 12 176 166 5 9.33 20.00 0.083
x 49 48.73 6,206 200 8 200 12 176 168 5 8.33 25.00 0,083
SH 200 x 39 39.31 5,008 200 8 150 12 175 166 5 6.25 25,00 0,111
x 37 36.55 4,656 200 6 150 12 176 166 5 6.25 33,33 0,1111
x 32 32,03 4,080 200 6 150 10 190 170 5 7,00 33.33 0.133 !
.-
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OJI Axis X-X Axis y-y
x10s rt I S ! S Z. Zy Desig nati on
/mm mm x10 6 x10" r x10 6 x10s r x10 3 x103 HxW
mm4 mm 3
mm ml':1 mm4 3
mm mm3 mrn3
4,32 71.0 20 i,O 1,649 101.4 99.6 695 66.5 1,952 1,059 BH 250 x 157
4,19 70,5 139,0 1,512 102.0 77.5 1309 65,3 1,773 930 x 143
4,15 70.7 172,7 1,392 104,1 69,2 542 65.9 1,594 826 x 125
4,22 71.4 170.0 1,S60 105("- 69,1 542 67,5 1,554 820 x 119
4,06 70,9 144,5 1,156 106.~ 55.3 434 65.9 1,305 658 x 100
8,96 70,5 120.5 964 108.C, 44.2 347 65.4 1,074 526 x 81
4,02 71.1 118.8 9'50 109.5 44.2 347 66.8 ! 1,050 524 x 78
8.88 54.7 96,4 771 106.0 21,4 214 49.91 868 325 BH 250 x 67
8.77 54,4 75.7 606 107,1 16.0 160 49.2 673 244 x 52
3,65 53,9 65,7 526 106,1 13,3 133 47,8 596 204 x 46
5,36 I 55,6 91,6 916 81,1 33.4 334 51.9 965 510 BH 200 x 97
5,10 54,9 70,5 705 81.7 26,7 267 50,3 822 410 x 93
5,21 55,6 69,2 692 83,5 26,7 267 51.9 797 406 x 78
5,26 55.9 69.5 685 84.5 26.7 267 52.7 784 404 x 75
5,05 55.4 58,3 583 84.9 21.3 213 514 659 324 x 63
4,80 54.5 47,0 470 84,7 16,0 160 49.4 529 244 x 51
4,89 55,1 46.1 461 86,2 16,0 160 50.8 513 243 x 49
4,77 40,7 35,5 355 84,2 6.8 90 36,7 400 138 8H 200 x 39
4,69 41,3 34,6 346 96,2 6.8 90 38,1 385 137 x 37
4,75 40,9 30,0 300 85,9 5,6 75 37,1 334 1j 4 x 32
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Designation W A H tl'! B tf h T w B!2t f H!t,., H!Ar
HxW kg!m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1!mm
8H 200 x 27 27,32 3,480 200 6 120 10 180 170 5 6,00 33,33 0,167
x 24 23,74 3,024 200 6 120 8 184 174 5 7,50 33.33 0.206
i i
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Dimensions
-1: -tw I Properties
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8WT 500 x 249 249,26 31,625 500 25 ~2,5 12,500 450 45 22,5 455 447 e
x 230 230.40 29,350 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 45 22,5 455 447 e
x 214 213,52 27,200 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 40 20,0 460 452 e
x 197 196,64 25,050 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 35 17,5 465 4~ e
x 197 19652 23,760 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 32 16,0 469 490 8
BWT 450 x 238 239.44 30,375 450 25 12,5 11,250 450 45 22,5 405 397 8
x 222 221.76 29,250 45,1 25 12,0 11,250 450 40 20,0 410 402 e
x 206 205.67 26,200 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 40 20,0 410 402 e .i
x 199 198,79 24,050 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 35 17,5 415 407 e
)( 119 179,67 22,760 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 32 16,0 419 410 e
x 16iS 16iS,16 21,040 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 29 14,0 <22 414 e
x 152 151.91 19,352 450 16 9,0 7,200 450 29 14,0 422 414 e
x 142 141,69 19,050 450 16 9,0 7,200 450 25 12,5 425 417 e
8WT 450 x 149 147,59 19,900 450 20 10,0 9,00D 300 35 17,5 415 407 e
x 141 140,99 17,960 450 20 10,0 9,000 300 32 16,0 419 410 e
x 132 132,19 16,940 450 20 10,0 9,000 300 29 14,0 422 414 e
x 119 119,94 15,152 450 16 9,0 7,200 300 29 14,0 422 414 e
x 112 112,26 14,300 450 16 9,0 7,200 300 25 12,5 425 417 e
x 101 101.11 12,980 450 16 9,0 7,200 300 20 10,0 430 422 e
lire: ~rI
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BWTSHAPES
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Dimensions
Properties -~W-Iw
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Elastic P'operties 21T2E
C'c = - -
Axis X-X AxisY-Y O,Oly
H/~ I I S I S O. = 1.0 Designation
x106 x103 r y x10 6 x103 r HxW
mm 4 mm3 mm mm mm4 mm 3 mm O. C'o
20,00 654,9 1,690 143,9 112,4 342,3 1,521 104,0 - - - - ---- BWT 500 x 248
25,00 552,8 1,382 137,2 100.0 342,0 1,520 108,0 0,845 137 x 230
25,()(J 545,1 1,379 141,6 104,6 304,1 1,351 105,7 0,845 1:,7 x 214
25,00 534,6 1,372 146,1 110,3 266,1 1,183 103,1 0,845 137 x 197
25,00 526,6 1,366 148,9 114,5 243,3 1,081 101,2 0,845 137 x 187
19,00 493,~ 1,372 126,2 97,5 342,2 1,521 106,1 - - - - ---- BWT 450 x 239
19,00 476,6 1,369 129,9 101,6 804,3 1,352 103,8 ---- - - - - x m
22,50 402,5 1,119 123,9 90,4 304,0 1,351 107,7 0,951 129 x 206
22,50 395.9 1,116 128,3 95,2 266,1 1,182 105,2 0,951 129 x 189
22,50 '390,7 1,112 131,0 98,6 243,3 1,081 103.4 0,951 129 x 179
22,50 382,0 1,105 134,7 104,3 212,9 946 100,6 0_951 129 x 165
28,13 323,6 905 129,3 92,5 212,8 946 104,9 0,703 150 x 152
28,13 317,5 900 132,6 97,3 190,0 844 102,6 0,703 150 x 142
22,50 354,9 1,005 137,4 116.8 79,0 527 64,8 0,951 129 BWT 450 x 149
22,50 348,9 1,059 139.4 1t'0,7 72,3 482 63.4 0,951 129 x 141
22,50 339,9 1,049 141,9 126,8 63,3 422 61,8 0,951 129 x 132
28,13 290,2 965 139,4 114,3 63,1 421 64,6 0,703 H50 x 119
28,13 293,3 957 140,9 119,5 56.4 376 62,9 0,703 150 x 112
28,13 269,5 839 1-14.4 130,2 45,1 301 59,2 0,703 150 x 101
Where no value of C', 01 C, 10 ohown, the oectlon complies with NSCP Sectk>n 4,9,1,2
8
I~-I
~!~ c::==:; =:::J~"
8WT 400 x 149 149,21 19,990 400 20 10,0 9,000 380 32 16.0 '369 3eO 9
x ~38 137,53 17,520 400 20 10,0 8,000 3eO 28 14,0 372 364 9
x 126 125.85 16,032 400 16 8.0 6,4C'O 860 29 140 872 364 9
x 118 117,75 15,000 400 16 8,0 6,400 860 25 12,5 375 387 9
x 106 105.99 18,500 400 12 6,0 4,800 360 25 12,5 875 387 8
8WT 400 x 106 10M9 13,500 400 1e 9,0 6,400 300 25 12,5 375 387 9
x 95 94,93 12,090 400 16 9,0 6,400 300 20 10.0 390 372 9
SWT 350 x 140 140,36 17,990 350 20 10,0 7,000 380 82 16.0 318 310 9
x 130 130,37 16,609 350 16 9,0 MOO 380 32 16.0 319 310 9
x 120 119,57 15,232 350 16 9.0 5,600 380 29 14.0 322 314 8
x 109 109.46 13,944 350 12 6.0 4,200 380 28 14.0 322 814 9
x 101 101.27 12,900 350 12 6.0 4,200 360 25 12,5 325 317 9
8WT 300 x 122 121.83 15,520 300 20 10.0 6,000 380 28 14.0 272 264 8
x 113 113,29 14,432 300 16 9,0 4,900 380 29 14,0 272 364 8
x 105 105,19 13,400 300 16 9,0 4,900 3eO 25 12,5 275 267 9
x 97 96,56 12,300 300 12 6,0 3,600 360 25 12,5 275 267 e
x 93 82,90 10,560 300 12 6,0 3,600 3eO 20 10.0 290 272 8 i
8
r--Y-i
w! ~~]F
1Ft I -'-1
Y
8WTSHAPES '-----!----X-1 !I
Dimensions
Properties -'If I..;
I
Y
-J
Elastic Properties C'o =2rc
--
2E
20.00 263.7 962 119.2 94.0 124.7 693 81.3 ---- ---- 8WT 400 x 149
20.00 257.7 956 121.3 98.9 109.1 606 79.9 ---- ---~- x 138
25.00 219.0 702 1169 88.3 109.0 606 82.5 0.845 137 x 126
25.00 214.9 698 119.7 92.5 97.3 541 80.6 0.845 137 x 118
33.33 173.2 540 113.3 79.2 97.3 540 84.9 0.501 178 x 106
25.00 204.0 693 122.9 101.4 56.4 376 64.6 0.845 137 8WT 400 x 106
25.00 194,2 671 126.8 110,7 45,1 301 61.1 0,845 137 x 95
17,50 180,1 663 ~OO.4 78,2 124,6 692 83,5 ---- - - - - 8WT 350 x 140
21.89 151,9 542 95,6 69,6 124.5 692 86,6 0,978 128 x 130
21.89 149.6 540 99.1 73.2 109,0 605 84.6 0.978 128 x 120
29,17 119.6 416 S2,6 62.5 108.9 805 88.4 0.654 156 x 109
29,17 118,1 415 95.7 65.4 97.2 540 86.8 0.654 156 x 101
15,00 113.7 487 85,6 66,6 109.0 606 83.8 ---- ---- BWT 300x 122
19,75 9M 398 91.5 59,2 109,0 605 86,9 ---,,- ---- x 113
19,75 94,7 397 94,1 61,9 97,3 541 95,2 ---- ---- x 105
25.00 75,6 306 79,4 527 97,2 540 89,9 0,945 137 x 97
25.00 73,7 304 83.6 57,7 77.9 432 95,8 0,845 137 x 93
I Where no value of C', or Q, 10 ohown, the oectlon complleo with NSCP Sect. 4,9,1,2
I y----r
8
,- - r---,--1- ,
"9col~otl
W I
-it- 'w
Y
H 8WTSHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
eWT 300 x 93 93,22 11,975 300 20 10,0 6,000 255 25 12,5 275 267 9
x ~ 94,59 10,775 300 16 9,0 4,90 255 25 12,5 275 267 9
x 75 75,20 9,590 300 16 9,0 4,900 255 20 100 290 272 9
x 66 66.41 9,460 300 12 6,0 3,600 255 20 10,0 290 272 9
x 59 59,79 7,499 300 12 6,0 3,600 255 16 9,0 294 277 7
8WT SOOx 79 79,70 10,025 300 16 8,0 4,900 225 25 12,5 275 267 8
x 65 65,05 9,28S 300 12 6,0 3,600 225 22 11,0 279 270 8
x 60 60.03 7,647 300 12 6,0 3,600 225 19 9,5 291 274 7
x 51 50,55 6,440 300 10 5,0 3,000 225 16 8,0 284 277 7
eWT 300 x 45 44,90 5,720 300 10 es.o s.oOO 190 16 8,0 294 277 7
x 40 39,56 5,040 300 10 5,0 3,000 180 12 6,0 299 283 ~
eWT 225 x 91 90,69 11,552 225 16 ao 3,600 300 29 14,0 197 199 e.
x94 84,00 10,700 225 16 8,0 3,600 300 25 12,5 200 192 8
x 78 77.72 9,900 225 12 6,0 2,700 300 25 12,5 200 192 e
x 66 66,41 8,4S0 225 12 6,0 2,700 SOO 20 10,0 205 197 e
x 54 54,09 6,990 225 10 5,0 2,250 300 16 9,0 209 202 7
eWT 225 x 51 50,71 6,460 225 12 $,0 2,700 200 20 10,0 205 197 e'
x 47 47.49 6,050 225 10 S,O 2,250 200 20 10,0 205 197 e
x 42 41,53 5,290 225 10 5,0 2,250 200 16 9,0 209 202 7'
Ilt~
Built-Up Shapes 1-39
i--'~--;-------r
~
I Il r ....-
WI
:C=::=Jt-= ] I Y
x--- I----x---l-
eWTSHAPES 1:1 H
Dimensions
Properties
--t'Iii: f-
:11
tw
1
_....__ .
,
15.00 101.4 465 92.4 82.0 34.7 272 54.1 ---- ---- BWT 300 x 93
18.75 86.6 383 89.7 73.8 34.6 272 56.7 ---- ---- x 95
18.75 83.1 378 93.1 80.1 27.7 217 53.8 ---- ---- x 75
25.00 67.7 294 89.5 69.6 27.7 217 57.2 0.845 137 x 66
25.00 64.8 290 93.0 76.3 22.1 174 54.4 0.845 137 x 59
I
19.75 83.6 377 91.3 79.3 23.8 212 49.7 ---- ---- BWT 300 x 79
25.00 66.5 291 89.6 71.4 20.9 186 50.3 0.945 137 x 65
25.00 64.7 269 92.0 75.6 18.1 161 48.6 0.945 137 x 60
30.00 54.9 243 92.3 741 15.2 135 48.6 0.618 160 x 51
30.00 51.3 236 94.7 52.5 7.8 87 3$.9 0.618 160 BWT 300 x 45
30.00 47.7 229 97.3 91.7 5.9 65 34.1 0.618 160 x 40
14.OS 39.9 220 58.7 44.7 63.1 420 73.9 ---- ---- BWT 225 x 91
14.06 39,4 221 60.7 46.1 56.3 375 72.5 ---- -_._- x 84
19.75 31.4 170 56.3 39.8 56.3 375 75.4 ---- --~,-
x 78
18.75 3Q.9 169 6J.4 42.7 45.0 300 73.0 ---- ---- x 66
22.50 26.1 143 61.6 42.1 36.0 240 72.3 0.951 129 x 54
18.75 26.0 163 65.9 52.8 13.4 134 45.5 ---- ---- BWT 225 x 51
22.50 24.5 138 63.6 48.1 13.4 134 47.0 0.951 129 x 47
22.50 23.7 137 66.9 52.4 10.7 107 44.9 0.951 129 x 42
Where no value of C'. or Q, is shown, the section complies with NSCP Sect. 4.9. 1.2.
8
I--;----r
IfF= : =]
":~f,-r
i
,I Ii
8WT SHAPES
Dimensions
- 'k 1
L~ VI ____ . Properties
y
Weight Area
Designation W A
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm
HI
8WT 2~x 85 85,25 4,490 225 10 5,0 2,250 150 16 8,0 209 202
x 28 27,51 3,504 225 8 4,0 1,800 150 12 6,0 213 209
x 25 25,28 8,220 225 8 4,0 1,900 150 10 5,0 215 210 22
2S
BWT 175 x 88 37,60 4,790 175 10 5,0 1,750 200 16 8,0 159 152 2S
x 35 35,11 4,472 175 8 4,0 1,400 200 16 8,0 159 152
x 29 29,08 3,704 175 8 4,0 1,400 200 12 6,0 163 158 17,
21,
8WT 175 x 27 27,19 3,464 175 8 4,0 1,400 180 12 6,0 163 158 21.
x 24 24,49 3,120 175 8 4,0 1,400 180 10 5,0 165 160
x 22 21,90 2,790 175 6 3,0 1,050 180 10 5,0 165 160 21.1
21.1
BWT 175 x 17 17,19 2,190 175 6 3,0 1,050 120 10 5,0 165 160 29,'
x 15 15,40 1,962 175 6 3,0 1,050 120 8 4,0 167 162
[ 29.1
i 29,1
8WT 150 x 26 25,62 3,264 150 8 4,0 1,200 180 12 6,0 138 133
x 23 23.46 2,988 150 6 3,0 900 180 12 6,0 138 133
x 21 20,72 2,640 150 6 3,0 900 180 10 5,0 140 135
8WT 150 x 14 14,44 1,840 150 6 3,0 900 1no 10 5,0 140 135
x 13 12,97 1,652 150 6 3,0 900 100 9 4,0 142 137
x 11. 11,49 1,464 150 6 3,0 900 100 6 3,0 144 139
B
-r
-r= --1
I y
tp=-_J 'j--
I
,----
]y
x--+
IV
x--- I_ __ -
8WTSHAPES . I
1 H
Dimensions
Properties ->~<-IW
y
----
Elastic Properties C' a =2rr2E
--
Ieee
w Axis X-X AxisY-Y O,Oly
n mm I s3 I S = 1.0 Dulgnation
HIt." Q.
xl0 S xl0 r y xl OS xl0 3 r HxW
4 3
mm4 mm3 mm mm mm mm mm Q, C'o
02 7
oe 5
22,50 21,90 182,4 69,7 00.4 4,52 60.2 81.7 0.951 129 8WT 225 X 85
:10 5
29.18 17.54 106.9 70.9 60.7 8.88 45.1 81.1 0.708 150 X 28
29.1 :3 . 16.78 104.9 72.2 6~.1 2.82 87.6 29.6 0.708 150 x 25
52 7
52 7
17,50 11.55 8:3.7 49.1 87.0 10.68 . 106.8 47.2 ---- - - - - BWT 175 x 88
58 5
21.99 9.72 68.4 46.6 8.2.9 10.67 IOS.7 48.9 0.978 128 X 85
21.99 9.89 67,9 508 86.9 8.01 00,1 46.5 0.978 128 X 29
158 5
160 5
21.99 9.14 67.2 51.4 88.9 5.84 64.9 411 0.979 129 8WT 175 X 27
100 5
21.99 9,94 1'>6.5 5S.2 42.0 4.87 54.1 39.5 0.979 128 X 24
29.17 7.15 (,,1.5 50.6 86.0 4.86 54.0 41.7 0.654 156 X 22
100 5
162 5 175 X 17
29.17 6.41 49.1 54.1 44.6 1.44 24.0 25.7 0654 156 BWT
29.17 6.09 48.2 55.7 48.7 116 19.8 24.8 0.654 156 X 15
188 5
138 5
18.75 5.89 49.6 42.5 81.4 5.84 64.9 42.8 - - - - ---- BWT 150 X 26
185 5
25.00 4. 71 88.2 8S.7 26.e 5.98 64.8 44.2 0.845 187 X 28
25.00 4.61 89.0 41.9 29.9 4.96 '54.0 42.9 0.845 187 X 21
185 5
187 5
25.00 8.95 85.6 46.8 8.S.2 0.84 16.7 21.8 0.845 187 BWT 150 X 14
139 5
25.00 8.76 85.0 47.7 42.7 0.67 18.4 20.1 0.945 187 X 18
25.00 8.49 88.9 49.9 47.3 0.50 10.1 19.5 0.845 137 X 11
I
Where no value of C', or 0,10 ohown, the oectlon complieD with NSCP Sect. 4.9.1.2
BWTSHAPES
Dimeniions
Properties
BWT 125 x 21 21.23 2,704 125 9 4,0 1,000 150 12 6,0 113 103 (5
x 19 19.45 2. 479 12!5 6 3,0 750 150 12 6,0 113 108 5 1M3
x 17 17,19 2,190125 6 3,0 750 150 10 5,0 115 110 5 20,83
20,83
BWT 125 x 13 1;3,27 1,690 125 6 30 750 100 10 5,0 115 110
x 12 11.79 1,502 125 6 3,0 750 100 9 4,0 117 112 20,83
x 10 10,31 1,314 125 6 3,0 750 100 6 3,0119114 20,83
20,83
BWT 100 x 20 19,66 2.504 100 9 4,0 eon 150 12 13,0 ee 83
x 16 16,01 2,040 100 6 3,0 600 150 10 5,0 90 95 12,50
1M7
BWT 100 x 15 15.45 1,969 100 6 ;3,0 60012012 6,0 ee 93
x 14 13,66 1,740 100 6 30 600 120 10 5,0 90 95 16,67
x 12 11.97 1,512 100 6 8,0 600 120 8 4,0 92 97 16.67
15,57
BWT 100 x 14 13,50 1,720 100 9 4,0 800 10010 5,0 90 85
x 12 12,09 1,540 100 6 3,0 600 100 10 5,0 90 95 12,50
x 11 10,61 ~,352 100 6 3,0 600 100 9 4,0 92 97 15.57
1S,S7
w
ASEP Steel Handbook
-44-
Built-Up Shapes 1-43
p
l--y----r
l:t:==t:..':::::::j:r=:=::::J --It
w, I, Y I
Dimensions !I 1
~!r\w
Properties
I:, -t
y
Where no value 01 C', or a,lo ohown, the oeetion eomplleo with NSCP Sect. 4.9.t.2
F = 248 MPa
B/2t,
B/2t, H/~ rl Designation Sx L. L"
1/mm mm H't!N xi 03 m m
mm3
7,:
MO. 0,049 118, 11 8W 1000 x 518 21,999 5,72 11.27
6,0
5.00 0,048 119,22 8W 1000 x 497 21,622 5,72 11,27 6,0
M3 0,056 117,95 BW 1000 x 463 19,843 5,72 10.02
5,00 0,044 119,25 BW 900 x 496 19,219 5,72 12,52
7,~
5.63 0,050 119,09 SW 900 x 444 17,355 5,72 11.13 6,(
6.43 0,063 118.74 BW 1000 x 393 17,554 5,72 8,76 .
