REMOTE TELEMETRY UNIT
Arlinson D. Chimborazo Franco E. Gutirrez
Imbachi
Universidad del Cauca Universidad del Cauca
arlinson@unicauca.edu.co linic88@unicauca.edu.co
ABSTRACT- This paper introduce of RTU, about his
functionality, programing, communication, protocols, state
of art and aspect additional, starting off that the RTU are
very used in the industrial, and it is important to know and
understand about this theme
KEYWORD- RTU, industrial networks, comunication of
RTU, programation RTU
1. INTRODUCTION
With the time it has become necessary develop capable
devices of measuring different variables that they present
in an industrial process, And that these measures be
transmitted to remote places, In order that they could be
analyzed, studied and to take the corresponding
decisions, for that they do not affect the processes.
In addition there is needed the management of great
number of signals accurately of milliseconds And the RTU
have developed to perform these needs
2. REMOTE TELEMETRY UNIT OR REMOTE
TERMINAL UNIT (RTU)
What is?
Is a remote device that monitors and reports events
occurring at a remote site. This allows, to the network
operator, to manage the network more effectively,
keeping service flowing to the customers and users to
protecting the revenue stream. So and RTU is small
and strong computer located in a remote site is and
Stand-alone of acquisition and control of data.
Some RTUs are also capable of remotely controlling
remote site gear using control relay contacts or
protocol-based commands. Without this ability an RTU
can only report remote events. While this is valuable.
Still the operator must physically travel to the
monitored location if a change must be made. An RTU
that includes remote control capability reduces this
Jaime A. Lpez
Lasso Tabango
Universidad del Cauca
j.andrex@unicauca.edu.co
(often multi-hour) travel to a simple mouse click (or
even a fully automated response).
RTUs collect information from their local environments
in several ways. First, the gear that forms the
backbone of the network will generally report problems
as they occur. These reports take the form of discrete
contact closure alarms or more-detailed protocol
messages. Second, the RTU may have onboard and
external sensors that measure levels like temperature
and humidity. Also, important technical values like
battery and tank levels and power voltages may be
monitored.
Once the RTU has collected important information, it
needs a way to tell about it. First, to do it the operator
have to choose one or more communication channels.
In many cases simply use LAN/Ethernet. For more
remote sites (or those with legacy tech), might use
another method like dial-up modem, wireless
GSM/CDMA, or dedicated RS232/RS485 serial.
Once the channel is set, The RTU will use a protocol
to send status information. One of the most common is
SNMP ("Simple Network Management Protocol").
Directly-monitored RTUs can use HTTP/HTTPS to
provide an on-board web interface that can access
from any web browser on the network. SCADA RTUs
will tend to use DNP3 or Modbus to talk. Many older
RTUs use a vendor-specific proprietary protocol that is
compatible only with master stations from that same
vendor, or a multi-protocol master station like T/Mon.
With data logged from the RTU and sent. How will
receive information so the operator can take action? In
larger RTU deployments, the operator might have
dozens or hundreds of units in the field. It's smart to
use a central master station that collects alarms from
all RTUs, then summarizes all detected problems in a
single, convenient interface. If the operator has just a
few RTUs, can monitor each unit using increasingly
common web interfaces that describe events collected
by just one RTU at a time. More advanced RTUs and
master stations can also send you a text message or
recorded-voice phone call to alert serious problems.

Fig.3. RTU Remote

3. PROTOCOLS USED BY RTU

The RTU has the ability to communicate by the

Radio, microwave, satellite, modems, Fiber optic
Fig. 1. Simple RTU converters, managed and unmanaged
FLOW CH Ethernet Switches, DSL modems and fiber optical
converters (Mono- and Multi-mode).

