Analytical Design of Elliptical Patch Antenna for

Energy Transmission
Abstract The proposed elliptical inset feed patch represents the patch designing in HFSS. It is
antenna is introduced here for UWB applications. designed by cutting out the sides of the ellipse on
The antenna yields a wide operating frequency a FR4 substrate and hence making it an inset
bandwidth of 7.5 15 GHz for less than -10 dB
return loss at 11GHz. The analytical results of
elliptical patch which is suitable for body
antenna of 2.8cm 4cm dimensions exhibit wearable applications and it gives a high gain of
good behavior in gain and radiation about 6 dBi and a return loss below -10db . The
pattern. A new design of an elliptical shaped ground plane lies at the bottom surface of the
antenna for Ultra Wide Band applications is dielectric substrate and the elliptical patch
proposed on the HFSS software. The antenna can designed is at the top layer of the dielectric
also be used for many modern communication substrate. The antenna is used for frequency band
systems.
of 7.5 -15 GHz for which antenna yields a return
Index Terms Elliptical patch, HFSS, Ultra wide loss of less than -35 dB. The antenna is
band miniaturized to 2.8 cm 4 cm in order to use it
for UWB applications.
I. INTRODUCTION
The antenna is a transitional structure between
free-space and a guiding device such as co-axial,
waveguide etc [1]. An antenna is an essential part
of transmitting and receiving system that is used
for radiating electromagnetic waves. Moreover,
the antenna should provide stable electrical and
mechanical characteristics even in a harsh weather
and bending conditions with no interference to
other radio systems. These days UWB antenna is
used for data communication as FCC has
proposed a high bandwidth of 7.5 GHz from 3.1 to
10.6 for UWB applications [4]. Any signal that Figure 1: Elliptical Patch Design
occupies at least 500MHz spectrum can be used in
UWB systems. UWB is generally preferred due to
its low power consumption, its ability to penetrate II. ANTENNA DESIGN AND CONFIGURATION

the walls, high immunity to the fading effects and The proposed antenna design is shown in figure 1.
it is much faster than Wi Fi and Bluetooth. It
serves for both commercial and non commercial As the dimension of patch is circular in nature, the
purposes, like military, radar frequency, location actual radius of the patch is given by (Balanis,
track, indoor and also for body wearable 1982)
applications. In order to meet the needs of the
desired applications the UWB antenna is generally
been made on miniaturized substrate due to cost
effectiveness.

Designing of an elliptical shaped patch depends Where,

on three main parameters, Resonant Frequency- The effective radius of patch is given by (Balanis,
11GHz, Dielectric Constant-4.4, and Height of 1982)
dielectric substrate-62 mil. Following figure 1

So therefore, the resonant frequency for the

1
antenna should be expressed as
Where Vo is free space speed of light.
Antenna Design & Analysis
The antenna is designed using HFSS (High
Frequency Structural Simulator). It is one of
several other commercial tools used for antenna
designing. The elliptical patch antenna is designed
to operate at particular frequency bands. The
antenna consists of elliptical patch with inset feed.
Inset feed slot is used to increase the Bandwidth.
The antenna is printed on the FR4 epoxy substrate
with dielectric constant ( r) =4.4, thickness of
1.5748mm. The designing of antenna is done in
following steps.
Design Requirements:
Input Impedance =50
Resonant Frequency of the Antenna=11GHz
Relative permittivity of the substrate = 4.4
Dielectric loss tangent =0.02
tangent of 0.02 to the substrate.
3) Assigning Boundaries and Excitations
a) Select the bottom face of the substrate and
Assign the Perfect E boundary to it.
b) Assign the Radiation boundary to the top
and bottom air boxes.
4) Making inset rectangle around feed line.
a) Create 1st rectangle of dimensions 0.2cm x
0.05cm
b) Create 2nd rectangle of same dimensions
as above.
c) Subtracting both of these rectangles from
main patch.
An elliptical patch is designed on the top side of
the dielectric substrate after which an additional
inset is subtracted from the elliptical patch to
enhance the gain of the antenna. By simulation
and measurements the optimized dimensions are
summarized as follow:
X=1.19cm, Y=0.90cm, WF=0.5cm, LF= 0.71cm,
ID=0.2cm, IG= 0.05cm.