7,~
6,~
7,03 0,069 117.77 BW 1000 x 373 16,231 5,72
6,4
6,43 0,057 117,63 BW 900 x 410 15,748 5,72
6.43 0,057, 119,81 BW 900 x 878 15,219 5,72
7,(1
. 7.2
7,08 0.063 118,91 SW 900 x 8(17 14,224 5.72
7,2
9,04 0,071 117,45 BW 900 x 380 12,876 5,72
9.0
8.04 0,071 119,66 BW 900 x 304 12,430 5,72
5,11
4,29 0,086 74,02 BW 900 x 847 11,699 3,81
5,1 (
9,00 0,080 118,51 BW 900 x 283 11,393 5,72 4,(I(
4,69 0,094. 74,18 BW 900 x 815 10,745 3.81
5,3!
5.63 0,069 94,36 BW 800 x 296 10,160 4.57
4.&
5.36 0,107 74.96 BW 900 x 264 9,826 3,81
6.se
6.43 0.079 98,10 BW BOO x 275 9,229 4.57
6.88
6,43 0.079 94,99 BW 800 x 252 8,995 4,57 7.01
6.00
6.00
5,36 0,107 76,91 BW 900 x 238 8,881 3.81 5.19
5,63 0,061 95,51 SW 7r:tJ x 281 8,574 4,57 9,16
9,16 M3
5,63 0,061 97,08 BW 700 x 261 9,329 4,57
7.97
6,00 0,120 75,89 BW 900 x 225 9,202 3. 81 4.64
4,(17 6,26
7,50
7.20 0,089 94,00 SW 800 x 236 8,166
.,.i
1-46 Built-Up Shapes
Fy = 249 MPa
B/2tf H/~ rt Designation Sx ~ Lu B/~
1/mm mm HxW x103 m m
mm3
l
,
Hni.ltUp ~;hapes 1-47
'-""'U
B/2t, H/~ rl Designation Sx L" Lu
m 1/mm mm HxW x103 m m
mm 3
1.85
3,4:3
2,96
2,66
4,01
4,01
3.:34
1,91
4,01
4,01 I
1. 5:3
3,S4
5.01
.....
I.
1-48 Built-Up Shapes
VALUES OF e, TABLE
For Determining Allowable Stress for Main and Seoondary
Members Wh.n KI/r ~ e, for St,,1 of Any YI.ld 8tress
I'm;n widlh 10 IhicknQoo ralioo Qxcood :n~ limits 01 NSCP Soct. 4,9, uoo (Kllr)/C', in liou of (Kt/r)/C, vatuoo and
r
136,89 61
2 136,40 62
,375 3 135,90 63
,371 01 135,39 64
,366 ~ 134,87 65
,362
,35~ e 147,06 36 134,35 66 116,03 96 92,89
7 146,74 37 133,82 67 115.33 97 92,04
,353 e 146,41 88 133,29 68 114,63 98 91.18
,348 9 146.08 39 132,75 69 113,93 99 90,32
,344 10 145,74 40 132,21 70 113,22 100 89,45
,339
,335 11 145,39 41 131,66 71 112,50 101 88,58
12 145,03 42 131,10 72 111.78 102 87,70
,330-- 13 144,67 43 130,54 73 111.05 103 86,81
,325 14 144,30 44 129,97 74 110,32 104 85,92
,321 1e 143,92 45 129,39 75 109,58 105 85.03
,316
,311 16 143,53 46 128,81 76 108,84 106 84,13
17 143,14 47 128,23 77 108,OS 107 83,22
,306 18 142,74 48 127,63 78 107,34 108 82,31
,301 19 142,33 q9 127,04 79 106,58 109 81.39
,296 20 141.91 50 126.43 80 105,82 110 80,46
,291
,286 21 141.49 51 125.82 81 105,05 111 79,53
22 141.0(; 52 125,21 82 104,27 112 79,60
,281 23 140,~2 53 124,59 83 103,49 113 77.66
,276 201 140,18 54 123,96 94 102,71 114 76,71
,271 25 139,73 55 123,33 85 101.92 115 75,76
,266
,261 56 122,69 96 101.13 116 74,80
57 122,05 87 100,33 117 73,93
58 121,40 99 99,52 118 72,86
aD and
59 120,75 89 98,71 119 71,89
60 120,09 90 97 20 70,90
T
1-50 Built-Up Shapes
F = 248 MPa
F
, y '" 248 MPa
Main Members Seoondary Members
KI/r 121 to 200 KI/r 121 to 200
~ II
KI
I F, !SJ. F, I- KI F, KI F,
'a r (MPa) r (MPa) r (MPa) r (MPa)
3.45 181 31.44 191 28.23 181 45.23 191 43.77
3.07 182 31.09 192 27.94 182 45.06 192 43.65
30,75 I 183 44,89 193 43,54
2.69 183 193 27.65
2,32 184 30,42 194 27,3$ 184 44,73 194 43.43
i1,96 185 30,09 195 27,08 185 44.58 195 43.;33
49,98
49,67
49,36
49,09
46,61
48,54
46,27
48,01
47.76
47,51
47,26
47,04
46.62
46,60
46,36
46,16
45,98
45,76
45,59
45,41
NOTES
PART 2
COLD - FO RM ED PLATE SHAPES
NOTES
CONTENTS
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2 - 3
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
BC-Shapes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-16
- - - - - - - - - - ---_ ........ .
T
2~-2 Cold-ForTn(~(j t)1 ate! ~)lldP(~E;
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area
B Flange width of channel or length Co
of shorter leg of angle rnm
H Depth of the channel or length
of longer leg of angle rnm
Specified minimum yield stress of structural steel MPa
Moment of inertia about U-U axis rnm 4 Co
Moment of i.nertia about V-V axis rnm 4
Moment of inertia about X-X axis rnm 4
Moment of inertia about Y-Y axis rnm4
Inside radius of bend rnm
Radius of gyration about U-U axis rnm
Radius of gyration about V-V axis rnm Con
Radius of gyration about X-X axis rnm 45.0
Radius of gyration about Y-Y axis
Elastic section modulus about X-X axis concerns
Elastic section modulus about Y-Y axis eating
Base metal thickness rnm relative
w Flat width of elements exclusive of fillets rnm
W Weight of the section per unit length kg/m
Distance from centroid to outer face of the
section along the X-X axis rnm For
Distance from centroid to outer the
face of the section along the Y-Y axis rnm the
a Angle between the X-X axis and the
principal U-U axis rad
of
Only
Part
Units
General
T
I,
2-4 Cold-Formed Plate Shapes
1
A total of 77 bent-plate sections are presented in
Steel Handbook. Ofchese, 23 are BA shapes having equal
with depths ranging from 50 mm to 200 mm, and 27 are BA
having unequal legs with depths ranging from 75 mm to 225
The remaining 27 sections are BC shapes with depths ranging
70 mm to 390 mm.
T
Materials
Sectional Dimensions
i of
The
:; are
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES
1
2-8 Cold-Formed Plate Shapes
y
x
r--"tr-
J ""
T I
- fl , I / '~_,_OO'
/'(
/ "
.
I x-~w
h
~1~(~~~, -\-
/ ;I,'-,_L_." _____, ~-
Xl '
BASHAPES
Dimensions
.. ~ u -1".. -------,,::.] --to
Properties
1 Y [J
---,.-"-~-------
- '1 Equal Angl ..
SA 200 x 200 x 20 !58,29 7,171 40.0 OC!,7 OC!,7 1.000 4!5,729 79,9
9,120
X 16 4$,07 !5,969 32,0 ~,!5 ~,!5 1,000 37,763 60,2
7,961
x 12 ~,34 4,501 24,0 !56,3 56,S 1.000 29,217 60,6
6,478
SA 170 X 170 X 20 4$,97 5,971 40,0 !53.4 !53,4 1,000 27,299 67,6
5,161
x 16 38,(54 4,909 32,0 51.1 51,1 1.000 22,679 68.0
4,600
x 12 29,68 3,781 24,0 48.8 48,9 1.000 17,651 68.3
3,813
BA 125x 125x 20 32.74 4,171 40.0 42.4 42,4 1.000 10,092 49,2
1,656
x 16 27.23 3,469 32,0 40,0 40.0 1.000 8,531 49.6
1,561
x 12 21.21 2, 701 24,0 37.7 37.7 1,000 S. 742 50.0
1,360
x 10 18.00 2,293 20,0 36.6 36.6 1.000 5,762 50.1
1,215
BA 100x 100x 16 20,95 2,669 32,0 33.9 33,9 1.000 4,133 39.4
678
x 12 16.50 2, 101 24,0 31.5 31.5 1.000 3,320 39.7
623
x 10 14,07 1,793 20.0 30.4 00.4 1.000 2,958 39.9
570
X 9 11.52 1,467 16.0 29.2 29.2 1,000 2, SOC! 40,1
498
SA 75 x 75x 16 14,67 1,969 32,0 29,0 29,0 1.000 1, !576 29.0
29,5
212
X 12 11.79 1,501 24,0 25,4 25.4 1,000 1,3ee
21~
X 10 10,15 1,293 20,0 24,2 24,2 1.000 1,141 29.7
205
x -9 8.39 1,067 16.0 23,1 23,1 1,000 954 29,9
187
X 6 6,48 82!5 12,0 21.9 21.9 1.000 7<47 00,1
157
y
, +___ -t~--~'~~~'-i-
"l
1
I I
I
/
u
/ ><
SA SHAPE::S
Dimensions
,I
'I' x
I
i
_
t-
-t"
'"
Rj2'(fo}),
1:.
Ij
-):E-- -+- x
"
(l
c
1.--,. u/ '>=.:;::::--=---::::---ol" _.
Properties
Equal MgllS
I
L - .....
Y
-J '
'u-u Axis V-V Axis X-X Axis y-y
I I S I S Designation
r x1 (il r x1(il x1 (il r x1 (il x10J r Hx S x t
mm mm4 mm mm4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
79.9 9,120 35.7 27,42(; 196.9 61.9 27,4215 196.9 61.9 SA 200 x 200 x 20
eo.2 7,961 36.9 22,962 161.8 62.4 22,962 161.6 62.4 x 16
eo.6 6,479 87.9 17,949 124.2 63.0 17,949 124.2 63.0 x 12
,
67.6 !S, 161 29.4 16,225 189.1 ~.1 16,22!5 189.1 52.1 SA 170 x 170 x 20
68.0 4,600 80.6 18,640 114.7 52.7 18,640 1147 52.7 x 16
68.3 3,918 81.9 10,782 00.6 58.8 10,732 00.6 58.3 x 12
,
49.2 1,656 19.9 5,974 71.1 37.5 5,974 71.1 37.5 SA 125 x 125 x 20
49.6 59.4 38.1 5,046 59.4 36.1 x 16
, 50.0
1,561 21.2 5,046
1,360 22.4 4,051 46.4 38.7 4,051 46.4 36.7 x 12
50.1 1,215 28.0 8,499 39.4 39.0 3,499 39.4 39.0 x 10
39.4 679 15.9 2,406 86.4 30.0 2,406 36.4 30.0 SA 100 x 100 x 16
'?Ill 7 623 17.2 1,972 28.9 3O.S 1,972 28.9 30.6 x 12
39.9 570 17.9 1,714 24.S 30.9 1,714 24.S 80.9 x 10
40.1 499 19.4 1,429 20.2 81.2 1,429 20.2 81.2 x 9
29.0 212 10.6 994 19.0 21.9 994 19.0 21.9 SA 75 x 7!5x 16
29.~ 21$ 12.0 761 15.4 22.5 761 15.4 22.5 x 12
29.7 205 12.6 678 18.8 22.9 678 18.8 22.9 x 10
29.9 197 18.2 570 11.0 28.1 570 11.0 28.1 x 9
30.1 157 18.9 452 M 28.4 452 8.5 28.4 x 6
T
I
2-10 Cold-Formed Plate Shapes
BASHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Equal Angles
y
-t~'-,-
.+ ----- fi I
I "1,1I"" : y:
/'
-r
I
I' -1 (-I , 1 /45.00'
SA SHAPES
1 X-I---->I~--,-X
~
>~::=r~~~~~_
/1'
Dimensions c
-- u --r-----~ -
Properties
J
1 Y
I
Equal Anglts I
+ -~--- .--
H
19,2 40 6.7 186 6.1 14,3 186 6,1 14,3 SA 50x 50x 12
19,"' 42 7.3 171 ~.4 14.7 171 5.4 14.7 x 10
19,7 42 8.0 150 4.6 15.0 150 4.6 15.0 x 8
19,9 39 8.6 123 3.6 15.3 123 3.6 153 x 6
x y
I-v, ",
-+---"'-t
I u
L-
J /
) ><
~':,':"f',
/,,
Ridl('!'o,
} SA8HAPES
/
~_" -::X-=:J
c i)imensions
v l ",-"
Propertil'B
w-J Unequal Angles
BA 225 x 100 x 20 44,52 5,671 40,0 20.4 92,0 0,256 29,936 72,7
x 16 :36.6(5 4,669 32,0 19,4 89,0 0,251 ~,OO5 73.6
x 12 28,27 3,601 24,0 18,4 86,1 0,246 19,989 74,5
SA 190 x 100 x 20 39.02 4,971 40,0 2;3,3 75,8 0,342 19,314 62,3
x 16 32.26 4,109 32.0 22.0 72,8 0.333 16,390 63,2
x 12 24.97 3,181 24,0 20,8 70,0 0,324 12,994 63,9
SA 170 x 100 x 20 35.88 4,571 40.0 25.3 66.6 0.412 14,634 56,6
x 16 29.75 3,789 32.0 2;3.9 63.8 0,401 12,446 57,3
x 12 2309 2,941 24.0 22.5 611 0.391 9,887 59,0
x 10 19.57 2,493 200 21.8 598 0,386 8,469 59,3
SA 145 x 100 x 16 26,61 3,389 32.0 26.7 52,7 0.526 8,571 50,3 1,219
x 12 20.74 2,641 24.0 25.1 501 0,514 6,824 50,9 1,056
x 10 17.61 2,243 20.0 24.3 48.9 0.509 5,853 51.1 942
x 8 14,34 1,827 113,0 23,5 47.6 0,504 4,816 5UI 004
SA 125 x 100 x 16 24.00 3,069 32,0 29,5 442 0,680 6,232 45,1 994
x 12 18,85 2,401 24,0 27,6 41.6 0,669 4,974 45,5 862
x 10 16,04 2,043 20,0 26.7 40.4 (',664 4,270 45,7 795
x '8 13.00 1,667 16.0 25,7 39,2 0,659 3,517 45.9 685
T
x
rv,
y
_ 't-_C,t'
II u
/
" I /(
-)i -t '\. I / a
I ~
}
H X ) ' -- -- I .- X
- - /'L
SA SHAPES
Dimensions L /S~~r:~~~
Properties
L,;,..1
u "
Unequal Angles v
72,7 2,174 19,6 29,202 212,1 70,5 3,909 49,1 26,3 SA 225x100x 20
73,6 1,990 20,1 23,913 175.9 71.6 3,271 40,6 26.5 x 16
74,5 1,533 20,6 18,940 136.3 72.5 2,582 31.6 26.8 x 12
62,3 1,833 19,2 17,481 153,0 59,3 3,666 47,8 27,2 SA 190 x 100 x 20
63,2 1,627 19,9 14,920 127.4 60,3 3,097 39,7 27,5 x 16
63,9 1,356 20,6 11,887 99,1 61,1 2,462 311 27,8 x 12
58,6 1,613 18,8 12,741 123,3 52,8 3,506 46,9 27,7 SA 1"10 x 100 x 20
57,3 1,460 19,6 10,925 102,9 53,7 2,981 39,2 28,0 x 16
59,0 1,235 20,5 8,740 90,2 54,5 2,381 30,7 28,5 x 12
58,3 1,091 20,9 7,511 68,1 54,9 2,049 26,2 28,7 x 10
50,3 1,218 19,0 6,9n 75,6 45,4 2,812 38,4 28,8 SA 145 x 100 x 16
50,9 1,056 20,0 5,618 59,2 46,1 2,262 30,2 29,3 x 12
51.1 942 20,5 4,843 50.4 46,5 1,952 25,8 29,5 x 10
51.3 904 21.0 4,000 41.1 46,9 1,616 211 29,7 x 9
45,1 994 18,0 4,575 56,6 38,6 2,651 87,6 29,4 SA 125 x 100 x 16
45,5 892 19,2 3,700 44,5 39,3 2, 147 29,7 29,9 x 12
, 45,7 795 19,7 3,207 37.9 39,6 1,859 25,3 30,2 x 10
45,9 685 20,3 2,659 31.0 39,9 1,543 20,8 30,4 x 8
r
y
~.
v
,
,
r "
J
1;(
/
H -i t', I / 4~.OO
LX -R;1t~~,-I-X
J,;'"
} BASHAPES
. / .
c Dimensione
U , ,
Properties
l-YI~-1 Unequai Angies
,-
r v
,
t
"
Xc
y
I
1
1
1 ;(
/
u
'lA SHAPi:S
Oimensions
1'~~~'L'--'c'1
~'1;olj,
' i"
/1'
C
r---"',
-1
, - u/
Properties
Unequal Angles
I y v
+ - - - ,... ~
$4.9 366 12.7 2,091 83.8 30.3 1,039 20.0 21.4 BA 100 x 75x 16
3M 345 13.8 1,740 27.1 31.1 961 16.0 21.9 x 12
35,6 ~O 14.4 1,525 23.3 31.4 754 13.8 22.1 x 10
~.9 293 14.9 1,290 19.2 31.8 633 11.4 22.4 x 8
36.1 233 15,5 1,006 14.8 32.1 498 8.8 22.6 x 6
25.2 sa 8.6 616 13.8 22.6 233 6.6 13.9 BA 75x SOx 12
25.5 96 9.1 557 12.1 23.1 208 5.9 14.1 x 10
25.9 79 9.6 480 10.1 23.5 178 4.9 14.3 x 8
26.1 EJ8 10.1 386 7.9 23.9 143 3.9 14.5 x 6
xy
i-"
Iw-
X --
1
- 1
*1
_11- - - - x H
xy
,(FF:~-\-r
\1'.'->: i<-' !
iI I
X _. -- r-:- --1- _.... - :< H
Be Shapes II I H'f2\(mox)
"I.:'
I
,
j
\ ....:=:~~=::J ___...__ .
Dimensions
y
Prcpertle$ I
I B I
"f-.--.----.---t-
y
-+~,;+,
.~'--.---".~, -+~--t
((-.,--~ -r i ,
lw II '
-)0. '(._. ;
I
I
, .... 1/ I .\ ,',
,
~:
j.r 1of2t (mm)
t_'",.. L._,._~ , i
,I 8CShapes
Dimensions
----r------" -_-t
'( , Proplrties
t
/ Il ,I
Centroid
Designation Weight Area Radius
Yx Bx t W A R x, y,
kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm
I
I ,
,I
I .
I
,
.
,
Cold-Formed Plate Shapes 2-19
Be Shapes
D'l1enslons
Properties
NOTES
PART 3
COLD - Fa RM ED
LIGHT GAGE SHAPES
T
3-1B Cold-Formed LightGage Shapes
NOTES
CONTENTS
Nomerlclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Gen.eral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- 3
Kat:erials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
LC-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
LZ-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
LR-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
LS-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
T~ '.
3-2 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area T
B Flange width of section or shorter leg
of tubular section mm
Effective design width of element mm
Overall depth of stiffening lip mm
Depth of section or longer leg of tubular
section mm
Clear distance between flanges mm TI
Basic design stress MPa cc
Specified minimum yield stress of strlctural steel MPa
Moment of inertia about the X-X axis mm4
Moment of inertia about the Y-Y axis mm4
Inside radius of bend mm Th
Radius of gyration about x-x axis mm
Radius of gyration about Y-Y axis mm
Radius of gyration about Z-Z axis mm
Elastic section modulus about x-x axis mm 3
Elastic section modulus about Y-Y axis mm 3
Base metal thickness of section mm
w Flat width of element exclusive of fillets mm
W Nominal weight per unit length kg/m
Distance from centroid to outer face of the
section along the X-X axis mm
Distance from centroid to outer face of the
section along the Y-Y axis mm ce
a Angle between the X-X axis and the
princ~pal Z-Z axis rad
ree
ign of
Uni
This part of the Steel Handbook deals with light gage struc-
steel shapes cold-formed from coils or sheets which thick-
rom ranging from 2.0 rom to 6.0 mm. Shapes bent from plates
mn mm to 20.0 mm are designated as cold-
mM plate shapes and covered in Part 2 of this Steel Hand-
rom
rom The use of conve.1tional built-up shapes is uneconomical in
MPa cases because of the very low stress developed even for the
MPa tnhT~Rt available section. In such situation, light gage sec-
rom 4 normally used.
rom4
rom The performance of light gage shapes under load, however,
rom differs in several significant respects from that of heavy rolled
rom ions. Because of its slender flat elements, light gage sec-
rom tend to buckle at stress levels lower than the yield point
rom 3 when subjected to compressive, bending, shear, and bearing
rom 3 .tresses. This local buckling does not, however, necessarily
rom 'Man failure as addi.tional loads may still be carried even by the
rom "buckled" member. The design criteria for these sections are
kg/rn therefore based on the post-buckling strength of the members
after local buckling has occurred. Furthermore, as these are
rom normally ope,1 sections, torsional buckling or torsion-flexural
buckling may be significant depending on the relationship of the
rom shear center to the centroid of the section.
Sectional Dimensions
Sectional Properties
ASEPSteelHandbook
-84-
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes 3-7
" .i.