The RTU use standard protocols to communicate with

host and sub device communication so some
protocols are:

HOST

IEC 60870-5-101/-104
DNP3, serial and TCP/IP
Modbus serial and TCP/IP
Other specific protocols such as Indactic
33/35, RP570/71
Telegyr TG800
Sinaut 8FW
Conitel 300
Estel
Harris5000/6000, Hitachi
Fig. 2. RTU Others

SUB DEVICE

IEC 60870-5-101/-102/-103/-104 IEC

61850-8-1
DNP 3.0 serial and TCP/IP
Modbus serial and TCP/IP
Meter interfaces
 Other specific protocols as RP570/71, SPA
bus
Others
3.1 IEC
Is an international communication standard for
automated substations that extends to other elements
of the electrical system. The goal of this is to
communicate RTU from different manufacturers
seeking interoperability between functions and
elements, and harmonization of the general properties
of the entire system. To achieve this, the standard
defines not only communications but also defines a
language configuration.
IEC adopt as LAN the Ethernet and defines various
logical and physical levels in a substation, as station
level, field level and process level but does not define
any particular topology.
The possibility of implementing a facility under IEC can
reduce wiring between different switch gear and
protection due to replacement electrical signals by
messages that send digital or analog information.
Trends in automation utilities, especially substations,
converge on a common communications architecture
with the goal of having interoperability between a
variety of IEDs found in substations, which can:
Develop a standard International
Organization for communications within an
automated substation.
Get interoperability between equipment
different suppliers.
Allow communication about power equipment
Reduce conventional wiring.
3.2 DISTRIBUTED NETWORK PROTOCOL - DNP3
Radio telemetry is probably based SCADA technology.
A typical radio network consists of a conversation
through the repeater located on a high point and a
number of RTUs that share the network. All RTUs
"talk" on a frequency (F1) and listen at a second
frequency (F2). The repeater listens on F1, F2 and
retransmits it in, so that a RTU which transmits a
message in F1, has retransmitted in F2, such that the
rest of RTUs can hear it. Master messages travel over
a dedicated communication link to the repeater and is
broadcast from the repeater F2 to all RTUs. If the
communication protocol used between the master and
the repeater is different from that used in the radio
network.
DNP3 has been used successfully over the radio
network, which encapsulated in TCP / IP, it enables a
general purpose network carries data to the Master.
DNP3 is a modern SCADA protocol, layered, open,
intelligent, robust and efficient, which can:
Request and respond with multiple data types
in a single message.
Segmenting messages in multiple frames to
ensure excellent detection and error recovery
Include an answer, only changed data.
Prioritize data items and order them
periodically based on their priority.
Reply without prior request.Time
synchronization using a standard format.
Allow multiple point to point and Master
operations.
Allow user-definable objects including file
transfer.
3.3 MODBUS
Is a serial communications protocol originally
published by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) in
1979 for use with its programmable logic controllers
(PLCs), Simple and robust, it has since become a de
facto standard communication protocol and is now a
commonly available means of connecting industrial
electronic devices.
The main reasons for the use of Modbus in the
industrial environment are:
Developed with industrial applications in
mind.
Openly published and royalty-free.
Easy to deploy and maintain.
Moves raw bits or words without placing
many restrictions on vendors.
4. PROGRAMMING LENGUAGES
4.1 Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
Sequential Process, is a graphical programming
language used for programmable logic controllers
(PLCs). It is one of the five languages defined by IEC
61131-3 standard. The SFC standard is defined as,
Preparation of function charts for control systems, and
was based on GRAFCET
 circuits I/O Devices wired to buffer transistors Control
decisions accomplished through programming. Relay
Logic representation (or LD) was developed to make
program creation and maintenance easier Computer
based graphical representation of wiring diagrams that
was easy to understand Reduced training and support
cost.

Fig. 6. Ladder Diagram (LD) [3]

Fig. 4. Sequential Function Chart (SFC) [1]
4.2 Functional Block Diagram (FBD)
Process Flow, is a graphical language for
programmable logic controller design, that can
4.4 Structured Text (ST)
describe the function between input variables and
Textual, Calculative, it is a high level language that is
output variables. A function is described as a set of
block structured and syntactically resembles Pascal,
elementary blocks. Input and output variables are
on which it is based.
connected to blocks by connection lines.

