CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Abstract

Leukotriene receptor antagonists(montelukast) have been used for many years in the
treatment of asthma both acute and chronic stages. They are accepted commonly as safe but
mostly possible side effects are ignored. However, montelukast also could lead to important
adverse reactions like hallucinations. In literature only 2 reports have been found about
hallucinations with it. One is a study which reports 3 patients from 48 children and the
other is a 29 year-old case report. In our case, psychiatric adverse reactions of
montelukast,especially hallucinations are reported similarly. We are presenting a child who
had visual hallucinations after starting to use montekulast and after stopping the medicine
these complaints disappeared in 48 hours. Although it is a safe drug, it should not be
forgotten that it has psychiatric side effects which may be missed easily especially in
children.

1.2 Problems
From the Abtract above, we have some problem is as follows,
1. What is Asthma?
2. What is symptoms of Asthma?
1.3 Purposed

Based on the above formulation of the problem, the research objectives of this paper are
as follows.

1. Knowing the meaning of Asthma.

2. Knowing the symptoms of Asthma.

CHAPTER II

1
 CONTENS

2.1 THE MEANING OF ASTHMA

Asthma is a disease or tired immunological disease that causes difficulty breathing. Its
caused by when someone got asthma attack, and spasma inflammation of the lining of the air
passages causing bronkiol wall in the lungs become narrow.Asthma may experience respiratory
whistling (wheezing), shortness of breath, and difficult to do physical exercises.
When a muscle twitched, narrowed airways and block breathing. If this happens, the lungs will
lose some air, and as a result, should be fainted.
.

2.2 SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA

The main symptom (cardinal symptom) or asthma is a respiratory whistling sounds

(wheeze), suggesting insulated air duct. Cough, sometimes with the presence of clear mucus
(sputum clear). There are various signs habit, often with inappropriate starters, climate change
and related around trigger above. Symptoms are often more excessive at night time or when
walking. Increased airway will cause shortness of breath. Asthma is sometimes related to issues
acid indigestion, especially with old people.

Signs of asthma is airway whistling, blowing a longer period versus period to take a
breather, sunken tissue between the ribs and the sternum and klavikel Courant, chest and
respiratory will fill up whistling through the stethoscope (rhonkhi). In an asthma attack may be
excessive blue (cyanosed) and may fainted. Between asthma attack may not show any signs.

CHAPTER III

2
 CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion

Asthma is a disease or tired immunological disease that causes difficulty breathing. Its
caused by when someone got asthma attack, and spasma inflammation of the lining of the air
passages causing bronkiol wall in the lungs become narrow. Signs of asthma is airway whistling,
blowing a longer period versus period to take a breather, sunken tissue between the ribs and the
sternum and klavikel Courant, chest and respiratory will fill up whistling through the stethoscope
(rhonkhi). In an asthma attack may be excessive blue (cyanosed) and may fainted. Between
asthma attack may not show any signs.

3.2 Suggestion

Author hope with this paper the readers can increase some knowledge about Asthma and
they can keep their family from this diseases. So, if one of their family got some sign of this
disesases, they can take him/her to the hospital as soon as possible.

REFERENCES

Kocyigit,Aysen and friends.Hallucination Development with Montelukast in a Child with

Asthma: Case Presentation. Iranian Journal of Allergy (2013); 12(4):397-399.