Dimensional Tolerances
Table 3-1
Theoretical Width of Strips
),tical
31ight I
r and 1Size. mm t. Thickness, moo
given IHxBxC 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
1 1
1255x90x25 1 435 439 4/+/,.. 1,48 452 456 460 464
InOx75x25 / 370 374 379 ~83 387 391 395 399 403
1200x75x25 /
371 375 379 383
/200x75x20 /
369 373
/200X70x15 /
345
/185x50x20 /
279 284 288 292 296 300 304 308
/175x50x20 1 278 282 286 290 29/, 298
/150x75x25 /
300 304 309
/150X75x20 /
290 29/, 299 303 315
1150x65x20 /
274 279 283 287 291 295 299 303
1150x50x20 /
240 ?44
1150X50x18 1 2/,0 261
1125x50x20 / 219 224 228 232 236 240 2!~/l
I
3-10 Cold-Formed [,ight Gage Shapes
Tahle 3-2
Recommended Slitting Schedule
I
ISize, mm Coil ,Number of Yield
IHxBxC Width,mm Strips %
I
1255x90x25 1 930 2 94
1220x75x25 1 1,220 3 91
1200x75x25 1 1,220 3 91
1200x75x20 1 1,220 3 91
1200x70X15 1 1,055 3 98
1185>:50x20 1 1,220 4 91
1175x50x20 1 1,220 4 91
1150x75x25 1 1,220 4 98
1150>:75x20 1 1,220 4 95
1150>:65>:20 1 1,220 4 90
1150x50x20 1 1,220 5 98 f
1150 >:50>:18 1 1,220 5 98
1125x50x20 1 1,220 5 90
1125x50x15 1 930 4 94 1
1120x60x20 1 1,220 5 94
1120x40x20 1 1,220 6 93
1120x40>:20 1 930 4 89
1100X50X15 1 1,220 6 95
I 90x45x15 1 930 5 93
1 75x38>:15' 1 930 6 93
1 75>:38x15 1 1,220 7 92
1 65x30x15 1 930 7 89 L
1 65x30x15 1 1,220 8 88
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
Cold-P0rmed Light Gage Shapes
I FORMING TOLERANCES
ield I
% I i
I I
94
91
91
I
I
I
I T~rl
I I { H
91 I I
98
91
91
I
I
I
I
I j):'' ' ;' 'Cif.Jp __
------------------------
J
98 I I PermIssible VarIations Over and Under I Out-of-Squareness
95 I I Specified Oimensions I of Corners
90 mm/mm
98
I 1---- -----1
I I H, Depth I B, Flange WIdth C, Lip 1
98 I I mm I mm mm I
90 I ~I-------~I------~ ---1------~
94 I IUnder 150 mm, excl 1.51 1
94 I 1150 to 300 mm, excl 2.0 I 1.5 2.0 1
0.026
93 I 1300 mm and over 3.0 I 1
89 I
I
95 I
93 I TOLERANCES
93 I
92 I I
89 I ;I Length Permissible Variation Over SpecIfied
88 I Length, mm a
" mm
:I~------------------------
;J7, 000 and over 40
lover 7,000 1,0 mm + 5 rom x (total length in m - 7)
.I~-----------------------------------------------------------------~
NOTES
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTI ES
tfr
Hill: ,
,~'
:
. . -rot
_.' -\) c
Ie, - '
!
I
,
h i '
X-"'~T---Xj LC SHAPES
rn
:~ R~it(rn()x)
~
0.tr'-qzz~
I ~, Full Stotlon
!I
t--
Y
B
J Properties
DMlgnatlon W A A x.
HxSxCld k~m mm 2 mm mm
,~-1l
LC SHAPES
Full Seollon
'-.: --, j
' II 11'{"'O~
I ':J
ewdp'''''Jd' _._
Properties
~l
antroid Axis X-X Axis y-y
xo I S I S DMignation
mm x1 (ii x10J r x1 (ii x1 (ii r HxBxCxt
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
t
-
xy
-t;~L"",
~y4"
I
.- I
-r--l
_.
C
x- - -:- - - -..}{..--"'..,H
+("~J~
LC SHAPES
W,c:7/@ ~
Full StOtlon
r . Properties
L~--J
Area
D$sl~natlon W A R Xo
2
Hx8xCxt kg/m mm mm mm
LC SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
xy
-t--<'-
7;z}(""W2P~
1- i - I
Jl
LC SHAPES
Full Seo1ion
Proper .:ies
x - - : -:- - - - x
~ R_:21('~ J H
"'"*"'"
l-~
entroid AxieX-X Axie Y-Y
I S I S D9Si~nation
xi OS x10S r xi OS xi OS r Hx6xCxt
mm 4 mm 3 mr1 mm 4 mm 3 mm
LC SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
Area
Deslgnetlon w A 11
Hx8xClIi kg/m mm 2 mm
xM 1,193 10.0 ze
x4,5 1,092 9,0 Z~
x 3,0 765 6,0 , 2,3
1,7
LC 120 x 40 x 20 x S,O 1,141 12,0
x 5,5 1,069 11.0 1,9
x 5,0 993 10,0 1,9
x 4,5 912 9,0 1,8:
x 4,0 927 9,0 1,7"
x3,5 739 7,0 1,51
x 3.0 645 6,0 1,4e
x25 B49 5,0 1,26
x20 447 4,0 1, 1~
93
"-... LC 100 x50 x 15 x 4,5 967 9,0 16,
x 4,0 797 9,0 16, 1,24
xM 703 7,0 1e, 1,15:
x $,0 615 6,0 17, 1,05'
x2.5 523 M 17,1 '. 931
~ x2.0 427 4,0 17,1 91l
6n
\
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes 3-21
x y
i-'~t
l";tffZ~Q-r
l ~ I
x - -; --:- - - - x H
LC SHAPES 0'~ I
.f<o12t{max) fl I
Full Section . ~\;~;-,~pBz;~;1 ~~_~.
Properties
L:~-l
Axie X-X Axis y-y
I S I S Designation
xi OS x10S r xi OS xi OS r Hx8xCxt
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
20,6
2,775 46,3 44,9 540 13,7 19,9 LC 120 x 60 x 20 x 6,0
20,7 20,2 xM
2,640 44,0 45,3 526 18,4
20,9 x 5,0
2,497 41.5 45,7 506 12,9 20.6
20,9 x 4,5
2,319 89,6 46,1 491 12,8 21.0
21.1 .<17,2 9,6 22,0 x 8,0
1,705 29,4 872
12,9 I
1,995 38,3 41.9 170 6.3 122 LC 120 x 40 x 20 x 6.0
12,9
1,919 32.0 42.4 172 6.3 12,7 x 5.5
12,9
1,828 30.4 42.9 171 6.3 13.1 x 5.0
13,0 x 4.5
1,717 28,6 43.4 167 6,2 13.5
13,0
1,693 26.5 48,9 160 5,9 13.9 x 4.0
13,1
1,452 24.2 44,3 150 5,6 14,2 x 3.5
13,1
1,294 21,.6 44.9 137 5.1 14,6 x 3,0
13,2 x 2,5
1,120 18.7 45,2 122 4.5 14.9
13,2
930 15,5 45,6 103 3.9 15,2 x 2,0
16,7
1,241 24,9 87,8 239 7,1 16,6 LC 100 x 50 x 15 x 4,5
16,9 x 4,0
1,152 28.0 39,3 227 M 17,0
16,9
1,051 21.0 00,7 212 6.4 17,4 x 3,5
17,0 x 3,0
939 19,9 39,0 194 5,9 17,7
17,1
912 16,2 39,4 171 5,2 19,1 x 25
17,1 x 2,0
675 3,5 89,9 145 4.4 19,4
L
,3-22 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
~-F-r
I __
i
X - - / -1- -- - - X H
RJ21{mO~
+,zy,_
LC SHAPES
FJII Seotlon
Properti.s
L-~-J
Des! gnation W A FI Xo I
Hx8xCxt kg/m mm 2 mm mm xiC
LC SHAPES
Full Section
Propertie$
1e>. e; 979 19.5 33.6 171 5,9 14.9 LC 90x 45 x 1e; x4,5
1e>. e; 920 19.2 34.0 164 5,6 15,2 x4,0
752 16.7 34,5 155 5,3 156 x4,5
15.6
1e>. 7 674 15,0 34.9 142 4.9 16,0 x3.0
1M 597 13,0 35.2 127 4,3 16.4 x2.5
15.9 490 10, 9 35,6 108 3.7 16,7 x2,0
i
3-24 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
z,i~-
" ><
X - - -"-
"--
a -r
, 11
- - X H
t- - '\. LZ SHAPES
R~21(m~L,; C
Ful Seotion
LJ
I " -
'z
Properties
LZ 150 x75x 20x 6,0 13,67 1,741 12,0 0,461 19,73 '
X 5,5 12,71 1,619 11.0 0,465 19,10
X 5,0 11.72 1,493 10,0 0,469 19,46 '
X 4,5 10,69 1,362 9,0 0,472 19,79 '
X 3,0 7,42 945 6,0 0,482 20,71
y
-t-B_j-
z'r:~:'l
', .
x---c!----x
1
' 11
Ii
LZ SHAPES I-I - ,
Full Section R~'l(~
~, c
L::J"~
Properties
y
[l
i----t
Z'~fJa,
,
X - --
':
a-
',< - - - - X
l H
LZ SHAPES
t-
,
-"
Ro1'('~'1
~,
j1 c Full Section
I ,,- . Properties
LJ~j 'z
LZ 255 X90 x 25 X 6.
X 5.5
20.50
18.97
2,611
2,417
12.0
11.0
0.297
0.300
24.08
24.41
2
2;
X 5.0 17.41 2,218 10.0 0.302 24.74 21
X 4.5 15.81 2,015 9.0 0.304 25.06 1!
X 4.0 14.19 1,807 8.0 0.307 25.37 r
X 3.5 12.53 1,596 7.0 0.309 25.67 1i
X 3.0 10.83 1,380 6.0 0.311 25.96 1:
X 2.5 9.11 1,161 5.0 0.314 26.24 l'
LZ 220 X75 X25 X 6.
X5.5
17.44
16.16
2,221
2,059
12.0
11.0
0.292
0.294
l'
, i~
X 5.0 14.86 1,993 10.0 0.297 1~
X4.5 13.52 1,722 9.0 0.300 11
X 4.0 12.15 1,547 9.0 0.302 10
X3.5 10.74 1,:369 7.0 0.305 9
X3.0 9.30 1,195 6.0 0.307 9
X2.5 7.93 999 5.0 0.310 7
X2.0 6.33 807 1 4.0 M13 5,
LZ 200 X 75 X 25 X 3.5 10.19 1,298 7.0 0.347 7,
x3.0 9.93 1,125 6.0 ').349 6,
X2.5 7.44 948 5.0 0.352 ! ' 5,
X2.0 6.02 767 4.0 0.355 4,
r)f LZ 200 X 75 X 20 X 2.5 7.25 923 5.0 0.335 5,
X 2.0 5.96 747 4.0 0.339 4,
y
I 8 I
z'h;:fiTH~,
~,
>(
,
"
x - - --" ----x
.. -r
- 11~
H
LZ SHAPES d,',
t~1t(1J
Full Seotion
I~ ,-
Propertin ~ '1
L~J
Axis X-X Axie Y-Y
r I S I S Designation
mm xi OS xi OS r xi OS xi OS r HxBxCxt
. mm 4 mm 3
mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
24.09
24.41
24,255
22,653
190.2
177.7
96.4
96,8
3,646
3,464
41 9
39.7
37,4
37,9
LZ 255 x 90 x 25 x 6,
x 5.5
24.74 20,976 164.5 97.3 3,261 37.3 38.3 x 5.0
25.08 19,223 150.8 97,7 8,037 84.6 38.8 x 4.5
25.37 17,395 136.4 98,1 2, 791 31.7 39.3 x4.0
25,67 15,490 121.5 98,5 2,523 28.6 39,8 x 3,5
25,96 13,509 106.0 98.9 2,233 25.2 40.2 x 3,0
26,24 11, ~51 89.8 99,3 1,920 21,6 40,7 x 2,5
20,12 14,963 136,0 82,1 2,167 30,1 31,2 LZ 220 x75x 25x 6,0
20,46 i 4,025 127,5 92,5 2,072 29,7 31,7 x 5,5
20,79 13,032 118,5 93,0 1,963 27,1 (32,2 x 5,0
21,11 11,983 108.9 93,4 1,838 25.3 32.7 x4,5
21,42 10,878 98,9 8:3,8 1,699 23,3 33,1 x 4,0
21,72 9,718 98,3 84,3 1,544 21.1 33,6 x 3,5
22,01 8,501 77.3 84,7 1,373 18,7 34,0 x 3,0
22,29 7,227 65,7 95,1 1,186 16,1 84,5 x2,5
22,~ 5,897 53,6 8M 983 13.3 34,9 x 2.0
I
3-28 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
B Y
-t-t
Z'~
,
x---
><
a'
,, -1
Jl
- - - - X H
L.Z SHAPES
1- R~'~
I~
Full Seotlon
'" _. Properties
1_B.1 'z
j j
Designation W A R
HxBxCxt kg/m mtn 2 mm a mm
X
m
LZ 150 x 65 x 20 x 5.5 11.85 1,509 11.0 0.394
x 5.0 10.93 1,393 10.0 0.398
x 4.5 9.98 1,272 9.0 0.401
x 4.0 9.01 1,147 8.0 0.405
x 3.5 7.99 1,018 7.0 0.409
x 3.0 6.95 885 6.0 0.412
x 2.5 5.87 748 5.0 0.415
." x2.0 4.76 607 4.0 0.419
8 y
z,-t------"-c:::i
~;
!@\<
,
0-
x- -..,.::: !----x
1
R~'~"~ jJ
H
LZ SHAPES
.1-
Full Seotion
Properties
W'"
Axis X-X Axis y-y
I S I S Designation
mm x1dl xi dl r xi dl xi dl r HxBxCxt
mm4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
LZ SHAPES
FuliSeoticn
Propertle.
i
Designation W
HxBxCxt kgjm mm a
l.Z SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
9.60 1,995 33.3 41.8 281 7.6 15.7 LZ 120 x40x 20x 6.0
10.09 1,919 32.0 42.4 282 7.6 16,2 x 5.5
1M1 1,826 30.4 42.9 279 7.4 16.8 x 5.0
10.90 1,717 28,6 43.4 272 7.2 17.3 x 4.5
11.26 1,593 26.5 43.9 280 6.9 17.7 x 4.0
11.60 1,452 24.2 44.3 245 6.~ 19.2 x 3.5
11.91 1,294 21.6 44.8 224 5.8 18.6 x 3.0
12,20 1,120 19.7 45.2 200 5.1 19.1 x 2.5
12,47 930 15.(5 45.6 170 4.4 19.5 x2,0
12,42 1,241 24.8 37.9 420 8.8 22.0 LZ 100 x50x 15x 4.(5
12,00 1,152 23.0 39.3 400 9.3' 22.(5 x 4,0
13.15 1,051 21.0 38.7 374 7.7 23.0 x 3.5
13.49 938 18.0 39.0 341 7.0 23.5 x 3.0
13.79 812 16.2 39.4 302 6.2 24.0 x 2.5
14.07 675 13.5 39.8 256 5-2 24.5 x 2.0
''
". --I
"
""
1- I
')
, 0
x-----" 1 ._- -- -- x
":,~"~'
~2ZZJt.
-
" _
~
H
LZ SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
L_G j'z
Weight Area Radius AxisZ-Z
Designation W A R tan r
Hx8xCxt kgfm mm 2 mm a mm
_I 8
z,' ~zz@
t:,'""-:~
y
I
1
,
LZ SHAPES
Full Seo!lon
Properties
x---~
"I:o"(~ 11
1-)':'
----x
I<~ "'-
H
LLl 'z
-
ASEP Steel Handbook
-111-
T
>-
3-34 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
t-
x-
-
I
I
I
--1-- -x
--r H
I LR SHAPES
R::2!(moxt.
'Z%
I
---I-
Full Seotlon
y
Properties
1 B J
Weight Area Radius Moment of Inertia
Designation W A R Ix Iv
Hx8xt kg/m mm 2 mm x10S x10S x'
mm 4 mm 4 m
LR 175x50x4,0 13,09 1,667 8,0 5,500
x 3.5 11,56 1,473 7,0 4,935
x3,0 10,01 1,275 6,0 4,335
x2.5 8,42 1,073 5,0 3,701
x 2,0 6,80 867 4,0 3,0:31
J
.
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes 3-35
~~
tc
x-
1
- 1 1
--1-- -x
1H
LA SHAPES
J
1
.
, R::2\(mox(
Full Section
Properties 1
y
,I B
I
Section Modulus Radius of Gyration
Sx Sv Dttignation
x10' x1 as rx rv HxBxt
mm 3 mm 3 mm mm
T
3-36 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
#'~!::Z'1~ ---r
t- ''- ~ I
I , I
x-,--:--,-x r I '
LA SHAPES
R"21(mo<21~
';:Jy
,,;' dodf3?@?' ...- --_. t
Full Section
Properties
L'Jl._-J,
Weight Area Radius
Designation W A R
HxBxt kg/m mm 2 mm
mrr
LR 40 x 18 x 2.5 1.87 238.2 5.0 38.4
x 2.0 1. 56 198.8 4.0 :.l4.5
r YZk -Iy
LR SHAPES
Full Seotion
t: '-1
.
I
x- >--1-- ",-x
I
..J-;;;7 "
R= 2\(mox~;;
"%?}zz:..W&u>-,
I
H
Froperties
L---.~-l
Inertia Section Modulus Radi us of G ra ti on
Iv Sx Sy Designation
x103
mm 4 x103 x103 rx ry HxBxt
mm 3 mm 3 mm mm
10,5
9,6 1,92 116 12,7 6,6 LR 40x18 x2,5
1,73 1,07 132 7,0 x 2,0
7,2
1.58 0,90 12,9 6,1 LR 40x 16 x2,0
9,9
9,1 1,75 1,10 12,1 6,6 LR 38 x 18 x2,5
1.58 1. 01 12.6 6,9 x 2.0
y
I
I
r!f&>ZH.fZXZ$:; - ,.. ~ r
t_~IJ I
~"-2~f:o~ ; -
x - .'
,
x III
t-i
x-
LS SHAPES
$".tK:z'it<
I -----r Full Seotlon
I Properties
y
1 8
1 J
Weight Area r
Designation W A R Ix=~ Sx=Sy rx=ry
HxBxt kgJm mm 2 mm x1 x10' mm
mm 4 mm 3
'. y
ITII
I
I - I
,
x- ~"~;i:o~: -x LS SHAPES
"'~
I
- Full Seotion
I Properties
y
I 8
I
Weight Area Radius I S r
Designation W A R IX=J Sx=Sy rx=ry
HxBxt kg/m mm 2 mm Xl x1 (iI mm
mm 4 mm 3
103
10,7
11.2
11.6
11.9 .
NOTES
PART 4
ROLLED SHAPES
NOTES
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
S-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38
Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area
B Width of the flange section or the
length of shorter leg of the angle mm
bf Flange width of the rolled section
d Nominal diameter of the rolled section
H Nominal depth of section; or length
longer leg of angle
I Moment of inertia
PS Designation for standard Vleight pipe
PD Designation for double-extra strong pipe
PE Designation for extra strong pipe
r Radius of gyration mm
r t
Radius of gyration of a section comprising
the compression flange plus 1/3 of the
compression web area, taken about an axis
in the plane of the web mm
S Elastic section modulus mm 3
Base metal thickness of the rolled sect .on iuc:u.,~
.... -
Rolled Shapes 4-3
ROLLED SHAPES
Units General
I
I Class Shape Designation
I
I
I Rolled Wide Flange W dxw
I S Shapes S dxw
I Channels C dxw
[ Structural Tees WT dxw
I Angles L HxBxt
I Pipes-standard strength PS d
I Pipes-extra strength PE d
I Pipes-double extra strength PD d
Materials
struc-
,PNS 49
;lroduced'
whose
;up to a
operties
:Handbook
'e1 Con-
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
Rolled Shapes
ROLLING TOLERANCES
I i
Nom
I 1 I Permissible Variations a F + F'I E, Web I G,max I Variations from Specified Web
IShapelNominal Size, 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IOut-of-1 off IDepth over IThickness, Over and Under, mm
I I mm I ",mm I B,mm 18QUarebi center I Specified, 1_________________ 1
i I lOver Under lOver Under[max, mwl max,mm I mm I 5 and lOver 5
I I I I I I I I under I to 10
f-f-----f-----f----f---f I f---I--- 61
IW IUp to 310 i4 3 I 6 5 I 6 I I I I
IS 175-1BO,incl i 2 I 3 J 1 O.OJ 1 I I
I lover IBO-360 i J i 4 il 0.03 I I I
Ie Ito and under I 1 I I I 0.03 I I 0.2 0.4
I lover 40-75, i 2 I 2 I 0.03 I I 0.4 0.5 0.5
I I excl I I I I I 7
I [75-180, incl i 3 I 3 I 0.03 I I
I lover 180-360 i 3 I J 4 I 0.03 I I
IL c 125 and under I 0.8 0.8 I 0.8 O.B I 0.0261 I 0.2 0.2
I lover 25-50, I 1.2 1.2 I 1.2 1.2 I 0.0261 I 0,2 0.2 0.3 a
I I incl I I I I I
I lover 50-75, i 1.6 1.6 I 1.2 1.2 I 0.0261 I 0.3 0.4 0,4 b
I I ml i I I I I 9, (
I lover 75-100, 1 3. 2 2.4 3.2 2.4 I 0.0261 I . fOl
I I inc! I I I I
I lover 100-150,1 3.2 J.2 3.2 3.2 I 0.5901 I ': c
I I incl I I I I ; var
I lover 150 1 4. 8 J.2 4.B 3.2 0.5901 I 1,5
b F + F' applies when channel flanges are toed in or out. For channels
16 mm and under ir depth, the permissible out-of-square is 0.047 mm/mm
I
of depth. Tolerance is given per mm of flange width for Sand C shapes.
I
I
c For unequal angles, tre longer leg determines the nominal size classi-
I
fication. Out-of-square tolerance is per mm of leg length.
I
I
I
CUTTING TOLERANCES
I
I
I I I ,
I IShapelNominal Sizeal Variation from Specified Given Length, mm
mm ,
[ied Web I I I I I
der, mm I I I 11,500 to 3,000 13,000 to 6,000. 6,000 to 9,000, 9,000 to iI,OOO 112,000 to 15,000
I i I exel incl incl incl
--I Over Under Over Under Under Over Under
Over 10 I I I Over Under Ove r
I f-I
, Ib
--1 Ii I 610 and 10 10 10 10 10 10 I. 10 ( Ib 10
I I I under
I All columns 13 13 13 13 13 13 ( Ie 13 (ic 13
I I
I I I
I IS,C, LI Under 75 16 0 25 0 38 0 51 0 64 0
0.5 I I I
I 75 and 13 13 6 13 6 19 2\ 6
I I
over
I
I
I
0.3 I a Nominal size pertains to greatest sectional dimension.
I b W shapes with a nominal size of 610 mm and under with lengths over
0.4 I
9,000 mm, permissible variation over specified length. 10 mm plus 2 mm
I for each additional 1,500 mm or fraction ttlereof.