Inputs and outputs of the blocks are wired together

with connection lines, or links. Single lines may be
used to connect two logical points of the diagram:

An input variable and an input of a block

An output of a block and an input of another
block
An output of a block and an output variable

Fig. 4. Structured Text (ST) [4]

4.5 Instruction List (IL)

Fig. 5. Functional Block Diagram (FBD) [2]
4.3 Ladder Diagram (LD)
Electrical Flow, The Ladder Diagram (LD)
programming language originated from the graphical
representation used to design an electrical control
system. Control decisions were made using relays.
After a while Relays were replaced by logic circuits,
Logic gates used to make control decisions. Finally,
CPUs were added to take over the function of the logic
Boolean, Simple, Textual, It is a low level language and
resembles assembly. The variables and function call
are defined by the common elements so different
languages can be used in the same program.
Program control (control flow) is achieved by jump
instructions and function calls (subroutines with
optional parameters).
The file format has now been standardized to XML by
PLCopen.

Fig. 7. Instruction List (IL) [5]
4.6 Flow Chart (FC)
Logical, Decision-Based Operations is a graphic
language used to describe sequential operations. A
Flow Chart diagram is composed of Actions and
Tests.
Between Actions and test are oriented links
representing data flow.
Actions and Tests can be described with ST, LD or IL
languages. Functions and Function blocks of any
language (except SFC) can be called from actions
and tests.
A Flow Chart program can call another Flow Chart
program. The called FC program is a sub-program of
the calling FC program.
Fig. 8. Instruction List (IL) [6]
5. INCORPORED TECHNOLOGY
5.1 Intelligent RTU
The power of the Internet of Things (IoT) is enabled by
the implementation of intelligent electronic devices and
sensors on communication networks with real-time
data exchange and control functionality between the
field and a control center. It allows utilities to have
better visibility into the system conditions anywhere
and at any time utilizing advanced automated
applications that improve system reliability, efficiency,
and customer service.
SCADA is the preferred technology for monitoring
processes and events that are spread out across a
large geographic area. That's mostly due to the second
key distinction: SCADA has distributed intelligence.
This allows monitoring and control to continue when
communication to the central hub has been lost.
Conversely, a traditional DCS system would not be
able to operate in a geo-diverse scenario like this one.
It is too heavily focused on local events and has no
ability to temporary endure communication
outages.
A modern RTU reports to the master station only data
pertaining to significant changes in the monitored
variables. Thus, the central computer is released from
the time-consuming processing of redundant data and
can faster respond and can perform additional tasks.
Reduced equipment maintenance costs are another
advantage. Maintenance specialists in a central
location can determine from RTU data what to do in
order to fix the problem in the most efficient manner.
So, upgrading a SCADA with modern RTUs will result
in increased efficiency of plant or monitoring system
operation.
By leveraging the powerful embedded technology,
RTU can be integrated more and more functionality
and become a new intelligent iRTU to fulfill the
application in IoT Era. It can not only replace the PLC
to complete the local tasks faithfully, but also
communicate with the center master through the
available channels with the pre-designed behavior.
Face the big data application, iRTU can also help on
the data pre- treatment, not only reduce the loading
of cloud but also reduce the communication bandwidth.
Self-awareness is also a very important improvement
as an intelligent remote terminal. As key element of IoT
solution, iRTU is usually used to master all the
conditions in the field site. However, the most
important is the health status of iRTU itself, this factor
related to the system stability directly.
With the evolution of the era of big data, IoT technology
is being more and more used and its architecture
includes cloud computing and intelligent terminals
which are dispersed geographically over a wide
regional area. Examples are traffic monitoring
networks as well as industrial applications in the oil,
gas and water industry. In all cases intelligent RTUs
are distributed across the area (oil wells, water
pumping stations, gas pipelines). Their main task is to
ensure a constant delivery process (of water, oil or
gas) and safe and cost efficient plant operation to
perform, optimize and monitor these tasks, relevant
(big) data must be collected and in some cases pre-
processed by the terminals and RTUs respectively.
The information is then sent to the cloud through
wireless communication using Wi-Fi / 3G/Zigbee
technologies. Major advantages are:
Plant efficiency: Rapid integration of information in
the cloud allows to remotely monitor the production
process, data reporting, online planning,
equipment diagnosis and so on, effectively
improving efficiency and reducing costs.
System reliability: Intelligent RTUs are responsible
for collecting and analyzing local data, reducing
the load of center handling data, working with the
other devices, taking the initiative to report data,
status and provide alarms. iRTU can also
communicate with each other, quickly handle I/O
correlation and collaborate on emergencies to
reduce the loss. All is contributing to an overall
increased system reliability and availability.
Rapid and cost efficient maintenance: In the
remote and wide ranging oil, gas and water
applications site maintenance and updating
procedures are extremely costly. Intelligent
RTU can perform remote monitoring,
operation, maintenance and updates via the
Internet. iRTUs can perform update, complete
delivery tasks at the site, and upload data to
the cloud The cloud server is used to
accumulate the huge amount of data and
conduct high-speed parallel computing to
generate important operation and if required
- preventive strategies and solutions. This may
include improvement of production efficiency,
monitoring machine operation and distribution
state or localizing pipeline leaks. In the past,
workers were needed to supervise plant
operation. The use of intelligent terminal units
can help to install unmanned supervision and
control concepts and greatly reduce costs.
Major application fields suited for use of IoT
technology are:
o Oil wells, offshore platforms, pipeline
systems
o Water supply and waste water
discharge systems
o Air quality and emission monitoring
and control
o Electrical power transmission
networks
o Natural gas field and supply networks
o IT system infrastructure (Switches,
routers, servers).
CASE High Performance Water supply
management
A stable and safe clean water supply depends on the
accurate monitoring of water conservation facilities,
the use of advanced wireless communication and
highly efficient and intelligent terminal equipment to
monitor the remote facilities, making local judgments
and decisions, using cloud technology to record huge
amounts of data to gather data reports, for the sake of
applications using standard network technology,
comprehensive monitoring and management of water
conservation facilities, water pumping stations, water
pipelines, water towers and so on, to ensure the
normal and efficient operation, and achieve the
following objectives.
Establish a unified management of water
production and water use data, to understand the
supply and demand situation.
Ensure stable water supply, use the pipe network
system to ensure the stability of the existing pipe
network pressure.
Use simulation pipe network monitoring systems to
understand the changing demand and improve the
management of supply.
Use the SCADA monitoring system to detect the
pipeline leakage and loss and reduce the waste of
water.
Use the cost advantage of unmanned stations to
effectively improve the efficiency of the water
supply, and reduce amount of manpower needed
for regular supervision.
 equipment, and greatly reduce costs of man power.
Intelligent terminal unit can collect real-time
information of production, to provide the basis for the
deployment of resources