Procedure: The fiberglass reinforced epoxy (FR4) substrate

1) Designing the Microstrip patch was chosen because of number of desirable
features. The design dimensions have
a) Draw the substrate dimensions 2.8cm x
been optimized for the antenna to be
4cmx 1.5748mm.
matched over a frequency range of 7.5
b) Draw the elliptical patch trace on the top
to 15 GHz.
face of the substrate. The elliptical patch has
following dimensions
Radius-1.19 cm
Along x axis: 1.19 cm
Along y axis: 0.90 cm
Material used: FR-4 Epoxy
c) Draw an Air box on starting from the bottom
of the substrate with the same length and
width .The height of the air box can be any
value. Here the dimensions are taken to be
2.8cm x 4cmx 4cm.
d) Draw an Air box below the substrate of
dimensions 2.8cm x 4cmx 4cm.
e) We need to define a wave port .To do so
draw a rectangle on the XY plane of
dimensions such that it covers the trace.
2) Assigning Materials
a) Firstly, select the substrate to assign a
material
b) Assign a User defined material with a
relative permittivity of 4.4 and dielectric loss

2
 Figure 3: Stimulated VSWR characteristics of proposed
antenna

b
Figure 1: Geometry of antenna
a: Top view
b: Side view

III. RESULTS
In this paper, the patch antenna is designed with
inset feed novel shaped elliptical structure. The
stimulated results are obtained for multiple
frequencies making it most suited for wireless
applications using Ansoft stimulation software
HFSS. The antenna features good impedance
matching and gain in the entire band of operation.

Applications:
Point to point communications
Backhaul applications

Figure 4: Radiation Pattern

Figure2: Stimulated return loss characteristics of

proposed antenna

3
 IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper, the microstrip fed slot PCB antenna
has been designed for promising the ultra wide
band applications. The antenna in this design can
operate from a frequency band of 7.5 to 15
GHz .The mushroom shaped patch has been cut
from the radiator to reduce the ground plane
effects. The aspect which is to be highlighted is
the return loss (S11 parameter ) which is less than
35 dBi at 11GHz and VSWR is less than 2 at
11GHz (1.096abs) and at 13 GHz (1.326abs) and
antenna has perceived a gain of 6db .The antenna
gets a suitable radiation pattern and a good
polarization .The compact UWB antenna has a
potential for body wearable applications .The
antenna on FR4 epoxy substrate is feasible and
can be easily fabricated with low cost and is
proved a useful candidate for ultra wide band
antenna.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This is solely informing that Design of inset fed elliptical
patch antenna for UWB applications paper was completed
by the support of our college. We would like to thank
Management of __________________________,
Dr._______________________ (Principal)
Dr. __________________ (Head of the Department),
Mr._________ Professor, and Mr. ______________,
Associate Professor, (Project coordinators).
REFERENCES
[1] Antenna-Theory-Balanis-2nd-Ed-Wiley1997
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Prajapat ,An Elliptical patch uwb antenna with
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conference on computational intelligence and
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[3] N. Ojaroudi and N. Ghadimi , UWB small slot
antenna with WLAN frequency band-stop
function IEEE 10th October 2013 Vol. 49 No.
21 pp. 13171318
[4] Gregory Seregin, KBOR, Moscow, Ultra Wide
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[5] Werner wiesbeck, Grzegorz Adamiuk, Basic
Properties and Design Principles of UWB
AntennasIEEE
[6] Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan Qammer,
H.Abbasi , Akram Alomainy , Yang Hao , Clive
Parini Design of band-notched ultra wideband
antenna for indoor and wearable wireless
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[7] A. Mehdipour , A. Parsa, A.R. Sebak , C.W.
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propagation, 2008.
[8] Ziad El-Khatib, Leonard MacEachern, Samy A.
Mahmoud,
LTCC-based Ultra-wideband Linearly Tapered Slot
Antenna Design Guidelines Department of
Electronics and CPFR, Carleton University,
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[11] Yiye Sun, Sing Wai Cheung, Tung Ip Yuk ,Design
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[12] M. Ojaroudi, G. Ghanbari, N. Ojaroudi, and C.
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