I
I c W shapes used dS columns with lengths over 9,000 mm permissible
I variation over specified length. 13 mm plus 2 mm for each additional
I 1,500 mm or fraction thereof.
I
r---.----------.------------------- I
I Shapes Permissihle Variation for Ends Out-of-Square I
I mm/mm of Depth I
Ir-----~------------------------------------------~I
a
I W 0.016 I
I S O . 17 I
I C 0.017 I I
b
I
~
0.026
_ _ _ _ _L -___________________________________________
I
~
I
I
I
I
a for W shapes, permissible vari?tion is mm/mm of depth or flange I
whichever is greater. I
I I
b for angles, permissible variation is mm/mm of the longer leg 1 I Shape I
I I
I ~
IW I
I I
-I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
S,C, L IC
I
I
I
I SI
I
I
I
I
STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCES
~---------
r- "
"""
f-,,- ,,-"
""
-s."p
I ""
"
H L
H ,.)
NOt flN,q
NOTES
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES
,
'f ".: -r
k1
r~r""
~..::~
i
i
I
x . _...
dl x IT W SHAPES
, Dimensions
I ~. :'w ---.-- -l k
... __ .__.. _, .. _ c=: __ ~~-==:J Properties
l__~f -- -I
~
Web Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokness Width Thlokness
dxw W A H tw bf ~ rt
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm mm x1
ml
,
W 40 x 828 489,2 62,198 1,016,0 28,1 454,9 43,9 120,1 1,11
x298 444,5 56,516 1,008,1 21,1 4~2,9 40,0 119, 10,Oi
x 268 399,9 50,839 1,000,0 19,1 450,9 85,9 118, 8,~
x 244 868,8 46,258 992,1 18,0 449,8 82,0 117, '7,99
x 221 :328,8 41,806 982,2 18,0 449,8 27,1 11 ~, '6,90
x 192 286,7 :36,452 970,3 18,0 449,8 21.1 112,52 . ~,61
,
Rolled Shapes 4-13
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Designation
S i S dxw
xi 03 xi 0 3
xi 03
mm 3 mm mm' mm3 mm
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
114==1
R~
1
1 11
dJ
x ____ 1 ---x T d
W SHAPES
Dimensions -:-Iw
Properties l==~-===.l _ k .
L~
Designation
rt I dxw
mm x10 3 x10 3
mm4 mm3 mm
It-
(-~-I
R [
[
[
=tkl
=0
i-;:---If
[
x--- W SHAPES
Dimensions
[ _::;J .- k .
Properties
G-J
Web Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thick less Width Thickness
dxw W A H tIl bf ~
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm
=n
y
1.1-
11- R~ I
I
I
W SHAPES
Dimensions
x---~i -~--11
1 w
I k
Properties
L~-J
Designation
rt I S dxw
mm x10 3 x103
mm mm3
. 17,398,474 35,612,5 386,UO 1,194,584 5,562,7 101.14 W33x619
15,691,925 32,593,1 382,78 1,073,977 5,047,6 100,14 x567
14,026,999 29,564,9 379.46 953,170 4,523,9 99,92 x 515
12,528,566 26,799,1 376,49 844,950 4,042,8 97,77 x 469
11,196,625 24,261.4 374,11 749,217 3,615,9 96,77 x424
10,114,424 22,154,0 372,49 674,295 3,277.3 96,17 x 387
9,115,469 20,189,3 369,59 607,698 2,972,4 95,17 x354
8,116,513 1("176,0 366,81 536,939 2,645,0 94.35 x 318
7,367,296 .6,651.1 365,24 482,929 2,390,2 93,50 x 291
M76,~7 14,995.9 362.91 429,719 2,136,1 92.66 x 263
5,910,496 13,615,5 359,46 387,928 1,926,2 92.09 x 241
5,327,762 12,364.3 356.41 349,634 1,742.1 91.31 x 221
4,786,661 11,190,3 354,31 311,757 1,559.2 90,42 x 201
T ---
4-18 Rolled Shapes
f= c:::_ '
tf I
R I
11
x---_i.:--' IJ
I
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
1 b,
1
Web Flange Flange
Dulgnatlon Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thickness
d~} W A H tw br ~
kg/m mmz mm mm mm mm
,i---- ~--::J
'I- - -
,
y
- I
Rl1,
--- 11 k
-lI
I
W SHAPES
Dimensions x- ~)!-I:-
Properties
J~-J
Desillnation
rt
mm I S dxw
x103 x103
mm mm4 mm3 mm
=n
y
IfF R
I
dJ
x--- : ---x r d
W SHAPES
:-Iw Dimensions
I k
Properties
y
1 bf
1
Web Flenge Flenge
Deslgnetlon Weight Aree Depth Thickness Width Thickness
dxw W A H t,. bf ~
kg/m mrrr mm mm mm mm
It!==t(=
y
=n
'-~'I~-lJ
' R'
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties =IC
I k
L_:LJ
Desl gn ati on
rt I dYJN
mm x103 x103 r x103 r
mm4 mm
I
4-22 Rolled Shapes
Iii ~i
y
:0 --n
'-1:i WC~ =-~ t"-..I
-
c--
-
-I
"
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
L~l
Web Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thlokness
dxw W A H tw bf ~ rt
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm
. --- - - ----------._--
y
llj=~y==n
x -- - Jr--- x T d
J~=ll
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
L_~L.J
Designation
I S I S dX'N
x103 x10 3 x10 3 x10 3
mm4 mm3 mm mm4 mm 3 mm
IIF=-1-
R I
I
y
I
=n k
x----i -~-dJ
I --tw
W SHAPES
Dimensions
I k Properties
y
bl
Web
DeslQnatlon WelQht Aria Depth Thlcknln Width Thickness
dx!N W A k t,. bl ~
kQ/m mm2 mm mm mm mm
"i-~rc,,-
,
y
I=n,
x--- t---x T d
=J~C':_J
W SHAPES
Dimensions
jJ
L-_'L_ I
Propertien
, Y
Designation
I dxw
xi 03 xi 03
mm4 mm mm4 mm
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
Ir1=
y
R II =n
W SHAPES
Dimensions I W
I _k
Properties
y
I br I
Designation
dm
r
mm
,50 ,
445,369 1,911,0 190,11 22,909 x
409,572 1,769,1 199,92 20,953 x
370,446 1,610,6 199,26 19,699
332,995 1,457,6 197,39 16,691
119,01 W14x730
117,16 x665
115,49 x 605
113,77 x 550
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
~ 11
If~~ iC-x
y
Tk d
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
-:tdJ
I . k
L~
Designation
I I dxw
xi 03 xi 03 r xi 03 x103 r
mm4 mm' mm mm 4
mm 3 mm
IfF =fccc-o
R/
y
:
-Ik-r
~.
I
x--- : ---x T d W SHAPES
-l-~:':J =Ll
Dimensions
Prop'lI'tles
L~L-J
Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlcknesll Width Thickness
dxw W A H t" bf ~ rt
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
~.-,----"
Rolled Shapes 4-31
"'>1
11f-
y
I 11
W SHAPES
Dimensions
,--Ji~-dJ
. I k
Propertle~
Y
bl
Designation
I dxw
3
x10 x103 x10 3
mm3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
lk-r
y
4--~r
x---l---x
JL dJ
T d W SHAPES
Dimensions
=~~:-~ -I, . Properties
L~J
Web Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlcknen Width Thickness
dxw W A H t\\l bf ~ rt
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm
; ,io
l
:,.'
~,",
i
,
-152-
Rolled Shapes 4-33
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Designation
dxw
mm
=nLt-
y
'IIF
1
x--- I____ x T d
W SHAPES
-: -I",
(==:.:~_.,_."...::) = k
DimElnsions
Properties
L~LJ
Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokness 'Mdth Thickness
dxw W A H t,. be ~
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm
W SHAPES
Dimensions
,--1,
11-
~~dJ
,
'"-~=J1
R~ I - k
Properties
L~-1
Designation
rt Y S 1 S dxw
3
mm x103 x10 x10 3
mm3 m mm3
tli- R~
x---_:_~--x
I
I
I
91j I W SHAPES
I W Dimensions
I -'k
c=::::.l---=:l - - . Pro ptlrtles
0L-J
Web Flan~e Flange
Designation Weight Area !;lepth Thlokness Width Thiokness
dxw W A H t" bf 4 rt I
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm x1Q3
mm'
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Designation
rt I S I dxw
mm x10' x10' x10' xi 0'
mm4 mm3 mm mm4 mm 3
S SHAPES
Dimensions
Propertie$
4
I( = C _ I '
R( )
R'11
:Y k
S SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties Grip
x---:-_:,
,I
I
-:--11
w
k
y
1 b,
1
I Designation
rt
I S I S dxw
mm
x10' x10' x10' x10'
mm4 mm' mm 4 mm'
11f=- ~-":)
R( I
-l~1
_.
I
X----: ---x r d
S SHAPES
l~~~ --lJ
Dimensions
c<;pi - Properties
l-~l-J
Web lange
Desl~nation Weight Area Depth Thioknen Thickness
dxw W A H t.,., bf ~ rt
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
II t=-c::: II
R{ I
"11
-" k
S SHAPES
Dimensions
Proper~es Griri=--
I
x----'----X T
-:-Iw
I_~ _
-uk
d
U~
Duignation
rt I dxw
mm xi 03 xi 03
mm mm' mm3 mm
61,186 481.8 95.96 3,480 55.4 22.88 S 10 x 35
ei1,613 406.4 100.56 2,826 47.7 24.23 x 215.4
I
- -,
CHANNELS
Dimensions
Properties
dxw W A H bf
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm x
- y
q~'=n
f
Rfl
-
-
k
CHANNELS
DimensiCJr's
Propertin
':~t!11
Gr ip.i=:--
I
~:=--=.::J
---
k
e9U~-l
, ilokness Designation
dxvv
~
mm x x103 x10 3
mm mm4 mm mm4 m mm
!
4-44 Rolled Shapes
il
- y
~
111= : ~
x- - _1- - - - xT d
Grip
w
t - -:1
~==--...:J
-.j
___
k
1 CHANt-.E'LS
DimE'nsiona
Properties
eJ~_J
Web FI Fillnge
DlSlgnlltion Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thlckne ..
dxw W A H t,. be ~
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm
x- -
~
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STRUCTURAL TEES X--~ : ___ ~I
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-i-,
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Iw
-1
Designation
tf S I S dxw
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3 4 3
mm mm mm mm mm mm
51.1 624,347 1,710,5 135,51 1OS,98 327,158 1,539,9 98,09 WT 18 x 179,5
47,0 581,912 1,543,8 134,42 106.93 295,941 1,401.2 97,55 x 164
42.7 511,965 1,415,5 134,14 104,90 269,718 1,275,3 97,36 x 150
39,9 474,504 1,316,5 138,61 , ')3,38 249,323 1,183,0 96,85 x 140
36.6 441,205 1,233,7 138,80 102,87 226,846 1,079,2 95,94 x 130
34,3 414,150 1,163,8 133 53 102,36 211,029 1,006,3 95.32 x 122,5
32.0 398,760 1,098,0 133,52 101,85 1!?5,629 935,4 94,72 x 115
43,9 499,478 1,426,0 143,30 124,97 109,885 708,3 67,21 WT 19 x 128
39,9 449,530 1,298,1 142,94 122,43 97,398 632,9 66,54 x 116
34,5 409,938 1,198,3 143.41 123,70 95,744 554,3 65,59 x 105
32.0 37M25 1,099,6 142,92 121,92 77,935 505,9 65,06 x 97
30.0 351,716 1,033,4 142,63 121 ,16 72,424 472,3 64,72 x 91
27,9 327,158 964,8 142,42 120,14 66,597 435,8 64.26 x 85
25.9 309,011 914,5 142,53 120,40 61,196 401,5 63,53 x 90
23.9 290,530 870,5 142,75 121,41 56,191 369.4 6278 x 75
20.1 '265,139 914,9 143,70 125,98 47,034 3OS,9 60,53 x 67,5
53.1 ' 549,425 1,589,3 127,85 105,66 303,433 1,484,1 95,01 WT 16,5 x 177
4QO 492,828 1,401.8 126,59 102,11 268,469 1,322,5 94.40 x 159
43,9 437,043 1,276,4 125,81 100,08 241,930 1,197,2 93,58 x 145.5
39.9 392,506 1,151.5 125.39 97,54 215,192 1,072,2 92,84 x 131,5
35,6 382,539 1,078,0 125,99 97,79 193,964 963,1 92,16 x 120,5
32.4 332,569 995,7 125.94 96.77 174,017 971,0 91,31 x 110,5
29.2 301,768 909,7 125,92 96.01 156,087 780,6 90,56 x 100,5
I
4-48 Rolled Shapes
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4-50 Rolled Shapes
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21,2 ~:; 961 259,5 9~,35 67,56 16,941 159,7 46,39 x 41,5
18.8 45,795 224,9 91.44 6604 14,693 139,5 46,14 x 36,5
17,4 42,972 211. 9 91.52 65,79 13,496 129,'; 45,72 x 34
15,6 39,043 194,3 91.42 6553 11,946 114,2 45,04 x 31
16.5 37,627 192,9 93,47 72,39 6,369 76,5 34.34 WT10,5x 29,5
13.6 33,423 175.9 93,90 74.42 5,203 62,7 33,10 x 25
11.4 29,594 159,5 94,07 75,69 4,297 51.9 i 32,00 x 22
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mm r y x103 x10 3
mm~ m
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y
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ANGLES
EO,ual Legs
Dimensions
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I S Deslgnlltlon
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mm~ mm 3 mm mm mm mm a
3,92 0,29 5,90 5099 3,92 0,29 5,90 5,99 3,93 1,000 L20x 20 X 3
9.03 0,45 7,51 7,23 9.03 0,45 7,51 7,23 4,94 1.000 L25x 25 x 3
"
1<4,05 0,65 9,99 9,35 14,05 0,65 9,99 9,35 5,91 1,000 L30 X30 X 3
21,64 1,04 8,83 9,18 21,64 104 8,8:3 9,18 5,75 1,000 I X5
24,94 122 8,74 9,56 24,94 122 8,74 9,56 5,75 1,000 x6
:34,46 1.18 12,11 10,73 :34,46 1.18 12,11 10,73 7,83 1.000 L40x 40 X 3
54,27 1.91 11.97 1~';2 54,27 1,91 11,97 11,62 7,7:3 1,000 X5
63,14 2,26 11,87 12,02 63,14 2,26 1.87 12,02 7,70 1.000 X6
l
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mm x1dl y x1(P xtdl x tan Hx8xt
mm 3 mm mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm a
13,0 ~901,2 ,53 33,50 2,901,2 31,7 ,53 33,50 24,75 1,000 L125x125x9
13,0 " M~7,0 ,35 34,39 3,5~,0 39,3 39,35 34,39 24,60 1.000 x10
13,0 ~,192.4 ,15 35,21 4,192,4 4$,6 15 35,21 24,49 1,000 x12
13,0 ' 4,779,9 93 36.01 4,779,9 53,7 93 36,01 24,39 1,000 x14
13,0 ii'5,349,0 ,70 36,79 5,349,0 60,6 70 36,79 24,30 1.000 xiS
13,0 ' ~991.4 49 37,54 5,991.4 67.4 49 37,54 24,24 1.0,00 x19
13,0 ' ~906,9 ,04 39,01 6,906,9 00,$ ,04 39,01 24,19 1,000 x 22
ANGl.ES
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Dimensions
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-190-
Rolled Shapes 4-71
ANGLES
Equal Legs
Dimension!
Properties
I Designation
x1 <i' r x tan Hx8xt
mm 4 mm mm mm a
16.0
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16,0
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16.0
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16,0
9,497 42,87 9,497 88,7 45,59 42,87 29,28 1.000 x16
43,66 10,500 99,7 45,36 43,66 29,20 1.000 x18
16,0
45,18 12,898 118,2 44,91 45,18 29,07 1.000 x 22
16,0
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142,5 ,77 54,39 20,752 142,5 ,77 54,39 39,56 1,000 x14
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217,3 57,61 30,941 217,3 57.61 3$,08 1.000 I X 22
244,0 58,75 34,464 244,0 58,75 38,96 1.000 x25
ANGL.ES
Unequal L.tge
Dimensions
Propertln
ANGLES
Unequal Legs
Dimensions
Properties
I S I S Designation
x1(f x1 (f y x1 (f x1(f r x r tan Hx6xt
mm~ mm 3 mm mm m mm 3 mm mm mm a
10a9 3,0 1MO 15,61 59,9 '1.75 10,65 8,44 0,623 L!50 x 40 X 5
121,1 36 15,46 15,99 68,5 1.64 11. 03 8.40 0.619 X6
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LJ'z Properties
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Properties _+.I___YiJ.__ . 'zf
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Axie X-X Axis y-y Axie Z-Z
I S I S Designation
x1dl x1dl r y x1dl x1 dl r x r ten Hx9xt
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm a
11.0 1,900.4 22,4 40.14 40.36 520.9 9,9 21.04 15.91 16.39 0.360 L125 x75 X 6
11.0 2,473.0 29.6 39,96 41.36 676,1 11.6 20.99 16.79 16,26 0.360 x8
11.0 3,0:20,2 36.5 39.73 42.26 920.5 14,3 :20,71 17.60 16.14 0.357 x10
11.0 3,!539.7 413,2 39. !SO 43.10 S!5!5,2 16.9 2M2 19.39 16,05 0.354 x12
\
12.0 4,348.0 43.1 48.20 49.03 1,197.5 17.0 25.30 19.52 19.65 0.362 L150 x90x 8
12,0 5,331.4 53.3 47.99 49.96 1,460.8 21.0 25.12 20.36 19.53 0.860 x10
12.0 8,273.0 63.3 47.75 50.92 1,708.7 24.8 24.92 21.16 1S.41 0.358 x12
I
ASEP Steel Handbook
-195-
- -T
(
-I
PIPES
Dimeneions
, Properties
y
\
l..\
T
Rolled Shapes 4-11
y
,
IIf I
I
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PIPES x-- ---+--- -x d
Dimensions
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,
y
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A xi 03 3
xi 0 No. d
mm2 mm4 mm3 mm
y
,
x- PIPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
,
PIPES
Dimensions
Properties
,
y
I S Sohedule Designation
A xi 03 xi 03 r No. d
mm2 mm' mm3 mm
NOTES
PART 5
METAL DECKS
NOTES
CONTENTS
,un,,,uL;lature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5- 3
~iH:"rial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
reproof ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5- 5
:C'n,rrn"'ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area
f' C
Concrete strength at 28 days
fy Reinforcing bar yield strength
Fy Specified yield stress of structural steel
I Composite section moment of inertia
1+ Positive bending moment of inertia
1- Negative bending moment of inertia
Second moment of area for
negative moment regions (Strength)
Second moment of area for
positive moment regions (Strength)
Mn Governing moment capacity of
section in the negative zone
Governi'ng moment capacity of pe
section in the positive zone
Nw Overall width of the metal deck F
R Inside radius of bend
Positive bending section modulus
Negative bending section modulus
Base metal thickness of the metal decks
Composite section modulus for concrete
Elastic modulus for negative
moment zone (Compression flange)
Elastic modulus for negative S:
moment zone (Tension flange)
ZpC Elastic modulus for positive
moment zone (Compression flange)
Zpt Elastic modulus for positive
moment zone (Tension flange) /...o,~uct
Zt Composite section modulus for steel deck
Eo Perimeter of embedded metal deck RE
th
METAL DECKS
Units General
Material
. ,
,anels,
mgths.
The structural properties for each particular profile were
by the manufacturers. However, calculation of proper-
special configurations follow the method specified in
Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, AISI 1986 Edition.
The NSCP and its referral codes, the AISC for steel, Amerr...,.
,ilable) 'can Concrete Institute CACI) for concrete and AISI for cold-
rmed members are silent on this aspect of design involving
~ms are
'metal decks. Furthermore, each manufacturer has its own composite
1S, Fy '
method usually based on Allowable Stress Design or
lted by
Design. The basic principles used are usually the
or the British Standard CBS) Code of practice for the
reinforced concrete flexural members. Design examples
each particular metal deck profile are available free from the
reI3P'=ctive manufacturers' brochures.
""nrn("),fing
Tesno,nd.-
Fireproofing is a very critical aspect of metal decks espe-
lly if metal decks a~e used entirely or partially as rein-
The respective manufacturers claim
their metal decks are "fire-rated" from one to two hours,
1\)
on the concrete slab thickness, the concrete type
normal-weight or light-weight) used, and the presence or
of positive fire-resistive paints or coatings. Regard-
of this claim, ASEP requires that for metal decks used as
or partial reinforcement for composite sections, they must
Corrosion
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES
\
---l
5-8 Metal Decks
SD DESIGN DATA
51
SD 9t
SD PANEL SECTION, PROFILE AND DIMENSIONS
SD 95
SD 95
GENERAL INFO[(MATJON
BASE METAL TYPE COLD ROlU-:D Fy '" 275 MPo
Fy = 550 MPo, AVAILABLE UPON REOUEST
ZINC-COATING 380 g/m 2 NOMINAL (PNS-67-1986)
THICKNESS BASE METAL 0.80 mm TO 1.60 mm
PANEL WIDTH 950 rnm NOMINAL
EFFECTIVE COVERAGE 950 mm
AVAILABLE LENGTH UP TO 1.3,700 rnm
APPLICATION COMPOSITE SLAB FOR FLOOR AND ROOF SYSTEM
GENEIlAL CODE APPROVALS CITY OF LOS ANGELES APPROVAL FOR 0) HORIZONTAL DIAPHRAGM RESEARCH REPORT
NO. 23783, b) TWO-HOUR ROOF AND FLOC 1 DECKS, RESEARCH REPORT NO.23783,
0) COMPOSITE DECK, RESEARCH REPORT NO.L3803,
VOL
(cu,m,
TYPICAL SD COMPOSITE SLAB SECTION
---1
POSITIVE BENDING MOMENT NEGATIVE BENDING MOMENT
WEIGHT A
DESIGNATION
PER AREA
Nw X t 1+ S+ I- S-
(kg/m') (.nm')
X10 3 X 10 3 X 10 3 X 10 J
mm' mm' mm' mm'
SlAO
D[rrn
SD CONCRETE VOLUMES
AND WEIGHTS
1. WEIGHTS FOR CONCRETE ONLY - NO METAL. 2. WEIGHTS GIVEN INCLUDE ALLOWANCE FOR DEFLECTION.
ALLOWABLE LATERAL
FOR SD COMPOSITE
115 SD 950 X 1.20 32,390 30,930 29,760 28,890 28,160 27,580 115
SD 950 X 0.60
SO 950 X 1.00
SO 950 X 1.10
SO 950 X 1.60
.090
SD 950 X 0.60
.700
.600
SD 950 X 1.60
.560
SD 950 X 0.00
SO 950 X 1.00
SD 950 X 1.60
NOTES:
10 DATA 1. ONE ROW OF SHORING IS REQUIRED AT MIDSPAN FOR VALUES ON SHADED AREAS.
OFFICI,:.lS. 2. PROVIOE WEI.DEO WIRE MESH OR EQUIVALENT FOR SIIRINI(AGE CONTROL.