Fig. 9. ADAM-3600 in Water Supply application

CASE2 Digital Oilfields

Fig. 10. ADAM-3600 in Digital Oilfield application
With the evolution of the era of big data, Internet of
Things (IoT) technology is being widely used and its 6. SOLUTION IN THE MARKET
architecture contains cloud computing and intelligent
terminals. 6.1 SICAM AK 1703 ACP
With oil and gas operations reflected in the production
architecture, intelligent terminals are distributed across
the oil wells and pipelines. To handle delivery tasks in The innovative SICAM AK 1703 ACP automation
the field, the terminals can collect the relevant data, component provides a high level of flexibility and
and send the information back to the cloud server functionality, making for a successful automation system.
through wired or wireless transmission. The cloud can Comprehensive options for communication, telecontrol
be used to accumulate the huge amount of data and and for connecting peripheral equipment are included.
conduct high-speed parallel computing, to generate
important prevention strategies and solutions. The SICAM AK 1703 ACP aids automation of the power
To date, the process of the oil and gas industry, such supply networks which can match redundancy and
as the collection, transportation, refining, storage, performance requirements due to its system concept. In
distribution and end use has already generally been full compliance with IEC 61850 standards, the flexible
automated; nevertheless, the IoT-architecture will help combination of telecontrol, automation and communication
the oil and gas industries to enter the next intelligent
functions can be achieved. Client and server functionality
phase, such as:
on only one Ethernet interface is possible with this system.
Comprehensively monitor the operation of machines Interoperability was certified by an independent laboratory
and tools, reduce the operation time of inefficient for this interface.
machines and tools, and improve production
efficiency.
Because transmission and distribution pipelines are
located far from civilization, their maintenance is more
difficult. Therefore, when pipelines leak, the intelligent
terminal can monitor the status of the pipes, instantly
provide feedback to the monitoring center, and collect
all the pipeline information.
In the past, workers were needed to regularly
supervise larger oilfield zones. The use of intelligent
terminal unit can effectively identify status of