3. BUTTON PUNCH SIDE LAPS AT 900mm O.C.
4. f'e = 21 MPo @ 28 DAYS, Fy = 275 MPo
5. VALUES ARE BASED ON 960 Po CONSTRUCTION LOAD.
ETER. /6. STEELDEK COMPOSITE SLAB CAN SPAN MORE THAN 3600mm. ABOVE TABLE DID NOT SHOW ALLOWABLE LOAD VALUES
ABOVE 3,600mm DUE TO SPACE CONSTRAINT.
----------------------------------~
ASEP Steel Handbook
213
5-12 Metal Deck,s
NOTes
DESII
N,
CD 3'
CD 3.
DESIGI
Nw
CD 30(
CD 30C
21
- - --
23
j
1.8 8
4) ! jt 1 55 CD PANEL
PROPERTIES
! PER METER WIDTH )
300
Nw
CD 300 X 0.75 9.0 1,089 12.7 423 33.30 10.00 3.30 189 7.62 6.23 2.06
CD 300 X 1.00 12.0 1,472 12.7 561 44.22 13.25 4.37 274 10.48 9.52 3.14
21 23
1.8 -8
4)
5 ! jt 55 CD PANEL
REACTION DATA
!
300
Nw J
MASS SAFE END REACTION SAFE INTERNAL REACTION
DESIGNATION AREA
Nw X t 20mm lNCIlEMWT MAX 20mm INCREMENT MAX
Yo, llEAIHNG PER 10mm n:,ARING PEn IOmm
k;:/m 2 mm mm kN kN kN k~' kN kN
CD 300 X 0.75 9.0 1,089 12.7 3.31 0.71 5.52 10.80 0.79 13.2
CD 300 X 1.00 12.0 1,472 12.7 7.00 1,37 11,J2 21:16 1.26 25.10
CONCRETE SLAB
;, <l'-~ .
Nw
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00
T p
Metal Decks 5-15
CONCRETE SLAB
Nw
CD :lOO x 0.7:)
CD 300 X 1.00
~ ~
~ n CONCRETE SLAn ~ n
.
, '.
c....-!.. _ ~~ '_____ .40
-4
-I .,
N-~A ,C,gmposit~
~. , , -- .. '4
~ .. - . Section - ,4 LJ
CD
'\2.
"L~~~~'~ ,
~Ii"" : ,E
~
,~,
'
'.
C~ .~ON()':. : ~ "'_ .:-.
-. I~ . ~"ll",,-:- - , "j ' .'
E. Nw
tt
S
SLAB SLAB SLAB EFFECTIVE FLEXU
DEPTH MASS WEIGHT D~PTH
DESIGNATION " 0" DENSE
Nw X t WEIGHT
CONCR d kd ys m
mrn mm mm mm
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00
CONCRETE SLAB
CD COMPOSITE SLAB
~ SLAB PROPERTIES
ERTIES . ;- ._.,._-
PER METER WIDTH
'ER WIDTH (r'c = 25 N/mm 2)
N/mm 2)
Nw
/
STEEL BM ED';---I---------------...,----------~
2
FLEXURAL PROPERTIES BOND DATA (U = 0.5 N/mm )
DESIGNATION
Nw Xi t
Zc Zl X Lb Eo Lb Eo U
CD 300 X 0.75
CD :300 x 1.00
CONCRETE SLAB
..
.'
.
'0 CD
." ~
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00,
~
::B
~
"' CONCRETE SLAB 1'1
.. .
.""0 ~ 4. 4 ---
~
N~4A CR~~~(t!. .
<1 4 :. .. .,: '6.1
CD COMf"OSITE SLAB
. :;, 'o"':'fW
~
, SLAB
"
~ ~.
E
E:RTIES .'"
~
PROPERTIES
En WIDTH PER METER WIDTH
; 47i'
N/mm 2) (f'c = 30 N/mm 2)
l~ Nw
--I
I
STEEL BASED
FLEXURAL PHOPERTlES
DOND DATA (U = 0.5 N/mm')
DESIGNATION
Nw X t
n jd Zc x Lb Lb So U
CD 300 X 0.75
----------_ ..-
T
1
CONCRETE SLAB
. .~ :. ,,,.. .
~ ~-A C;mposl(~
<t,
4:' '.
."':.~
E ' ....... ,!o@."
~ "
,~
--.i.. _. "
"J>G. eONo.:,. _
".Section -.In'
CD COMPOSITE SLAB
PROPERTIES
IT-- -
,
L:--N.:.::W'---____
J .
t
4 ' . , .. ~ PER METER lIIDTfI
(f'e = 40 N/mm 2)
8
>-
CD 300 X 0,75
CD 300 X 1.00
-." --
Metal Decks 5-21
CONCRE~E SlAB
Nw
STEEL BASED
DOND DATA (U = 0.5 N/mm 2 )
FLEXURAL PHOPEHTlES
DESIGNATION
jd Nw X l
Zc Zl x Lb Bo Lb Bo U
CD :lOO x 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00
NOTES
PART 6
STEEL FLAT PRODUCTS
NOTES
Ai
JJ
CONTENTS
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Gimeral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Materials . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
NOMENCLATURE
ABBREVIATIONS
Tl
Units
Coossification
(
Materials
:~~~mumT~~e~:!~~dai~~~:b~~r:~~~S:y~h~~~e~eas
as 0.60F y ' thi
(2.2) JIS G3141 SPCC, ASTM A366M and/or PNS 127 Class
1 for the cold~ro1led varieties. These steels
have a miLimum specified yield stress, F y ' taken
as 170 MFa. The basic allowable stress shall be
;fied taken as O.60F y '
1.2
rom For the fabrication of the metal decks (Part 5) of this
1 Handbook:
(1) The base metal quality requirement for floor decks shall
be cold-rolled steel having a minimum yield point of 206
MPa, conforming to the requirements of JIS G3l4l SPCC-S
;ssified and/or PNS 127 Class l-S. Steel of this variety is
, to 2.0 locally available in thicknesses from 0.75 rom to 1.60
.nd 0.35 rom, in widths of 914 mm and 1,219 rom, and specified
yield strengths Fy ' of 275 MPa or 550 MPa.
__
,....._-_. .
Steel Flat Products 6-7
ASTM A36M-87
5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 14.0
16.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 30.0 32.0 35.0 38.0
40.0 45.0 50.0
1
-0.40 -1.20 II I 1
ards
When copper steel is specified, the minimum eu shall be 0.20%.
For plates w'der than 610 mm, the elongation requirement is reduced 2%.
For materi.l under 8 mm in thickness, a deduction from the percentage of
elongation in 203 mm of 1. 25% shall be made for each decrease of 0.80 mm
of the specified th~ckness helow 8 mm.
,
I
Tolerance Over Specified Thickness for Widths
,
,Specified I Over
I Thickness, I 1,200 1,200 to 1,500 to 1,800 to 2,100 to
mm and 1,500, 1,800, 2,100, 2,400,
Under excl excl excl excl
Note I-When the longer dimension is under 900 mm, the permissible 1-
should not exceed 6 mm. When the longer dimension is from 900
1800 mm, incl., t!1G permissible variation should not exceed 75%
tabular amount for the specified width, but in no case less than
Note 2-These variations apply to plates that have a specified 2-
tensile strength of not more than 400 Mra or comparable chemical
sition or hardness. The limits in the tabie ere increased
plates specified to a higher minimum tensile !Itrength or
chemistry or hardness.
Note 3-This table and these notes cover the permissible 3-
for flatness of circular and sketch plates, based on the maximum
sions of those plates.
I
I Permissible Variations from a Flat
I Surface for Specified Widths, mm A,B
I Specified I Specified To 900 to 1200 to 1500 to 1800 to
IThiekness, I Mass, 900, 1200, 150O, 1800, 2100
Imm I kg/m 2 exel. exel. exel. exel. exel. ek
I I
ITo 6, I To 47.1, 14 19 24 32 35
lexe1. I exe1. I
16 to 10, I 47.1 to I 13 16 19 24 29
I exel. I 78.5, exel. I
110 to 12, I 78.5 to I 13 14 16 16 19
lexel. I 94.2, exel. I
112 to 20, I 94.2 to I 11 13 14 16 16
lexel. I 157.0, exel. I
120 to 25, I 157.0 to I 11 13 14 16 16
I exel. I 196.2, exel. I
125 to 50, I 196.2 to I 10 13 13 14 14
lexel. I 392.5, exel. I
so ---.- 7 s 3 bF
Steel Flat Products 6-13
a Flat
mm A,B I I
Permissible Variations from a Flat
I
800 to I I I
Surface for Specified Widths, rnm A,B
100 I I I
ified ISpecified 12100to 2400to 2700to 3000to 3600to 4200 1
xcI. 2700, 4200, and I
IMass, 1 2400 , 3000, 3600,
Ikg/m 2 Icxcl. excl. excl. excl. excl. overl
35
I I I
ITo 47.1, I 38 41 44 48 I
29 lexcl. I I
147 . 1 to I 32 35 38 41 I
19
17 8 . 5 , excl. I I
12, 178.5 to I 22 25 29 32 48 54 I
16 194 . 2 , excl. I I
20, 194 . 2 to I 19 25 25 29 38 51 I
16 1 157 . 0 , excl. I I
25, 1157.0 to I 16 19 22 25 35 44 I
14 1 196 . 2 , excl1 I
50, 1 196 . 2 to I 16 16 16 18 29 38 I
\392.5, excl. I I
ls
1e Variations for Length - The longer dimension specified is consid-
'la tes ered the length, and permissible variations in flatness along the length
should not exceed the tabular amount for the specified width in plates up
,he width to 4,000 mm in length, or in any 4,000 mm of longer plates.
B Flatness Variations for Wi4th - The flatness variations across the width
should not exceed the tabular amount for the specified width.
6-
JIS G3101-87
1500
6-8: Preferred Standard Thicknesses Unit: r:un
in I
1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 ( 2 . 6 ) 2.8 ( 2 . 9) 3.21
4.0 4.5 5.0 5.6 6.0 6.3 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.01
12.5 12.7 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 (17.0) 18.0 19.0 20.01
25.0 25.4 28.0 (30.0) 32.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 45.0 50.0
I Tensile Test
I I
I Yield I Elongation
I
I Point or ITensile I
I Yield IStrength I Dimensions of Test %
Bending Test
I !
I I
I ! Bending Angle Inner Diameter Test Piece
I I
I Steel I
I I
I SS330 ! 180' 0.5 t No. 1
I I !
I I I
I I I
I i I
I I I
I I I
I SS400 I 180' I 1. 5 t No. 1
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I SS490 I 180' ! 2.0 t No. 1
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I SS540 I 180' I 2.0 t No. 1
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
II I I
A B
<6 +25 +5
<6300 o o
",6 +25 +10
o o
<6 +0.5% +10
;:6300 o o
+0.5% +15
o o
Tolerance B does not apply to thickness of ~20 mm.
from
I I Tolerance
I I
I I I Mi 11 edge Cut edge
I I I I
IWidth I Thickness ISteel platelSteel A B
I I las rolled Istrip and! Normal Resheared
I I I (with [cut I cut edge or fine
I I I untrimmed Ilengths I cut edge
I I ledge) I therefrom I + +
I I I I
I IUnder 3.15 I I 5 2.0
I 13 . 15 or over tol I 5 3.0
IUnder I & exel. 6.00 1 1
1160 16.00 or over tol 2 [10 0 1 0 0
I I & exel. 20.0 I I
I 120 . 0 or over I I 18
I I I i
I IUnder 3.15 I 1 5 2.0
1160 or13.15 or over tol I 5 3.0
lover I & exc1. 6.00 I I P
Ito & 16.00 or over tol 2 I. 10 0 4.0 0 I
6
lexcl. I & exel. 20.0 I I
1250 120.0 or over I I I 15
I: I -1 I----------l-.....,
I IUnder 3.15 I I I 5 2.0
lUI
1250 orp.15 or over tol I I 5 3.0
lover I & excl. 6.00 I 0 I I /3.
Ito & 16.00 or over tol + Not I 5 I 15 0 4.0 0 I
16 .
Iexel. I & exel. 20.0 I specified I I
1400 120.0 or over I I 10 I
120
I I j I -------------
I IUnder 3 . 1 5 ! I 10 3.0
IUn,
1400 or13.15 or over to! ! Il 3.0
lover & excl. 6.00 I 0 I +20
/3. :
Ito & 16.00 or over tol + Not I 0 10 0 5.0 0 I '
16. C
Iexcl. I & excl. 20.0 I specified 1
&
1630 120.0 or over I I 15
20.
JIS G3131-90
Remark: For steel strip and cut lengths therefrom, the standard widths
2,000 mm or under shall be applied.
, Tensile Test
I ~I------~I--------------------------~
I I I Elongation %
ig-I Chemical I Tensile I
ionl Compo- Istrength I Thickness Thickness Thickness
I sition,% I I 1.2 rom to 1.6 rom to 2.0 rom to
I I I (MPa) I 1. 6 rom 2.0 rom 2.5 rom
I PIS I I excl. excl. excl.
---1----11 1----11----
tandard 0.05010.0501 270 min. I 27 mlfl. 29 min. 29 min.
max. I max. I 1
0.04010.0401270 min. I 30 min. 32 min. 33 min.
max. I max. I I
Ini t: 10.03010.0351 270 min. I 31 min. 33 min. 35 min.
I max. 1 max. 1
914
1250 1. The C and Mn contents are not specified, but SPHC is manufactured
1829 from carbon steel having a C content of 0.15% or below and an Mn
3000 content of 0.60% or below. SPHD and SPHE are manufactured from
carbon steel having a C content of 0.10% or below and an Mn con-
tent of 0.5010 or below.
widths 2. Mechanical test values do not apply to abnormal parts of at both
ends steel stri~ (coils).
I Tensile Test
I
I I Elongation %
IDesig-1 Chemical
Inationl Compo- Thickness Thickness Thickness I
I I sition,% 2.5 rom to 3.2 mrn to 4.0 rom andlTest
I I I 3.2 rom 4.0 mrn and I
I I PIS excl. excl. over I
1 I I I I 3.15
ISPHC 10.05010.0501 29 min. 31 min. 31 min. I No. 5 4.00
1 1 max. I max. I I 5.00
ISPHD 10.04010.0401 35 min. 37 min. 39 min. I Rolling 6.30
I 1 max. I max. I I 10.00
ISPHE 10.03010.0351 37 min. 39 min. 41 min. I
max. Imax. I I
Tolerances I
---I
! Mi 11 Edged i Cut Edged
[---------1 i
Thickness I Steel Plates Steel Strip A(Ordinary ! B(Re-eutting or ! C
,! As Rolled and Cut Plate Cutting) (Precise Cuttinoi !(Slittino!
I'
--------------1.----.--
.
, -<
I Under 1.15 5 2_0 O, 3
11.15 to 6.00 exe!.1 +,
-' 6 J.0 O. 5
I 6.00 to 20.0 exel.1 10 4.0
I 20.00 and over 10
I
I Under 3.15 5 1.0 0.4
I 3.15 to 6.00 exel. 5 0 J.O 0 10.5
150 I 6.00 to 10.0 exel. 10 4.0 I
I 20.0 and over 15
I
I Under 1.15 1. 0 o, 5
I 1.15 to 6.00 exel. o 15 5 o J.O o 10. 5
400 I 6.00 to 20.0 exe!. t Not 10 4. 0
I 20.0 and over speei fied 15
I
! Under 3.-15 10 3.0 0.5
I 3.15 to 6.00 exel. o +20 10 o 3.0 o 10. 5
630 I 6.00 to 20.0 m!. t Not 10 5.0
I 20.0 and over speci fied o 15
I
I Under 3.15 10 4.0
to 13.15 to 6.00 mI. o t 30 10 o 4.0 o
16.00 to 20.0 exel. t Not 10 6.0
I 20.0 and over specified o 15
I
Tolerances
Cut Edged
i
iWidth Thickness
!hll Edged
/
/
C Mn P s
For steel sheets and coils of grade 1/8 hard> 1/4 hard, 1/2 hard and
fuD hard> increase in hardness is achieved by sometimes changing
their chemical composition instead of by temper rolling.
n~. No, 3 \
speD ?270 Roll i ng Cl os i fig ko 1) in,g
di i;CtiOIi '['i qhU y di feetieri
43 s
} ____ ___L _____ " __________ -'-________.L_______ L. ____________ , ____________ L__________ c_________,
1.In principle, tension test values shall not apply to SPCC, but
thesis when required by the customer the values in the parenthesis shall
appl. -
are 2, Whel tension test values or Erichsen values or both are guaran-
, the teed for SPCC in compliance with a customer's request. the suffix
T shall be biven to the designation: SPCCT
:hickness 3. In principle, the ;~nsion test shall be omitted for thickness less
than 0,60 mm.
period 4. For SPCEN, non-ageing shall be guaranteed for a period of six
s. months from the date of shipment from the works. Non-ageing
indicates performance in which stretcher strain does not occur
during working process. The bending test shall be omitted for
standard tempering.
Tolerance on Thickness
Under 1,250 +7 +3
-0 -0
r 1,000 +10 +3
-0 -0
to 2,000, excl. +10 +4
030 -0 -0
035 to 3,000, excl. +15 +6
.040 -0 -0
. 045 to 4,000, excl . +15 +8
.05 -0 -0
.06 to 6,000, excl. +20
.06 -C'
.08
.09
.10
.1l Tolerance on Flatness Unit:
~
n ar:r:"rd- Flatness A Flatness B
Kind of
fied, UNClmll0a I Strain Bow Wavy Center Bow Wavy Center
Edge Buckle Edge Buckle
1,000 12 8 6 2 2 2
Unit: to l,250,excl.! 15 9 8 3 2 2
to l,600,excl.! 15 11 8 3 2
and over ! 20 13 9 5 4 2
,s B
The specification shall apply to cold-rolled steel sheets 500 mm or
more in width of standard temper grade. Unless otherwise specified,
Flatness A shall app!y.
T
6-38 Steel Flat Products
PNS 127-88
3.
Table 6-33: Tensile Strength and Elongation of Tempers 1, 2, 4
and 8
Tension Test
8 294-412 25 min.
4 373-490 10 min.
2 441-588
1 549 min.
Tension Test
Jni t:
Division bylTensile I
0.80 NominallStrength Elongation,%, min. I
2.50 Thickness,lMPa, min. 1 I
mml 1------------------11
I 0.25 & I 0.25 to 0.40 to 0.60 to 1.00 tq 1.60 to 2.5 &1
lover I 0.40, 0.60, 1.00, 1.60, 2.50, over I
I I exel. excl. excl. excl. exel. I
1--------1----1 I
1 275 I 32 34 36 37 38 39 I
S 2 275 I 34 36 38 39 40 41 I
3 275 I 36 38 40 41 42 43 I
045
035 1. The tension test values do not usually apply to Class 1, unless
030 specified by the purchaser.
2. Table 6-34 applies to steel. sheets and strips 30 mm or more .in width
but does not apply to those less than 0.60 mm in thickness.
/
3. For temper S, Class S where non-ageing of the sheet/strip is
2, 4 designated, the material shall have a six-month guarantee after
delivery by the manufacturer.
0.030
I 0
4,000 to 6,000, excl. I +20
0.035
I
O.040
O.045
0.050
0.060
I Composition,%
I
I Grade
I
A B C DA E F Over
I I
I I
I Carbon, max. I 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.40 0.20
I Phosphorus, max. I 0.04 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.04 1,5C
I Sulfur, max. I 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
I Copper, when copper I 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20
I steel. is specified, mini
I
A Class 1 and 2. or UI
the
PNS 67-86 e
Note: The nominal thickness of sheets and coils is tte thickness of the
metal in millimeter measured prior to galvanizing.
Th
Note: 1. Thickness is measured at any point across th8 width not less
mm from the side edges.
Division Tolerance
Width +10
1. 40
o
--------------------------1
Length +15 I
the
o I
The actual length of coils must not be less than the nominal length.
'Uni t:
3660
3660
3660
3660
,220
ess than
NOTES
-~
Design Examples 7-1A
PART?
DESIGN EXAMPLES
NOTES
IXdilllJ;'.l E
~.lI' (jill1~' j E
CONTENTS
. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area
B Flange width of section or shorter leg of
tubular section
DL Dead load of the member
F Basic design stress component of inertia
Basic design stress component normal to
/ the roof
FT Basic design stress component parallel
to the roof
DESIGN EXA~lPLES
t
7-4 Design Examples
e that
ul to
s
ed on
er to
ew
ive
a di:;c.u",,,,
al el
the
struc
good
General
1 3.00 m
2 4.50 m
3 6.00 m
T
The roof slope commonly used by Engineers is about 1
cal to 4 ~orizontal, except where there are constraint or spec
reasons necessitating a more gentle or a steeper slope.
standard or lesser roof slopes supporting Galvaaized Iron (G.
or asbestos roofing sheets, 51~ ..!?.1lU1) diameter sag rods are
adequate. For roofs with steeper slopes supporting heavy roof
(such as concrete) tiles, or unusually heavy live load (such
in "lahar" areas), larger diameter sag rods may be necessary. Ir
i3ary. In standard roof slopes, with a truss top chord wind bracing
having no distinct top chord strut~ intermediate "trussed"
is by may also be required. The purlin flanked by top chord
connections has to function as a "strutted" purl in.
Purlin Design
For such situations, ordinary sag rods may not be able to provide
effective lateral supports against torsional buckling. Short
of struts (with angle connectors at both ends) instead of sag rods
may be necessary. The length of the angle connector shall be
equal to the depth of the purlin. Two bolts located as near as
sible to the flanges shall be provided. The struts, located
T opposite sides of the web of the purlin, commonly connected by
:ed two bolts, will then provide the necessary stiffness to
in SUtlDort_ the purlin laterally, especially the bottom flange.
Lins .
Sometimes, purl ins are made to support loads which were not
-considered in the origina_1_ design. These "extraneous" loads are
air conditioning duc~s, sprinkler piping systems, electrical
condui ts and cei lings. Furthermore, "unscrupulous" trade con-
hang their wares for convenience onto the purl ins using
to ther G.I wire, or small diameter rods, or 50 mm x 50 mm wooden
ins Worse, wire or rod hangers are sometimes supported, not
the purlin itself, but on the sag rod. So the sag rod bends
pulls the purlins laterally out of alignment. The purlin
sags and twists resulting in a se:lous maintenance problem.
------------- -----.---
7-10 Design Examples
GiVE N
3pan, I.. = 5.00 rn. Wind
Roof 310pe Angle, IX = 14.030 deg. Dead 7ang!
(Jurlin 3pacing, 3 = 1.00 rn. live DI..
No. of Ones of Sag Rods = 3 LI..
Height of Roof = 6.00 rn.
Wind Zone = 2
Exposure Category = B
Irnportance factor, I = ! \
70p flange fully supported laterally by roofint}.
30W710N REFERENCE
Dead I..oads:
G.I. Roofing = n.on Pa
Purlln & Access., say = 08.00 (Ja
7otal, rz, = 14000 pa
UVe I..oad.
f = 1000.00 Pa NSCP Teble 2.1C
1.1
EHAMPLE # 1 - DESIGN OF A PURLIN '>tlt. f.H 1.2
FTFFRFNCF
; 2.1 C
WI( = 07S( I IOS.96 + 30 I 50) = 10SS.60 Nlm
Wr = 07S(3396 + 0) = ;:S47 Nlm
2.3-A
Case #3: 0.7S(D + WSuct. )
32-J
WI( = 0.7S(l3S82 -90450) = -S7652 Nlm
Wr = 07S(3396 + 0) = 2S47 Nlm
Part 9:
S'l mm .
Miscellaneous
1.25 m 1.25 m
Tables and Date
t-----'? X Sag Rods
A /3
=W(yX(I.-X)
MIj 2
327 3456
1.92 m
At Section 0
/::'"
X = ) 25 + 0.536(125) = 192 m
Mw - (! !OS.96x 10-3 ) !92(S.OO - !92 )/2 ,
= 327 k.N-m
Tf
re
~
, ,eous
! 2S m
(:4 /3
d Dete Pert 9:
Mi scell eneous
-0.0 3!
Tebles end Dete
Mr / I"- /
0.0!0
S'I mm
L =! 2S m Wr = 276.96 N/m
At Sect ion 0
Mr = 0.0304Wr12
= 00304(27690 X ! 0- 3 )(! 25)2
= 0.0!0 kN-m
At Section @
Mr = 007!4WrL2
= 0.07 ! 4 (27f, 90 X 10- 3 )( 125 i
= 0.031 kN-m
Trial Section:
Req'd Depth = U30 NOTE: I f den ect ion
= 5.00 X !03/ 3 0 is not criticel e
= 166.07 mm shell ower section
mey be used.
The closest I.C shape to satisfy depth
requirements is an I.C !75 mm
REFERENCE
7[\/. LC n5x50X20X20 rnrn
Pert 3: 7c
Ix = 2,021 X 10 3 rnrn'i Sx = 30.0 Xl 0 3 rnrn 3
Iy = 199 X 10 3 rnrn 'i Cold-Formed
Sy =55 xl0 3 rnrn 3
Xc = 14.2 rnrn Gage Shapes
sirni/(
c.g.
Xc
y
Norrnal 13ending Stresses
Norrnal flexural stresses at all points (1,2,3 & 4)
shall be calculated using the following:
fN = NJNI Sx
At point (j) of Sect ion 0)
MN = 327 kN-rn Sx = 30560 rnrn3
0v =(327xI0- 3 )1(300 xl0 3 X 10- 9)
!
=109.00MPa
I!1/3ULAlION Of S7RESSES
me
In
Doul
I
Strut DeSign
Given:
Length, L = 6.00 m (J ~C:I====:=JIE-- (J
lixial Load, (J = 4000 kN
Material Yield Strength, fy = 245 M(Ja
Use !3w/t--{jp Tee Shape (!3W7)
(.h'~'c = j ~
1'/ ---p;- = 2 (7[2)(2x 10
245
5
) = 12694
.
lieal
KUr = (6 OOx1000)132S = 167.6 say 168
Refer to ALLOWABLE
Since KUr '> Cc the allowable compressiVe stress is.' COMPRESSIVE STRESS
rs
fa = 3649 m(Ja Table. Val ue of Ca does
not appl y when
Qa = 1.00
KLir > Cc
Qs = 1.00
If there is no val ue for
Capac ity,
Qs on BWT Shapes Table
(J cap = (Qa)(Qs)(fa)(li) use Qs = 100
=(100)(100)(3649 X)03 )(2190 xI0- 6)
= 7991 kN '> (J
s
nee Therefore trial section is veC/.. adeguate, f!Ven if
hin bending due to self weigh: is inrluded.
General
r beams (1) The flexural stress of the crane runway girder due to
pporting vertical wheel loads, plus
upported (2) The axial stress of the top flange as a chord of the
wide. horizontal truss, and
(3) The flexural stress of the compression flange due to
has lateral loads, wilen the set of wheels are positioned to
mple produce the maXlnum horizontal bending moment.
/3/~
IX ;
rt;
/3;
Ie very
scope EHAMPLE #3 - DESIGN OF A BEAM Sht. EH. 3.1
:able of
-; Steel GIVEN
design- P 0 8 }OO kN '
Span, L ~ }O.O rn.
~
:lign of
Concentrated Load at Mid Span. w
N =36.00 kN
U = 45.00 kN
fy = 248 MPa
Lateral support, Lb ~ 5.00 rn.
)f beam, Minirnurn f3earn Depth = U30
i th the
'im. The
This SOLU110N REFERENCE
bottom
truss. Calculate f3ending Moments.
compres-
Assurne self weight, w = 050 kN Irn
Due to P = PU4 = 8} .00 x 1O.001 LI = 20250kN-rn
ges not Due to w ~ vIL218 = 050(} 000 )218 = 6. 25 kN-rn
O.65F y ' 70tal M =208.75kN-rn
compact 7ry cornpact sectionfb = 0.66 fy : }63.68 Mra
than L u '
al sup- Req'd Section Modulus,
ss than Sr = Mlfb = 20875('0 6 )1(16368)
= } ,275.35 x} 0 3 rnrn 3
T
I
Req'd
Compute, La = 200/3 I fy = (200x200)lj248
= 2,540.00 mm (Lb
or = 138,0001(HIAf)fy NSCP 4.5.1.4. 1 is
= 138,0001{(0141)248)
Sub- Paragraph 5
=3,940.47mm ( Lb Since
a roo
3ince Lb is greater than Lc the allowable bending be co
stress is limited to 0.00fy or less.
ComJ?ute Cb.
M, = 0 M2 = 208.75 k.N-m
Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(M, 1M2 ) - 0.3(M, IM2)2
= 1.75 since M, 1M2 =
Compwe:
j703,000Cb ( L ( !],520,000 Cb
fy rt fy
)703,000X 1.75
248
( 5.00x 10 3
52.3
( P ,520 ,OOOX 1.75
248
70.43 ( 95.00 (
157.60 I
Condition satisfied!
= 13489 M(Jo
Req'd ,section Modulus, ,sr = Mlfb
= 1,547.56 x 10 3 mm 3
IS (,sx therefore section is adequate!
1.4. 1
'graph 5
,since the depth of the sect ion is less than U 30, as
a roof beam, deflect ion is not crit ical and need not
be computed.
General
NG extending all the way to the truss level. The other set of
column brace is located along the plane of the centerline of the
runway girder (extending from the ground up to the bottom
runway girder).
.4s,
of t
corr.
Max
;t
;t
/3ase
deter
TCL/3'W
.4 =.
\ Hlt0
rx =
It =
ter
EHAMPLE #4- DESIGN OFA COLUMN
Sht. EH. 4.1
(With Uni-AHial Bending)
(J = 26,00 kN
'~ssion GiVen,'
, is 1 0"" t~,d
REFERENCE
SOLUtiON
I
7-32 Design Examples
j703,000Cb
fy
( L ( j 3,520,000 Cb
fy
rt
I
"1-
7043 (
9414 (
157.63
Condition satisfied!
= [2 248 ( 94 14 )2 ]
'3 - IOS5 X IO b x 175 248
= 135.81MPa
Ast,,,,cia
Til
RENeE
Columns subjected to bi-axial bending are common in
ldings. Except for columns at elevator cores, floor-to-floor
braces cannot be tolerated, due to architectural constraints.
-axially loaded columns are usually components of three-
olllle:n:,;ional moment frames supporting gravi ty loads and/or lateral
I
7-36 Design Examples
g of
e co"'''''''''''~:
Addi t~V""4
umn
tal to
for
;ign
!d on
:!r fil
;~i zes,
may
:;)
:j
: will
i-pass
'ting prclce....
re to
'W
Colurnn ends free to sidesway, ern = 0.85
~ Mx =
My =
REFERENCE
SOLUTION
The rnaxrnurn slenderness ratio for Quilding colurnns
in seisrnically actiVe areas shall not exceed 00. The fie
rninirnurn radius of gyrat ion about t!?e weak axis is:
We
Minirnurn rV = KLyl00 = 1.30 X 500x 10 3 /00
= 108.33 rnrn
),MOC) -374
Jf9 . Fy
k) NSCP Sec. 4.5.1.4.1
Sub- Paragraph 4
= (i ,6801} 248)() -374xO) S7) = 4404
Since (H Itw = i 9.3) (4404 ---'> OK!
= 103.08 MPa
fbx = Mx/sx
= (SOO.OOxIO -J )/(0,SSO X /0.3)( 10- 9)
= 70.34 M Pa
fby = My/Sy
= (J 2000x 10 -J )/(2 ,30Sx 10.3)( 10 -9)
= S074MPa
NeE
Combined Stresses:
122.11
(I - () -
NOTES
PART 8
WELDED JOINTS
- - - - - - - - - - ---------------------------
8-18 Welded Joints
NOTes Abbn
Requi
Notes
c
p
CONTENTS
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
ABBPEVIATIONS
metal
of p
merel:
and d,
eritti,
tude,
hili t3
. nectec
I
il
AW:
TI
circuit
. deviati
the dep
. given.
WELDED JbINTS
Requirements
may be
led as
~ ~ CJ I I V V Y ~ \( If
SUPPLEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
'led the CONTOUR
BACKI~G SPACER WELD ALL FIELD
AROUND WELD FLUSH CONVEX For other basic and
- supplementary weld
cy from
0 ~
symbols, see
for T-
(groove
II -D- -- /'..
AWS A2.4-86
'ld the
STANDARD LOCATION OF ELEMENTS OF A WELDING SYMBOL
ion may Finish symbol -'- ~Groove angle or included angle
groove
istance
Contow' symbol--- .. ----
_.__
--
.-. F
A--'-
. .-
/
.-.......- of countersink for plug welds
/---. Length of weld in mm
_'1PitCh (c. to c. spacing)
thout Effective throat------~ ........ R
pi
;; of welds in mm
D'p," of p"poro,;O" , ,',
or strength for certain welds
~_\ ~ ~
""} / C F "," .", " mbo'
' , S(E;:O 0';;; I ! /"Weld-all-around symbol
speclflcatlon,processf-- Vi - L P
or other reference
Tail(omitted when
reference :s not used)
Reference line -"-
-..- T
_ -- /11/I
<
ell '-}
g~
<tv> L'~ Arrow connecting reference line
Basic weld Symbo~~. t - - to arrowside member of jointor
or detail reference .... arrow side of Joint,
Note.
Size,weld symbol, length of weld and spacing must read in that order from left to right along the reference fine.
Neither orientation of reference line nor location of the orf'O'r'.' alter this rule.
The perpendicular leg 01 t,., V, V, If weld symbols must be at left.
Arrowood Other Side welds are of the some size unless otherwise shown. Dimensions of fillet welds must be shown on
both the Arrow Side and the Other Side Symbol.
Flog of fjeld-weld symbol shall'be placed above and at right angle to reference line of junction with the
arrow.
11 11
Symbols op~y between obn !pt changes in direction of weld log unless governed by the all around symbol or other-
wise dimensioned.
l11ese symbols .do not explicitly provIde for the case that frequently occurs In struc.tuml work, where duplicate
material (such as stiffeners) occu'S on'the for side of a web or gusset plate, The fabricating industry has adopted
this convention: that when the billing of the detail material discloses the existence of a member .on the for side
oswell on the near Side, the welding shown for the near side sholl be duplicated on the for side.
--.-I'
5 ~cJ.:.:.:-:-: .. ) ~:\~:>.
~
'f;';';"::':'::"
{ ~ {
BO::lQ metal las.:! BO.:lemeral6 or
fhon 6 'hiCk more In thlckne$3
eA) (6)
J_"'-----
w,
ee) (0)
Skewed T Joint
NOTE: En)E~ ~ el1(1cflve throats dependenlon rnoQnlluda ot "roofoponlnQ'Rn)~' Sub3crlptin) repreS6nl3 1,2 ,30r4.
"AnQlessm oiler than GO\ioQrees orc perm I tred; howov(lr, In such cases, The weld 15 considered to be 0 portio r jo Int.
penetro1ion Qrove weld.
For oddittionol reqiurcmenls for skewed T joints> see 2,3,2.4,)f AWS OL 1-88
Welding
process
SMAW
GMAW R , -, A,N
FC AW +2, -0 All
r---'--~~::~~:l~::i~8~:r------'
:~1{:::
'4
mlo
Notes
Note J
Gas
Shielding
for
:Or 4. See AWS 3.3.1. (FCAW) Notes
I
8-10 Welded Joints
Base
Groove preparafion Permitted
, Welding Joint welding
process designation Weldinl
proces
SMAW 8-U2a u
SMAW
Permitted
Welding Joint welding
designation i
SMAW CU2a U U
GMtW
GMAW C-U2a-GF FCAW
U U
FCAW
SAW
e.
ASEPSteel Handbook
-330-
... .,.
Welded Joints 8-11
Gas
Jo int Roat
des ig not 10 n F,;:.:c"'T-C;::::"'I 0 pen i n g
B- U2 U
B-U2-GF
S-L2c-S
Permitted as
welding Shielding
Joint for
designation pas itions (FCAW) Notes
I
8-12 Welded Joints
metal thickness
Groove preparafion Fermitted
J oj nt (U :; U nli mited) 1- --=--c---------r----~R"o--a-t---------,----,,---------1 wet din 9
designation 1---------;;-----,--,"1 foee positions
U,
SMAW B-U30
Specer:; 3 )( R
K Bock gouge
Over to
65
_L __J
50
65 75
S l-----.--l 75 90
-4f~
90 100
100 120
120 140
140 160
metal Bose
thickness r_---;~;~IG~r~o~ov~'el~~:~~~=:~j
Root opening Fbrmitted
Gos
shielding
(U:: unlimited) Root foce As fit up weldIng for
Groove angle posItions (FCAW)
R '0 to 3 + 2, - 0 + 2, - 3
U f , 0 to 3 -t 2, - 0 Not limited
GMAW B-U3-GF All Not
FCAW ()( :; B :: 60 0 t 100 - 0 +10-5
R'O + 2,-0 + 2, -
1 :: 6 min + 6,-0 + 6,-0
SAW U 01' :; /3 :; 600 + 10,-0 0
+ rOO,-5 F GMAW
T
find $, see table ab -lS, f) FCAW
SAW
'S
cis
PREQ UA LI FlED WELDED JOINTS
Complete Penetration Groove Welds
As detailed As f~ up
Gas
shielding
for
I FCAWI
Groove preparation
Joint Gas
desgnation shielding
SMAW B-U4a
GMAW
B-U4a-GF
FCAW
!,er to
) 65 35
'5 75 45 I (4)
:5 90 54 IT)
,0 100 60 joint (C) Note V
'0 120 70
0 140 80
'0 160 95
1j > 160 or T, .;
,$, '2/31T, -61
Gas
shielding Base
for metal th ickness Gas
IFCAWI Notes Groove preparation shielcing
Welding Joint for
process desfJnotion (FCAW)
Not
required SMAVI TC-U4a u u
C,M,N GMAW
TC-U4a-GF U U
FCAW
---j T,
Permitted Gas
WeldinQ Joint welding Shielding
designation positions
for
pnocee As detailed ' As fit up (FCAW) Notes
r-~J'-1
,: 1 NoteV
ng Groove preparation
metal thic,kness Gas
Not Root opening Permitted shielding
Root face welding for
Groove angle positions (FCAW) Notes
Br,C,N
R' Oto 3 +2,- 0 + 2 ,-3 All ,J,R
A,Br,S f = 0 to 3 + 2,- 0 Not limited A,C,J
red N
TC-U4b-GF U U Q' ::; 45 +10,-0 -rIO o , -5 All Not req. R,V
R=O iO +6,-0
TC-U4b-S U U f = 3mo, +0, -3 2 F R,V
or= 60 +10, _0 +rO~~5
weld (5)
As detailed As mup
Base
metal thickness Gas
1-_~_-=-G;..:ro.::.ov:.:e:,cp:.:.re2p.::.o:.:ro,-tio.,:n'-~_--l Permttted shielding
Joint I-(-=-U_=.::.u;;nl:::im.::,it.::.e-=-d:,.)~ Root Root welding lor
opening face (FCAW) Notes
U, Br,C
B_U5b Spocer= 3xR R=6 f=Ot03 "'=45 All
M,N
T
8-16 Welded Joints
Bose
Gas
metal thick ness Permitted shielding
Root opening
Welding Joint (U :: unlimifed) welding
,
Roof face s fit up tor
Groove angles it ions (FCAWI
Weldln\
R:: Oro 3 + 2, -0 + 2,- 3 Proc6s6
SMAW B-U5a U
f :: 0 to 3 + 2, -0 Not limited
ex :: 45 All SMAW
tlO O +f3 +10
f3 :: OOto 15 ()( +t3, -00 ()( '-5
GMAW
R'Oto 3 + 2, - 3 FCAW
GMAW t'Ot03 Not limited Single-J
B-U5-GF U All Not req,
FCAW ex :; 45 T-jolnt
fJ :: 0 to 15 Corner j'
T,
~T
Gas
Permitted shielding
Root opening Tolerances
Welding Joint Root foce welding tor
process designation Groove angle positions (FCAW) Welding
Process
~ Back gouge
r T1
I
-jf
f
As Detailed As At Up
Gas
,shleldlllQ Groove Preparation
for Gas
IFCAW). Permitted Shielding
Root Groove Root Groove Welding for
Opening Angle Face Radius Positions IFCAW) Notes
eV
0
i, J
Weld;'
Proce
B
Metal SMA
Welding Joint
Process DesignatIon Square
Butt ]0
B-l)6
SMAW
C-U6
, +.
Weldin
___-+--<eOCk gouge Proces
SMM
Single-v
Butt Jail
Corner J
Gas
Welding Joint ,hielding Welding
Process Designation (F~oAW) Process
GUAW
FCAW
SAW
Fit-up to
T,
'"
I Thickness
Permitted Effective
Joint Welding Throat
Designation r---::;---,-::;--1 Root Opening As detailed As fit up Positions ( E) Notes
Base
Metal Thlckneu
{U::un!Jmltod}
Joint
Designation, s
Fit-up tolerance ,SAW :See AWS 3.3.2:for rolled shape R nlay be 8tnmln thick plates if backing is provided.
r" T- Joint
Corner
Base Welding
metal thickness prOce8~
Root opening Tol Permitted
Welding Joint (U =unlimited) Root face As detailed As titup welding throat
process designation Grooveangle posItions lEI SMAW
R'O + 2,-0 t 3, - 2
SMAW B-P3 13 min
f = 3 min UnlimIted .1:2 All S GMAW
Q( =60 + 10,-00 + 10
0 0
,-5 FCAW
*Fft-up tolerance,SAW: tor rolled shapes R moy be 8mm in thIck plates if backing is provIded.
Welding
process
SMAW
See NOTe:
TS
PREQUALIFIED WELDED JOINTS
-
)
Permitted Effective
Joint welding throat
designation h~~~~ positions (E) Notes
Effective
Joint throat
designotion ition$ (E) Notes
R=O + 3 ,- 2 F,H
BTC-P5-GF 13m1n U f = 3mln Unlimited ! 2
ex ::: 45 +IO~-O +IO~-5 V,OH
R=O !O +2,
E,J2,L
TC-P5-S 19m1n U f = 6mln Un limited ! 2 F
Mp ,Q2 ,V
ex:; 60 0
+I 0,-0 0 +100, -5
.. Fit-up tolerance, SAW: for rolied shapes R may be 8 mm In thick plates If backing Is provided.
on page
- . _ . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _....-
T
8-22 Welded Joints
Welding
Process
Permitted Effective
Welding Joint Welding ThroC1t SMAW
Process Desig nation Positions IE) Notes
SMAW
SMAW BC-P6 6 min U All S
G,MAW
FCAW
GMAW BC-P6'GF 6 min
FCAW All S GMAW
FCAW
SAW
SAW BC-P6-S II min F S B,E,Q2
5
SAW
tFlt-up tolerance ,SAW: See AWS 3.3.2;lor rolled shapes,R may be 8 mm In thick plat II bacl<ll19 Is provided.
bouble ~ . h
Butt JOint
T-)o/nt {T
Corn.r JO/11
Proceu
Werding Joinf f - - - - - . - - - - - i Permitted Effective
WeldIng Throat
Process Designafion SMAW
~~~~-+~~~~~~~-+~~~~E~~~~~~~~~~~~~P~O~S~it~io~n~+-~I~E~)_-+~~~-i
unlimIted GMAW
SMAW B-P? 13min +6,-0 All s, + S2 FCAW
~::: 45 +IO~-O(l
AppI* to jn~
+Fit-up tolerance, SAW: See AWS 3.3.2; for rolled shapes, R may be 8 mm In thick pial.. II backing is provided Apples to 00
Fit-up tolef(
Note V
Permlftod Effective
Jotnt 1-----,-----1 Weldlnf,l Throat
{E I Notes
Designatio Positions
fectlve
rhroat TC-PS' 6 min All s E,J2,Q2,V
(E) N
BC-PS" 6 min u All s E ,J2 ,Q2tV
s
All s
TC-P8-S' I J min u F s
s
t I m!n u F s
provided,
Not V
~
L~t8J
Permitted Effective
I-____ -,-_-:-~-__/ Welding Throat
Pot>ltions {E I Notes
All E,J2,MPP2,V
All
19 min U F E,J2,Mp/J2,v
19 min.. U F E,J2,Mp,Q2
',',:;",'"" ',;;;;;,.,"" I nu .