Fig.11. SICAM AK 1703 ACP, by SIEMENS Energy
Management
6.2 SICAM CMIC
Presenting a state of the art product. The SICAM CMIC by
SIEMENS. Is a product that was developed to meet the
demands of todays power supply issues. It features
integrated UPS functionality, a simple, direct connection of
the mains voltage and storage batteries is all thats needed.
In addition , SICAM CMIC delivers 12 V DC and 24 V DC
to supply modems and to scan floating signaling contacts.
It is designed to cater a wide variety of applications and
concepts. Quality tested to get the stamp of approval from
even the most strictest Approval Companies.
Fig. 12. SICAM CMIC by SIEMENS Energy
Management
More information in the pag web de SIEMENS Energy
Management
6.3 SICAM MIC
From the leader in innovating comes SICAM MIC a
product of sophisticated engineering by SIEMENS. It
features a modular, telecontrol substation and belongs to
the proven SICAM automation family. The devices consist
of a master control element and various I/O modules and
are designed for DIN rail mounting. It is made to Provide
optimum performance each and every time in any aspect
of its operation or utilization. Furthermore The master
control element serves for the interfacing and supplying of
the I/O modules and provides a telecommunications
interface in accordance with IEC 60870-5-101 for dial-up
or multi-point traffic. A must have.
Fig. 13. SICAM MIC, by SIEMENS Energy Management
6.4 Modbus-centric Smart RTU
Range of compact Smart RTU combining capabilities of
remote terminal units with the power of Programmable
Logic Controller and designed to run in challenging
remote environment. Optimised for Modbus-centric
control and monitoring application in the most remote and
challenging environments, the SCADAPack 100/300/32
range provides smart controller platform solutions with
energy-efficiency, ruggedness and and cost-efficiency in
mind.
Fig. 14. Centric Smart RTU by Scheneider
electronics
6.5 Data Site RTU and Electronic Flow Meter
When you need a rugged Remote Terminal Unit
(RTU), the Allen-Bradley Data Site controller from
Rockwell Automation is an excellent technology for
service in harsh and extreme industrial environments
 like oil, gas, pipeline, electrical and industrial
combustion applications. It is ideal for applications
that require wide temperature ratings and low power
consumption, and applications that are remote and
powered by solar cells or wind power.

Electronic Flow Meter (EFM) versions of the DataSite

controller incorporate AGA 3, AGA 7, and AGA 8
algorithms for computation of natural gas flow,
making it well-suited for remote site natural gas well-
head monitoring.

The DataSite controller is also available as a

configured panel in a rugged NEMA 4X enclosure,
which can be wall or pipe-mounted. Take advantage
of the standardized design with multiple options such
as an operator interface, wireless radio modems
(three standard options, including antenna and cable Fig. 16. PowerLogic ION7550 RTU by Rockwell
accessories or the option to use your own) and a 12V automation
DC or 24V DC system configuration.
6.7 iXC2 RTU

The iXC2 RTU monitors and controls industrial processes

such as oil and gas, petrochemical, artificial lift, pump
control, and tank level. Combined with the Rockwell
Automation advanced wireless technology, this RTU
offers userconfiguredsettings with expansive multi-user
connectivity.Features Overview The RTU is designed with
a host of features that can be controlled and monitored
remotely. Remote control is done with a web server or
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

Fig. 15. Data Site RTU and Electronic Flow Meter

by Scheneider electronics

6.6 The Power Logic ION7550 RTU (remote terminal

unit)

is an intelligent, web-enabled device ideal for combined

utilities metering of water, air, gas, electricity and steam
(WAGES). The device collects, scales, and logs readings
from a large number of connected meters or transducers
and delivers the information to one or more head-end
systems through a unique combination of integrated Fig. 17. iXC2 RTU by Rockwell automation
communication gateways.
7. CONCLUSIONES
- in conclusion the RTU with the big data are very
important in the model of modern SCADA systems
because the information processing is done in minor time
in intelligent RTU this will be show in the statistic in the
financial incoming of the company
- The RTU increased efficiency of plant or monitoring
system operation.
- The IOT with real-time data let exchange and control
functionality between the field and a control center
- The ciber-security in these devices is very important
because the data in the company is important and will be
protected
- In the Market is offer different solution for the needs, but
lots of the RTU dont communicate in brand different
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