Ing Is provided AWS 3.3 . ;torrolladshopes Rmayl>e14mm In thick plote$lf baCkIng [s provided.
"'';''
.:..;:-:.!.'
r r
Greove Preparation
';:"'o J------,-..--..----T~---,---_j Permitted
Welding Joint Root Groove Root Groove Welding
Process DesignatIon Open Ing Angle Face Rodlus Positions
B-U9-GF u R = 0 to 3 a = 30 (= 3 ,= 10 All
Welding
Process
Double-J-groove we>l(9)
T-Jolnt (T)
Corner (C) SMAW
GMAW
FCAW
S\W
For colc
Groove PreparatIon
Permitted Gos
Welding Joint Welding Shielding
Root Groove Root Groove for
Proc~ss Oeslgnathm Opening Angle Face Radius Positions (FCAW) Notes
(C I
(EI ,
, "7
V ,
r---- ..~0'<.:".)-___-{ . J
,-,'(:-
Tl
f- -- - .".?
--I
I
Go
I i
for
CAW) Not ..
N
Permitted Effective a
Welding Throat t
Joint
Designation Positions (EI s
+ 2,-0 + 3,- 2 J2
BTC-PIO 5mln U 7i min NotUmited + U,- 2 All 5/8 T, 02
-O,+Not - O,+Not Z
Limited Limited
For cold formed (ABOO) rectangular tUbes, C dimension is not limited (see AWS commentary).
Gas
;hlelding
for Notos
:FCAW)
Ired
I,
ASEP Steel Handbook
-345-
8-26 Welded Joints
NOTES
7
Misc. Tables and Data 9-1A
PART 9
MISCELLANEOUS TABLES
AND DATA
;~----------------""'---""."'$--
t
9-1B MiscellQneous Tables and Data
Abbre
NOTES
Simpl
Canti
Beams
Propp
Fixed
Fixed
Beam
Beam I
Equal
u
C
Contin
Single
Single
CONTENTS
Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 9 - 8
Wi th Overhangs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
t
9-2 Misc. Tables and Data
ABBREVIATIONS
, ...... 9
" ... 9
American Society For Testing and Materials
Systemes Internationale
, ...... 9-49
...... 9-53
...... 9-54
...... 9-56
...... 9-57
...... 9-58
r
9-4 Misc. Tables and Data
NOTES
wL
R=R
o b =2
-
wi! L
Mmo, =8 at x=2
I I I I wx
s=--
24EI
(U- 2Lx 2 +x')
5wL4 L
Sm" 384EI at x = 2
wL3
eo = e = 24EI
b
wa
R=-(2L-a)
a 2L
wa 2 2 a
w Mmo , ~ 8L2 (2L-a) at x = -(2L-a)
2L
6 =wx
- - [.a 2(L+b)2-2ax 2 (L+b)+ LX~
~a-+-b-1
Forx<a:
24LEI
Forx>a:.
wa 2
8 = - - (L-x)(-a 2+4Lx-2x 2 )
24 LEI
wa 2 2 wa 2 2 2
eO =24LEI U.. + b ) e b = 24LE,(2t -a)
p PL L
Mmox =4 at x =2
Sma, = 48EI
pi!
pf
6=
at
48EI
Px (3f - 4x 2 )
x =2
L
e" = eb = 16EI
' ....
T
9-6 Misc. Tables and Data
If x = a Pab
6 = Pa b
2 2 eo
= - - - (L-t- b)
6LEI
3L1
Px
Forx ~ 8=-(3aL-3a 2-x2)
a
6EI
Pa
Fora <:x.:;; L-a: 8 = - . . (_a 2 + 3Lx- 3x 2 )
6FI
_ Pa 2 2 L
8 mox - 24EI (3L - 4a) at x=-
2
Pa
eo = e = 2EI
b - ( L - a)
Mo Mo
.Ro =--- Rb = -
L L
Mmox = Mo at x =0
Mo
~--------"A
M x
6= _0_ (2L2- 3 Lx t x 2)
6LEI
_ Mo L
eo - 3EI
II
I SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
I
1';-----------------.
Mo Mo
!! Ra '" - -
L Rb=-
L
Mo L
For 0 =b: ;':- at x =--
2 2
For x'; 0:
For o?i:- b:
Mo
eo = - Mo 2
- - (L - 3b I
6lEl
2
eb =--(L
6LEI
2 2
-3a )
WoL
R a =6-
- 3x 2 )
L
at x = ~ '" 0.577L
WOL4
-0006522
5 7'ax-, EI at x=0.5J QY 3L
0.423L
T
9-8 Misc. Tables and Data
Ra = force reaction
Ma = mom<!nt reaction
Mmax = maximum bending moment
6 = deflection in y direction
6. = deflection at free end (maximum deflection
E I '= constant in all cases tabulated)
e. = angl e of rotation at free end
wL'
Ra'" wL Ma'" - Mma< = 2
I I I wx'
6= --(6L2_4Lx+X2)
B 241
WL4 wU Wo
6 =- I = -
b 8E! b 61
2
Ra = WO Ma = -Mmax = 2wa
For x .;; a:
wx 2
6= - - (6a 2-4ax+x2)
24C!
wa'
For x >-0: 8= --(4x-a)
241
wa'
8. = --(4L-a)
241
Ra = P Ma = - MmaX = PL
~~1-A:;-------~B( Px
8= -(3L-x)
61
2
6 = PL.'
b 31
Ra '" P
Px 2
For x .,; a: 6=-(3a-x)
61 .
Pa 2
For x >- a: 6=-(3x-a}
61
,
i;
- ,
~
..'
CANTILEVER BEAMS
t Ra =0 Mo =- Mmox = Mo
,
L B
21
6 ,MoL2 e- MoL
b = 21 b - /
woL WOL2
R =-- Ma = -Mmax~::: -~-
a 2 0
wor~
~ I
'- 2
WoX
I T]:r:-r=:=r= ' 6=
120LEI
(lOL 3 - 10ex +5Lx 2 -X 3 )
;A B
WOL4
6, = ---- 9, = -Woe
--
) 30EI ) 241
T
q-lO Misr. Tablp-s and Data
Ro Rb = force recctions
Mb = bending moment at support B
Mmox =- maximum positive bending moment
eo. e, = angles of rotation at supports A and 8
5 e = d eflecrion at free end C
ee '" angle of rotation at free end C
R ",J!.(Lta)"
b 2L
wa"
Mb "'---
2 2 2
_L- a
For L >a:
.
Mmox '"
IY("
80 L - a
2)2
at x ------u
e o '" 24'1
wL (2a 2_L2) e '" wL.(4a'_L 2 )
b 241
~ (4a'+40 2 L - L')
ec '" 241
wa"
Ra '" - 2L R '" wa (2L tal
b 2L
wa'
A~~-------B~~C
Mb " ' -2-
wa 2 L wa'L
eo '" 121 ab "'--
61
p
Mb '" -Po
tC PaL
e '" PaL
o 61 e b '" 31
w
J
_~\-'-I--,--,-IS--,----,--lI'---'.I--LI--,--I
v.
o~ 3L
xI =-
8
WX
6 = __ (L3 __ 3Lx2 +2X3 )
tiBET
wL4
Smax =0.005416 El at X =0.4215L
WL3
eo = 481
Pb 2
Ro= 1;(=-(2Lt-a)
a 2L"
b b
Pa
R =-\1, =-(3L2
2L'
- a2 ) (
P Ma
A I B~ .
Pab
Mb =-M2 = 2L'{Lt-a) Ra
A I Pab 2
f-- a -+-b--j M =-(2L+a)
I 2L"
Pb 2 x
For x <:; a: 5= (3aL2- 2Lx2_ ax 2 )
12L" 1
Forx;;. a: 5 = Pa
J2L"1
(L-x)2{3L 2 x-a 2x-2a'L)
t
Fora (;{j2- I)L~OAI42L;
Pa (L' _a')" {L ' +,,2)L
Va C
5
max
= -
31 {3L2- a 2)2
at x =
3L 2 - a2 0i--
For a> {Vi- I)L '" OAI42L:
Pab 2 ;-a
Pab
5 mox
=
2
61 vi2~ x=L4L:a
o~
eo = 4L1 M2
r;Mo 3Mo
,
~ ~
Ro=-R
. b
=-
2-L
~A B
3Mo
Va = Vb = - - f--
2L
0
M =-M2 = Mo Vac
v.1
a
"'--v
Iv.b b
Mox
2
OI-
5= 4L/{L-x)2
5 = MoL' L I
max 271
at x =-
3
MoL
eo = 41
o~
M2
Ra , Rb = force reactions
Ma , Mb = moment reactions
V = sh ear force
M = bending moment
M, = maximum positive bending moment
E I = constant M 2 , M, = maximum negative bending moments
S = deflection in y direction
Smax = maximum deflect ion
WL2
Ma =Mb =-M2 =12
-
)_ 2 + a2)L
3L 2 - a 2 wU L
M, = 24 at x, = 2
wx 2
.; S = 241 (L - x) 2
wL4 L
S max = 384EI atx=-2
IP
~A t B ~ P
Ra = Rb = Va = - Vb = "2
>
I---L/2 -+I-L/2 --I
PL
.. V C-V Ma =Mb =-M2 =8
) ~I ~ PL L
~x,-L __-,I'/"
M I =8- at x I = 2-
.) M, L Px 2
For x>(-: S=--(3L-4x)
. 0 /t<M Smax =
2
PL'
48EI
at x = .l::.-
Mb7Z,~ ~M
192 EI '2
2 2
~A
( B~ Pb z
R.=v. = -(3a+bl
t=l-
I a I b-/ L'
PaZ
Rb = - Vb = -(3b +0)
L'
Pab'
~l.~v_-I
Ma =-M, = -
1Vb Mb =-M3 = - -
L'
Prlb hI
~
L2
22
2Pa b
M, = at x, = a
MI L"
Ptlx"
For x <:;;;0: 6 = - - (3aL- 2ax- Lx)
0
6L"E!
~
2Pa"b" 2aL
Fora;;'b: 8 max = at
M2 I 3!(20+ L)2 x = 20+L
M3 ~(
w
, I
, A
f II I
8 ~
R = 13wL
a 32
Rb = 3wL
32
5wL 2
'!--Ll2--J Ma = " wU
192
M ---
b - 192
Ra -wa
= 2L" (2L3 - 20 2Li-0 3 )
w0 3
B~
Rb = 2L" (2L- 0)
wa 2
M = - (6L2- 80L -t- 30 2 )
a 12L"
W0 3
Mb = 12L2 (4L- 30)
w
2aL
X = 2a+L ~ 5! I [trj Ra = Rb = wa
ta~ La~
w0 2
Ma=Mb = 6L (3L- 20)
w
~A I IS j I 8 ~
f-a~ la--J w
M = Mb = - ( L 3_ 60 2L i-4a 3 )
a 12L
~A I fi I B ~ Rb =~
2L"
f(L - b)3(L-t- b) -03(2L- 00
L' J
Ma = ~ ~L- 0)3(L +30) - b 3(4L'- 3b0
12L L J
Mb = ~ I(L - b)3(Li-3b) - 03(4L- 30)1
12L L J
=
t
9-16 Misc. Tables and Data
P p
~A B~
R, = Rb = P
! I Po
Mo = Mb = T(L - a)
p P
R, = Rb =P
~A ! I 8 ~ 2PL
Mo=Mb=-
f..-L/3+ L/3-+-L/3-j 9
p p p 3P
=2
~ I J I ~
Ro = Rb
P p P
Ro = - Rb = -3 (L3 - 6a' L + 40')
~A 1 t 8~ l:.
Po '
Mo = - Mb = -. (L - o)(L - 20)
L
3M
Ro =-Rb = - -o
2L
Mo =-Mb=- _Mo
4
NTS <
.
FIXED - END FORCES AND MOMENTS
. ',
- - - - , ..
,
~A
(to
I B~
I,
i
' .
a
1 b-j
,
~l
_ 9woL R _ woL
R0 - 40 b - 40
~L/2-
Bf
--L/2----j
Mo=
23wo L 2
960-
7woL'
Mb = - 960
~~
woL
Ro =Rb = -
4
~Ll2-+-L/2~
W O L2
Mo =Mb = - -
32
WoO
Ro =Rb=-
2
W0 02(2
.
M=M=-- L-o )
a b 12 L
~AI---Ll2~ B~
Ro= 160 Rb= 160
M = woL2 M _ 3woL2
L/2---j a 30 b - 160
w 0
=
R. _0_3 (IOL3
a 20L
- 150 2L +80 3 )
WO
W 03
~ A~ B~
R =_0_ (15L-80)
---cerrO b 20 L'
W 02
M =_o_(IOL2_ /50L+602)
\;.
,
I a a 30L"
Wo 0 3
'-- Mb= - (5L~40)
20L"
\
l~~
woL
Ro=Rb = ~
M -M _ 5wO L2
~L/2 L/2~ 0- b-
96
~A ~ B~
WO
Ro = Rb = 4(L- 20)
~a~b~b~a~
Wb
Mo= Mb = 4~L (0':'2+ 40L-40 2 )
~~
WO Wo 0
~~
Ro = Rb = -2-
A~
f---a
~B a---i
WO 0 2
Mo=Mb= 12L(4L-30)
Parabolic load
~
lf11T-+- BI Ro = Rb = 3woL
f---L/2 . Ll2---j woL 2
Ma=Mb=--
15
I 2 ElL
Ra =-Rb = L'
- -M
Ma - b--cr
_ 6EIL
i
6EI8
Ra =-Rb = -L-2 -
M = 418.
a L
M(~ ~ R2 = Rb
3Mb
---
. J tRI tRz M
2L
Mb
[ ,= Ma +-
:
2
where Ra, R b , Ma , and Mb are found for a beam
with both ends fixed
:
3Ma
R, = Ra --U
:
: i ~~ R2 = Rb + 2L
--
a 3M
r
,
4 00
Wo Wo
~~~~
.17 Wo L2
384
1 Ll2 I LI2 .I 2
Wo
RA =Re = - ( L-o)
2
~Alllill Db~Wo
3
A ~B MA = Me =
Wo
12
[2 2 0
1.:-0 (2-y) ]
~I L
~ Me =
Wo
-24 [ L2_
2tJ
4
%0
RA = - -3 (10L3 - 350 2L+300 3 )
10L
Wo 5
Wo 0 3
A~~ ~B
R
~\
= --3
101.:
(35L-300)
~:.J J MA =
~02
30L
2
2 2
( 30L - 700L +450 ) a:
Maxim!
Wo0 3 b:
(35L-450) Pinned
Me =
30L2 Fixed t
Maxim
.
T
9-22 Misc. Tables and Data
MOMENT 0.3831 4
+0.1013 WZ2
kITrrn~TIT~YDUU.J~~~U~UJ
MOMENT 0,4501 n
0,4501 Typlcc
Span
6 Max, (0.479/ from A or OJ : O.0099d 4 /EI Loadif
e
CONTINUOUS SEAM-THRSE EQUAL SPANS-ALLSPANS LOADED ~
c'"
wi wZ wI "0
E
A EIII
; IIIII ~r[l crr;I' "\]!~III"III;IIII'D ::;;
+0.080wI
2
+0.025wI 2 +0.080w1 2 "
0: ,
I
I-- -
MOMENT 0.4001 0.5001 0.5001 O.400Z r ~'"
"c
,
I
".-
>0
,,
6 Mox. (o.446ltromA or OJ :,O.0069wt4/EI
-'"
.- c
~"
C
5E
uCi 1
< 2
"A ~
#1
B
\('1)1 .
A
)33wl
ri t~
Iwl
"
"
3
... '&I
c 0 '&I
4>\1
0 '&I ..
c
...
A '&
~y~
E E ~
.A
4 ~I i~ ~1 ..c
aw-~G 'IV' 0 '&I
._- r- -----.~-----.
., 5
...
c
It! ~O'H H'iiiY
~I
D ~7-t
4
A ~
I~~~
F G 'f'Y
t$\1
G~
I~
F '!
A
tM~1 I~
~1wl~ ~l
?6
Owl
(even;
A ~ ~~~ '!;'>' H H ~ D ~ c
l'~ (l~ftl iiii, ~I I ~)
~
.Jwl
2:7 C "!'3I D ~}' H
.- ~"H'rl.. H ~) H 1('9 D C
(odd)
~1 l'~ ~'I I-M rr.\{1 '1~
t '\4JJ F "1!>' G
-
"1'>' H "1'>' H
"1'.y
G "i'Y F 'I ~
n 00 2 3 4 5
,> p ,> p
1 11 !
Typical
11 1 1 1 1 1
p ,> ,> r r ,>
~,@M&
2" "2 p p p p
Span
Loading ! l 1l l 1 1
M, 0.086 x PL 0.167 x PL 0.250 x PL 0.333 x PL 0.429 x PL
.'
..'"
~
<=
E
M2
M.
0.096
0.063
x
x
PL
PL
0.188 x
0.125 x
PL
PL
0.278
0.167
x
x
PL
PL
0.375
0.250
x
x
PL
PL
0.480
0.300
x
x
PL
PL
0 M4 0.039 x PL 0.083 x PL 0.083 x PL 0.167 x PL 0.171 x PL
;:;;
M. 0.051 x PL 0.104 x PL 0.139 x PL 0.208 x PL 0.249 x PL
0::
E
F
1.086
1.109
x
x
P
P
2.167
2.208
x
x
P
P
3.250 x
3.333 x
P
P
4,333
4.417
x
x
P
P
5.429
5.1557
x
x
P
P
G 0.977 x P I. 9158 x P 2.917 x P 3.917 x P 4.871 x P
H 1.000 x P 2.000 x P 3.000 x P 4.000 x P 5.000 x P
.
....
~'"
.,c
>0
-'"
-c
a
b
c
d
0.172
0.125
0.220
0.204
x
x
x
x
L
L
L
0.250
0.200
0.333
0.308
x
x
x
x
L
L
L
L
0.200 x L
0.143xL
0.250 x L
0.231 x L
0.182 xL
0.143 xL
0.222 x L
0.211 x L
0.176 x
0.130 x
0.229x
0.203x
L
L
L
L
~"
E e 0.157 x L 0.273 x L 0.182xL 0.176 x L 0.160 x L
6 f 0.147 x L 0.250 x L 0.167 xL 0.167xL 0.150x L
rIt.
9-24 Misc. Tables and Data
MOMENT 0.603/
CONTINUOUS BEAM - FOUR EQUAL SPANS LOAD FIRST AND THIRD SPANS
A En;n1t B
wi
.
wi
1=r=~~J;!;;g1!;i;i11!~!Q;!!;g!1;Jji!tF"D==1= = j
R. '0.446w1 Re '0.572wl RC' 0.464wl Ro' 0.572 wi
IE
R E ' - 0.054wl
0.446w/ 0.018wl 'Tn.0.462w/ln= 0.054w/I..-.,..,::JD'==j0.054WI
SHEAR 0.554wl I '"'40.5i8Wi
-0.0536wl -0.0357w/" -0.0536 wi"
A t' wi
I I I I I I; II 5!=~' 'J'~
WI wi
I II ! I ~I I Imr:!TT~[JmJ E
wi
RA' 0.393wl Re' I.I43wl Rc' 0.928w1 Ro' 1.143w/ RE' 0.393wl
372 )
Misc. Tables and Data 9-25
-----.
; EQUAL SPAN CONTINUOUS SEA MS
UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOADS
I!
Moment = c oe fficient x W x L
12wZ ! Reaction = c oe fficient x W
.! where W is the UDL. o.n one span o.nly and L is one span
!wl
.
.
~',
'"
0.0.7g
'---,.-......
/m "l
"0..0.70. A:'
- ...-'" "i
;~O;"i.iV -;f0.63 \ -- ::~
,
~
~ '"
C). Q
0
W, -0..10.0 W, -0100 W,
~r= 0../01 1
- 0..050. w\
~t
-0..0.50
0./01
~r 0.073 ~t 0.0.54 ~t
W" -0..067 + 0.017
~t 0..0.94 ~t ~
W" -(>.10. 7 >1\ -0..071 Wi\. -0..10.7
0.0.77 ~
d
!! W, -0..121 W\ -0..0.18 -0..0.58 W,
0..094 ~r ~~ ~t ~~
-0..049 W\ -0..0.54 +0.0.14
-0.094
~f ~t ~~
0..20.3
C) c;;
W
~
c:i
W
rW -0..0.75 -0..0.75 I
~f ~t ~t ~t
0..2/3 0..2/3
c;; c;; c;;
-0..0.75 r -0..0.75
~~
c;;
t
W
~f
c;;
-0..175
0../75
i W
~f
C)
-0..0.50
---mc;;
~f ~t ~t ~t
0../63 0../38
W -0../0.0.
t +0..0.26
2~ W
0..20.0.
cif
~
0
~t
ti
W W -0..0.80.
t -0..0.80. i
~f
c:i
0..2/0.
~t
c:i
0..183
~i
c; ~~
0)
"-
;;; to
~ (1;
c;; c:i c;
-0..0.54 tW -0..16/ tW -0..0.54
~~ ~tci ~i
0./43 0../43
ci
W *f
C) 5f
i -0../00. +0..0.27 -0..0.0.7
~J ~f ~~ ~f ~l
0.20.0.
c;
-0..0.74 tW -0..0.80. +0..0.20
~ ~f ~f ~l ~1
0.173
C) c;; ci ci
0./22 ~
r l2 { 12 a
8t
~l
0.145 l);.t
\()
a w,-2 Wl2
-0.067
0./45 9ta
"- -0.067 * + -0.067
~I ~t o. /00. ~t
W2 W2 W2 W2 a
t t- * t
U)
~t . 0.//5
W12: WI2,
0.156
~t 0.085
-0.045
~t
! ! -0.089
"1
a ~
w,-2! ~<.'I
'" ! ! - 0.072 -----i(Tp'-'::-:-:-:-'--irr'-"----""""
~t 0.143 mt ~
Wl2 WI2 a WI2 Wl2
-0./6/ -0.024
~
~Wl2 WI:?
ga WI2 WI2 a
~
-0.048 * t -0.143 t + -0.048
~I ~t 0.111 "'_-:i 0.111 ~t
at WI2 WI2 a a
t t -0.089 +0.024 -0.006
0.137 ~f tt~ ~t
a
W2 W2 Ci ~
-0.066" Y - 0.071 +0.0/8
iIlja 0.099 ~t
a
r
9-28 Misc. Tables and Data
CONTINUOUS BEAMS
Moment And Shear Coefficients
Equal Spans, Equally Loaded .
+.076 +.079
p.I06.c=:>.07l=:S:OOOC::S07r:-s.IO~
'f", l''f'+'1
'.
CONCENTRATED LOADS
MOMENT AT CENTER SHEAR
IN TERMS 0,- PI + ,1~6 +.156
~-.167 If':>, f IN TERMS OFP
.. 'V t hi
p p p
~ +.t. ~ t t t
f ZV -$. t +,35 .6!!hO .50t.65 ."f
+.171 +.11 ;;, :t +.171
p
+
P
t
P P
i
r"W~ZV
-.119 -.1!S8~ i t
W "V t h4 .66t~4 .46 +.50 .tlOt.46 .54t:66 .3<4t
CONCENTRATED LOADS
MOMENT SHEIlR
IN TERMS OF PI
+.222 t.1I1
A-i..-.",.~
+.!!I +.222
AT; POINTS +i ++ IN TERMS OFP
t 't ....,."L.J,co.,'::,;:I",c:.,L,-'CO.-.,.
+.~6
+.244 +.106 +.066 +,068
~-2" H~2'#:J",.
t W'V
+.244
t
t I
p
t
.,it
MOMENT
CONCENTRATED LOADS
+.267 +.267 SHEAR
IN TERMS OF PL
AN.,..,...,,,,
+.258 +.022 +.OI2~..tl08 . ATL POINTS
4 IN TERMS OFP
t ~.
+.314 ~.12 +.314
+.28L-....+.Q97 t. . tP9L+,282
A +'"";...,372 .3T'2Y".~
Misc. Tables and Data 9-29
8 lz C
Coefficients:
I, I,
"'" k= 12 ,!!..
L I, L
SHEAR A D
TERMS 0'" wI @l ~ N = 2k+3
FRAME DATA
SHEAR
I TRMSOFP
t
VA
t
Vo
wL2
M =M
B c
=--
4N M m ,,= 8wL2 + Me
_ _ Me
L-;:r V = V = wL
2 HA-H o - -
A 0
h
SHEIlR
TfiRMS OFP
.~
p
LA -l-- Liz
i SHEAR
TERMS OFP
wL2
8N
, p V = 3wL
8
vo = wL
8
HA=Ho=_Me
lb A h
D--_h_ei_gh{-1.D
o Ho
Vo
t
2
Me= W: [-:N + 1] Ho = -Me
h-
2
Me = W: [-2~ -1]
iPc-j
8_--~~--~C
I 8 I
Cl--
A o P
Constant: a, ;71a
Me =~c [(3a~ ~ 1)k + 1]
Me = ~C[(3ar,.; )k _ 1 I]
Pc'
Vo=y VA=P-V o
M, = - HAa M2 =Pc-HAa
r Ii -
Misc. Tables and Data 9-31
~ 1 1 +
t"'"
HD I------n-
cl--
- -
-iC-
L --- D
~
D_HD
f
Va
o
Constant: 01 = Ii
M _M _ Pc(3o~ - I )k
B - C - N
H = Ho _. Pc - MB
A h
Po
-/0 B C B+ C
P P ---Po
A tJ+
T"'"
L __
A _HA D_HD
f
"-4 l
MB=-Mc=Po HA=Ho-P
V = -V =_2Po
A 0 L
Moment at loads = Pa
l----+-- L - - - 1
P
8 c
Ph
VA=-V o = - -
L
-+-P-- b ------1
c
t-
I--+-- L - - - - 1 o Ho
A
VD
,
Pb
V A =-
L
Coefficients:
k= I 2
I,
!25 4 = hI
.c: I, I,
lA 1----- L ----IE
m = 1 +4
8,,-3k+2 C=I+2m
~
FRAME OATA
K, =2(k+1 +m+m2)
R ,,-.pC - k
-<::
o _
A fo---- L ----IE 1
~
-M _wU k(8+15.p)+4(6-g,)
MA - E - 16 . N,
wL 2
Mc=S-1>M A +mM e
wL
VA =VE =2
+ HE
u , .
Misc. Tables and Data 9-35
--T c
c ....
JB Q1-
T -<::
" 1
i-----L ----IE
---
~MA
HA
I;:;
Constants: 01 =Ii bl = Iib
\I = PC[22_(1-3b~)kJ Y,. = Pc(~ - (3aF- I)k]
YIKI-Y2R Y2K2 -Y I R Pc B-3(01-b l )k
XI = X2 = 2N X 3=-2' N
2NI I 2
HA -- H-- Pc +MA - Me
h
.~ C
D_
I--+---L - - - - 1
M =0
-
f
---~.---.-,~--
A
-
HA A
MA~
v,;
f-
c
P
B
--
-~~--- ~ L ..
-~-~~-~~---
A E +A HA
'fo'M A
~
_ _ PhB _ 3Phk
M A - - M - -N- M
e =o-M -+ --
2N M=O
c
2 2 2
V -V =_p(htnt2 MA
= H =-H =- P
A c LAc 2
T
1
T --------C~S'
r B
[,
[2 [2 0 D
1,--
Coefficlerrts:
I\=I2
I,
.'2
s
i-----L- E
FRAME DATA
we(3+5m) WL2
Me=Mo=- 16N MC=a+ mMe
HA=H=_Me
. wL
VA=V='2
h
;i
;
,j
iiI
-------_._--- .
_ _ _ _ .,_~
,
. " . _ . __ ' n __ _ _ '. _
Misc. Tables and Data 9-39
'(Sl~\
!I \ !\! I I \ \ \ \I
__ __ c +~Lt.:;+~:--_~
B
WL2
32
- M _. wL2 (3+5m)
Me- 0 - - 32N
V _3wL
A-a
wper unit
height
------ C -------r
B
D -1"" D _
A 1---'--- L ~-
U
. w/ 2 (C+m)
Constant. X = 8N
i
9-40 Misc. Tables and Data
~-'-----T
8
C ~t"'"
w per unit height
.<;:
R---;---- L - - - - I E
A
1
M =_Wh 2 ,2(8+Chk wh 2
o 8 N tl'e=2+ Mo
H A = - (wh - H )
~~-~----T
18
.Q P
C ~t
T cl-
'"
lAI----L
~
= Pc 8 + C - k (30~ - I)
Constants: 0, =~ X 2' N
Pc
Me=Pc-X Mo=-X M C =2'-mX
M,=-o,X M 2 =Pc-o,X
Pc X
V=y VA=P-V HA=H=T
+ - -
Misc. Tables and Data 9-41
7 P
Constant: 01 =h-a
- M _P 4>C+k(30~- f)
M B- 0 - c. N Me =-4>Pc+mMB
c Po
B
B \/L_
Pa
~-l--- L ---....j
E.-HE:
t
V"
Moment at loads = Pa
rc ----,.... c EF
+ +
B
t D
-<:
- B D -
A
L
~
1 H~A
- Hf:
J ~
j((
PL C PL B
Me= Mo = -il'tv Me =+-.-
4 N
P
I-A = Vf: =-
2
----"~- ...... - - - - T C
C ....
D t
Ph
Me =Ph+Mo Me ="2+ mMo
P
.........., C
----, ....
C
il
1---- L ----I
t D _
I:
c
n
i,
I,
f(
fl
h
Ph Phm P n
Me=-Mo=+2" Me=O VA=-Vf:=-T HA =-Hf:=-2'
c
C
GA K Ga GA K
I'" ,,00
5:f0' 1.0 1?50,0
10.0
00-
~Hfj8
-00
10,0- 0
100.0- 100.0
5,0 5.0 50.0: -50.0
"0.9 30.0- 5.0 -30.0
3,0 3.0
20.0 4.0 20.0
2,0 1-2.0
10,~_ - 3.0 r)O.O
0,8
1.0- 1.0
~:g ~ I-',O
8.g
7.0 "<0 7.
0.8 0.8 6.0 "'i> 6.0
0.7 0.7 5.0 5.0
0.6 0.7 0.6 4.0 4.0
0.5 0.5
0.4 0.4 3.0 -3.0
~1.75
0,26~
o 0,5 ,0 o --1.0 o
(a) SIDESWAY INHIBITED (b) SIDESWAY UNINHIBITED
Figure 1. The subscripts A and 8 refer to the joints at the two ends of the column
section being considered. G is defined as
G = L. I./L.
L I./Lg
in which r: indicates a summation of aI/ members rigirlly connected to that jOint and
lying In the plane in which buckling of the column is considered. Ic is the moment
of inertia and Lc the unsupp,)rted length of a column section, and Ig is the
moment of inertia and Lg the unsupported length of a girder or other restrain-
ing member. Ic and 19 are taken about axes perpendicular to the plone of buck-
ling being considerea.
For pinned column end Isupported but not rigidly 'Connected to a footing or
foundation), G is theoretically infinitYI but, unless actually designed as a true
friction free pin, may be taken as"IO 'for practical .de~igns. If the column enq,
is rigidly attached to a praperly designed footing, G 'is theoretically zero but'
may be taken as 1.0. Smaller values may btl used if justified by analysis.
Girder stifhess Ig/Lg should be multiplied by the fol/owing factor for the stated .
condition: 1.5 fvr far end hinged, Figure I la); 2.0 for far end fixed on Figurella);
0.5 for far end hinged, Figure lib); 0.67 for for end fixed, on Figure lib).
Pf
EFFECTIVE LENGTH FACTORS, K
( 0) (b) (c) (d) (e) (0
I I
I ~9' i
I
""," W4
,,
II I
J",",
,,
, p
,, ,, ,, f
,
,,
/
,
f
,/ I
, ,, /
,
Buckled shape of column /
[ ,/
,,
Is shown by 'dashed line ,,
(
I I
,,
I
,
\
/ , /
\ \ /
f
I I I
~~
I -"--"
"p,
f
1
1
Rotation free and translation fIxed
End condition code
Rotot Ion fixed and trons:otlon fre,
Iif'l
? RotatIon free and translatIon tree h
1
t\\
\
p\ p
,,
\
---
Kl
,,
1
--- ....
1,
,,
I
,,
I
I
I
I
I
,
I
,
I
T
b
a y -
'I I
J,
J ~f'1
c, 7 C2 = distances
e = distance to shear center
to centroid
, A = area
I
I
I lx' Iy = moments of inertia
I
I Ixy = .,roduct of inertia
:/
"
Sx Sy =section moduli (=I/c )
rx ry = radii of gyration (= V I/A )
J = torsion constant
:.0
Rectangle
!.Q
~y A = bh
bh 3 hb 3
Th 0 x
1=-
x 12
bh 2
=-
Iy
12
hb 2
IXY = 0
h~2
S =- S =-
1 ~b-j
-L ~
x
x
=--
6
2../3
h
y 6
r = --
y 2~
b
4
J = f3hb 3 For h;::' b: I
f3~--O b (1 -b- -)
21-
3 . h 12 h4
Square
b4
Ix=/ y = 12 Ixy=O
b3
Sx =$y =6-
b
rx = 'Y = 2.j3
f3z0.141
y A = b2
b4
I =[ = - lXl =0
x y .12
b3
S =$ =--
x 1 6/2
b
~
x
=~
1
=2V3
--
J =f3b4 (3 ""0.141
Isosceles Triangle
jY 2h. h bh
C, : - c2 = - A =-
3 3 2
bh" hb"
I =- I =-
K 36 1 48
Ix bh 2
SKI = C; = 24
hb 2
S =-
y 24
h b
rx = 3-/2 ry = 2;;6
G 4a &JI 2 ;;;;;;:;
Misc. Tables and Data 9-47
f..-b~ 2bf?'+ht 3
.) '" L W
3
A '" 2 ( b t + htw)
h2 b2
Ix'" S(3b t + htw) Iy'" 6(3hrw + b't)
h b
Sx '" 3(3b t +htw ) Sy "'3"(3htw + bft)
~
YVA
r '"
"~
9-48 Misc. Tables and Data
C = _.:..:h_2.:!!tw,--_
I 2( b~ + h'w)
y A = btl +ht",
Jtl C X
S = .!L = h(4bt, + htw) SZ=!= h Zt w (4bt, + htw )
1 C2
xl ci 6 x Cz 6(2bt, +htw)
! -+ ~tw
i S
y
-
b 2 t,
6
r=fi:
x VA
r=!
y v1;
J = btl + ht~
3
IITr f
2
S
1
= .:x...~
b
-( btl+2ht. ) S = Iy = b ,,(btl +2htw )
YI C, 3 W y2 Cz 3( b~ + htw)
II; Ii;
rx=.j~ ry=lt-
J .. 2btl + ht.,?
3
a , . .] s
i iii
Misc. Tables and Data 9-49
R , a
2sTii7
R, , a
2 Ion ~
I, ' '2
, AC6R'-a') , A( 12R,2 + a')
" ht",> 24 48
, ~6R2_a2 , ~ 12 R!2 + 0
2
'I = r2 24 48
2K
ANGLE Ion 29 ,
Ax Is of moments through
cenler of gravity A
'y '.
, I (b + c) x , b 2 +- of d' + ot
2(b+c)Y' 2(b + c)
~~a
K , Product of inertia about X-X 8: y-y
, + abcd!
\ ----+--r-T - 4(b +c)
~:tions> y C
,, , ( t!d - y)' + by'- a(y -I)')
, ,ISot_ 'II 1 , {- ( I (b - x)3 + dx'- c(x - I )')
Xl" . . .~-
e X
"
, Ix sin 2G + I)' cos261+ K sln2 e
I,
~ H=:!:::::::il=t--i I.
, II( cos 2 9+ly 51n 29 - K sln2G
'Y =0
BEAMS AND CHANNELS
Transverse force oblique
Ihrough cenler <A gravlly
F 13 = 1II! 51n 2 + I)' cos 2 1!f
'4 ,
2
Lit cos2 + I)' '1m "
f. = M (f- s ,nH T
x y:
C0S)
t
9-50 Misc. Tables and Data
itl 11
r.-----l
d s ,
I , bCd 3 - d,3 )
12
bCd 3 -d 3 )
I
~I
6d
I r , Y d 3 -d,3
. 12Cd -d, )
f.-b~ Z , _b (d" -d,")
4
r t--r-~1-tt
3
I , 12 +bl; + 12 + b,l,y,"
bl 2..!!...!L.
d d, ______ ++ S , I
c
$, =
I
c,
~I I
le,
-=t-=if r , {f
~b,~ ~ Z , ~ [d - ( ' ~ I, )]
TRIANGLE
Axis of moments through A , bd
cent~r of gravity 2
ili1
c , 2d
1 3
.-- .1
I
S
,
=
~
36
bd2
24
~b~ r , d
YT8 =
.235702d
TRIANGLE
Axis of moments on base A = .M.
2
c , d
[31 ~b--i
$
I
r
=
= 12
bd 3
12
bd"
d
= -Vs = .406248d
13
=
=
15
32 O~
105
HALF PARABOLA
2 4 \.
[n->j 2 I, = .JL
175
0 3b
A =
114'~'
-ab
3 3
- Rab
L
12
m = a
5
480
-+-+-r' 13 = J...a~
105
:3",
;
J,
m
,---1.3
n = d.b
8
'4 = ... ab3
l-b-=.J 4
15
COMPLEMENT OF HALF
PARABOLA -
2
!<-n-.. A = .L ab
3 37 :3
T.1E!'~'
I, = 2100a b
7
a' " - "i' m - lOa I 0b3
lim ", 2 ,__ 1
n = .d.b 4
12 = 80
~b~
PARABOLIC FILLET IN t
=
r-m
RIGHT ANGLE 0
2[2
-,
2
"- b = V2
t I, = '2 = ...1L t 4
2100
lrCi"~, ~
~bf''<'l A
m =
= ..!.. t 2
6
n = .1. t
"y" f--- t--->l 5
FO
PROPERTIES OF GEOMETRIC SECTIONS
TRAPEZOID
Axis of moments through A , d(b + 1'1 )
center ot gravity 2
, d(2b+~)
r- '-1
b c
,
3(b + b,)
d 5 (tJ2+ 4bb, + !!f)
B
I
1 ---- J s
r
:
,
2 2
d
36(b+b,)
d (b + 4bb l + bf)
12(2b+b,)
Axis 01 mo ments c , d , R
If:
through center 2
, ~~4 , 4
P.~_l
I '.049087 d"' .785398 R4
3
S , lf3d; , 1T: , .098175 d', .785398R'
~ r , d
'4 '2
R
ll~E--)j_l
I ,
64
, 11' (ct4 - d, ) ,
S .098175 ct4~ d,
32d
I t ~" r , .jd 2 + df
4
, l1R2
HALf CIRCLE A -2- = I. 570796 R2
Axis of moments through
centor of gravity c = R (I -3~) = .575587 R
_____ ---~l S
I =
=
R4(!L.lL.)
8 911'
~ (911 2-64)
=
=
.10975',' R4
,190637 R3
24 (31T 4)
d--l r = R
-/91!2-64
611' = ,264336 R
Rectangle 6
5
10
9
Thin circular 2
ring
r or box A
section
A web
-+---- - f - - - - _~L A
7
I
9-54 Misc. Tables and Data
LE
TEMPERATURE degree Fahrenheit (OF) 5/9 degrees Celsius (OC)
(after
subtracting
32)*
TIME Same units are used: second{s), Same units are used: second{s) ,
SPEED OR minute (min) and fiour (h) minute(min) and Hour{h)
VELOCITY miles per hour (mph) 1.609 kilametres per hour (km/h)
AR
feet per second (ft/s) 0.305 metre per second (m/s)
knots I Nautical mile per hour
( n mile/h)
FREQUENCY
(Radio, FM, cycle per second (cis) hertz (Hz)
VO
AM, TV, etc.)
(Se
PRESURE MA
OR STRESS
" ".
a Fre
ASEP Steel Handbook
402-
3 , 7
Misc. Tables and Data 9-55
I
9-56 Misc. Tables and Data
SI PREFIXES
Multiplication Factor Prefix Symbols
, 000000000000 000 000 =lO'! exa E
1000000 000 000 000 =10: peto P
I 000 000 000 000 =10 2 tera T
1 000 000 000 =10" 9190 G
1 000 000 =lOG mega M
1000 =10' kilo k
2 hecto b
100 =10 h
10 = 10J dekjl,b do
0.1 =10-'
001010- 2
.
0.001010
0.00000 1= 10- 6
-. dec I
centl b
mlill
micro
d
c
m
/I
0.000 000 00 I =10- nano n
0.000 000 000 001 = 10-'2 plco p
0.000 000 000 000 001 =10- 10 fern '0 f
0.000000000 000 000 001 = 10-'6 alto o
Iii $ , n aL
Misc. Tables and Data 9-57
AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHTS
Grains Drams Ou nces Pounds Tons
1.0 = .03657 = .002286 = .000143 = .0000000714
27.34375 = 1.0 = .0625 = .003906 = .00000195
437.5 = 16.0 = 1.0 = .0625 = . O<X>0312 5
7000.0 = 256.0 = 16.0 = 1.0 = .0005
14000000.0 = 512000.0 =32000.0 =2000.0 = 1.0
DRY MEASURE
Pints Quorts Pecks CubIc Feet Bushels
1.0 = .5 = .0625 = .01945 = .01563
2.0 = 1.0 = .125 = .03891 = .03125
16.0 = 8.0 = 1.0 , .31112 = .25
51.42627 =25.71314 = 3.21414 = 1.0 = .80354
64.0 =32.0 =4.0 = 1.2445 = 1.0
LIQUID MEASURE
Gills Pints Quarts U.S. Gollon. Cubic Feet
1.0 = .25 = .125 = .03125 = .00418
4.0 = 1.0 = .5 , .125 = .01671
8.0 = 2.0 = 1.0 , .250 = .03342
32.0 = 8.0 = 4.0 = 1.0 = .13378
7.48052 = '1.0
T
,
9-58 Misc. Tables and Data
o
SI CONVERSION FACTORS
Quantity Multiply by to obtain
Length Inch ~5.400 Millimetre mm
Foot b 0.304600 Metre m
Yard b 0.914400 Metre m
Mile (U.S. Statute) 1.609 347 Kilometre km
F.
Millimetre Inch In
Metre 3.260 640 Foot ft
Metre 1.093613 Yard yd
B
Kilometre 0.621 370 MUe ml
x 10-6 F
Cubic millimetre 61.023 759 Cubic inch In"
Cubic metre 35.314 662 Cu blc foot ft
Cubic metre 1.307 951 Cubic yard yd 3
Litre 0.264 172 Gallon (U. S. liquid) gal
Litre 1.056 666 Quart (U.S. liquid) qt
&
Misc. Tables and Data 9-59
O
SI CONVERSION FACTORS
:nm
Quantity Mulfiply by to obtain
n
n
(m Force Ounce - force 0,278014 Newton N
Pound - force 4.448222 Newton N
Kllopascal
6.894757
2.98898
3,386 38
0,145 038
Kllopascal
Kiloposcal
Kilopascal
Ibf/ln2
,
Kllopascal 0.334 562 Foot of wafer (39.2 F)
Kllopascal 0,295301 Inch of Mercury (32F)
NOTES
. ~,
)
..... \
f
.. . .
'
.
.
,.
(,
..
s ,